[PATCH v3 00/10] generate-cmdlist.sh: make it (and "make") run faster

["Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason" <avarab@gmail.com>]

This series makes the rather slow generate-cmdlist.sh shellscript run
in ~20ms on my box instead of ~400ms. This helps a lot with "make"
runtime, e.g. during interactive rebase.

This hopefully addresses all the feedback on v2. I kept the
penultimate patch as explained in an updated commit message it helped
quite a bit in the CI environment, and presumably on various other
setup.

There's also a new ~1.3x speedup of "generate-cmdlist.sh: don't parse
command-list.txt thrice" new at the end here, but on some faster boxes
that's against a relative slowdown in 9/10 compared to Jeff's
8/10[1]. I opted to keep 9/10 to give slower systems where process
spawning isn't as fast the benefit of the doubt. We spend less user
time in 10/10 than in 8/10, but more system time.

1. This is HEAD~n at the tip of the series. So .2 = 8/10, .1 = 9/10 '' = 10/10
  $ hyperfine --warmup 20 -L v .2,.1, 'sh generate-cmdlist.sh{v} command-list.txt'
   Benchmark #1: sh generate-cmdlist.sh.2 command-list.txt
     Time (mean ± σ):      19.5 ms ±   0.2 ms    [User: 16.7 ms, System: 8.1 ms]
     Range (min … max):    18.9 ms …  20.5 ms    151 runs
   
   Benchmark #2: sh generate-cmdlist.sh.1 command-list.txt
     Time (mean ± σ):      30.1 ms ±   0.3 ms    [User: 24.8 ms, System: 17.1 ms]
     Range (min … max):    29.3 ms …  31.3 ms    97 runs
   
   Benchmark #3: sh generate-cmdlist.sh command-list.txt
     Time (mean ± σ):      22.8 ms ±   0.3 ms    [User: 15.2 ms, System: 10.1 ms]
     Range (min … max):    22.5 ms …  23.7 ms    125 runs
   
   Summary
     'sh generate-cmdlist.sh.2 command-list.txt' ran
       1.17 ± 0.02 times faster than 'sh generate-cmdlist.sh command-list.txt'
       1.54 ± 0.02 times faster than 'sh generate-cmdlist.sh.1 command-list.txt'
   

Jeff King (1):
  generate-cmdlist.sh: do not shell out to "sed"

Johannes Sixt (2):
  generate-cmdlist.sh: spawn fewer processes
  generate-cmdlist.sh: replace for loop by printf's auto-repeat feature

Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason (7):
  command-list.txt: sort with "LC_ALL=C sort"
  generate-cmdlist.sh: trivial whitespace change
  generate-cmdlist.sh: don't call get_categories() from category_list()
  generate-cmdlist.sh: run "grep | sort", not "sort | grep"
  generate-cmdlist.sh: stop sorting category lines
  generate-cmdlist.sh: replace "grep' invocation with a shell version
  generate-cmdlist.sh: don't parse command-list.txt thrice

 command-list.txt    | 22 ++++++-------
 generate-cmdlist.sh | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 2 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)

Range-diff against v2:
 1:  96885282988 !  1:  c385e84c04c command-list.txt: sort with "LC_ALL=C sort"
    @@ Commit message
         separate step, right now the generate-cmdlist.sh script just uses the
         order found in this file.
     
    +    Note that this refers to the sort order of the lines in
    +    command-list.txt, a subsequent commit will also change how we treat
    +    the sort order of the "category" fields, but that's unrelated to this
    +    change.
    +
         Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
     
      ## command-list.txt ##
    @@ command-list.txt: git-request-pull                        foreignscminterface
      git-show-ref                            plumbinginterrogators
     -git-sh-i18n                             purehelpers
     -git-sh-setup                            purehelpers
    - git-sparse-checkout                     mainporcelain           worktree
    + git-sparse-checkout                     mainporcelain
     -git-stash                               mainporcelain
      git-stage                                                               complete
     +git-stash                               mainporcelain
    @@ command-list.txt: git-var                                 plumbinginterrogators
      git-whatchanged                         ancillaryinterrogators          complete
      git-worktree                            mainporcelain
      git-write-tree                          plumbingmanipulators
    +@@ command-list.txt: gitfaq                                  guide
    + gitglossary                             guide
    + githooks                                guide
    + gitignore                               guide
     +gitk                                    mainporcelain
    -+gitweb                                  ancillaryinterrogators
    - gitattributes                           guide
    - gitcli                                  guide
    - gitcore-tutorial                        guide
    + gitmailmap                              guide
    + gitmodules                              guide
    + gitnamespaces                           guide
     @@ command-list.txt: gitremote-helpers                       guide
      gitrepository-layout                    guide
      gitrevisions                            guide
    @@ command-list.txt: gitremote-helpers                       guide
     -gittutorial-2                           guide
      gittutorial                             guide
     +gittutorial-2                           guide
    ++gitweb                                  ancillaryinterrogators
      gitworkflows                            guide
 2:  5e8fef90e42 !  2:  b4b4c3aa135 generate-cmdlist.sh: trivial whitespace change
    @@ Metadata
      ## Commit message ##
         generate-cmdlist.sh: trivial whitespace change
     
    -    This makes a subsequent diff smaller, and won't leave us with this
    -    syntax nit at the end.
    +    Add " " before a "|" at the end of a line in generate-cmdlist.sh for
    +    consistency with other code in the file. Some of the surrounding code
    +    will be modified in subsequent commits.
     
         Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
     
 3:  6b4de6a6088 =  3:  737cca59d99 generate-cmdlist.sh: spawn fewer processes
 4:  074685cf714 =  4:  6ad17ab56c2 generate-cmdlist.sh: don't call get_categories() from category_list()
 5:  f01c1fd8088 =  5:  d7be565b567 generate-cmdlist.sh: run "grep | sort", not "sort | grep"
 6:  e0b11514b8d =  6:  646363db11f generate-cmdlist.sh: replace for loop by printf's auto-repeat feature
 7:  f2f37c2963b =  7:  d8cc7c246b8 generate-cmdlist.sh: stop sorting category lines
 8:  83318d6c0da =  8:  aeeecc575fb generate-cmdlist.sh: do not shell out to "sed"
 9:  7903dd1f8c2 !  9:  e2702bcc1d0 generate-cmdlist.sh: replace "grep' invocation with a shell version
    @@ Commit message
         test-lib-functions.sh.
     
         On my *nix system this makes things quite a bit slower compared to
    -    HEAD~, but since the generate-cmdlist.sh is already quite fast, and
    -    this likely helps systems where command invocations are more
    -    expensive (i.e. Windows) let's use this anyway.
    -
    +    HEAD~:
    +    o
           'sh generate-cmdlist.sh.old command-list.txt' ran
             1.56 ± 0.11 times faster than 'sh generate-cmdlist.sh command-list.txt'
            18.00 ± 0.19 times faster than 'sh generate-cmdlist.sh.master command-list.txt'
     
    -    Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
    +    But when I tried running generate-cmdlist.sh 100 times in CI I found
    +    that it helped across the board even on OSX & Linux. I tried testing
    +    it in CI with this ad-hoc few-liner:
    +
    +        for i in $(seq -w 0 11 | sort -nr)
    +        do
    +            git show HEAD~$i:generate-cmdlist.sh >generate-cmdlist-HEAD$i.sh &&
    +            git add generate-cmdlist* &&
    +            cp t/t0000-generate-cmdlist.sh t/t00$i-generate-cmdlist.sh || : &&
    +            perl -pi -e "s/HEAD0/HEAD$i/g" t/t00$i-generate-cmdlist.sh &&
    +            git add t/t00*.sh
    +        done && git commit -m"generated it"
    +
    +    Here HEAD~02 and the t0002* file refers to this change, and HEAD~03
    +    and t0003* file to the preceding commit, the relevant results were:
    +
    +        linux-gcc:
    +
    +        [12:05:33] t0002-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       14 ms ( 0.00 usr  0.00 sys +  3.64 cusr  3.09 csys =  6.73 CPU)
    +        [12:05:30] t0003-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       32 ms ( 0.00 usr  0.00 sys +  2.66 cusr  1.81 csys =  4.47 CPU)
    +
    +        osx-gcc:
    +
    +        [11:58:04] t0002-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok    80081 ms ( 0.02 usr  0.02 sys + 17.80 cusr 10.07 csys = 27.91 CPU)
    +        [11:58:16] t0003-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok    92127 ms ( 0.02 usr  0.01 sys + 22.54 cusr 14.27 csys = 36.84 CPU)
    +
    +        vs-test:
    +
    +        [12:03:14] t0002-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       30 s ( 0.02 usr  0.00 sys + 13.14 cusr 26.19 csys = 39.35 CPU)
    +        [12:03:20] t0003-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       32 s ( 0.00 usr  0.02 sys + 13.25 cusr 26.10 csys = 39.37 CPU)
    +
    +    I.e. even on *nix running 100 of these in a loop was up to ~2x faster
    +    in absolute runtime, I suspect it's due factors that are exacerbated
    +    in the CI, e.g. much slower process startup due to some platform
    +    limits, or a slower FS.
    +
    +    The "cut -d" change here is because we're not emitting the
    +    40-character aligned output anymore, i.e. we'll get the output from
    +    command_list() now, not an as-is line from command-list.txt.
    +
    +    This also makes the parsing more reliable, as we could tweak the
    +    whitespace alignment without breaking this parser. Let's reword a
    +    now-inaccurate comment in "command-list.txt" describing that previous
    +    alignment limitation. We'll still need the "### command-list [...]"
    +    line due to the "Documentation/cmd-list.perl" logic added in
    +    11c6659d85d (command-list: prepare machinery for upcoming "common
    +    groups" section, 2015-05-21).
    +
    +    There was a proposed change subsequent to this one[3] which continued
    +    moving more logic into the "command_list() function, i.e. replaced the
    +    "cut | tr | grep" chain in "category_list()" with an argument to
    +    "command_list()".
    +
    +    That change might have had a bit of an effect, but not as much as the
    +    preceding commit, so I decided to drop it. The relevant performance
    +    numbers from it were:
    +
    +        linux-gcc:
    +
    +        [12:05:33] t0001-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       13 ms ( 0.00 usr  0.00 sys +  3.33 cusr  2.78 csys =  6.11 CPU)
    +        [12:05:33] t0002-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       14 ms ( 0.00 usr  0.00 sys +  3.64 cusr  3.09 csys =  6.73 CPU)
    +
    +        osx-gcc:
    +
    +        [11:58:03] t0001-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok    78416 ms ( 0.02 usr  0.01 sys + 11.78 cusr  6.22 csys = 18.03 CPU)
    +        [11:58:04] t0002-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok    80081 ms ( 0.02 usr  0.02 sys + 17.80 cusr 10.07 csys = 27.91 CPU)
    +
    +        vs-test:
    +
    +        [12:03:20] t0001-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       34 s ( 0.00 usr  0.03 sys + 12.42 cusr 19.55 csys = 32.00 CPU)
    +        [12:03:14] t0002-generate-cmdlist.sh .. ok       30 s ( 0.02 usr  0.00 sys + 13.14 cusr 26.19 csys = 39.35 CPU)
    +
    +    As above HEAD~2 and t0002* are testing the code in this commit (and
    +    the line is the same), but HEAD~1 and t0001* are testing that dropped
    +    change in [3].
    +
    +    1. https://lore.kernel.org/git/cover-v2-00.10-00000000000-20211022T193027Z-avarab@gmail.com/
    +    2. https://lore.kernel.org/git/patch-v2-08.10-83318d6c0da-20211022T193027Z-avarab@gmail.com/
    +    3. https://lore.kernel.org/git/patch-v2-10.10-e10a43756d1-20211022T193027Z-avarab@gmail.com/
    +
    + ## command-list.txt ##
    +@@
    + # specified here, which can only have "guide" attribute and nothing
    + # else.
    + #
    +-### command list (do not change this line, also do not change alignment)
    ++### command list (do not change this line)
    + # command name                          category [category] [category]
    + git-add                                 mainporcelain           worktree
    + git-am                                  mainporcelain
     
      ## generate-cmdlist.sh ##
     @@ generate-cmdlist.sh: die () {
    @@ generate-cmdlist.sh: die () {
     +	while read cmd rest
     +	do
     +		case "$cmd" in
    -+		"#"*)
    -+			continue;
    ++		"#"* | '')
    ++			# Ignore comments and allow empty lines
    ++			continue
     +			;;
     +		*)
     +			case "$exclude_programs" in
    -+				*":$cmd:"*)
    ++			*":$cmd:"*)
     +				;;
     +			*)
     +				echo "$cmd $rest"
     +				;;
     +			esac
     +		esac
    -+	done
    ++	done <"$1"
      }
      
      category_list () {
    --	command_list "$1" |
    + 	command_list "$1" |
     -	cut -c 40- |
    -+	command_list <"$1" |
     +	cut -d' ' -f2- |
      	tr ' ' '\012' |
      	grep -v '^$' |
      	LC_ALL=C sort -u
    -@@ generate-cmdlist.sh: define_category_names () {
    - print_command_list () {
    - 	echo "static struct cmdname_help command_list[] = {"
    - 
    --	command_list "$1" |
    -+	command_list <"$1" |
    - 	while read cmd rest
    - 	do
    - 		synopsis=
     @@ generate-cmdlist.sh: print_command_list () {
      	echo "};"
      }
10:  e10a43756d1 <  -:  ----------- generate-cmdlist.sh: replace "cut", "tr" and "grep" with pure-shell
 -:  ----------- > 10:  100084070fd generate-cmdlist.sh: don't parse command-list.txt thrice
-- 
2.34.0.rc1.721.ga0c1db665bc