[PATCH] sequencer.c: fix overflow & segfault in parse_strategy_opts()

["Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason" <avarab@gmail.com>]

The split_cmdline() function introduced in [1] returns an "int". If
it's negative it signifies an error. The option parsing in [2] didn't
account for this, and assigned the value directly to the "size_t
xopts_nr". We'd then attempt to loop over all of these elements, and
access uninitialized memory.

There's a few things that use this for option parsing, but one way to
trigger it is with a bad value to "-X <strategy-option>", e.g:

	git rebase -X"bad argument\""

In another context this might be a security issue, but in this case
someone who's already able to inject arguments directly to our
commands would be past other defenses, making this potential
escalation a moot point.

As the example above & test case shows the error reporting leaves
something to be desired. The function will loop over the
whitespace-split values, but when it encounters an error we'll only
report the first element, which is OK, not the second "argument\""
whose quote is unbalanced.

This is an inherent limitation of the current API, and the issue
affects other API users. Let's not attempt to fix that now. If and
when that happens these tests will need to be adjusted to assert the
new output.

1. 2b11e3170e9 (If you have a config containing something like this:,
   2006-06-05)
2. ca6c6b45dd9 (sequencer (rebase -i): respect strategy/strategy_opts
   settings, 2017-01-02)

Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
---

CI & branch for this at
https://github.com/avar/git/tree/avar/sequencer-xopts-nr-overflow

Not a new issue, but I figured with other discussions in this area
kicking this out the door sooner than later was better.

 sequencer.c                    |  9 +++++++--
 t/t3436-rebase-more-options.sh | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
index 3e4a1972897..79c615193b6 100644
--- a/sequencer.c
+++ b/sequencer.c
@@ -2876,13 +2876,18 @@ static int populate_opts_cb(const char *key, const char *value, void *data)
 void parse_strategy_opts(struct replay_opts *opts, char *raw_opts)
 {
 	int i;
+	int count;
 	char *strategy_opts_string = raw_opts;
 
 	if (*strategy_opts_string == ' ')
 		strategy_opts_string++;
 
-	opts->xopts_nr = split_cmdline(strategy_opts_string,
-				       (const char ***)&opts->xopts);
+	count = split_cmdline(strategy_opts_string,
+			      (const char ***)&opts->xopts);
+	if (count < 0)
+		die(_("could not split '%s': '%s'"), strategy_opts_string,
+			    split_cmdline_strerror(count));
+	opts->xopts_nr = count;
 	for (i = 0; i < opts->xopts_nr; i++) {
 		const char *arg = opts->xopts[i];
 
diff --git a/t/t3436-rebase-more-options.sh b/t/t3436-rebase-more-options.sh
index 94671d3c465..195ace34559 100755
--- a/t/t3436-rebase-more-options.sh
+++ b/t/t3436-rebase-more-options.sh
@@ -40,6 +40,24 @@ test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	EOF
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'bad -X <strategy-option> arguments: unclosed quote' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	fatal: could not split '\''--bad'\'': '\''unclosed quote'\''
+	EOF
+	test_expect_code 128 git rebase -X"bad argument\"" side main >out 2>actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bad -X <strategy-option> arguments: bad escape' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	fatal: could not split '\''--bad'\'': '\''cmdline ends with \'\''
+	EOF
+	test_expect_code 128 git rebase -X"bad escape \\" side main >out 2>actual &&
+	test_must_be_empty out &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--ignore-whitespace works with apply backend' '
 	test_must_fail git rebase --apply main side &&
 	git rebase --abort &&
-- 
2.40.0.rc1.1034.g5867a1b10c5