[PATCH v4 0/9] Make submodules work if .gitmodules is not checked out

[PATCH v4 0/9] Make submodules work if .gitmodules is not checked out

[Antonio Ospite]

Hi,

this series teaches git to try and read the .gitmodules file from the
index (:.gitmodules) and the current branch (HEAD:.gitmodules) when it
is not readily available in the working tree.

This can be used, together with sparse checkouts, to enable submodule
usage with programs like vcsh[1] which manage multiple repositories with
their working trees sharing the same path.

[1] https://github.com/RichiH/vcsh

In v4 patches 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 are basically the same as in the
previous series; the review can concentrate on patches 3, 4, 8, and 9.

v3 of the series is here:
https://public-inbox.org/git/20180814110525.17801-1-ao2@ao2.it/

v2 of the series is here:
https://public-inbox.org/git/20180802134634.10300-1-ao2@ao2.it/

v1 of the series, with some background info, is here:
https://public-inbox.org/git/20180514105823.8378-1-ao2@ao2.it/

Changes since v3:

  * Improve robustness of current tests in t7411-submodule-config.sh:
      - merge two tests that check for effects of the same commit.
      - reset to a well defined point in history when exiting the tests.

  * Fix style issues in new tests added to t7411-submodule-config.sh:
      - use test_when_finished in new tests.
      - name the output file 'expect' instead of 'expected'.

  * Add a new "submodule--helper config --check-writeable" command.

  * Use "s--h config --check-wrteable" in git-submodule.sh to share the
    code with the C implementation instead of duplicating the safety
    check in shell script.

  * Add the ability to read .gitmodules from the index and then
    fall-back to the current branch if the file is not in the index.
    Add also more tests to validate all the possible scenarios.

  * Fix style issues in t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh:
      - name the output file 'expect' instead of 'expected'.
      - remove white space after the redirection operator.
      - indent the HEREDOC block.
      - use "git -C super" instead of a subshell when there is only one
        command in the test.

  * Remove a stale file named 'new' which erroneusly slipped in
    a commit.

  * Update some comments and commit messages.


Thanks,
   Antonio

Antonio Ospite (9):
  submodule: add a print_config_from_gitmodules() helper
  submodule: factor out a config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently function
  t7411: merge tests 5 and 6
  t7411: be nicer to future tests and really clean things up
  submodule--helper: add a new 'config' subcommand
  submodule: use the 'submodule--helper config' command
  t7506: clean up .gitmodules properly before setting up new scenario
  submodule: add a helper to check if it is safe to write to .gitmodules
  submodule: support reading .gitmodules when it's not in the working
    tree

 builtin/submodule--helper.c            |  40 +++++++++
 cache.h                                |   2 +
 git-submodule.sh                       |  13 ++-
 submodule-config.c                     |  55 ++++++++++++-
 submodule-config.h                     |   3 +
 submodule.c                            |  28 +++++--
 submodule.h                            |   1 +
 t/t7411-submodule-config.sh            | 107 +++++++++++++++++++++----
 t/t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh |  78 ++++++++++++++++++
 t/t7506-status-submodule.sh            |   3 +-
 10 files changed, 301 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 t/t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh

-- 
Antonio Ospite
https://ao2.it
https://twitter.com/ao2it

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
   See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?

[PATCH v4 1/9] submodule: add a print_config_from_gitmodules() helper

[Antonio Ospite]

Add a new print_config_from_gitmodules() helper function to print values
from .gitmodules just like "git config -f .gitmodules" would.

This will be used by a new submodule--helper subcommand to be able to
access the .gitmodules file in a more controlled way.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 submodule-config.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 submodule-config.h |  2 ++
 2 files changed, 27 insertions(+)

diff --git a/submodule-config.c b/submodule-config.c
index fc2c41b947..eef96c4198 100644
--- a/submodule-config.c
+++ b/submodule-config.c
@@ -682,6 +682,31 @@ void submodule_free(struct repository *r)
 		submodule_cache_clear(r->submodule_cache);
 }
 
+static int config_print_callback(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb_data)
+{
+	char *key = cb_data;
+
+	if (!strcmp(key, key_))
+		printf("%s\n", value_);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key)
+{
+	int ret;
+	char *store_key;
+
+	ret = git_config_parse_key(key, &store_key, NULL);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;
+
+	config_from_gitmodules(config_print_callback, the_repository, store_key);
+
+	free(store_key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 struct fetch_config {
 	int *max_children;
 	int *recurse_submodules;
diff --git a/submodule-config.h b/submodule-config.h
index dc7278eea4..ed40e9a478 100644
--- a/submodule-config.h
+++ b/submodule-config.h
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ void submodule_free(struct repository *r);
  */
 int check_submodule_name(const char *name);
 
+int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key);
+
 /*
  * Note: these helper functions exist solely to maintain backward
  * compatibility with 'fetch' and 'update_clone' storing configuration in
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 2/9] submodule: factor out a config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently function

[Antonio Ospite]

Introduce a new config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently() function to write
config values to the .gitmodules file.

This is in preparation for a future change which will use the function
to write to the .gitmodules file in a more controlled way instead of
using "git config -f .gitmodules".

The purpose of the change is mainly to centralize the code that writes
to the .gitmodules file to avoid some duplication.

The naming follows git_config_set_in_file_gently() but the git_ prefix
is removed to communicate that this is not a generic git-config API.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 submodule-config.c | 12 ++++++++++++
 submodule-config.h |  1 +
 submodule.c        | 10 +++-------
 3 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/submodule-config.c b/submodule-config.c
index eef96c4198..b7ef055c63 100644
--- a/submodule-config.c
+++ b/submodule-config.c
@@ -707,6 +707,18 @@ int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently(const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = git_config_set_in_file_gently(GITMODULES_FILE, key, value);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		/* Maybe the user already did that, don't error out here */
+		warning(_("Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"), key);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 struct fetch_config {
 	int *max_children;
 	int *recurse_submodules;
diff --git a/submodule-config.h b/submodule-config.h
index ed40e9a478..9957bcbbfa 100644
--- a/submodule-config.h
+++ b/submodule-config.h
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ void submodule_free(struct repository *r);
 int check_submodule_name(const char *name);
 
 int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key);
+int config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently(const char *key, const char *value);
 
 /*
  * Note: these helper functions exist solely to maintain backward
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index 50cbf5f13e..36a9465acb 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 {
 	struct strbuf entry = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const struct submodule *submodule;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (!file_exists(GITMODULES_FILE)) /* Do nothing without .gitmodules */
 		return -1;
@@ -104,14 +105,9 @@ int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 	strbuf_addstr(&entry, "submodule.");
 	strbuf_addstr(&entry, submodule->name);
 	strbuf_addstr(&entry, ".path");
-	if (git_config_set_in_file_gently(GITMODULES_FILE, entry.buf, newpath) < 0) {
-		/* Maybe the user already did that, don't error out here */
-		warning(_("Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"), entry.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&entry);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	ret = config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently(entry.buf, newpath);
 	strbuf_release(&entry);
-	return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /*
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 3/9] t7411: merge tests 5 and 6

[Antonio Ospite]

Tests 5 and 6 check for the effects of the same commit, merge the two
tests to make it more straightforward to clean things up after the test
has finished.

The cleanup will be added in a future commit.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 t/t7411-submodule-config.sh | 18 +++++-------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
index 0bde5850ac..f2cd1f4a2c 100755
--- a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
@@ -82,29 +82,21 @@ Submodule name: 'a' for path 'b'
 Submodule name: 'submodule' for path 'submodule'
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'error in one submodule config lets continue' '
+test_expect_success 'error in history of one submodule config lets continue, stderr message contains blob ref' '
 	(cd super &&
 		cp .gitmodules .gitmodules.bak &&
 		echo "	value = \"" >>.gitmodules &&
 		git add .gitmodules &&
 		mv .gitmodules.bak .gitmodules &&
 		git commit -m "add error" &&
-		test-tool submodule-config \
-			HEAD b \
-			HEAD submodule \
-				>actual &&
-		test_cmp expect_error actual
-	)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'error message contains blob reference' '
-	(cd super &&
 		sha1=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 		test-tool submodule-config \
 			HEAD b \
 			HEAD submodule \
-				2>actual_err &&
-		test_i18ngrep "submodule-blob $sha1:.gitmodules" actual_err >/dev/null
+				>actual \
+				2>actual_stderr &&
+		test_cmp expect_error actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep "submodule-blob $sha1:.gitmodules" actual_stderr >/dev/null
 	)
 '
 
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 4/9] t7411: be nicer to future tests and really clean things up

[Antonio Ospite]

Tests 5 and 7 in t/t7411-submodule-config.sh add two commits with
invalid lines in .gitmodules but then only the second commit is removed.

This may affect future subsequent tests if they assume that the
.gitmodules file has no errors.

Remove both the commits as soon as they are not needed anymore.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 t/t7411-submodule-config.sh | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
index f2cd1f4a2c..b1f3c6489b 100755
--- a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ Submodule name: 'submodule' for path 'submodule'
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'error in history of one submodule config lets continue, stderr message contains blob ref' '
+	ORIG=$(git -C super rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super reset --hard $ORIG" &&
 	(cd super &&
 		cp .gitmodules .gitmodules.bak &&
 		echo "	value = \"" >>.gitmodules &&
@@ -115,6 +117,8 @@ test_expect_success 'using different treeishs works' '
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'error in history in fetchrecursesubmodule lets continue' '
+	ORIG=$(git -C super rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super reset --hard $ORIG" &&
 	(cd super &&
 		git config -f .gitmodules \
 			submodule.submodule.fetchrecursesubmodules blabla &&
@@ -126,8 +130,7 @@ test_expect_success 'error in history in fetchrecursesubmodule lets continue' '
 			HEAD b \
 			HEAD submodule \
 				>actual &&
-		test_cmp expect_error actual  &&
-		git reset --hard HEAD^
+		test_cmp expect_error actual
 	)
 '
 
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 5/9] submodule--helper: add a new 'config' subcommand

[Antonio Ospite]

Add a new 'config' subcommand to 'submodule--helper', this extra level
of indirection makes it possible to add some flexibility to how the
submodules configuration is handled.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 builtin/submodule--helper.c | 14 ++++++++++++++
 t/t7411-submodule-config.sh | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 41 insertions(+)

diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
index 2bcc70fdfe..a461a1107c 100644
--- a/builtin/submodule--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
@@ -2028,6 +2028,19 @@ static int connect_gitdir_workingtree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *p
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int module_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	/* Equivalent to ACTION_GET in builtin/config.c */
+	if (argc == 2)
+		return print_config_from_gitmodules(argv[1]);
+
+	/* Equivalent to ACTION_SET in builtin/config.c */
+	if (argc == 3)
+		return config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently(argv[1], argv[2]);
+
+	die("submodule--helper config takes 1 or 2 arguments: name [value]");
+}
+
 #define SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX (1<<0)
 
 struct cmd_struct {
@@ -2056,6 +2069,7 @@ static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 	{"absorb-git-dirs", absorb_git_dirs, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
 	{"is-active", is_active, 0},
 	{"check-name", check_name, 0},
+	{"config", module_config, 0},
 };
 
 int cmd_submodule__helper(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
diff --git a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
index b1f3c6489b..791245f18d 100755
--- a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
@@ -134,4 +134,31 @@ test_expect_success 'error in history in fetchrecursesubmodule lets continue' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reading submodules config with "submodule--helper config"' '
+	(cd super &&
+		echo "../submodule" >expect &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writing submodules config with "submodule--helper config"' '
+	(cd super &&
+		echo "new_url" >expect &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url "new_url" &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overwriting unstaged submodules config with "submodule--helper config"' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super checkout .gitmodules" &&
+	(cd super &&
+		echo "newer_url" >expect &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url "newer_url" &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 6/9] submodule: use the 'submodule--helper config' command

[Antonio Ospite]

Use the 'submodule--helper config' command in git-submodules.sh to avoid
referring explicitly to .gitmodules by the hardcoded file path.

This makes it possible to access the submodules configuration in a more
controlled way.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 git-submodule.sh | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index f7fd80345c..9e47dc9574 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ get_submodule_config () {
 	value=$(git config submodule."$name"."$option")
 	if test -z "$value"
 	then
-		value=$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name"."$option")
+		value=$(git submodule--helper config submodule."$name"."$option")
 	fi
 	printf '%s' "${value:-$default}"
 }
@@ -283,11 +283,11 @@ or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' option."
 	git add --no-warn-embedded-repo $force "$sm_path" ||
 	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to add submodule '\$sm_path'")"
 
-	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".path "$sm_path" &&
-	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".url "$repo" &&
+	git submodule--helper config submodule."$sm_name".path "$sm_path" &&
+	git submodule--helper config submodule."$sm_name".url "$repo" &&
 	if test -n "$branch"
 	then
-		git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".branch "$branch"
+		git submodule--helper config submodule."$sm_name".branch "$branch"
 	fi &&
 	git add --force .gitmodules ||
 	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register submodule '\$sm_path'")"
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 7/9] t7506: clean up .gitmodules properly before setting up new scenario

[Antonio Ospite]

In t/t7506-status-submodule.sh at some point a new scenario is set up to
test different things, in particular new submodules are added which are
meant to completely replace the previous ones.

However before calling the "git submodule add" commands for the new
layout, the .gitmodules file is removed only from the working tree still
leaving the previous content in current branch.

This can break if, in the future, "git submodule add" starts
differentiating between the following two cases:

  - .gitmodules is not in the working tree but it is in the current
    branch (it may not be safe to add new submodules in this case);

  - .gitmodules is neither in the working tree nor anywhere in the
    current branch (it is safe to add new submodules).

Since the test intends to get rid of .gitmodules anyways, let's
completely remove it from the current branch, to actually start afresh
in the new scenario.

This is more future-proof and does not break current tests.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 t/t7506-status-submodule.sh | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
index 943708fb04..08629a6e70 100755
--- a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
@@ -325,7 +325,8 @@ test_expect_success 'setup superproject with untracked file in nested submodule'
 	(
 		cd super &&
 		git clean -dfx &&
-		rm .gitmodules &&
+		git rm .gitmodules &&
+		git commit -m "remove .gitmodules" &&
 		git submodule add -f ./sub1 &&
 		git submodule add -f ./sub2 &&
 		git submodule add -f ./sub1 sub3 &&
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 8/9] submodule: add a helper to check if it is safe to write to .gitmodules

[Antonio Ospite]

Introduce a helper function named is_writing_gitmodules_ok() to verify
that the .gitmodules file is safe to write.

The function name follows the scheme of is_staging_gitmodules_ok().

The two symbolic constants GITMODULES_INDEX and GITMODULES_HEAD are used
to get help from the C preprocessor in preventing typos, especially for
future users.

This is in preparation for a future change which teaches git how to read
.gitmodules from the index or from the current branch if the file is not
available in the working tree.

The rationale behind the check is that writing to .gitmodules requires
the file to be present in the working tree, unless a brand new
.gitmodules is being created (in which case the .gitmodules file would
not exist at all: neither in the working tree nor in the index or in the
current branch).

Expose the functionality also via a "submodule-helper config
--check-writeable" command, as git scripts may want to perform the check
before modifying submodules configuration.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 builtin/submodule--helper.c | 24 +++++++++++++++++++++++-
 cache.h                     |  2 ++
 submodule.c                 | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
 submodule.h                 |  1 +
 t/t7411-submodule-config.sh | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
index a461a1107c..1bb168e814 100644
--- a/builtin/submodule--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
@@ -2030,6 +2030,28 @@ static int connect_gitdir_workingtree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *p
 
 static int module_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	enum {
+		CHECK_WRITEABLE = 1
+	} command = 0;
+
+	struct option module_config_options[] = {
+		OPT_CMDMODE(0, "check-writeable", &command,
+			    N_("check if it is safe to write to the .gitmodules file"),
+			    CHECK_WRITEABLE),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper config name [value]"),
+		N_("git submodule--helper config --check-writeable"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_config_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
+
+	if (argc == 1 && command == CHECK_WRITEABLE)
+		return is_writing_gitmodules_ok() ? 0 : -1;
+
 	/* Equivalent to ACTION_GET in builtin/config.c */
 	if (argc == 2)
 		return print_config_from_gitmodules(argv[1]);
@@ -2038,7 +2060,7 @@ static int module_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc == 3)
 		return config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently(argv[1], argv[2]);
 
-	die("submodule--helper config takes 1 or 2 arguments: name [value]");
+	usage_with_options(git_submodule_helper_usage, module_config_options);
 }
 
 #define SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX (1<<0)
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index b1fd3d58ab..e3fe1e6191 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -486,6 +486,8 @@ static inline enum object_type object_type(unsigned int mode)
 #define INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE "info/attributes"
 #define ATTRIBUTE_MACRO_PREFIX "[attr]"
 #define GITMODULES_FILE ".gitmodules"
+#define GITMODULES_INDEX ":.gitmodules"
+#define GITMODULES_HEAD "HEAD:.gitmodules"
 #define GIT_NOTES_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_REF"
 #define GIT_NOTES_DEFAULT_REF "refs/notes/commits"
 #define GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF"
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index 36a9465acb..d875b512df 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -50,6 +50,24 @@ int is_gitmodules_unmerged(const struct index_state *istate)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Check if the .gitmodules file is safe to write.
+ *
+ * Writing to the .gitmodules file requires that the file exists in the
+ * working tree or, if it doesn't, that a brand new .gitmodules file is going
+ * to be created (i.e. it's neither in the index nor in the current branch).
+ *
+ * It is not safe to write to .gitmodules if it's not in the working tree but
+ * it is in the index or in the current branch, because writing new values
+ * (and staging them) would blindly overwrite ALL the old content.
+ */
+int is_writing_gitmodules_ok(void)
+{
+	struct object_id oid;
+	return file_exists(GITMODULES_FILE) ||
+		(get_oid(GITMODULES_INDEX, &oid) < 0 && get_oid(GITMODULES_HEAD, &oid) < 0);
+}
+
 /*
  * Check if the .gitmodules file has unstaged modifications.  This must be
  * checked before allowing modifications to the .gitmodules file with the
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
index 7d476cefa7..5106d4597a 100644
--- a/submodule.h
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ struct submodule_update_strategy {
 #define SUBMODULE_UPDATE_STRATEGY_INIT {SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED, NULL}
 
 int is_gitmodules_unmerged(const struct index_state *istate);
+int is_writing_gitmodules_ok(void);
 int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(struct index_state *istate);
 int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
 int remove_path_from_gitmodules(const char *path);
diff --git a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
index 791245f18d..45953f9300 100755
--- a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
@@ -161,4 +161,35 @@ test_expect_success 'overwriting unstaged submodules config with "submodule--hel
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'writeable .gitmodules when it is in the working tree' '
+	git -C super submodule--helper config --check-writeable
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writeable .gitmodules when it is nowhere in the repository' '
+	ORIG=$(git -C super rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super reset --hard $ORIG" &&
+	(cd super &&
+		git rm .gitmodules &&
+		git commit -m "remove .gitmodules from the current branch" &&
+		git submodule--helper config --check-writeable
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-writeable .gitmodules when it is in the index but not in the working tree' '
+	test_when_finished "git -C super checkout .gitmodules" &&
+	(cd super &&
+		rm -f .gitmodules &&
+		test_must_fail git submodule--helper config --check-writeable
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-writeable .gitmodules when it is in the current branch but not in the index' '
+	ORIG=$(git -C super rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super reset --hard $ORIG" &&
+	(cd super &&
+		git rm .gitmodules &&
+		test_must_fail git submodule--helper config --check-writeable
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
-- 
2.18.0

[PATCH v4 9/9] submodule: support reading .gitmodules when it's not in the working tree

[Antonio Ospite]

When the .gitmodules file is not available in the working tree, try
using the content from the index and from the current branch. This
covers the case when the file is part of the repository but for some
reason it is not checked out, for example because of a sparse checkout.

This makes it possible to use at least the 'git submodule' commands
which *read* the gitmodules configuration file without fully populating
the working tree.

Writing to .gitmodules will still require that the file is checked out,
so check for that before calling config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently.

Add a similar check also in git-submodule.sh::cmd_add() to anticipate
the eventual failure of the "git submodule add" command when .gitmodules
is not safely writeable; this prevents the command from leaving the
repository in a spurious state (e.g. the submodule repository was cloned
but .gitmodules was not updated because
config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently failed).

Finally, add t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh to verify that reading
from .gitmodules succeeds and that writing to it fails when the file is
not checked out.

Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
---
 builtin/submodule--helper.c            |  6 +-
 git-submodule.sh                       |  5 ++
 submodule-config.c                     | 18 +++++-
 t/t7411-submodule-config.sh            | 26 ++++++++-
 t/t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh | 78 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 129 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 t/t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh

diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
index 1bb168e814..6bc44d87dc 100644
--- a/builtin/submodule--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
@@ -2057,8 +2057,12 @@ static int module_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		return print_config_from_gitmodules(argv[1]);
 
 	/* Equivalent to ACTION_SET in builtin/config.c */
-	if (argc == 3)
+	if (argc == 3) {
+		if (!is_writing_gitmodules_ok())
+			die(_("please make sure that the .gitmodules file is in the working tree"));
+
 		return config_set_in_gitmodules_file_gently(argv[1], argv[2]);
+	}
 
 	usage_with_options(git_submodule_helper_usage, module_config_options);
 }
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 9e47dc9574..0e44487135 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -159,6 +159,11 @@ cmd_add()
 		shift
 	done
 
+	if ! git submodule--helper config --check-writeable >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
+		 die "$(eval_gettext "please make sure that the .gitmodules file is in the working tree")"
+	fi
+
 	if test -n "$reference_path"
 	then
 		is_absolute_path "$reference_path" ||
diff --git a/submodule-config.c b/submodule-config.c
index b7ef055c63..edba68ac85 100644
--- a/submodule-config.c
+++ b/submodule-config.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 #include "repository.h"
 #include "config.h"
 #include "submodule-config.h"
@@ -603,8 +604,21 @@ static void submodule_cache_check_init(struct repository *repo)
 static void config_from_gitmodules(config_fn_t fn, struct repository *repo, void *data)
 {
 	if (repo->worktree) {
-		char *file = repo_worktree_path(repo, GITMODULES_FILE);
-		git_config_from_file(fn, file, data);
+		struct git_config_source config_source = { 0 };
+		const struct config_options opts = { 0 };
+		struct object_id oid;
+		char *file;
+
+		file = repo_worktree_path(repo, GITMODULES_FILE);
+		if (file_exists(file))
+			config_source.file = file;
+		else if (get_oid(GITMODULES_INDEX, &oid) >= 0)
+			config_source.blob = GITMODULES_INDEX;
+		else if (get_oid(GITMODULES_HEAD, &oid) >= 0)
+			config_source.blob = GITMODULES_HEAD;
+
+		config_with_options(fn, data, &config_source, &opts);
+
 		free(file);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
index 45953f9300..2cfabb18bc 100755
--- a/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
+++ b/t/t7411-submodule-config.sh
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ test_expect_success 'error in history in fetchrecursesubmodule lets continue' '
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'reading submodules config with "submodule--helper config"' '
+test_expect_success 'reading submodules config from the working tree with "submodule--helper config"' '
 	(cd super &&
 		echo "../submodule" >expect &&
 		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url >actual &&
@@ -192,4 +192,28 @@ test_expect_success 'non-writeable .gitmodules when it is in the current branch
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reading submodules config from the index when .gitmodules is not in the working tree' '
+	ORIG=$(git -C super rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super reset --hard $ORIG" &&
+	(cd super &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url "staged_url" &&
+		git add .gitmodules &&
+		rm -f .gitmodules &&
+		echo "staged_url" >expect &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reading submodules config from the current branch when .gitmodules is not in the index' '
+	ORIG=$(git -C super rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_when_finished "git -C super reset --hard $ORIG" &&
+	(cd super &&
+		git rm .gitmodules &&
+		echo "../submodule" >expect &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh b/t/t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..908a4e6958
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7416-submodule-sparse-gitmodules.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2018  Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
+#
+
+test_description='Test reading/writing .gitmodules when not in the working tree
+
+This test verifies that, when .gitmodules is in the current branch but is not
+in the working tree reading from it still works but writing to it does not.
+
+The test setup uses a sparse checkout, however the same scenario can be set up
+also by committing .gitmodules and then just removing it from the filesystem.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'sparse checkout setup which hides .gitmodules' '
+	echo file >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m upstream &&
+	git clone . super &&
+	git clone super submodule &&
+	git clone super new_submodule &&
+	(cd super &&
+		git submodule add ../submodule &&
+		test_tick &&
+		git commit -m submodule &&
+		cat >.git/info/sparse-checkout <<-\EOF &&
+		/*
+		!/.gitmodules
+		EOF
+		git config core.sparsecheckout true &&
+		git read-tree -m -u HEAD &&
+		test_path_is_missing .gitmodules
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reading gitmodules config file when it is not checked out' '
+	(cd super &&
+		echo "../submodule" >expect &&
+		git submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not writing gitmodules config file when it is not checked out' '
+	 test_must_fail git -C super submodule--helper config submodule.submodule.url newurl
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'initialising submodule when the gitmodules config is not checked out' '
+	git -C super submodule init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing submodule summary when the gitmodules config is not checked out' '
+	git -C super submodule summary
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'updating submodule when the gitmodules config is not checked out' '
+	(cd submodule &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		git add file2 &&
+		git commit -m "add file2 to submodule"
+	) &&
+	git -C super submodule update
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'not adding submodules when the gitmodules config is not checked out' '
+	test_must_fail git -C super submodule add ../new_submodule
+'
+
+# This test checks that the previous "git submodule add" did not leave the
+# repository in a spurious state when it failed.
+test_expect_success 'init submodule still works even after the previous add failed' '
+	git -C super submodule init
+'
+
+test_done
-- 
2.18.0

Re: [PATCH v4 1/9] submodule: add a print_config_from_gitmodules() helper

[Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason]

On Fri, Aug 24 2018, Antonio Ospite wrote:

> Add a new print_config_from_gitmodules() helper function to print values
> from .gitmodules just like "git config -f .gitmodules" would.
>
> This will be used by a new submodule--helper subcommand to be able to
> access the .gitmodules file in a more controlled way.
>
> Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it>
> ---
>  submodule-config.c | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  submodule-config.h |  2 ++
>  2 files changed, 27 insertions(+)
>
> diff --git a/submodule-config.c b/submodule-config.c
> index fc2c41b947..eef96c4198 100644
> --- a/submodule-config.c
> +++ b/submodule-config.c
> @@ -682,6 +682,31 @@ void submodule_free(struct repository *r)
>  		submodule_cache_clear(r->submodule_cache);
>  }
>
> +static int config_print_callback(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb_data)
> +{
> +	char *key = cb_data;
> +
> +	if (!strcmp(key, key_))
> +		printf("%s\n", value_);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}

No problem with the code itself, but I'd find this a lot easier to read
in context if it was:

    key_ -> var
    value_ -> value
    key -> wanted_key, perhaps?

I.e. the rest of the file uses the convention of the
config_from_gitmodules callbacks getting "var" and "value",
respectively.

We don't use this convention of suffixing variables with "_" if they're
arguments to the function anywhere else.

> +int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key)
> +{
> +	int ret;
> +	char *store_key;
> +
> +	ret = git_config_parse_key(key, &store_key, NULL);
> +	if (ret < 0)
> +		return CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;

Isn't this a memory leak? I.e. we should free() and return here, no?

> +	config_from_gitmodules(config_print_callback, the_repository, store_key);
> +
> +	free(store_key);
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  struct fetch_config {
>  	int *max_children;
>  	int *recurse_submodules;
> diff --git a/submodule-config.h b/submodule-config.h
> index dc7278eea4..ed40e9a478 100644
> --- a/submodule-config.h
> +++ b/submodule-config.h
> @@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ void submodule_free(struct repository *r);
>   */
>  int check_submodule_name(const char *name);
>
> +int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key);
> +
>  /*
>   * Note: these helper functions exist solely to maintain backward
>   * compatibility with 'fetch' and 'update_clone' storing configuration in

Another style nit: Makes more sense to put this new function right
underneath "submodule_free" above, instead of under 1/2 of the functions
that have a big comment describing how they work, since that comment
doesn't apply to this new function.

Re: [PATCH v4 0/9] Make submodules work if .gitmodules is not checked out

[Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason]

On Fri, Aug 24 2018, Antonio Ospite wrote:

> this series teaches git to try and read the .gitmodules file from the
> index (:.gitmodules) and the current branch (HEAD:.gitmodules) when it
> is not readily available in the working tree.

FWIW I didn't read any of the earlier series's, and I'm not that
familiar with the submodule code, but having skimmed this all (not live
tested at all) nothing jumped out at me as an issue, I just had some
minor style / potential memory leak nits on 1/9.

Re: [PATCH v4 1/9] submodule: add a print_config_from_gitmodules() helper

[Antonio Ospite]

On Fri, 24 Aug 2018 16:32:38 +0200
Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com> wrote:

> 
> On Fri, Aug 24 2018, Antonio Ospite wrote:
[...]
> > +static int config_print_callback(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb_data)
> > +{
> > +	char *key = cb_data;
> > +
> > +	if (!strcmp(key, key_))
> > +		printf("%s\n", value_);
> > +
> > +	return 0;
> > +}
> 
> No problem with the code itself, but I'd find this a lot easier to read
> in context if it was:
> 
>     key_ -> var
>     value_ -> value
>     key -> wanted_key, perhaps?
> 
> I.e. the rest of the file uses the convention of the
> config_from_gitmodules callbacks getting "var" and "value",
> respectively.
> 
> We don't use this convention of suffixing variables with "_" if they're
> arguments to the function anywhere else.
>

I was new to git when I firstly wrote the code, I picked up the style
by copying from builtin/config.c (collect_config() and
show_all_config()) because I was focusing more on the functionality and
didn't bother to harmonize the style with the destination file.

> > +int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key)
> > +{
> > +	int ret;
> > +	char *store_key;
> > +
> > +	ret = git_config_parse_key(key, &store_key, NULL);
> > +	if (ret < 0)
> > +		return CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;
> 
> Isn't this a memory leak? I.e. we should free() and return here, no?
>

It is true that git_config_parse_key_1() allocates some storage even
for an invalid key, and uses the space to lowercase the key as the
parsing progresses, however it also frees the memory in the *error*
path.

So unless I am missing something I don't think there is a leak here.

[...]
> > diff --git a/submodule-config.h b/submodule-config.h
> > index dc7278eea4..ed40e9a478 100644
> > --- a/submodule-config.h
> > +++ b/submodule-config.h
> > @@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ void submodule_free(struct repository *r);
> >   */
> >  int check_submodule_name(const char *name);
> >
> > +int print_config_from_gitmodules(const char *key);
> > +
> >  /*
> >   * Note: these helper functions exist solely to maintain backward
> >   * compatibility with 'fetch' and 'update_clone' storing configuration in
> 
> Another style nit: Makes more sense to put this new function right
> underneath "submodule_free" above, instead of under 1/2 of the functions
> that have a big comment describing how they work, since that comment
> doesn't apply to this new function.

You are probably right, IIRC the function was firstly written before
check_submodule_name() was there. And I didn't think of moving it up
when I rebased after check_submodule_name() was added.

Your same remark may apply to the new function added in patch 02.

I'll wait for other comments to see if a v5 is really needed.

Thanks for the review Ævar.

Ciao,
   Antonio

-- 
Antonio Ospite
https://ao2.it
https://twitter.com/ao2it

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
   See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?

Re: [PATCH v4 1/9] submodule: add a print_config_from_gitmodules() helper

[Antonio Ospite]

On Fri, 24 Aug 2018 18:52:51 +0200
Antonio Ospite <ao2@ao2.it> wrote:

[...] 
> I'll wait for other comments to see if a v5 is really needed.
> 

Ping. In case someone missed v4.

Thanks,
   Antonio

-- 
Antonio Ospite
https://ao2.it
https://twitter.com/ao2it

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
   See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?