PUBLIC-INBOX-DAEMON(8)     public-inbox user manual     PUBLIC-INBOX-DAEMON(8)

NAME
       public-inbox-daemon - common usage for public-inbox network daemons

SYNOPSIS
               public-inbox-netd
               public-inbox-httpd
               public-inbox-imapd
               public-inbox-nntpd
               public-inbox-pop3d

DESCRIPTION
       This manual describes common options and behavior for public-inbox
       network daemons.  Network daemons for public-inbox provide read-only
       IMAP, HTTP, NNTP and POP3 access to public-inboxes.  Write access to a
       public-inbox will never be required to run these.

       These daemons are implemented with a common core using non-blocking
       sockets and optimized for fairness; even with thousands of connected
       clients over slow links.

       They also provide graceful shutdown/upgrade support to avoid breaking
       existing connections during software upgrades.

       These daemons may also utilize multiple pre-forked worker processes to
       take advantage of multiple CPUs.

OPTIONS
       -l [PROTOCOL://]ADDRESS[?opt1=val1,opt2=val2]
       --listen [PROTOCOL://]ADDRESS[?opt1=val1,opt2=val2]
           This takes an absolute path to a Unix socket or HOST:PORT to listen
           on.  For example, to listen to TCP connections on port 119, use:
           "-l 0.0.0.0:119".  This may also point to a Unix socket ("-l
           /path/to/http.sock") for a reverse proxy like nginx(8) to use.

           May be specified multiple times to allow listening on multiple
           sockets.

           Unless per-listener options are used (required for
           public-inbox-netd(1)), this does not need to be specified at all if
           relying on systemd.socket(5) or similar,

           Per-listener options may be specified after "?" as "KEY=VALUE"
           pairs delimited by ",".  See public-inbox-netd(1) for documentation
           on the "backlog=", "cert=", "key=", "env.NAME=VALUE", "out=",
           "err=", "psgi=", "servername=", and "serverport=" options
           available.

           Default: server-dependent unless socket activation is used with
           systemd(1) or similar (see systemd.socket(5)).

       -1
       --stdout PATH
           Specify an appendable path to redirect stdout descriptor (1) to.
           Using this is preferable to setting up the redirect externally
           (e.g. >>/path/to/log in shell) since it allows SIGUSR1 to be
           handled (see "SIGNALS" in SIGNALS below).

           "out=" may also be specified on a per-listener basis.

           Default: /dev/null with "--daemonize", inherited otherwise

       -2 PATH
       --stderr PATH
           Like "--stdout", but for the stderr descriptor (2).

           "err=" may also be specified on a per-listener basis.

           Default: /dev/null with "--daemonize", inherited otherwise

       -W INTEGER
       --worker-processes INTEGER
           Set the number of worker processes.

           Normally, this should match the number of CPUs on the system to
           take full advantage of the hardware.  However, users of memory-
           constrained systems may want to lower this.

           Setting this to zero ("-W0") disables the master/worker split;
           saving some memory but removing the ability to use SIGTTIN to
           increase worker processes or have the worker restarted by the
           master on crashes.

           Default: 1

       -X INTEGER
       --xapian-helpers INTEGER
           Enables the use of Xapian helper processes to handle expensive,
           non-deterministic Xapian search queries asynchronously without
           blocking simple requests.

           With positive values, there is an additional manager process that
           can be signaled to control the number of Xapian helper workers.

           * "-X0" one worker, no manager process * "-X1" one worker, one
           manager process ...  * "-X8" eight workers, one manager process

           As with the public-facing public-inbox-* daemons, sending "SIGTTIN"
           or "SIGTTOU" to the Xapian helper manager process will increment or
           decrement the number of workers.

           Both Xapian helper workers and managers automatically respawn if
           they crash or are explicitly killed, even with "-X0".

           A C++ compiler, pkg-config(1), and Xapian development files (e.g.
           "libxapian-dev" or "xapian*-core-dev*") are required to gain access
           to some expensive queries and significant memory savings.

           Xapian helper workers are shared by all "--worker-processes" of the
           Perl daemon for additional memory savings.

           New in public-inbox 2.0.0.

           Default: undefined, search queries are handled synchronously

       --cert /path/to/cert
           The default TLS certificate for HTTPS, IMAPS, NNTPS, POP3S and/or
           STARTTLS support if the "cert" option is not given with "--listen".

           With this option, well-known TCP ports automatically get TLS or
           STARTTLS support if using systemd-compatible socket activation.
           That is, ports 443, 563, 993, and 995 support HTTPS, NNTPS, IMAPS,
           and POP3S, respectively; while ports 110, 119, and 143 support
           STARTTLS on POP3, NNTP, and IMAP, respectively.

       --key /path/to/key
           The default TLS certificate key for the default "--cert" or per-
           listener "cert=" option.  The private key may be concatenated into
           the cert file itself, in which case this option is not needed.

       --multi-accept INTEGER
           By default, each worker accepts one connection at a time to
           maximize fairness and minimize contention across multiple processes
           on a shared listen socket.  Accepting multiple connections at once
           may be useful in constrained deployments with few, heavily loaded
           workers.  Negative values enables a worker to accept all available
           clients at once, possibly starving others in the process.  "-1"
           behaves like "multi_accept yes" in nginx; while 0 (the default) is
           "multi_accept no" in nginx.  Positive values allow fine-tuning
           without the runaway behavior of "-1".

           This may be specified on a per-listener basis via the
           "multi-accept=" per-listener directive (e.g. "-l
           http://127.0.0.1?multi-accept=1").

           Default: 0

SIGNALS
       Most of our signal handling behavior is copied from nginx(8) and/or
       starman(1), so it is possible to reuse common scripts for managing
       them.

       SIGUSR1 Reopens log files pointed to by --stdout and --stderr options.

       SIGUSR2 Spawn a new process with the intention to replace the running
               one.  See "UPGRADING" below.

       SIGHUP  Reload config files associated with the process.  (Note: broken
               for public-inbox-httpd(1) only in <= 1.6)

       SIGTTIN Increase the number of running worker processes by one.

       SIGTTOU Decrease the number of running worker processes by one.

       SIGWINCH
               Stop all running worker processes.  SIGHUP or SIGTTIN may be
               used to restart workers.

       SIGQUIT Gracefully terminate the running process.

       SIGTTOU, SIGTTIN, SIGWINCH all have no effect when worker processes are
       disabled with "-W0" on the command-line.

ENVIRONMENT
       PI_CONFIG
               The default config file, normally "~/.public-inbox/config".
               See public-inbox-config(5)

       LISTEN_FDS, LISTEN_PID
               Used by systemd (and compatible) installations for socket
               activation.  See systemd.socket(5) and sd_listen_fds(3).

       PERL_INLINE_DIRECTORY
               Pointing this to a writable directory enables the use of Inline
               and Inline::C extensions which may provide platform-specific
               performance improvements.  Currently, this enables the use of
               vfork(2) which speeds up subprocess spawning with the Linux
               kernel.

               public-inbox will never enable Inline::C automatically without
               this environment variable set or
               "~/.cache/public-inbox/inline-c" created by a user. See Inline
               and Inline::C for more details.

UPGRADING
       There are two ways to upgrade a running process.

       Users of process management systems with socket activation (systemd(1)
       or similar) may rely on multiple daemon instances.  For systemd, this
       means using two (or more) '@' instances for each service (e.g.
       "SERVICENAME@INSTANCE") as documented in systemd.unit(5).

       Users of traditional SysV init may use SIGUSR2 to spawn a replacement
       process and gracefully terminate the old process using SIGQUIT.

       In either case, the old process will not truncate running responses; so
       responses to expensive requests do not get interrupted and lost.

CONTACT
       Feedback welcome via plain-text mail to <mailto:meta@public-inbox.org>

       The mail archives are hosted at <https://public-inbox.org/meta/> and
       <http://4uok3hntl7oi7b4uf4rtfwefqeexfzil2w6kgk2jn5z2f764irre7byd.onion/meta/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright all contributors <mailto:meta@public-inbox.org>

       License: AGPL-3.0+ <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.txt>

SEE ALSO
       public-inbox-httpd(1), public-inbox-imapd(1), public-inbox-nntpd(1),
       public-inbox-pop3d(1), public-inbox-netd(1)

public-inbox.git                  1993-10-02            PUBLIC-INBOX-DAEMON(8)