git@vger.kernel.org mailing list mirror (one of many)
 help / color / mirror / code / Atom feed
From: Walter Bright <boost@digitalmars.com>
To: git@vger.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [RFC] Convert builin-mailinfo.c to use The Better String   Library.
Date: Fri, 07 Sep 2007 01:15:06 -0700	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <fbr1a2$qm7$1@sea.gmane.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <85k5r27wkv.fsf@lola.goethe.zz>

David Kastrup wrote:
> Walter Bright <boost@digitalmars.com> writes:
>> The D programming language is a different take than C++ has on growing
>> C. I'm curious what your thoughts on that are (D has garbage
>> collection, while still retaining the ability to directly manage
>> memory). Can you enumerate what you feel are the important concepts?
> 
> A design is perfect not when there is no longer anything you can add
> to it, but if there is no longer anything you can take away.

I like to phrase that a slightly different way: anyone can make 
something complicated, but it takes genius to make something simple.

A very big goal for D is to make what should be simple code, simple. It 
turns out that what's simple for a computer is complex for a human. So 
to design a language that is simple for programmers is (unfortunately) a 
rather complex problem. Or perhaps I'm just not smart enough <g>.

A canonical example is that of a loop. Consider a simple C loop over an 
array:

void foo(int array[10])
{
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
     {   int value = array[i];
         ... do something ...
     }
}

It's simple, but it has a lot of problems:

1) i should be size_t, not int
2) array is not checked for overflow
3) 10 may not be the actual array dimension
4) may be more efficient to step through the array with pointers, rather 
than indices
5) type of array may change, but the type of value may not get updated
6) crashes if array is NULL
7) only works with arrays and pointers

Since this thread is talking about C++, let's look at the C++ version:

void foo(std::vector<int> array)
{
   for (std::vector<int>::const_iterator
        i = array.begin();
        i != array.end();
        i++)
   {
     int value = *i;
     ... do something ...
   }
}

It has fewer latent bugs, but still:

1) type of array may change, but the type of value may not get updated
2) too darned much typing
3) it's more complicated, not simpler

Frankly, I don't want to write loops that way. I want to write them like 
this:

void foo(int[] array)
{
   foreach (value; array)
   {
     ... do something ...
   }
}

As a programmer, I'm specifying exactly what I want to happen without 
much extra puffery. It's less typing, simpler, and more resistant to bugs.

1) correct loop index type is selected based on the type of array
2) arrays carry with them their dimension, so foreach is guaranteed to 
step through the loop the correct number of times
3) implementation decides if pointers will do a better job than indices, 
based on the compilation target
4) type of value is inferred automatically from the type of array, so no 
worries if the type changes
5) Null arrays have 0 length, so no crashing
6) works with any collection type

[This example is extracted from a presentation I've made.]

------
Walter Bright
http://www.digitalmars.com  C, C++, D programming language compilers
http://www.astoriaseminar.com  Extraordinary C++

  reply	other threads:[~2007-09-07  8:15 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 102+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2007-09-04 20:50 [RFC] Convert builin-mailinfo.c to use The Better String Library Lukas Sandström
2007-09-04 21:38 ` Alex Riesen
2007-09-04 23:01   ` Pierre Habouzit
2007-09-05 14:54 ` Kristian Høgsberg
2007-09-05 17:29   ` Matthieu Moy
2007-09-06  2:30     ` Miles Bader
2007-09-06  4:48     ` Dmitry Kakurin
2007-09-06  4:59       ` Shawn O. Pearce
2007-09-06  9:12         ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-06  9:35           ` Junio C Hamano
2007-09-06 10:21             ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-06  9:52           ` David Kastrup
2007-09-06  5:03       ` Miles Bader
2007-09-06 12:08         ` Johannes Schindelin
2007-09-06 17:50       ` Linus Torvalds
2007-09-07  0:21         ` Dmitry Kakurin
2007-09-07  0:38           ` Linus Torvalds
2007-09-07  1:08             ` Dmitry Kakurin
2007-09-07  1:27               ` Linus Torvalds
2007-09-07  3:09                 ` Dmitry Kakurin
2007-09-07  5:48                   ` David Symonds
2007-09-07  6:15                   ` Theodore Tso
2007-09-20 14:06                     ` Steven Burns
2007-09-20 14:56                       ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07  6:31                   ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07 22:17                     ` Dmitry Kakurin
2007-09-07 22:28                       ` David Kastrup
2007-09-08  0:37                         ` Dmitry Kakurin
2007-09-08  6:25                           ` David Kastrup
2007-09-09  0:29                       ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07  6:52                   ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07 10:28                   ` Johannes Schindelin
2007-09-07 10:26                 ` Johannes Schindelin
2007-09-07  6:50               ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07  1:12             ` Linus Torvalds
2007-09-07  1:40               ` alan
2007-09-07  5:09               ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07  7:40                 ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07  8:15                   ` Walter Bright [this message]
2007-09-07  8:26                     ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07  9:14                       ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07  9:31                         ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07 20:22                           ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07 20:27                             ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07 23:16                               ` Walter Bright
2007-09-08 23:50                             ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-09  0:37                               ` Pierre Habouzit
2007-09-09  1:36                                 ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07 11:36                   ` Wincent Colaiuta
2007-09-07  9:41                 ` Pierre Habouzit
2007-09-07 19:03                   ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07 19:31                     ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07 20:49                       ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07 19:41                     ` Pierre Habouzit
2007-09-07 19:51                       ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07 19:59                         ` Pierre Habouzit
2007-09-07 20:40                       ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07 20:56                         ` Pierre Habouzit
2007-09-07 22:54                           ` Walter Bright
2007-09-08  0:56               ` John 'Z-Bo' Zabroski
2007-09-08  6:36                 ` David Kastrup
2007-09-19 19:56               ` Steven Burns
2007-09-07  3:06           ` Wincent Colaiuta
2007-09-07  4:06             ` Paul Wankadia
2007-09-07  4:30               ` Nicolas Pitre
2007-09-07  9:19               ` Wincent Colaiuta
2007-09-07  6:25             ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07 10:56               ` Johannes Schindelin
2007-09-07 11:54                 ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07 12:33                   ` Wincent Colaiuta
2007-09-07 12:55                     ` Karl Hasselström
2007-09-07 13:58                     ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07 14:13                       ` Wincent Colaiuta
2007-09-09  0:09                         ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07 16:09                 ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07 11:30               ` Wincent Colaiuta
2007-09-07  8:36             ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07  9:41               ` Andreas Ericsson
2007-09-07 19:23                 ` Walter Bright
2007-09-07 19:40                   ` David Kastrup
2007-09-09  0:25                   ` Andreas Ericsson
2009-09-17 16:23                   ` Bernd Jendrissek
2007-09-07 11:52               ` Wincent Colaiuta
2007-09-07 19:25                 ` Walter Bright
2007-09-22 16:52               ` Steven Burns
2007-09-07  6:47           ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07  7:41             ` Andy Parkins
2007-09-07  8:08               ` David Kastrup
2007-09-07 10:21           ` Johannes Schindelin
2007-09-08  0:32             ` Dmitry Kakurin
2007-09-08  6:24               ` David Kastrup
2007-09-08 23:25               ` Alex Riesen
2007-09-24 13:41         ` figo
2007-09-24 13:57           ` David Kastrup
2007-09-25 19:19             ` Steven Burns
2007-09-25 19:55               ` David Kastrup
2012-05-22 18:30         ` Syed M Raihan
2010-06-10 19:12       ` Ian Molton
2010-06-11 12:23         ` Jakub Narebski
2010-06-11 13:33           ` Dario Rodriguez
2007-09-05 15:27 ` Kristian Høgsberg
2007-09-07 10:47 ` Lukas Sandström

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

  List information: http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to='fbr1a2$qm7$1@sea.gmane.org' \
    --to=boost@digitalmars.com \
    --cc=git@vger.kernel.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
Code repositories for project(s) associated with this public inbox

	https://80x24.org/mirrors/git.git

This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for read-only IMAP folder(s) and NNTP newsgroup(s).