[PATCH 0/7] Make diff3 the default conflict style

[PATCH 0/7] Make diff3 the default conflict style

[Felipe Contreras]

This patch series turned out much more complicated that simply flipping
the switch and dealing with the consequences. Apparently some commands
are completely ignoring the configuration (notes and merge-tree), and
others are handling it wrong (checkout).

So in preparation I created a new test to make sure these rowdy
commands handle the configuration correctly, and then step by step I fix
them.

Once all the commands are fixed I proceed to cleanup xdiff-interface in
preparation for the switch.

And finally once the switch is flipped the documnetation is updated, and
funch of test scripts receive a temporary configuration that returns
them to the old "merge" (diff2) behavior so they pass with minimum
changes.

I have already written patches to update the tests so no configuration
is needed and they parse the diff3 style directly, but the series is
already quite verbose as it is.

One salient thorn is that from my point of view merge_recursive_config()
is implemtend wrongly and thus can't be called as other configuration
functions, like git_diff_basic_config(). It seems there's a huge area of
opportunity there to clean all that up, but that's for another series.

Felipe Contreras (7):
  test: add merge style config test
  merge-tree: fix merge.conflictstyle handling
  notes: fix merge.conflictstyle handling
  checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling
  xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3
  xdiff: simplify style assignments
  xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

 Documentation/config/merge.txt           |  12 +--
 Documentation/git-merge-file.txt         |   2 +
 Documentation/git-merge.txt              |  28 ++----
 Documentation/git-rerere.txt             |   2 +-
 Documentation/gitattributes.txt          |   6 +-
 Documentation/technical/rerere.txt       |   3 +-
 Documentation/user-manual.txt            |   6 +-
 builtin/merge-file.c                     |   5 +-
 builtin/merge-recursive.c                |   3 +
 builtin/merge-tree.c                     |   4 +
 builtin/merge.c                          |   4 +
 builtin/notes.c                          |   3 +-
 ll-merge.c                               |   3 +-
 merge-recursive.c                        |   2 +-
 sequencer.c                              |   5 +
 t/t2023-checkout-m.sh                    |   2 +
 t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh    |   2 +
 t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh            |   2 +
 t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh            |   2 +
 t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh          |   2 +
 t/t4017-diff-retval.sh                   |   2 +
 t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh          |   2 +
 t/t4200-rerere.sh                        |   2 +
 t/t4300-merge-tree.sh                    |   2 +
 t/t6402-merge-rename.sh                  |   2 +
 t/t6403-merge-file.sh                    |   2 +
 t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh               |   2 +
 t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh        |   2 +
 t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh             |   2 +
 t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh               |   2 +
 t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh     |   2 +
 t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh      |   1 +
 t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh        |   1 +
 t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh |   2 +
 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh       | 123 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/t7201-co.sh                            |   2 +
 t/t7506-status-submodule.sh              |   1 +
 xdiff-interface.c                        |   6 +-
 xdiff/xdiff.h                            |   3 +-
 xdiff/xmerge.c                           |   4 +-
 40 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh

-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

[PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Felipe Contreras]

We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
file is the best place to do that.

Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
---
 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh

diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6952552c58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='merge style conflict markers configurations'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+fill () {
+	for i
+	do
+		echo "$i"
+	done
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'merge' '
+	test_create_repo merge &&
+	(
+		cd merge &&
+
+		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
+		git add content &&
+		git commit -m base &&
+
+		git checkout -b r &&
+		echo six >>content &&
+		git commit -a -m right &&
+
+		git checkout master &&
+		echo 7 >>content &&
+		git commit -a -m left &&
+
+		test_must_fail git merge r &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
+
+		git reset --hard &&
+		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge r &&
+		grep -E "\|+" content &&
+
+		git reset --hard &&
+		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=merge merge r &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" content
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

[PATCH 2/7] merge-tree: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Felipe Contreras]

Currently it's completely ignored.

Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
---
 builtin/merge-tree.c               |  4 ++++
 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 25 insertions(+)

diff --git a/builtin/merge-tree.c b/builtin/merge-tree.c
index de8520778d..7d677bd75c 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-tree.c
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "merge-blobs.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
 
@@ -378,6 +380,8 @@ int cmd_merge_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (argc != 4)
 		usage(merge_tree_usage);
 
+	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
+
 	buf1 = get_tree_descriptor(r, t+0, argv[1]);
 	buf2 = get_tree_descriptor(r, t+1, argv[2]);
 	buf3 = get_tree_descriptor(r, t+2, argv[3]);
diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
index 6952552c58..978f4e3e70 100755
--- a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
+++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
@@ -41,4 +41,25 @@ test_expect_success 'merge' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge-tree' '
+	test_create_repo merge-tree &&
+	(
+		cd merge-tree &&
+
+		test_commit initial initial-file initial &&
+		test_commit r content r &&
+		git reset --hard initial &&
+		test_commit l content l &&
+
+		git merge-tree initial r l >actual &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" actual &&
+
+		git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge-tree initial r l >actual &&
+		grep -E "\|+" actual &&
+
+		git -c merge.conflictstyle=merge merge-tree initial r l >actual &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

[PATCH 3/7] notes: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Felipe Contreras]

Currently it's completely ignored.

Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
---
 builtin/notes.c                    |  3 ++-
 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 29 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/builtin/notes.c b/builtin/notes.c
index 74bba39ca8..a333cc68ec 100644
--- a/builtin/notes.c
+++ b/builtin/notes.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "notes-merge.h"
 #include "notes-utils.h"
 #include "worktree.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 static const char * const git_notes_usage[] = {
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes-ref>] [list [<object>]]"),
@@ -1000,7 +1001,7 @@ int cmd_notes(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_notes_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
 
diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
index 978f4e3e70..44f79ac91b 100755
--- a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
+++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
@@ -62,4 +62,31 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-tree' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'notes' '
+	test_create_repo notes &&
+	(
+		test_commit initial &&
+
+		git -c core.notesRef=refs/notes/b notes add -m b initial &&
+
+		git update-ref refs/notes/r refs/notes/b &&
+		git -c core.notesRef=refs/notes/r notes add -f -m r initial &&
+
+		git update-ref refs/notes/l refs/notes/b &&
+		git config core.notesRef refs/notes/l &&
+		git notes add -f -m l initial &&
+
+		test_must_fail git notes merge r &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/* &&
+
+		git notes merge --abort &&
+		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 notes merge r &&
+		grep -E "\|+" .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/* &&
+
+		git notes merge --abort &&
+		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=merge notes merge r &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/*
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

[PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Felipe Contreras]

Currently both merge.conflictStyle and `git commit --merge
--conflict=diff3` don't work together, since the former wrongly
overrides the later.

The way merge configurations are handled is not correct.
It should be possible to do git_config(merge_recursive_config, ...) just
like we can with git_diff_basic_config and others.

Therefore builtins like `git merge` can't call this function at the
right time.

We shuffle the functions a little bit so at least merge_recursive_config
doesn't call git_xmerge_config directly and thus override previous
configurations.

Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
---
 builtin/merge-recursive.c          |  3 +++
 builtin/merge.c                    |  4 ++++
 merge-recursive.c                  |  2 +-
 sequencer.c                        |  5 +++++
 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/builtin/merge-recursive.c b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
index a4bfd8fc51..80f9279b4c 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "merge-recursive.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "config.h"
 
 static const char builtin_merge_recursive_usage[] =
 	"git %s <base>... -- <head> <remote> ...";
@@ -30,6 +31,8 @@ int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	char *better1, *better2;
 	struct commit *result;
 
+	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
+
 	init_merge_options(&o, the_repository);
 	if (argv[0] && ends_with(argv[0], "-subtree"))
 		o.subtree_shift = "";
diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index eddb8ae70d..7aa3dbb111 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include "commit-reach.h"
 #include "wt-status.h"
 #include "commit-graph.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 #define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
 #define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
@@ -659,6 +660,9 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 	if (status)
 		return status;
 	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+	status = git_xmerge_config(k, v, NULL);
 	if (status)
 		return status;
 	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index d146bb116f..10e6e1e4d1 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -3845,7 +3845,7 @@ static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *opt)
 		} /* avoid erroring on values from future versions of git */
 		free(value);
 	}
-	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 }
 
 void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *opt,
diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
index 0bec01cf38..9e2bdca0f6 100644
--- a/sequencer.c
+++ b/sequencer.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "commit-reach.h"
 #include "rebase-interactive.h"
 #include "reset.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 #define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
 
@@ -224,6 +225,10 @@ static int git_sequencer_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 	if (status)
 		return status;
 
+	status = git_xmerge_config(k, v, NULL);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+
 	return git_diff_basic_config(k, v, NULL);
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
index 44f79ac91b..485ad0eee0 100755
--- a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
+++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
@@ -89,4 +89,35 @@ test_expect_success 'notes' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checkout' '
+	test_create_repo checkout &&
+	(
+		test_commit checkout &&
+
+		fill a b c d e >content &&
+		git add content &&
+		git commit -m initial &&
+
+		git checkout -b simple master &&
+		fill a c e >content &&
+		git commit -a -m simple &&
+
+		fill b d >content &&
+		git checkout --merge master &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
+
+		git config merge.conflictstyle merge &&
+
+		git checkout -f simple &&
+		fill b d >content &&
+		git checkout --merge --conflict=diff3 master &&
+		grep -E "\|+" content &&
+
+		git checkout -f simple &&
+		fill b d >content &&
+		git checkout --merge --conflict=merge master &&
+		! grep -E "\|+" content
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

[PATCH 5/7] xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3

[Felipe Contreras]

If we don't specify we are talking about a style, XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL
could be confused with a valid value instead of XDL_MERGE_DIFF3, which
it isn't.

Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
---
 builtin/merge-file.c | 2 +-
 xdiff-interface.c    | 2 +-
 xdiff/xdiff.h        | 2 +-
 xdiff/xmerge.c       | 4 ++--
 4 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/builtin/merge-file.c b/builtin/merge-file.c
index 06a2f90c48..a4097a596f 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-file.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-file.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	int quiet = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOL('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, N_("send results to standard output")),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a diff3 based merge"), XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a diff3 based merge"), XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "ours", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use our version"),
 			    XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "theirs", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use their version"),
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index 609615db2c..64e2c4e301 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		if (!value)
 			die("'%s' is not a boolean", var);
 		if (!strcmp(value, "diff3"))
-			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_DIFF3;
+			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
 			git_xmerge_style = 0;
 		/*
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
index 7a04605146..45883f5eb3 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION 3
 
 /* merge output styles */
-#define XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 1
+#define XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3 1
 
 typedef struct s_mmfile {
 	char *ptr;
diff --git a/xdiff/xmerge.c b/xdiff/xmerge.c
index 1659edb453..f6916a4ba4 100644
--- a/xdiff/xmerge.c
+++ b/xdiff/xmerge.c
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, needs_cr, 1,
 			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 
-	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
+	if (style == XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3) {
 		/* Shared preimage */
 		if (!dest) {
 			size += marker_size + 1 + needs_cr + marker3_size;
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1,
 	int style = xmp->style;
 	int favor = xmp->favor;
 
-	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
+	if (style == XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3) {
 		/*
 		 * "diff3 -m" output does not make sense for anything
 		 * more aggressive than XDL_MERGE_EAGER.
-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

[PATCH 6/7] xdiff: simplify style assignments

[Felipe Contreras]

There is little value in checking that git_xmerge_style isn't 0 before
changing it's default value.

Most of the time it isn't 0 anyway, so just assign the value directly.

Also, add the missing constant for the default value: XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE.

Additionally this change has the benefit that it gets rid of a Yoda
condition.

No functional changes.

Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
---
 builtin/merge-file.c | 3 +--
 ll-merge.c           | 3 +--
 xdiff-interface.c    | 4 ++--
 xdiff/xdiff.h        | 1 +
 4 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/builtin/merge-file.c b/builtin/merge-file.c
index a4097a596f..01951762ec 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-file.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-file.c
@@ -55,8 +55,7 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (startup_info->have_repository) {
 		/* Read the configuration file */
 		git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
-		if (0 <= git_xmerge_style)
-			xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
+		xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
 	}
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, merge_file_usage, 0);
diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index 9a8a2c365c..4ce8d3f9cc 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -124,8 +124,7 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 	xmp.level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS;
 	xmp.favor = opts->variant;
 	xmp.xpp.flags = opts->xdl_opts;
-	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0)
-		xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
+	xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
 	if (marker_size > 0)
 		xmp.marker_size = marker_size;
 	xmp.ancestor = orig_name;
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index 64e2c4e301..19a030fbe2 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ int xdiff_compare_lines(const char *l1, long s1,
 	return xdl_recmatch(l1, s1, l2, s2, flags);
 }
 
-int git_xmerge_style = -1;
+int git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE;
 
 int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 		if (!strcmp(value, "diff3"))
 			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
-			git_xmerge_style = 0;
+			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE;
 		/*
 		 * Please update _git_checkout() in
 		 * git-completion.bash when you add new merge config
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
index 45883f5eb3..d24cd9f6ae 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION 3
 
 /* merge output styles */
+#define XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE 0
 #define XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3 1
 
 typedef struct s_mmfile {
-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

[PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.

Let's make it the default.

This generates a ton of changes in the tests. Although we probably will
want to update them to use th new default, override the configuration so
we use the old one for now.

Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
---
 Documentation/config/merge.txt           | 12 +++++-----
 Documentation/git-merge-file.txt         |  2 ++
 Documentation/git-merge.txt              | 28 +++++++-----------------
 Documentation/git-rerere.txt             |  2 +-
 Documentation/gitattributes.txt          |  6 ++---
 Documentation/technical/rerere.txt       |  3 +--
 Documentation/user-manual.txt            |  6 ++++-
 t/t2023-checkout-m.sh                    |  2 ++
 t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh    |  2 ++
 t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh            |  2 ++
 t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh            |  2 ++
 t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh          |  2 ++
 t/t4017-diff-retval.sh                   |  2 ++
 t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh          |  2 ++
 t/t4200-rerere.sh                        |  2 ++
 t/t4300-merge-tree.sh                    |  2 ++
 t/t6402-merge-rename.sh                  |  2 ++
 t/t6403-merge-file.sh                    |  2 ++
 t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh               |  2 ++
 t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh        |  2 ++
 t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh             |  2 ++
 t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh               |  2 ++
 t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh     |  2 ++
 t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh      |  1 +
 t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh        |  1 +
 t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh |  2 ++
 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh       |  8 +++----
 t/t7201-co.sh                            |  2 ++
 t/t7506-status-submodule.sh              |  1 +
 xdiff-interface.c                        |  2 +-
 30 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/config/merge.txt b/Documentation/config/merge.txt
index cb2ed58907..2dba937dd0 100644
--- a/Documentation/config/merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config/merge.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 merge.conflictStyle::
-	Specify the style in which conflicted hunks are written out to
-	working tree files upon merge.  The default is "merge", which
-	shows a `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, changes made by one side,
-	a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and then
-	a `>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||`
-	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.
+	Specify the style in which conflicted hunks are written out to working
+	tree files upon merge. The default is "diff3", which shows a `<<<<<<<`
+	conflict marker, changes made by one side, a `|||||||` marker, the
+	original text, a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and
+	then a `>>>>>>>` marker. A simpler mode "merge" omits the `|||||||`
+	marker and the original text.
 
 merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	If merge is called without any commit argument, merge the upstream
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
index f856032613..7d8e74c872 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ normally outputs a warning and brackets the conflict with lines containing
 
 	<<<<<<< A
 	lines in file A
+	|||||||
+	lines in merge base
 	=======
 	lines in file B
 	>>>>>>> B
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index 3819fadac1..14dadf2e16 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ final result verbatim.  When both sides made changes to the same area,
 however, Git cannot randomly pick one side over the other, and asks you to
 resolve it by leaving what both sides did to that area.
 
-By default, Git uses the same style as the one used by the "merge" program
+By default, Git uses a similar style to the one used by the "merge" program
 from the RCS suite to present such a conflicted hunk, like this:
 
 ------------
@@ -242,6 +242,8 @@ ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
 <<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
 Conflict resolution is hard;
 let's go shopping.
+|||||||
+Originally there's no conflict.
 =======
 Git makes conflict resolution easy.
 >>>>>>> theirs:sample.txt
@@ -249,17 +251,12 @@ And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
 ------------
 
 The area where a pair of conflicting changes happened is marked with markers
-`<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>`.  The part before the `=======`
-is typically your side, and the part afterwards is typically their side.
-
-The default format does not show what the original said in the conflicting
-area.  You cannot tell how many lines are deleted and replaced with
-Barbie's remark on your side.  The only thing you can tell is that your
-side wants to say it is hard and you'd prefer to go shopping, while the
-other side wants to claim it is easy.
+`<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>`.  The part before the `|||||||`
+is typically your side, and the part after `=======` is typically their side.
+In-between is the original code.
 
-An alternative style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictStyle"
-configuration variable to "diff3".  In "diff3" style, the above conflict
+An more basic style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictStyle"
+configuration variable to "merge".  In "merge" style, the above conflict
 may look like this:
 
 ------------
@@ -268,21 +265,12 @@ ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
 <<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
 Conflict resolution is hard;
 let's go shopping.
-|||||||
-Conflict resolution is hard.
 =======
 Git makes conflict resolution easy.
 >>>>>>> theirs:sample.txt
 And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
 ------------
 
-In addition to the `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` markers, it uses
-another `|||||||` marker that is followed by the original text.  You can
-tell that the original just stated a fact, and your side simply gave in to
-that statement and gave up, while the other side tried to have a more
-positive attitude.  You can sometimes come up with a better resolution by
-viewing the original.
-
 
 HOW TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS
 ------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
index 4cfc883378..89b0820995 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ resolve.
 
 Running the 'git rerere' command immediately after a conflicted
 automerge records the conflicted working tree files, with the
-usual conflict markers `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` in
+usual conflict markers `<<<<<<<`, `|||||||`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` in
 them.  Later, after you are done resolving the conflicts,
 running 'git rerere' again will record the resolved state of these
 files.  Suppose you did this when you created the test merge of
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index 83fd4e19a4..b767215ac2 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -1042,10 +1042,10 @@ text::
 
 	Usual 3-way file level merge for text files.  Conflicted
 	regions are marked with conflict markers `<<<<<<<`,
-	`=======` and `>>>>>>>`.  The version from your branch
-	appears before the `=======` marker, and the version
+	`|||||||`, `=======` and `>>>>>>>`.  The version from your branch
+	appears before the `|||||||` marker, and the version
 	from the merged branch appears after the `=======`
-	marker.
+	marker. In-between is the original.
 
 binary::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt b/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt
index af5f9fc24f..38b44f4430 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt
@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ get a conflict like the following:
     >>>>>>> AC
 
 Doing the analogous with AC2 (forking a branch ABAC2 off of branch AB
-and then merging branch AC2 into it), using the diff3 conflict style,
-we get a conflict like the following:
+and then merging branch AC2 into it), we get a conflict like the following:
 
     <<<<<<< HEAD
     B
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index f9e54b8674..3ddde87482 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -1243,6 +1243,8 @@ files with conflicts will have conflict markers added, like this:
 -------------------------------------------------
 <<<<<<< HEAD:file.txt
 Hello world
+|||||||
+Original
 =======
 Goodbye
 >>>>>>> 77976da35a11db4580b80ae27e8d65caf5208086:file.txt
@@ -1276,9 +1278,11 @@ diff --cc file.txt
 index 802992c,2b60207..0000000
 --- a/file.txt
 +++ b/file.txt
-@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,5 @@@
+@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,7 @@@
 ++<<<<<<< HEAD:file.txt
  +Hello world
+++|||||||
+++Original
 ++=======
 + Goodbye
 ++>>>>>>> 77976da35a11db4580b80ae27e8d65caf5208086:file.txt
diff --git a/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh b/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
index 7b327b7544..219c82532a 100755
--- a/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
+++ b/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	test_tick &&
 	test_commit both.txt both.txt initial &&
diff --git a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
index d3d72e25fe..cbd5d8302e 100755
--- a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
+++ b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ test_description='Test notes merging with manual conflict resolution'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 # Set up a notes merge scenario with different kinds of conflicts
 test_expect_success 'setup commits' '
 	test_commit 1st &&
diff --git a/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh b/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
index 5b675417e9..4aeaa05c15 100755
--- a/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
+++ b/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ test_description='Test notes merging at various fanout levels'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 verify_notes () {
 	notes_ref="$1"
 	commit="$2"
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index 66bcbbf952..769079a71c 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	git switch -C primary &&
 	test_commit A file1 &&
diff --git a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
index 014001b8f3..647a40f314 100755
--- a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
+++ b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
@@ -281,6 +281,7 @@ test_expect_success \
 
 test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick describes conflict in work tree' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
+	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
 	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
 	<<<<<<< HEAD
 	a
@@ -316,6 +317,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff3 -m style' '
 
 test_expect_success 'revert also handles conflicts sanely' '
 	git config --unset merge.conflictstyle &&
+	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
 	pristine_detach initial &&
 	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
 	<<<<<<< HEAD
diff --git a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
index ed461f481e..04b77af2a4 100755
--- a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
+++ b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo "1 " >a &&
 	git add . &&
diff --git a/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh b/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh
index 0260cf64f5..49a56731dd 100755
--- a/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success 'setup binary merge conflict' '
 	echo oneQ1 | q_to_nul >binary &&
 	git add binary &&
diff --git a/t/t4200-rerere.sh b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
index 9f8c76dffb..e9ae3d6fde 100755
--- a/t/t4200-rerere.sh
+++ b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	cat >a1 <<-\EOF &&
 	Some title
diff --git a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
index e59601e5fe..f21ccaf0a6 100755
--- a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 test_description='git merge-tree'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	test_commit "initial" "initial-file" "initial"
 '
diff --git a/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh b/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh
index 425dad97d5..4f01bbc451 100755
--- a/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh
@@ -270,6 +270,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup for rename + d/f conflicts' '
 	git checkout --orphan dir-in-way &&
 	git rm -rf . &&
 	git clean -fdqx &&
+	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
 
 	mkdir sub &&
 	mkdir dir &&
@@ -871,6 +872,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup for use of extended merge markers' '
 	git clean -fdqx &&
 	rm -rf .git &&
 	git init &&
+	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
 
 	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n" >original_file &&
 	git add original_file &&
diff --git a/t/t6403-merge-file.sh b/t/t6403-merge-file.sh
index 2f421d967a..1428dfb5c6 100755
--- a/t/t6403-merge-file.sh
+++ b/t/t6403-merge-file.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 test_description='RCS merge replacement: merge-file'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	cat >orig.txt <<-\EOF &&
 	Dominus regit me,
diff --git a/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh b/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh
index eaf48e941e..a3354b8f9a 100755
--- a/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 # This scenario is based on a real-world repository of Shawn Pearce.
 
 # 1 - A - D - F
diff --git a/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh
index 84f5082366..ac4e69a325 100755
--- a/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
 
+git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 #
 #  L1  L2
 #   o---o
diff --git a/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh b/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh
index ac9aee9a66..b8208a383b 100755
--- a/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh
+++ b/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
 	do
diff --git a/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh b/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh
index 1e0296dd17..e18f67776c 100755
--- a/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh
+++ b/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_have_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR && SED_OPTIONS=-b
 
 compare_files () {
diff --git a/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
index bf4ce3c63d..6bb4b6d968 100755
--- a/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
 
+git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_setup_rename_delete_untracked () {
 	test_create_repo rename-delete-untracked &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh b/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh
index 7134769149..5f6cacd064 100755
--- a/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh
+++ b/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ test_description="recursive merge with directory renames"
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
 
+git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
 
 ###########################################################################
 # SECTION 1: Basic cases we should be able to handle
diff --git a/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh b/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh
index 7e8bf497f8..18975801db 100755
--- a/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh
+++ b/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ test_description="merge cases"
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
 
+git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
 
 # Testcase basic, conflicting changes in 'numerals'
 
diff --git a/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh b/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
index db4b77e63d..5cfe8a4fbd 100755
--- a/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
+++ b/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_have_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR && SED_OPTIONS=-b
 if test_have_prereq GREP_STRIPS_CR
 then
diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
index 485ad0eee0..ae0bab37ad 100755
--- a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
+++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge' '
 		git commit -a -m left &&
 
 		test_must_fail git merge r &&
-		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
+		grep -E "\|+" content &&
 
 		git reset --hard &&
 		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge r &&
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-tree' '
 		test_commit l content l &&
 
 		git merge-tree initial r l >actual &&
-		! grep -E "\|+" actual &&
+		grep -E "\|+" actual &&
 
 		git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge-tree initial r l >actual &&
 		grep -E "\|+" actual &&
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ test_expect_success 'notes' '
 		git notes add -f -m l initial &&
 
 		test_must_fail git notes merge r &&
-		! grep -E "\|+" .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/* &&
+		grep -E "\|+" .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/* &&
 
 		git notes merge --abort &&
 		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 notes merge r &&
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout' '
 
 		fill b d >content &&
 		git checkout --merge master &&
-		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
+		grep -E "\|+" content &&
 
 		git config merge.conflictstyle merge &&
 
diff --git a/t/t7201-co.sh b/t/t7201-co.sh
index 7f6e23a4bb..11444d5360 100755
--- a/t/t7201-co.sh
+++ b/t/t7201-co.sh
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
+
 test_tick
 
 fill () {
diff --git a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
index 3fcb44767f..90449e80c3 100755
--- a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status with merge conflict in .gitmodules' '
 	test_create_repo_with_commit sub2 &&
 	(
 		cd super &&
+		git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
 		prev=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 		git checkout -b add_sub1 &&
 		git submodule add ../sub1 &&
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index 19a030fbe2..1447771724 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ int xdiff_compare_lines(const char *l1, long s1,
 	return xdl_recmatch(l1, s1, l2, s2, flags);
 }
 
-int git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE;
+int git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3;
 
 int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-- 
2.32.0.2.g41be0a4e50

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Eric Sunshine]

On Wed, Jun 9, 2021 at 3:29 PM Felipe Contreras
<felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
> We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
> file is the best place to do that.
>
> Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> ---
> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
> +fill () {
> +       for i
> +       do
> +               echo "$i"
> +       done
> +}

This seems to duplicate the behavior of test_write_lines()...

> +test_expect_success 'merge' '
> +       test_create_repo merge &&
> +       (
> +               cd merge &&
> +               fill 1 2 3 >content &&

... which could be used here instead:

    test_write_lines 1 2 3 >content &&

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Felipe Contreras]

Eric Sunshine wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 9, 2021 at 3:29 PM Felipe Contreras
> <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
> > We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
> > file is the best place to do that.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> > ---
> > diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> > @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
> > +fill () {
> > +       for i
> > +       do
> > +               echo "$i"
> > +       done
> > +}
> 
> This seems to duplicate the behavior of test_write_lines()...

Right, I'll update the patch.

The above function is used in:

  t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
  t7201-co.sh

So those two probably should be updated.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Johannes Sixt]

Am 09.06.21 um 21:28 schrieb Felipe Contreras:
> Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.
> 
> Let's make it the default.

I tested diff3 style the VERY FIRST TIME the other day and was greated
with the below. Needless to say that this change is a no-go from my POV.

Without diff3:

<<<<<<< HEAD
    CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
    void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
        double& minDist, double& maxDist) const;
    double EstimateNodeDist2() const override;
    std::vector<double> EstimateNeighborMinDist() const override;
=======
    CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent,
        const CDoubleArray& compWeights, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
    static void ComputeDist(const CNetNodeHolder& vecs, CDoubleArray& dist,
        double& minDist, double& maxDist);
>>>>>>> no-compweights-in-cnet 

With diff3:

<<<<<<< HEAD
    CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
    void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
        double& minDist, double& maxDist) const;
    double EstimateNodeDist2() const override;
    std::vector<double> EstimateNeighborMinDist() const override;
||||||| merged common ancestors
<<<<<<<<< Temporary merge branch 1
    CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
    void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
        double& minDist, double& maxDist) const;
    virtual void ComputeKNearest(int K, const double*,
        Neighborhood& result) const;
||||||||| d261d9944
    CClustering ComputeClusters(const double* dist, double threshold,
        const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
    virtual void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
        double& minDist, double& maxDist);
    virtual void ComputeUMatrix();
    virtual void ComputeKNearest(int K, const double*,
        Neighborhood& result) const;
=========
    CClustering ComputeClusters(const double* dist, double threshold,
        const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
    virtual void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
        double& minDist, double& maxDist);
    virtual void ComputeUMatrix();
=======
    CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent,
        const CDoubleArray& compWeights, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
    static void ComputeDist(const CNetNodeHolder& vecs, CDoubleArray& dist,
        double& minDist, double& maxDist);
>>>>>>> no-compweights-in-cnet 

-- Hannes

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Đoàn Trần Công Danh]

On 2021-06-10 08:41:21+0200, Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> wrote:
> Am 09.06.21 um 21:28 schrieb Felipe Contreras:
> > Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> > teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.
> > 
> > Let's make it the default.
> 
> I tested diff3 style the VERY FIRST TIME the other day and was greated
> with the below. Needless to say that this change is a no-go from my POV.

I agree, despite using 3-way merging (with external tools) to resolve conflicts.

I prefer the current conflict style, aka no-diff3 conflict style.

-- Danh
> 
> Without diff3:
> 
> <<<<<<< HEAD
>     CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
>     void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
>         double& minDist, double& maxDist) const;
>     double EstimateNodeDist2() const override;
>     std::vector<double> EstimateNeighborMinDist() const override;
> =======
>     CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent,
>         const CDoubleArray& compWeights, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
>     static void ComputeDist(const CNetNodeHolder& vecs, CDoubleArray& dist,
>         double& minDist, double& maxDist);
> >>>>>>> no-compweights-in-cnet 
> 
> With diff3:
> 
> <<<<<<< HEAD
>     CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
>     void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
>         double& minDist, double& maxDist) const;
>     double EstimateNodeDist2() const override;
>     std::vector<double> EstimateNeighborMinDist() const override;
> ||||||| merged common ancestors
> <<<<<<<<< Temporary merge branch 1
>     CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
>     void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
>         double& minDist, double& maxDist) const;
>     virtual void ComputeKNearest(int K, const double*,
>         Neighborhood& result) const;
> ||||||||| d261d9944
>     CClustering ComputeClusters(const double* dist, double threshold,
>         const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
>     virtual void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
>         double& minDist, double& maxDist);
>     virtual void ComputeUMatrix();
>     virtual void ComputeKNearest(int K, const double*,
>         Neighborhood& result) const;
> =========
>     CClustering ComputeClusters(const double* dist, double threshold,
>         const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
>     virtual void ComputeDist(DistFunc distFunc, CDoubleArray& dist,
>         double& minDist, double& maxDist);
>     virtual void ComputeUMatrix();
> =======
>     CClustering ComputeSSLClusters(double threshPercent,
>         const CDoubleArray& compWeights, const CDataInfo* scale) const override;
>     static void ComputeDist(const CNetNodeHolder& vecs, CDoubleArray& dist,
>         double& minDist, double& maxDist);
> >>>>>>> no-compweights-in-cnet 
> 
> -- Hannes

-- 
Danh

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Phillip Wood]

On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
> file is the best place to do that.

I'm not sure what this particular tests adds over the existing ones in 
t6427-diff3-conflict-markers.sh. The commit message does not explain why 
a new file is better than adding this test to that file. There are 
already diff3 tests for checkout so it ends up being confusing when a 
checkout test gets added to this file rather than with those tests later 
in the series because there is no longer a single location for diff3 
checkout tests.

> Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> ---
>   t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>   1 file changed, 44 insertions(+)
>   create mode 100755 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> 
> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> new file mode 100755
> index 0000000000..6952552c58
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
> +#!/bin/sh
> +
> +test_description='merge style conflict markers configurations'
> +
> +. ./test-lib.sh
> +
> +fill () {
> +	for i
> +	do
> +		echo "$i"
> +	done
> +}
> +
> +test_expect_success 'merge' '
> +	test_create_repo merge &&
> +	(
> +		cd merge &&
> +
> +		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
> +		git add content &&
> +		git commit -m base &&
> +
> +		git checkout -b r &&
> +		echo six >>content &&
> +		git commit -a -m right &&
> +
> +		git checkout master &&
> +		echo 7 >>content &&
> +		git commit -a -m left &&
> +
> +		test_must_fail git merge r &&
> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&

! grep "|"  would be simpler and just as effective. This is quite a weak 
test, something like "^|||||| " would be a stronger test for conflict 
markers

Best Wishes

Phillip

> +		git reset --hard &&
> +		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge r &&
> +		grep -E "\|+" content &&
> +
> +		git reset --hard &&
> +		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=merge merge r &&
> +		! grep -E "\|+" content
> +	)
> +'
> +
> +test_done
> 

Re: [PATCH 5/7] xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3

[Phillip Wood]

On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:

The subject would make more sense as 'xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 to 
XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3' rather than using the new name of the constant alone.

> If we don't specify we are talking about a style, XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL
> could be confused with a valid value instead of XDL_MERGE_DIFF3, which
> it isn't.

I don't object to the rename but what is the source of the confusion 
with XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL?

Best Wishes

Phillip

> Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> ---
>   builtin/merge-file.c | 2 +-
>   xdiff-interface.c    | 2 +-
>   xdiff/xdiff.h        | 2 +-
>   xdiff/xmerge.c       | 4 ++--
>   4 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/builtin/merge-file.c b/builtin/merge-file.c
> index 06a2f90c48..a4097a596f 100644
> --- a/builtin/merge-file.c
> +++ b/builtin/merge-file.c
> @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
>   	int quiet = 0;
>   	struct option options[] = {
>   		OPT_BOOL('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, N_("send results to standard output")),
> -		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a diff3 based merge"), XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
> +		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a diff3 based merge"), XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3),
>   		OPT_SET_INT(0, "ours", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use our version"),
>   			    XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS),
>   		OPT_SET_INT(0, "theirs", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use their version"),
> diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
> index 609615db2c..64e2c4e301 100644
> --- a/xdiff-interface.c
> +++ b/xdiff-interface.c
> @@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
>   		if (!value)
>   			die("'%s' is not a boolean", var);
>   		if (!strcmp(value, "diff3"))
> -			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_DIFF3;
> +			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3;
>   		else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
>   			git_xmerge_style = 0;
>   		/*
> diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
> index 7a04605146..45883f5eb3 100644
> --- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
> +++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
> @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ extern "C" {
>   #define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION 3
>   
>   /* merge output styles */
> -#define XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 1
> +#define XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3 1
>   
>   typedef struct s_mmfile {
>   	char *ptr;
> diff --git a/xdiff/xmerge.c b/xdiff/xmerge.c
> index 1659edb453..f6916a4ba4 100644
> --- a/xdiff/xmerge.c
> +++ b/xdiff/xmerge.c
> @@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ static int fill_conflict_hunk(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
>   	size += xdl_recs_copy(xe1, m->i1, m->chg1, needs_cr, 1,
>   			      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
>   
> -	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
> +	if (style == XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3) {
>   		/* Shared preimage */
>   		if (!dest) {
>   			size += marker_size + 1 + needs_cr + marker3_size;
> @@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ static int xdl_do_merge(xdfenv_t *xe1, xdchange_t *xscr1,
>   	int style = xmp->style;
>   	int favor = xmp->favor;
>   
> -	if (style == XDL_MERGE_DIFF3) {
> +	if (style == XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3) {
>   		/*
>   		 * "diff3 -m" output does not make sense for anything
>   		 * more aggressive than XDL_MERGE_EAGER.
> 

Re: [PATCH 6/7] xdiff: simplify style assignments

[Phillip Wood]

On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:

I don't find the commit message explains this change very well

> There is little value in checking that git_xmerge_style isn't 0 before
> changing it's default value.

I think the check is actually that git_xmerge_style isn't -1. Why is 
there little value in the check?

> Most of the time it isn't 0 anyway, so just assign the value directly.

Why to the times when it is zero (or -1) not matter?

> Also, add the missing constant for the default value: XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE.
> 
> Additionally this change has the benefit that it gets rid of a Yoda
> condition.
> 
> No functional changes.

I think that is probably correct but it would be helpful if the commit 
message offered a bit more explanation.

Best Wishes

Phillip

> 
> Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> ---
>   builtin/merge-file.c | 3 +--
>   ll-merge.c           | 3 +--
>   xdiff-interface.c    | 4 ++--
>   xdiff/xdiff.h        | 1 +
>   4 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/builtin/merge-file.c b/builtin/merge-file.c
> index a4097a596f..01951762ec 100644
> --- a/builtin/merge-file.c
> +++ b/builtin/merge-file.c
> @@ -55,8 +55,7 @@ int cmd_merge_file(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
>   	if (startup_info->have_repository) {
>   		/* Read the configuration file */
>   		git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
> -		if (0 <= git_xmerge_style)
> -			xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
> +		xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
>   	}
>   
>   	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, merge_file_usage, 0);
> diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
> index 9a8a2c365c..4ce8d3f9cc 100644
> --- a/ll-merge.c
> +++ b/ll-merge.c
> @@ -124,8 +124,7 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
>   	xmp.level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS;
>   	xmp.favor = opts->variant;
>   	xmp.xpp.flags = opts->xdl_opts;
> -	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0)
> -		xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
> +	xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
>   	if (marker_size > 0)
>   		xmp.marker_size = marker_size;
>   	xmp.ancestor = orig_name;
> diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
> index 64e2c4e301..19a030fbe2 100644
> --- a/xdiff-interface.c
> +++ b/xdiff-interface.c
> @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ int xdiff_compare_lines(const char *l1, long s1,
>   	return xdl_recmatch(l1, s1, l2, s2, flags);
>   }
>   
> -int git_xmerge_style = -1;
> +int git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE;
>   
>   int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
>   {
> @@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
>   		if (!strcmp(value, "diff3"))
>   			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3;
>   		else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
> -			git_xmerge_style = 0;
> +			git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE;
>   		/*
>   		 * Please update _git_checkout() in
>   		 * git-completion.bash when you add new merge config
> diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
> index 45883f5eb3..d24cd9f6ae 100644
> --- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
> +++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
> @@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ extern "C" {
>   #define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION 3
>   
>   /* merge output styles */
> +#define XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE 0
>   #define XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3 1
>   
>   typedef struct s_mmfile {
> 

Re: [PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Phillip Wood]

On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> Currently both merge.conflictStyle and `git commit --merge
> --conflict=diff3` don't work together, since the former wrongly
> overrides the later.
> 
> The way merge configurations are handled is not correct.
> It should be possible to do git_config(merge_recursive_config, ...) just
> like we can with git_diff_basic_config and others.

It would be helpful to explain what the problem with 
merge_recursive_config() actually is rather than just saying "it should 
be possible ..."

> Therefore builtins like `git merge` can't call this function at the
> right time.
 >
> We shuffle the functions a little bit so at least merge_recursive_config
> doesn't call git_xmerge_config directly and thus override previous
> configurations.

Rather than papering of the problem, how difficult would it be to add a 
field to ll_merge_options and pass the conflict style with that rather 
than fiddling with the order that we set a global variable.

Does this change affect 'am/apply -3'? - Do they still read the config 
setting properly?

Best Wishes

Phillip

> Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> ---
>   builtin/merge-recursive.c          |  3 +++
>   builtin/merge.c                    |  4 ++++
>   merge-recursive.c                  |  2 +-
>   sequencer.c                        |  5 +++++
>   t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh | 31 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>   5 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> diff --git a/builtin/merge-recursive.c b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
> index a4bfd8fc51..80f9279b4c 100644
> --- a/builtin/merge-recursive.c
> +++ b/builtin/merge-recursive.c
> @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
>   #include "tag.h"
>   #include "merge-recursive.h"
>   #include "xdiff-interface.h"
> +#include "config.h"
>   
>   static const char builtin_merge_recursive_usage[] =
>   	"git %s <base>... -- <head> <remote> ...";
> @@ -30,6 +31,8 @@ int cmd_merge_recursive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
>   	char *better1, *better2;
>   	struct commit *result;
>   
> +	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
> +
>   	init_merge_options(&o, the_repository);
>   	if (argv[0] && ends_with(argv[0], "-subtree"))
>   		o.subtree_shift = "";
> diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
> index eddb8ae70d..7aa3dbb111 100644
> --- a/builtin/merge.c
> +++ b/builtin/merge.c
> @@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
>   #include "commit-reach.h"
>   #include "wt-status.h"
>   #include "commit-graph.h"
> +#include "xdiff-interface.h"
>   
>   #define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
>   #define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
> @@ -659,6 +660,9 @@ static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
>   	if (status)
>   		return status;
>   	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
> +	if (status)
> +		return status;
> +	status = git_xmerge_config(k, v, NULL);
>   	if (status)
>   		return status;
>   	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
> diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
> index d146bb116f..10e6e1e4d1 100644
> --- a/merge-recursive.c
> +++ b/merge-recursive.c
> @@ -3845,7 +3845,7 @@ static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *opt)
>   		} /* avoid erroring on values from future versions of git */
>   		free(value);
>   	}
> -	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
> +	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
>   }
>   
>   void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *opt,
> diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
> index 0bec01cf38..9e2bdca0f6 100644
> --- a/sequencer.c
> +++ b/sequencer.c
> @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
>   #include "commit-reach.h"
>   #include "rebase-interactive.h"
>   #include "reset.h"
> +#include "xdiff-interface.h"
>   
>   #define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
>   
> @@ -224,6 +225,10 @@ static int git_sequencer_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
>   	if (status)
>   		return status;
>   
> +	status = git_xmerge_config(k, v, NULL);
> +	if (status)
> +		return status;
> +
>   	return git_diff_basic_config(k, v, NULL);
>   }
>   
> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> index 44f79ac91b..485ad0eee0 100755
> --- a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> +++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> @@ -89,4 +89,35 @@ test_expect_success 'notes' '
>   	)
>   '
>   
> +test_expect_success 'checkout' '
> +	test_create_repo checkout &&
> +	(
> +		test_commit checkout &&
> +
> +		fill a b c d e >content &&
> +		git add content &&
> +		git commit -m initial &&
> +
> +		git checkout -b simple master &&
> +		fill a c e >content &&
> +		git commit -a -m simple &&
> +
> +		fill b d >content &&
> +		git checkout --merge master &&
> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
> +
> +		git config merge.conflictstyle merge &&
> +
> +		git checkout -f simple &&
> +		fill b d >content &&
> +		git checkout --merge --conflict=diff3 master &&
> +		grep -E "\|+" content &&
> +
> +		git checkout -f simple &&
> +		fill b d >content &&
> +		git checkout --merge --conflict=merge master &&
> +		! grep -E "\|+" content
> +	)
> +'
> +
>   test_done
> 

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Phillip Wood]

On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.

Given there are millions of users I'm not sure how you established that 
virtually everyone is using it. I think that while this change would be 
useful to some users (though not many if virtually everyone already has 
it set) it has the potential to annoy a lot of users who are happy with 
the existing default. I do not think that it is a positive change over all.

Had the default been diff3 from early on in git's history then I would 
not advocate changing it to the current default but I think the time has 
passed when it can be changed without inconveniencing existing users.

The patches up to this point have useful fixes in them which would 
improve git, thanks for working on them.

Best Wishes

Phillip

> Let's make it the default.
> 
> This generates a ton of changes in the tests. Although we probably will
> want to update them to use th new default, override the configuration so
> we use the old one for now.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> ---
>   Documentation/config/merge.txt           | 12 +++++-----
>   Documentation/git-merge-file.txt         |  2 ++
>   Documentation/git-merge.txt              | 28 +++++++-----------------
>   Documentation/git-rerere.txt             |  2 +-
>   Documentation/gitattributes.txt          |  6 ++---
>   Documentation/technical/rerere.txt       |  3 +--
>   Documentation/user-manual.txt            |  6 ++++-
>   t/t2023-checkout-m.sh                    |  2 ++
>   t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh    |  2 ++
>   t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh            |  2 ++
>   t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh            |  2 ++
>   t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh          |  2 ++
>   t/t4017-diff-retval.sh                   |  2 ++
>   t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh          |  2 ++
>   t/t4200-rerere.sh                        |  2 ++
>   t/t4300-merge-tree.sh                    |  2 ++
>   t/t6402-merge-rename.sh                  |  2 ++
>   t/t6403-merge-file.sh                    |  2 ++
>   t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh               |  2 ++
>   t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh        |  2 ++
>   t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh             |  2 ++
>   t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh               |  2 ++
>   t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh     |  2 ++
>   t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh      |  1 +
>   t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh        |  1 +
>   t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh |  2 ++
>   t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh       |  8 +++----
>   t/t7201-co.sh                            |  2 ++
>   t/t7506-status-submodule.sh              |  1 +
>   xdiff-interface.c                        |  2 +-
>   30 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/Documentation/config/merge.txt b/Documentation/config/merge.txt
> index cb2ed58907..2dba937dd0 100644
> --- a/Documentation/config/merge.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/config/merge.txt
> @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
>   merge.conflictStyle::
> -	Specify the style in which conflicted hunks are written out to
> -	working tree files upon merge.  The default is "merge", which
> -	shows a `<<<<<<<` conflict marker, changes made by one side,
> -	a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and then
> -	a `>>>>>>>` marker.  An alternate style, "diff3", adds a `|||||||`
> -	marker and the original text before the `=======` marker.
> +	Specify the style in which conflicted hunks are written out to working
> +	tree files upon merge. The default is "diff3", which shows a `<<<<<<<`
> +	conflict marker, changes made by one side, a `|||||||` marker, the
> +	original text, a `=======` marker, changes made by the other side, and
> +	then a `>>>>>>>` marker. A simpler mode "merge" omits the `|||||||`
> +	marker and the original text.
>   
>   merge.defaultToUpstream::
>   	If merge is called without any commit argument, merge the upstream
> diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
> index f856032613..7d8e74c872 100644
> --- a/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/git-merge-file.txt
> @@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ normally outputs a warning and brackets the conflict with lines containing
>   
>   	<<<<<<< A
>   	lines in file A
> +	|||||||
> +	lines in merge base
>   	=======
>   	lines in file B
>   	>>>>>>> B
> diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
> index 3819fadac1..14dadf2e16 100644
> --- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
> @@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ final result verbatim.  When both sides made changes to the same area,
>   however, Git cannot randomly pick one side over the other, and asks you to
>   resolve it by leaving what both sides did to that area.
>   
> -By default, Git uses the same style as the one used by the "merge" program
> +By default, Git uses a similar style to the one used by the "merge" program
>   from the RCS suite to present such a conflicted hunk, like this:
>   
>   ------------
> @@ -242,6 +242,8 @@ ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
>   <<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
>   Conflict resolution is hard;
>   let's go shopping.
> +|||||||
> +Originally there's no conflict.
>   =======
>   Git makes conflict resolution easy.
>   >>>>>>> theirs:sample.txt
> @@ -249,17 +251,12 @@ And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
>   ------------
>   
>   The area where a pair of conflicting changes happened is marked with markers
> -`<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>`.  The part before the `=======`
> -is typically your side, and the part afterwards is typically their side.
> -
> -The default format does not show what the original said in the conflicting
> -area.  You cannot tell how many lines are deleted and replaced with
> -Barbie's remark on your side.  The only thing you can tell is that your
> -side wants to say it is hard and you'd prefer to go shopping, while the
> -other side wants to claim it is easy.
> +`<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>`.  The part before the `|||||||`
> +is typically your side, and the part after `=======` is typically their side.
> +In-between is the original code.
>   
> -An alternative style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictStyle"
> -configuration variable to "diff3".  In "diff3" style, the above conflict
> +An more basic style can be used by setting the "merge.conflictStyle"
> +configuration variable to "merge".  In "merge" style, the above conflict
>   may look like this:
>   
>   ------------
> @@ -268,21 +265,12 @@ ancestor, or cleanly resolved because only one side changed.
>   <<<<<<< yours:sample.txt
>   Conflict resolution is hard;
>   let's go shopping.
> -|||||||
> -Conflict resolution is hard.
>   =======
>   Git makes conflict resolution easy.
>   >>>>>>> theirs:sample.txt
>   And here is another line that is cleanly resolved or unmodified.
>   ------------
>   
> -In addition to the `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` markers, it uses
> -another `|||||||` marker that is followed by the original text.  You can
> -tell that the original just stated a fact, and your side simply gave in to
> -that statement and gave up, while the other side tried to have a more
> -positive attitude.  You can sometimes come up with a better resolution by
> -viewing the original.
> -
>   
>   HOW TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS
>   ------------------------
> diff --git a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
> index 4cfc883378..89b0820995 100644
> --- a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
> @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ resolve.
>   
>   Running the 'git rerere' command immediately after a conflicted
>   automerge records the conflicted working tree files, with the
> -usual conflict markers `<<<<<<<`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` in
> +usual conflict markers `<<<<<<<`, `|||||||`, `=======`, and `>>>>>>>` in
>   them.  Later, after you are done resolving the conflicts,
>   running 'git rerere' again will record the resolved state of these
>   files.  Suppose you did this when you created the test merge of
> diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
> index 83fd4e19a4..b767215ac2 100644
> --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
> @@ -1042,10 +1042,10 @@ text::
>   
>   	Usual 3-way file level merge for text files.  Conflicted
>   	regions are marked with conflict markers `<<<<<<<`,
> -	`=======` and `>>>>>>>`.  The version from your branch
> -	appears before the `=======` marker, and the version
> +	`|||||||`, `=======` and `>>>>>>>`.  The version from your branch
> +	appears before the `|||||||` marker, and the version
>   	from the merged branch appears after the `=======`
> -	marker.
> +	marker. In-between is the original.
>   
>   binary::
>   
> diff --git a/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt b/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt
> index af5f9fc24f..38b44f4430 100644
> --- a/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/technical/rerere.txt
> @@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ get a conflict like the following:
>       >>>>>>> AC
>   
>   Doing the analogous with AC2 (forking a branch ABAC2 off of branch AB
> -and then merging branch AC2 into it), using the diff3 conflict style,
> -we get a conflict like the following:
> +and then merging branch AC2 into it), we get a conflict like the following:
>   
>       <<<<<<< HEAD
>       B
> diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
> index f9e54b8674..3ddde87482 100644
> --- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
> @@ -1243,6 +1243,8 @@ files with conflicts will have conflict markers added, like this:
>   -------------------------------------------------
>   <<<<<<< HEAD:file.txt
>   Hello world
> +|||||||
> +Original
>   =======
>   Goodbye
>   >>>>>>> 77976da35a11db4580b80ae27e8d65caf5208086:file.txt
> @@ -1276,9 +1278,11 @@ diff --cc file.txt
>   index 802992c,2b60207..0000000
>   --- a/file.txt
>   +++ b/file.txt
> -@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,5 @@@
> +@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,7 @@@
>   ++<<<<<<< HEAD:file.txt
>    +Hello world
> +++|||||||
> +++Original
>   ++=======
>   + Goodbye
>   ++>>>>>>> 77976da35a11db4580b80ae27e8d65caf5208086:file.txt
> diff --git a/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh b/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
> index 7b327b7544..219c82532a 100755
> --- a/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
> +++ b/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
> @@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success setup '
>   	test_tick &&
>   	test_commit both.txt both.txt initial &&
> diff --git a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
> index d3d72e25fe..cbd5d8302e 100755
> --- a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
> +++ b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
> @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ test_description='Test notes merging with manual conflict resolution'
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   # Set up a notes merge scenario with different kinds of conflicts
>   test_expect_success 'setup commits' '
>   	test_commit 1st &&
> diff --git a/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh b/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
> index 5b675417e9..4aeaa05c15 100755
> --- a/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
> +++ b/t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh
> @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ test_description='Test notes merging at various fanout levels'
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   verify_notes () {
>   	notes_ref="$1"
>   	commit="$2"
> diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
> index 66bcbbf952..769079a71c 100755
> --- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
> +++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
> @@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success 'setup' '
>   	git switch -C primary &&
>   	test_commit A file1 &&
> diff --git a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
> index 014001b8f3..647a40f314 100755
> --- a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
> +++ b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
> @@ -281,6 +281,7 @@ test_expect_success \
>   
>   test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick describes conflict in work tree' '
>   	pristine_detach initial &&
> +	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
>   	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
>   	<<<<<<< HEAD
>   	a
> @@ -316,6 +317,7 @@ test_expect_success 'diff3 -m style' '
>   
>   test_expect_success 'revert also handles conflicts sanely' '
>   	git config --unset merge.conflictstyle &&
> +	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
>   	pristine_detach initial &&
>   	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
>   	<<<<<<< HEAD
> diff --git a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
> index ed461f481e..04b77af2a4 100755
> --- a/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
> +++ b/t/t4017-diff-retval.sh
> @@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success 'setup' '
>   	echo "1 " >a &&
>   	git add . &&
> diff --git a/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh b/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh
> index 0260cf64f5..49a56731dd 100755
> --- a/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh
> +++ b/t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh
> @@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success 'setup binary merge conflict' '
>   	echo oneQ1 | q_to_nul >binary &&
>   	git add binary &&
> diff --git a/t/t4200-rerere.sh b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
> index 9f8c76dffb..e9ae3d6fde 100755
> --- a/t/t4200-rerere.sh
> +++ b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
> @@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success 'setup' '
>   	cat >a1 <<-\EOF &&
>   	Some title
> diff --git a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
> index e59601e5fe..f21ccaf0a6 100755
> --- a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
> +++ b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
> @@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
>   test_description='git merge-tree'
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success setup '
>   	test_commit "initial" "initial-file" "initial"
>   '
> diff --git a/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh b/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh
> index 425dad97d5..4f01bbc451 100755
> --- a/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh
> +++ b/t/t6402-merge-rename.sh
> @@ -270,6 +270,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup for rename + d/f conflicts' '
>   	git checkout --orphan dir-in-way &&
>   	git rm -rf . &&
>   	git clean -fdqx &&
> +	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
>   
>   	mkdir sub &&
>   	mkdir dir &&
> @@ -871,6 +872,7 @@ test_expect_success 'setup for use of extended merge markers' '
>   	git clean -fdqx &&
>   	rm -rf .git &&
>   	git init &&
> +	git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
>   
>   	printf "1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n" >original_file &&
>   	git add original_file &&
> diff --git a/t/t6403-merge-file.sh b/t/t6403-merge-file.sh
> index 2f421d967a..1428dfb5c6 100755
> --- a/t/t6403-merge-file.sh
> +++ b/t/t6403-merge-file.sh
> @@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
>   test_description='RCS merge replacement: merge-file'
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success 'setup' '
>   	cat >orig.txt <<-\EOF &&
>   	Dominus regit me,
> diff --git a/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh b/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh
> index eaf48e941e..a3354b8f9a 100755
> --- a/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh
> +++ b/t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh
> @@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   # This scenario is based on a real-world repository of Shawn Pearce.
>   
>   # 1 - A - D - F
> diff --git a/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh
> index 84f5082366..ac4e69a325 100755
> --- a/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh
> +++ b/t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh
> @@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
>   
> +git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   #
>   #  L1  L2
>   #   o---o
> diff --git a/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh b/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh
> index ac9aee9a66..b8208a383b 100755
> --- a/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh
> +++ b/t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh
> @@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_expect_success setup '
>   	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
>   	do
> diff --git a/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh b/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh
> index 1e0296dd17..e18f67776c 100755
> --- a/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh
> +++ b/t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh
> @@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_have_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR && SED_OPTIONS=-b
>   
>   compare_files () {
> diff --git a/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
> index bf4ce3c63d..6bb4b6d968 100755
> --- a/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
> +++ b/t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
> @@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
>   
> +git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_setup_rename_delete_untracked () {
>   	test_create_repo rename-delete-untracked &&
>   	(
> diff --git a/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh b/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh
> index 7134769149..5f6cacd064 100755
> --- a/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh
> +++ b/t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh
> @@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ test_description="recursive merge with directory renames"
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
>   
> +git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
>   
>   ###########################################################################
>   # SECTION 1: Basic cases we should be able to handle
> diff --git a/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh b/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh
> index 7e8bf497f8..18975801db 100755
> --- a/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh
> +++ b/t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh
> @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ test_description="merge cases"
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-merge.sh
>   
> +git config --global merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
>   
>   # Testcase basic, conflicting changes in 'numerals'
>   
> diff --git a/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh b/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
> index db4b77e63d..5cfe8a4fbd 100755
> --- a/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
> +++ b/t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh
> @@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_have_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR && SED_OPTIONS=-b
>   if test_have_prereq GREP_STRIPS_CR
>   then
> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> index 485ad0eee0..ae0bab37ad 100755
> --- a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> +++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge' '
>   		git commit -a -m left &&
>   
>   		test_must_fail git merge r &&
> -		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
> +		grep -E "\|+" content &&
>   
>   		git reset --hard &&
>   		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge r &&
> @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ test_expect_success 'merge-tree' '
>   		test_commit l content l &&
>   
>   		git merge-tree initial r l >actual &&
> -		! grep -E "\|+" actual &&
> +		grep -E "\|+" actual &&
>   
>   		git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge-tree initial r l >actual &&
>   		grep -E "\|+" actual &&
> @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ test_expect_success 'notes' '
>   		git notes add -f -m l initial &&
>   
>   		test_must_fail git notes merge r &&
> -		! grep -E "\|+" .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/* &&
> +		grep -E "\|+" .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/* &&
>   
>   		git notes merge --abort &&
>   		test_must_fail git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 notes merge r &&
> @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ test_expect_success 'checkout' '
>   
>   		fill b d >content &&
>   		git checkout --merge master &&
> -		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
> +		grep -E "\|+" content &&
>   
>   		git config merge.conflictstyle merge &&
>   
> diff --git a/t/t7201-co.sh b/t/t7201-co.sh
> index 7f6e23a4bb..11444d5360 100755
> --- a/t/t7201-co.sh
> +++ b/t/t7201-co.sh
> @@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ export GIT_TEST_DEFAULT_INITIAL_BRANCH_NAME
>   
>   . ./test-lib.sh
>   
> +git config merge.conflictstyle merge # TODO: use the default
> +
>   test_tick
>   
>   fill () {
> diff --git a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
> index 3fcb44767f..90449e80c3 100755
> --- a/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
> +++ b/t/t7506-status-submodule.sh
> @@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ test_expect_success 'status with merge conflict in .gitmodules' '
>   	test_create_repo_with_commit sub2 &&
>   	(
>   		cd super &&
> +		git config merge.conflictstyle merge && # TODO: use the default
>   		prev=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
>   		git checkout -b add_sub1 &&
>   		git submodule add ../sub1 &&
> diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
> index 19a030fbe2..1447771724 100644
> --- a/xdiff-interface.c
> +++ b/xdiff-interface.c
> @@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ int xdiff_compare_lines(const char *l1, long s1,
>   	return xdl_recmatch(l1, s1, l2, s2, flags);
>   }
>   
> -int git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_MERGE;
> +int git_xmerge_style = XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3;
>   
>   int git_xmerge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
>   {
> 

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Johannes Sixt wrote:
> Am 09.06.21 um 21:28 schrieb Felipe Contreras:
> > Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> > teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.
> > 
> > Let's make it the default.
> 
> I tested diff3 style the VERY FIRST TIME the other day and was greated
> with the below. Needless to say that this change is a no-go from my POV.

"I found a bug" is not a valid reason not to do approach X.

The bug gets fixed and the approach continues.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Đoàn Trần Công Danh wrote:
> On 2021-06-10 08:41:21+0200, Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> wrote:
> > Am 09.06.21 um 21:28 schrieb Felipe Contreras:
> > > Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> > > teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.
> > > 
> > > Let's make it the default.
> > 
> > I tested diff3 style the VERY FIRST TIME the other day and was greated
> > with the below. Needless to say that this change is a no-go from my POV.
> 
> I agree, despite using 3-way merging (with external tools) to resolve conflicts.
> 
> I prefer the current conflict style, aka no-diff3 conflict style.

Defaults are not for you, they are for the majority of users.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
> > file is the best place to do that.
> 
> I'm not sure what this particular tests adds over the existing ones in 
> t6427-diff3-conflict-markers.sh.

That file is for diff3 conflict markers. The tests in this file are not.

> The commit message does not explain why a new file is better than
> adding this test to that file.

Because there's no file that is testing for this.

> There are already diff3 tests for checkout

This file is not doing diff3 tests.


As stated above, it's testing different *combinations* of
merge.conflictstyle, diff3 is only *one* of the possibilities, another
possibility is:

  git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 checkout -m --conflict=merge

That is *not* a diff3 test.

> > diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> > new file mode 100755

> > +test_expect_success 'merge' '
> > +	test_create_repo merge &&
> > +	(
> > +		cd merge &&
> > +
> > +		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
> > +		git add content &&
> > +		git commit -m base &&
> > +
> > +		git checkout -b r &&
> > +		echo six >>content &&
> > +		git commit -a -m right &&
> > +
> > +		git checkout master &&
> > +		echo 7 >>content &&
> > +		git commit -a -m left &&
> > +
> > +		test_must_fail git merge r &&
> > +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
> 
> ! grep "|"  would be simpler and just as effective.

But that would fail if there's a "command1 | command2".

> This is quite a weak 
> test, something like "^|||||| " would be a stronger test for conflict 
> markers

But that doesn't work in all the tests.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 5/7] xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> 
> The subject would make more sense as 'xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 to 
> XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3' rather than using the new name of the constant alone.

That is 55 characters, more than the recommended commit title length.

> > If we don't specify we are talking about a style, XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL
> > could be confused with a valid value instead of XDL_MERGE_DIFF3, which
> > it isn't.
> 
> I don't object to the rename but what is the source of the confusion 
> with XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL?

XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL and other XDL_MERGE_FOO constants go into xmparam_t.level,
XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 does not.

As stated in the commit message, the name XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 doesn't
distinguish it as a style.

Chers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Jeff King]

On Thu, Jun 10, 2021 at 08:41:21AM +0200, Johannes Sixt wrote:

> Am 09.06.21 um 21:28 schrieb Felipe Contreras:
> > Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> > teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.
> > 
> > Let's make it the default.
> 
> I tested diff3 style the VERY FIRST TIME the other day and was greated
> with the below. Needless to say that this change is a no-go from my POV.
> [...]

I didn't look too deeply at your example, but I suspect it may be
related to the fact that diff3 does not try to minimize the conflicts as
much (and then the recursive merge on top of that piles on extra layers
of confusion).

There's a lot more discussion in this old thread:

  https://lore.kernel.org/git/20130306150548.GC15375@pengutronix.de/

-Peff

Re: [PATCH 6/7] xdiff: simplify style assignments

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> 
> I don't find the commit message explains this change very well
> 
> > There is little value in checking that git_xmerge_style isn't 0 before
> > changing it's default value.
> 
> I think the check is actually that git_xmerge_style isn't -1.

Actually I meant "< 0", but yeah, that's mainly to check the -1 case.

> Why is there little value in the check?

It's explained in the very next sentence.

> > Most of the time it isn't 0 anyway, so just assign the value directly.
> 
> Why to the times when it is zero (or -1) not matter?

When it's 0 it's a no-op, and now it can't be -1.

By default structures are zeroed in git, so the defaults of integers
are 0, and in the case of xmparam_t.style that is no exception.

These are all the same:

	static xmparam_t xmp;

	static xmparam_t xmp;
	xmp.style = 0;

	static xmparam_t xmp;
	if (1)
		xmp.style = 0;

But of course as it's explained most of the time that's not what
happens, what happens is:

  if (1)
    xml.style = 1;

Perhaps this is clearer:

  There is little value in checking that git_xmerge_style isn't < 0
  before changing its value to xmp.style. If it's 0 then assigning 0 to
  xmp.style is a no-op, and if it's 1 (as it usually is), we are going
  to assign the value anyway.

  The only exception is when git_xmerge_style is -1, but there is no
  value in having that as default, so we just don't, and set the default
  to 0.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > Currently both merge.conflictStyle and `git commit --merge
> > --conflict=diff3` don't work together, since the former wrongly
> > overrides the later.
> > 
> > The way merge configurations are handled is not correct.
> > It should be possible to do git_config(merge_recursive_config, ...) just
> > like we can with git_diff_basic_config and others.
> 
> It would be helpful to explain what the problem with 
> merge_recursive_config() actually is rather than just saying "it should 
> be possible ..."

The problem is that you can't do this:

  git_config(merge_recursive_config, NULL);

As it was explained.

That is the problem. I don't know how that's not clear.

> > Therefore builtins like `git merge` can't call this function at the
> > right time.
>  >
> > We shuffle the functions a little bit so at least merge_recursive_config
> > doesn't call git_xmerge_config directly and thus override previous
> > configurations.
> 
> Rather than papering of the problem, how difficult would it be to add a 
> field to ll_merge_options and pass the conflict style with that rather 
> than fiddling with the order that we set a global variable.

Probably not that difficult, but then we also need a parser that
converts from "diff3" to whatever values we decide in that new field. We
would need a new parse_config_conflict_style() function.

And that function will be only used by `git checkout` and nothing else.
So I don't think there's much value in it.

That problem whoever, is orthogonal to this series.

> Does this change affect 'am/apply -3'? - Do they still read the config 
> setting properly?

Good question. I'll have to add more tests to make sure that works
properly.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> > teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.
> 
> Given there are millions of users I'm not sure how you established that 
> virtually everyone is using it.

Because it's the stablished consensus that resolving conflicts with
merge.conflictstyle=merge is suboptimal.

Even if it's not the majority using it (say 49%), the majority would
benefit from using it.

> I think that while this change would be useful to some users (though
> not many if virtually everyone already has it set) it has the
> potential to annoy a lot of users who are happy with the existing
> default.

Every change has the potential to annoy some users.

That's an argument against further development of git, not this
particular patch.

> I do not think that it is a positive change over all.

OK. Others disagree.

> Had the default been diff3 from early on in git's history then I would 
> not advocate changing it to the current default but I think the time has 
> passed when it can be changed without inconveniencing existing users.

git has changed defaults in the past, and it will change defaults in the
future.

There will always be people pushing back against progress, and that is
good. But progress happens regardless.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Phillip Wood]

On 10/06/2021 15:11, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> Phillip Wood wrote:
>> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>>> Currently both merge.conflictStyle and `git commit --merge
>>> --conflict=diff3` don't work together, since the former wrongly
>>> overrides the later.
>>>
>>> The way merge configurations are handled is not correct.
>>> It should be possible to do git_config(merge_recursive_config, ...) just
>>> like we can with git_diff_basic_config and others.
>>
>> It would be helpful to explain what the problem with
>> merge_recursive_config() actually is rather than just saying "it should
>> be possible ..."
> 
> The problem is that you can't do this:
> 
>    git_config(merge_recursive_config, NULL);
> 
> As it was explained.

You do not explain why you cannot do that

> That is the problem. I don't know how that's not clear.
> 
>>> Therefore builtins like `git merge` can't call this function at the
>>> right time.
>>   >
>>> We shuffle the functions a little bit so at least merge_recursive_config
>>> doesn't call git_xmerge_config directly and thus override previous
>>> configurations.
>>
>> Rather than papering of the problem, how difficult would it be to add a
>> field to ll_merge_options and pass the conflict style with that rather
>> than fiddling with the order that we set a global variable.
> 
> Probably not that difficult, but then we also need a parser that
> converts from "diff3" to whatever values we decide in that new field. We
> would need a new parse_config_conflict_style() function.
> And that function will be only used by `git checkout` and nothing else.
> So I don't think there's much value in it.

It would allow us to add a --conflict option to all the mergey commands 
in the future and would be much easier to reason about than the approach 
of juggling where we call git_xmerge_config(). This patch requires us to 
audit all the code paths that end up in merge_recursive_config() to make 
sure they now call git_xmerge_config() themselves. You don't seem to 
have done that as you don't know if am/apply are affected or not.


Best Wishes

Phillip

> That problem whoever, is orthogonal to this series.
> 
>> Does this change affect 'am/apply -3'? - Do they still read the config
>> setting properly?
> 
> Good question. I'll have to add more tests to make sure that works
> properly.
> 
> Cheers.
> 

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Phillip Wood]

On 10/06/2021 14:26, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> Phillip Wood wrote:
>> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>>> We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
>>> file is the best place to do that.
>>
>> I'm not sure what this particular tests adds over the existing ones in
>> t6427-diff3-conflict-markers.sh.
> 
> That file is for diff3 conflict markers. The tests in this file are not.
> 
>> The commit message does not explain why a new file is better than
>> adding this test to that file.
> 
> Because there's no file that is testing for this.
> 
>> There are already diff3 tests for checkout
> 
> This file is not doing diff3 tests.
> 
> 
> As stated above, it's testing different *combinations* of
> merge.conflictstyle, diff3 is only *one* of the possibilities, another
> possibility is:
> 
>    git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 checkout -m --conflict=merge
> 
> That is *not* a diff3 test.

I think that is an artificial distinction, it is testing the behavior of 
checkout when merge.conflictStyle=diff3 just like the other tests, it 
just happens to be checking that the config option can be combined with 
a command line option.

Best Wishes

Phillip

>>> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
>>> new file mode 100755
> 
>>> +test_expect_success 'merge' '
>>> +	test_create_repo merge &&
>>> +	(
>>> +		cd merge &&
>>> +
>>> +		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
>>> +		git add content &&
>>> +		git commit -m base &&
>>> +
>>> +		git checkout -b r &&
>>> +		echo six >>content &&
>>> +		git commit -a -m right &&
>>> +
>>> +		git checkout master &&
>>> +		echo 7 >>content &&
>>> +		git commit -a -m left &&
>>> +
>>> +		test_must_fail git merge r &&
>>> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
>>
>> ! grep "|"  would be simpler and just as effective.
> 
> But that would fail if there's a "command1 | command2".
> 
>> This is quite a weak
>> test, something like "^|||||| " would be a stronger test for conflict
>> markers
> 
> But that doesn't work in all the tests.
> 
> Cheers.
> 

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Phillip Wood]

On 10/06/2021 14:26, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> Phillip Wood wrote:
>> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>>> We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
>>> file is the best place to do that.
>>[...]
>>> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
>>> new file mode 100755
> 
>>> +test_expect_success 'merge' '
>>> +	test_create_repo merge &&
>>> +	(
>>> +		cd merge &&
>>> +
>>> +		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
>>> +		git add content &&
>>> +		git commit -m base &&
>>> +
>>> +		git checkout -b r &&
>>> +		echo six >>content &&
>>> +		git commit -a -m right &&
>>> +
>>> +		git checkout master &&
>>> +		echo 7 >>content &&
>>> +		git commit -a -m left &&
>>> +
>>> +		test_must_fail git merge r &&
>>> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
>>
>> ! grep "|"  would be simpler and just as effective.
> 
> But that would fail if there's a "command1 | command2".

I don't understand. What are you expecting content to contain? Why 
doesn't "\|+" fail in that case?

>> This is quite a weak
>> test, something like "^|||||| " would be a stronger test for conflict
>> markers
> 
> But that doesn't work in all the tests.

So test for what you actually expect, you don't need to have the same 
check in all the tests if the expected output is different.

Best Wishes

Phillip

> Cheers.
> 

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Jeff King wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 10, 2021 at 08:41:21AM +0200, Johannes Sixt wrote:
> 
> > Am 09.06.21 um 21:28 schrieb Felipe Contreras:
> > > Virtually everyone is using it, and it's one of the first things we
> > > teach newcomers in order to resolve conflicts efficiently.
> > > 
> > > Let's make it the default.
> > 
> > I tested diff3 style the VERY FIRST TIME the other day and was greated
> > with the below. Needless to say that this change is a no-go from my POV.
> > [...]
> 
> I didn't look too deeply at your example, but I suspect it may be
> related to the fact that diff3 does not try to minimize the conflicts as
> much (and then the recursive merge on top of that piles on extra layers
> of confusion).
> 
> There's a lot more discussion in this old thread:
> 
>   https://lore.kernel.org/git/20130306150548.GC15375@pengutronix.de/

Geezus. My patches always end up kicking the hornest nest don't they?

Maybe it would make sense to revive the zdiff3 patch and attempt to make
that the default. That would take a lot of time though, so it wasn't as
easy as just flipping a switch from "merge" to "diff3".

But there is value in attempting to make the default merge.conflictstyle
work for everyone (or last least as many people as possible). It's
shinning a light on issues that are already present now.

For reference--and since gmane links don't work any more--here are the
relevant links for the past discussions:

https://lore.kernel.org/git/20130306150548.GC15375@pengutronix.de/
https://lore.kernel.org/git/alpine.LFD.1.10.0808311021120.12958@nehalem.linux-foundation.org/
https://lore.kernel.org/git/1220056963-2352-5-git-send-email-gitster@pobox.com/

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Jeff King]

On Thu, Jun 10, 2021 at 11:00:59AM -0500, Felipe Contreras wrote:

> > I didn't look too deeply at your example, but I suspect it may be
> > related to the fact that diff3 does not try to minimize the conflicts as
> > much (and then the recursive merge on top of that piles on extra layers
> > of confusion).
> > 
> > There's a lot more discussion in this old thread:
> > 
> >   https://lore.kernel.org/git/20130306150548.GC15375@pengutronix.de/
> 
> Geezus. My patches always end up kicking the hornest nest don't they?
> 
> Maybe it would make sense to revive the zdiff3 patch and attempt to make
> that the default. That would take a lot of time though, so it wasn't as
> easy as just flipping a switch from "merge" to "diff3".

I had that patch in my daily build for several years, and I would
occasionally trigger it when seeing an ugly conflict. IIRC, it
segfaulted on me a few times, but I never tracked down the bug. Just a
caution in case anybody wants to resurrect it.

-Peff

Re: [PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 10/06/2021 15:11, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > Phillip Wood wrote:
> >> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> >>> Currently both merge.conflictStyle and `git commit --merge
> >>> --conflict=diff3` don't work together, since the former wrongly
> >>> overrides the later.
> >>>
> >>> The way merge configurations are handled is not correct.
> >>> It should be possible to do git_config(merge_recursive_config, ...) just
> >>> like we can with git_diff_basic_config and others.
> >>
> >> It would be helpful to explain what the problem with
> >> merge_recursive_config() actually is rather than just saying "it should
> >> be possible ..."
> > 
> > The problem is that you can't do this:
> > 
> >    git_config(merge_recursive_config, NULL);
> > 
> > As it was explained.
> 
> You do not explain why you cannot do that

  % git grep merge_recursive_config
  static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *opt)

For starters it's a static function.

Second, clearly the type of functions git_config() receives are not
`void (*)(struct merge_options *)`.

I mean, I do see value in explaning as much detail as needed in the
commit message, but it shouldn't be a lesson on git's codebase:
git_config() is a standard thing, and it's even mentioned in the user
manual.

https://git-scm.com/docs/user-manual#birdview-on-the-source-code

> > That is the problem. I don't know how that's not clear.
> > 
> >>> Therefore builtins like `git merge` can't call this function at the
> >>> right time.
> >>   >
> >>> We shuffle the functions a little bit so at least merge_recursive_config
> >>> doesn't call git_xmerge_config directly and thus override previous
> >>> configurations.
> >>
> >> Rather than papering of the problem, how difficult would it be to add a
> >> field to ll_merge_options and pass the conflict style with that rather
> >> than fiddling with the order that we set a global variable.
> > 
> > Probably not that difficult, but then we also need a parser that
> > converts from "diff3" to whatever values we decide in that new field. We
> > would need a new parse_config_conflict_style() function.
> > And that function will be only used by `git checkout` and nothing else.
> > So I don't think there's much value in it.
> 
> It would allow us to add a --conflict option to all the mergey commands 
> in the future and would be much easier to reason about than the approach 
> of juggling where we call git_xmerge_config().

Feel free to write a patch for that.

> This patch requires us to audit all the code paths that end up in
> merge_recursive_config() to make sure they now call
> git_xmerge_config() themselves. You don't seem to have done that as
> you don't know if am/apply are affected or not.

That is a separate issue, that I already mentioned...

> > That problem whoever, is orthogonal to this series.
> > 
> >> Does this change affect 'am/apply -3'? - Do they still read the config
> >> setting properly?
> > 
> > Good question. I'll have to add more tests to make sure that works
> > properly.

here.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 10/06/2021 14:26, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > Phillip Wood wrote:
> >> There are already diff3 tests for checkout
> > 
> > This file is not doing diff3 tests.
> > 
> > 
> > As stated above, it's testing different *combinations* of
> > merge.conflictstyle, diff3 is only *one* of the possibilities, another
> > possibility is:
> > 
> >    git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 checkout -m --conflict=merge
> > 
> > That is *not* a diff3 test.
> 
> I think that is an artificial distinction, it is testing the behavior of 
> checkout when merge.conflictStyle=diff3

That is one of the things it's testing, it's not the only thing it's
testing, it's testing other things as well.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 10/06/2021 14:26, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > Phillip Wood wrote:
> >> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> >>> We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
> >>> file is the best place to do that.
> >>[...]
> >>> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> >>> new file mode 100755
> > 
> >>> +test_expect_success 'merge' '
> >>> +	test_create_repo merge &&
> >>> +	(
> >>> +		cd merge &&
> >>> +
> >>> +		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
> >>> +		git add content &&
> >>> +		git commit -m base &&
> >>> +
> >>> +		git checkout -b r &&
> >>> +		echo six >>content &&
> >>> +		git commit -a -m right &&
> >>> +
> >>> +		git checkout master &&
> >>> +		echo 7 >>content &&
> >>> +		git commit -a -m left &&
> >>> +
> >>> +		test_must_fail git merge r &&
> >>> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
> >>
> >> ! grep "|"  would be simpler and just as effective.
> > 
> > But that would fail if there's a "command1 | command2".
> 
> I don't understand. What are you expecting content to contain?

Not a sequence of |.

> Why doesn't "\|+" fail in that case?

It would, perhaps "\|\|+" would be better, or maybe "\|{2,}".

> >> This is quite a weak
> >> test, something like "^|||||| " would be a stronger test for conflict
> >> markers
> > 
> > But that doesn't work in all the tests.
> 
> So test for what you actually expect, you don't need to have the same 
> check in all the tests if the expected output is different.

I don't need to, but it makes the tests simpler, and as you pointed out
in another comment: more tests are needed.

Perhaps once we know exactly what we want to test, and how to fix the
current issues it would make sense to revisit these.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Junio C Hamano]

Jeff King <peff@peff.net> writes:

> I didn't look too deeply at your example, but I suspect it may be
> related to the fact that diff3 does not try to minimize the conflicts as
> much (and then the recursive merge on top of that piles on extra layers
> of confusion).
>
> There's a lot more discussion in this old thread:
>
>   https://lore.kernel.org/git/20130306150548.GC15375@pengutronix.de/

Yes, it does not help that the given sample involves conflicts in
the inner merge, which is unfortunately almost unreadable.  For less
confusing merges, diff3 style is often a lifesaver necessary for
avoiding mismerges by showing what the common ancestor looked like,
so that the reader/merger/integrator can tell what each side wanted
to do to the conflicted section.

Rejecting diff3 style output because of the way a conflicted part in
the inner merge appears as a common ancestor version may be throwing
the baby out with the bathwater.  A different way to say it is that
until we improve the way the conflicted inner merge is shown, diff3
style is not something we can recommend to new users as a default, I
would think.

Re: [PATCH 5/7] xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3

[Junio C Hamano]

Phillip Wood <phillip.wood123@gmail.com> writes:

> The subject would make more sense as 'xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 to
> XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3' rather than using the new name of the constant
> alone.

True.

>> If we don't specify we are talking about a style, XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL
>> could be confused with a valid value instead of XDL_MERGE_DIFF3, which
>> it isn't.
>
> I don't object to the rename but what is the source of the confusion
> with XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL?

I do not see any confusion, either, but the current XDL_MERGE_DIFF3
being a boolean (i.e. if false, use the output style of the 'merge'
command) and our lack of an enumeration constant for 'merge' means
that a future addition of the third output style would require us to
add XDL_MERGE_$STYLE for both the new style and the traditional
'merge' style.  And If we would end up with XDL_MERGE_DIFF3,
XDL_MERGE_MERGE and XDL_MERGE_FOO for that third output style.

The 'merge' one simply looks strange in that context.  And from that
point of view, this change might be a good way to futureproof the
codebase.

Thanks.

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Johannes Sixt]

Am 11.06.21 um 03:20 schrieb Junio C Hamano:
> Yes, it does not help that the given sample involves conflicts in
> the inner merge, which is unfortunately almost unreadable.  For less
> confusing merges, diff3 style is often a lifesaver necessary for
> avoiding mismerges by showing what the common ancestor looked like,
> so that the reader/merger/integrator can tell what each side wanted
> to do to the conflicted section.
> 
> Rejecting diff3 style output because of the way a conflicted part in
> the inner merge appears as a common ancestor version may be throwing
> the baby out with the bathwater.  A different way to say it is that
> until we improve the way the conflicted inner merge is shown, diff3
> style is not something we can recommend to new users as a default, I
> would think.

I understand that diff3 is very useful for an integrator like you who
does a lot of merges of code that was not written by yourself.

But I would estimate that most conflicts (in absolute number among all
developers using Git) arise during rebase operations and cherry-picking,
i.e., while one is working on their own code. In such sitations, the
simpler conflict markup is sufficient, because one knows the background
and reason of the conflicts. And then the ability to compact conflicts
is a life-saver. Therefore, I argue that simple conflict style should
remain the default even if the presentation of inner conflicts under
diff3 style is improved.

-- Hannes

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Junio C Hamano]

Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> writes:

> But I would estimate that most conflicts (in absolute number among all
> developers using Git) arise during rebase operations and cherry-picking,
> i.e., while one is working on their own code. In such sitations, the
> simpler conflict markup is sufficient, because one knows the background
> and reason of the conflicts.

"rebase -i" to reorganize one's own series would be a prime example
of "conflicts you need to resolve in code that is purely your own
and nobody else's", and cherry-picking used while reorganizing one's
own series falls into the same category.  I agree that a simpler
markup would be more appropriate in such cases.

Rebasing to catch up with updated upstream is a different story,
though.  The same for cherry-picking an earlier change to an updated
upstream.

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Johannes Sixt]

Am 11.06.21 um 08:43 schrieb Junio C Hamano:
> Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> writes:
> 
>> But I would estimate that most conflicts (in absolute number among all
>> developers using Git) arise during rebase operations and cherry-picking,
>> i.e., while one is working on their own code. In such sitations, the
>> simpler conflict markup is sufficient, because one knows the background
>> and reason of the conflicts.
> 
> "rebase -i" to reorganize one's own series would be a prime example
> of "conflicts you need to resolve in code that is purely your own
> and nobody else's", and cherry-picking used while reorganizing one's
> own series falls into the same category.  I agree that a simpler
> markup would be more appropriate in such cases.
> 
> Rebasing to catch up with updated upstream is a different story,
> though.  The same for cherry-picking an earlier change to an updated
> upstream.

I've reflected on this a bit more as well. I've forgotten about the
"catch up with someone else" case. That is certainly helped by diff3
style. I retract my opposition and am now neutral to a potential change
of default. (I still don't endorse it because it upsets my workflow.)

The case that inner conflicts are presented sub-optimally under diff3
remains, though.

-- Hannes

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Junio C Hamano]

Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> writes:

> The case that inner conflicts are presented sub-optimally under diff3
> remains, though.

I agree that until that happens (necessary but not sufficient
condition), it is premature to recommend diff3 style to be the
default.

I notice that "git merge --help" tells what each part separated by
conflict markers mean in both output styles, but does not make a
specific recommendation as to which one to use in what situation,
and it might benefit a few additional sentences to help readers
based on what you said, i.e. the "RCS merge" style that hides the
original is succinct and easier to work with when you are familiar
with what both sides did, while a more verbose "diff3" style helps
when you are unfamiliar with what one side (or both sides) did.

Re: [PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Phillip Wood]

On 10/06/2021 17:32, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> Phillip Wood wrote:
>> On 10/06/2021 15:11, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>>> Phillip Wood wrote:
>>>> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>>>>> Currently both merge.conflictStyle and `git commit --merge
>>>>> --conflict=diff3` don't work together, since the former wrongly
>>>>> overrides the later.
>>>>>
>>>>> The way merge configurations are handled is not correct.
>>>>> It should be possible to do git_config(merge_recursive_config, ...) just
>>>>> like we can with git_diff_basic_config and others.
>>>>
>>>> It would be helpful to explain what the problem with
>>>> merge_recursive_config() actually is rather than just saying "it should
>>>> be possible ..."
>>>
>>> The problem is that you can't do this:
>>>
>>>     git_config(merge_recursive_config, NULL);
>>>
>>> As it was explained.
>>
>> You do not explain why you cannot do that
> 
>    % git grep merge_recursive_config
>    static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *opt)
> 
> For starters it's a static function.
> 
> Second, clearly the type of functions git_config() receives are not
> `void (*)(struct merge_options *)`.
> 
> I mean, I do see value in explaning as much detail as needed in the
> commit message, but it shouldn't be a lesson on git's codebase:
> git_config() is a standard thing, and it's even mentioned in the user
> manual.

I'm not asking for a lesson on git's config system, I'm asking you to 
add a sentence to the commit message to explain what the problem is 
rather than just saying "you should be able to do this but you can't".

> https://git-scm.com/docs/user-manual#birdview-on-the-source-code
> 
>>> That is the problem. I don't know how that's not clear.
>>>
>>>>> Therefore builtins like `git merge` can't call this function at the
>>>>> right time.
>>>>    >
>>>>> We shuffle the functions a little bit so at least merge_recursive_config
>>>>> doesn't call git_xmerge_config directly and thus override previous
>>>>> configurations.
>>>>
>>>> Rather than papering of the problem, how difficult would it be to add a
>>>> field to ll_merge_options and pass the conflict style with that rather
>>>> than fiddling with the order that we set a global variable.
>>>
>>> Probably not that difficult, but then we also need a parser that
>>> converts from "diff3" to whatever values we decide in that new field. We
>>> would need a new parse_config_conflict_style() function.
>>> And that function will be only used by `git checkout` and nothing else.
>>> So I don't think there's much value in it.
>>
>> It would allow us to add a --conflict option to all the mergey commands
>> in the future and would be much easier to reason about than the approach
>> of juggling where we call git_xmerge_config().
> 
> Feel free to write a patch for that.
> 
>> This patch requires us to audit all the code paths that end up in
>> merge_recursive_config() to make sure they now call
>> git_xmerge_config() themselves. You don't seem to have done that as
>> you don't know if am/apply are affected or not.
> 
> That is a separate issue, that I already mentioned...

I know you are going to add some tests but the point is that when making 
a change like this you need to actively audit all the callers of 
init_merge_options() and ensure that they are now calling 
git_config(git_xmerge_config) and base you tests on what you find while 
doing that. Have you run 'grep init_merge_options()' to see where it is 
being called?

Best Wishes

Phillip

>>> That problem whoever, is orthogonal to this series.
>>>
>>>> Does this change affect 'am/apply -3'? - Do they still read the config
>>>> setting properly?
>>>
>>> Good question. I'll have to add more tests to make sure that works
>>> properly.
> 
> here.
> 

Re: [PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Phillip Wood]

On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>[...]
> diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
> index d146bb116f..10e6e1e4d1 100644
> --- a/merge-recursive.c
> +++ b/merge-recursive.c
> @@ -3845,7 +3845,7 @@ static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *opt)
>   		} /* avoid erroring on values from future versions of git */
>   		free(value);
>   	}
> -	git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
> +	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);

Now that all callers are required to call git_config(git_xmerge_config) 
before calling init_merge_options() this line can be deleted.

Best Wishes

Phillip

>   }
 >
>   void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *opt,
> diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
> index 0bec01cf38..9e2bdca0f6 100644
> --- a/sequencer.c
> +++ b/sequencer.c
> @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
>   #include "commit-reach.h"
>   #include "rebase-interactive.h"
>   #include "reset.h"
> +#include "xdiff-interface.h"
>   
>   #define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
>   
> @@ -224,6 +225,10 @@ static int git_sequencer_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
>   	if (status)
>   		return status;
>   
> +	status = git_xmerge_config(k, v, NULL);
> +	if (status)
> +		return status;
> +
>   	return git_diff_basic_config(k, v, NULL);
>   }
>   
> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> index 44f79ac91b..485ad0eee0 100755
> --- a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> +++ b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> @@ -89,4 +89,35 @@ test_expect_success 'notes' '
>   	)
>   '
>   
> +test_expect_success 'checkout' '
> +	test_create_repo checkout &&
> +	(
> +		test_commit checkout &&
> +
> +		fill a b c d e >content &&
> +		git add content &&
> +		git commit -m initial &&
> +
> +		git checkout -b simple master &&
> +		fill a c e >content &&
> +		git commit -a -m simple &&
> +
> +		fill b d >content &&
> +		git checkout --merge master &&
> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
> +
> +		git config merge.conflictstyle merge &&
> +
> +		git checkout -f simple &&
> +		fill b d >content &&
> +		git checkout --merge --conflict=diff3 master &&
> +		grep -E "\|+" content &&
> +
> +		git checkout -f simple &&
> +		fill b d >content &&
> +		git checkout --merge --conflict=merge master &&
> +		! grep -E "\|+" content
> +	)
> +'
> +
>   test_done
> 

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Phillip Wood]

On 10/06/2021 17:47, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> Phillip Wood wrote:
>> On 10/06/2021 14:26, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>>> Phillip Wood wrote:
>>>> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
>>>>> We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
>>>>> file is the best place to do that.
>>>> [...]
>>>>> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
>>>>> new file mode 100755
>>>
>>>>> +test_expect_success 'merge' '
>>>>> +	test_create_repo merge &&
>>>>> +	(
>>>>> +		cd merge &&
>>>>> +
>>>>> +		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
>>>>> +		git add content &&
>>>>> +		git commit -m base &&
>>>>> +
>>>>> +		git checkout -b r &&
>>>>> +		echo six >>content &&
>>>>> +		git commit -a -m right &&
>>>>> +
>>>>> +		git checkout master &&
>>>>> +		echo 7 >>content &&
>>>>> +		git commit -a -m left &&
>>>>> +
>>>>> +		test_must_fail git merge r &&
>>>>> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
>>>>
>>>> ! grep "|"  would be simpler and just as effective.
>>>
>>> But that would fail if there's a "command1 | command2".
>>
>> I don't understand. What are you expecting content to contain?
> 
> Not a sequence of |.
> 
>> Why doesn't "\|+" fail in that case?
> 
> It would, perhaps "\|\|+" would be better, or maybe "\|{2,}".

The point of my original comment was that you do not need an ERE - 'grep 
"||"' matches the same set of lines as 'grep -E "\|\|+"'. As it is 
testing for conflict markers anchoring the pattern to the beginning of a 
line would probably be a good idea.

Best Wishes

Phillip

>>>> This is quite a weak
>>>> test, something like "^|||||| " would be a stronger test for conflict
>>>> markers
>>>
>>> But that doesn't work in all the tests.
>>
>> So test for what you actually expect, you don't need to have the same
>> check in all the tests if the expected output is different.
> 
> I don't need to, but it makes the tests simpler, and as you pointed out
> in another comment: more tests are needed.
> 
> Perhaps once we know exactly what we want to test, and how to fix the
> current issues it would make sense to revisit these.
> 

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Sergey Organov]

Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> writes:

> Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> writes:
>
>> The case that inner conflicts are presented sub-optimally under diff3
>> remains, though.
>
> I agree that until that happens (necessary but not sufficient
> condition), it is premature to recommend diff3 style to be the
> default.

Yep. A work-around could be to fix diff3 to rather produce RCS merge
style in such situations?

>
> I notice that "git merge --help" tells what each part separated by
> conflict markers mean in both output styles, but does not make a
> specific recommendation as to which one to use in what situation,
> and it might benefit a few additional sentences to help readers
> based on what you said, i.e. the "RCS merge" style that hides the
> original is succinct and easier to work with when you are familiar
> with what both sides did, while a more verbose "diff3" style helps
> when you are unfamiliar with what one side (or both sides) did.

I don't get it. Once you have diff3 output, and you want something
simpler, you just kill the inner section, right? RCS merge output style
is simply inferior.

Thanks,
-- Sergey Organov

Re: [PATCH 5/7] xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3

[Felipe Contreras]

Junio C Hamano wrote:
> Phillip Wood <phillip.wood123@gmail.com> writes:
> 
> > The subject would make more sense as 'xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 to
> > XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3' rather than using the new name of the constant
> > alone.
> 
> True.

But why? When we look back in history few people would care what the
previous name of XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3 was, and if they do, they don't
necessarily need it in the title.

> >> If we don't specify we are talking about a style, XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL
> >> could be confused with a valid value instead of XDL_MERGE_DIFF3, which
> >> it isn't.
> >
> > I don't object to the rename but what is the source of the confusion
> > with XDL_MERGE_MINIMAL?
> 
> I do not see any confusion, either, but the current XDL_MERGE_DIFF3
> being a boolean

But it's not a boolean: git_xmerge_style is currently -1 by default.

> (i.e. if false, use the output style of the 'merge'
> command) and our lack of an enumeration constant for 'merge' means
> that a future addition of the third output style would require us to
> add XDL_MERGE_$STYLE for both the new style and the traditional
> 'merge' style.  And If we would end up with XDL_MERGE_DIFF3,
> XDL_MERGE_MERGE and XDL_MERGE_FOO for that third output style.

But can you put XDL_MERGE_FOO in xmp.level? Or XDL_MERGE_BAR in
xmp.style?

> The 'merge' one simply looks strange in that context.  And from that
> point of view, this change might be a good way to futureproof the
> codebase.

Yes.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Junio C Hamano wrote:

> A different way to say it is that until we improve the way the
> conflicted inner merge is shown, diff3 style is not something we can
> recommend to new users as a default, I would think.

I am not sure about that. Does anybody know any newcommer that you would
recommend diff2 (aka. merge) style to?

I wouldn't.

Put yourself in front of a class teaching how to resolve conflicts, I
wouldn't dream of explaning the particulars of conflict markers, I would
just fire up Meld, and show them visually.

Conflict markers are not for newcomers anyway, so that is a moot point.

Moreover, it is really hard for an expert to put himself in the shoes of
a newcomer... We forget how hard it was at the beginning.

At least me personally, I remember that long time ago when resolving
conflicts I constantly had to find the change from the base to the
remote side in order to see what changes I'm trying to merge, and then
from the base to the local side to see why they were conflicting.

I don't use diff3 because I want to be fancy, I use it because from
experience I *need* to see the base more often than not.

Plus, I try to follow the principile of eating your own dogfood [1]. If
using diff2 is so awful that basically no git experts use it, why are we
recommending it?

If the purpose of conflict markers is to resolve conflicts **correctly**
and preferably in an efficient way, then diff3 is just better.

Cheers.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_your_own_dog_food

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Johannes Sixt wrote:

> I understand that diff3 is very useful for an integrator like you who
> does a lot of merges of code that was not written by yourself.
> 
> But I would estimate that most conflicts (in absolute number among all
> developers using Git) arise during rebase operations and cherry-picking,
> i.e., while one is working on their own code.

The vast majority of developers don't rebase their code. They only do it
when absolutely necessary, and that is when they have to rebase it on
top of another person's code.

> In such sitations, the simpler conflict markup is sufficient, because
> one knows the background and reason of the conflicts.

I don't know about you, but I often don't know the background of my own
code from one month ago, hell, sometimes not even one week ago.

I consider myself from one year ago to be pretty much a different
developer.

> And then the ability to compact conflicts is a life-saver.

I don't see how shifting one's sight a couple lines below would save
anybody's life.

On the other hand opening another tool just to find out was was the
original code is tedious as hell.

> Therefore, I argue that simple conflict style should remain the
> default even if the presentation of inner conflicts under diff3 style
> is improved.

First let's get rid of all the assumptions you made above.

Just because you personally do X doesn't mean most people do.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Johannes Sixt wrote:
> Am 11.06.21 um 08:43 schrieb Junio C Hamano:

> > Rebasing to catch up with updated upstream is a different story,
> > though.  The same for cherry-picking an earlier change to an updated
> > upstream.
> 
> I've reflected on this a bit more as well. I've forgotten about the
> "catch up with someone else" case. That is certainly helped by diff3
> style. I retract my opposition and am now neutral to a potential change
> of default. (I still don't endorse it because it upsets my workflow.)

All right. Fortunately we have a configuration for that.

> The case that inner conflicts are presented sub-optimally under diff3
> remains, though.

Indeed, and that's something that we should consider fixing, but it's
not necessarily a roadblocker since apparently many developers have been
able to live with these sub-optimal diff3 inner conflicts.

Personally I have never experienced what you posted, so maybe there's
something else happening behind the scenes.

Maybe merge-ort changed something.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Junio C Hamano wrote:
> Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> writes:
> 
> > The case that inner conflicts are presented sub-optimally under diff3
> > remains, though.
> 
> I agree that until that happens (necessary but not sufficient
> condition), it is premature to recommend diff3 style to be the
> default.

Why? Most experienced git developers have no issue with diff3. So
presumably it's good enough as it is.

Yes, we should consider improving that issue stated above, but
*necessary*? I don't think so.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 4/7] checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 10/06/2021 17:32, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > Phillip Wood wrote:
> >> On 10/06/2021 15:11, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> >>> Phillip Wood wrote:
> >>>> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> >>>>> Currently both merge.conflictStyle and `git commit --merge
> >>>>> --conflict=diff3` don't work together, since the former wrongly
> >>>>> overrides the later.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> The way merge configurations are handled is not correct.
> >>>>> It should be possible to do git_config(merge_recursive_config, ...) just
> >>>>> like we can with git_diff_basic_config and others.
> >>>>
> >>>> It would be helpful to explain what the problem with
> >>>> merge_recursive_config() actually is rather than just saying "it should
> >>>> be possible ..."
> >>>
> >>> The problem is that you can't do this:
> >>>
> >>>     git_config(merge_recursive_config, NULL);
> >>>
> >>> As it was explained.
> >>
> >> You do not explain why you cannot do that
> > 
> >    % git grep merge_recursive_config
> >    static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *opt)
> > 
> > For starters it's a static function.
> > 
> > Second, clearly the type of functions git_config() receives are not
> > `void (*)(struct merge_options *)`.
> > 
> > I mean, I do see value in explaning as much detail as needed in the
> > commit message, but it shouldn't be a lesson on git's codebase:
> > git_config() is a standard thing, and it's even mentioned in the user
> > manual.
> 
> I'm not asking for a lesson on git's config system, I'm asking you to 
> add a sentence to the commit message to explain what the problem is 
> rather than just saying "you should be able to do this but you can't".

Yes, but why? What possible reason could there be for this to fail? Can
you list two?

  git_config(merge_recursive_config, NULL);

But more importantly, why does it matter? How would it change the patch?

> > https://git-scm.com/docs/user-manual#birdview-on-the-source-code
> > 
> >>> That is the problem. I don't know how that's not clear.
> >>>
> >>>>> Therefore builtins like `git merge` can't call this function at the
> >>>>> right time.
> >>>>    >
> >>>>> We shuffle the functions a little bit so at least merge_recursive_config
> >>>>> doesn't call git_xmerge_config directly and thus override previous
> >>>>> configurations.
> >>>>
> >>>> Rather than papering of the problem, how difficult would it be to add a
> >>>> field to ll_merge_options and pass the conflict style with that rather
> >>>> than fiddling with the order that we set a global variable.
> >>>
> >>> Probably not that difficult, but then we also need a parser that
> >>> converts from "diff3" to whatever values we decide in that new field. We
> >>> would need a new parse_config_conflict_style() function.
> >>> And that function will be only used by `git checkout` and nothing else.
> >>> So I don't think there's much value in it.
> >>
> >> It would allow us to add a --conflict option to all the mergey commands
> >> in the future and would be much easier to reason about than the approach
> >> of juggling where we call git_xmerge_config().
> > 
> > Feel free to write a patch for that.
> > 
> >> This patch requires us to audit all the code paths that end up in
> >> merge_recursive_config() to make sure they now call
> >> git_xmerge_config() themselves. You don't seem to have done that as
> >> you don't know if am/apply are affected or not.
> > 
> > That is a separate issue, that I already mentioned...
> 
> I know you are going to add some tests but the point is that when making 
> a change like this you need to actively audit all the callers of 
> init_merge_options() and ensure that they are now calling 
> git_config(git_xmerge_config) and base you tests on what you find while 
> doing that.

And what makes you think I haven't?

If developers were perfect there would be no need for code review.

> Have you run 'grep init_merge_options()' to see where it is 
> being called?

Now that is insulting.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 1/7] test: add merge style config test

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> On 10/06/2021 17:47, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> > Phillip Wood wrote:
> >> On 10/06/2021 14:26, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> >>> Phillip Wood wrote:
> >>>> On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> >>>>> We want to test different combinations of merge.conflictstyle, and a new
> >>>>> file is the best place to do that.
> >>>> [...]
> >>>>> diff --git a/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh b/t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> >>>>> new file mode 100755
> >>>
> >>>>> +test_expect_success 'merge' '
> >>>>> +	test_create_repo merge &&
> >>>>> +	(
> >>>>> +		cd merge &&
> >>>>> +
> >>>>> +		fill 1 2 3 >content &&
> >>>>> +		git add content &&
> >>>>> +		git commit -m base &&
> >>>>> +
> >>>>> +		git checkout -b r &&
> >>>>> +		echo six >>content &&
> >>>>> +		git commit -a -m right &&
> >>>>> +
> >>>>> +		git checkout master &&
> >>>>> +		echo 7 >>content &&
> >>>>> +		git commit -a -m left &&
> >>>>> +
> >>>>> +		test_must_fail git merge r &&
> >>>>> +		! grep -E "\|+" content &&
> >>>>
> >>>> ! grep "|"  would be simpler and just as effective.
> >>>
> >>> But that would fail if there's a "command1 | command2".
> >>
> >> I don't understand. What are you expecting content to contain?
> > 
> > Not a sequence of |.
> > 
> >> Why doesn't "\|+" fail in that case?
> > 
> > It would, perhaps "\|\|+" would be better, or maybe "\|{2,}".
> 
> The point of my original comment was that you do not need an ERE - 'grep 
> "||"' matches the same set of lines as 'grep -E "\|\|+"'. As it is 
> testing for conflict markers anchoring the pattern to the beginning of a 
> line would probably be a good idea.

Right, I didn't add that because I saw some tests not doing ^ when they
clearly should, so I thought perhaps there was a compatibility issue,
but now I see that ^ is already used in many tests, therefore "^\|\|+"
makes sense.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Sergey Organov wrote:
> Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> writes:

> > I notice that "git merge --help" tells what each part separated by
> > conflict markers mean in both output styles, but does not make a
> > specific recommendation as to which one to use in what situation,
> > and it might benefit a few additional sentences to help readers
> > based on what you said, i.e. the "RCS merge" style that hides the
> > original is succinct and easier to work with when you are familiar
> > with what both sides did, while a more verbose "diff3" style helps
> > when you are unfamiliar with what one side (or both sides) did.
> 
> I don't get it. Once you have diff3 output, and you want something
> simpler, you just kill the inner section, right? RCS merge output style
> is simply inferior.

The issue here is not a mere inner section, it's a nested inner section
due to a recursive merge.

Personally I've never encountered these in real life, but you can
trigger them with the following synthetic example, and the output with
diff3 is:

--- a/content
+++ b/content
@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,13 @@@
++<<<<<<< HEAD
 +D
++||||||| merged common ancestors
++<<<<<<<<< Temporary merge branch 1
++B
++||||||||| 2c9519d
++1
++=========
++A
++>>>>>>>>> Temporary merge branch 2
++=======
+ C
++>>>>>>> C

While with merge is:

--- a/content
+++ b/content
@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,5 @@@
++<<<<<<< HEAD
 +D
++=======
+ C
++>>>>>>> C

I don't see why diff3 triggers the output of this temporary merge, that
is a bug in my book.

I would expect the output to simply be:

--- a/content
+++ b/content
@@@ -1,1 -1,1 +1,13 @@@
++<<<<<<< HEAD
 +D
++||||||| 2c9519d
++1
++=======
+ C
++>>>>>>> C

Cheers.

  git init repo &&
  cd repo &&

  echo 1 > content &&
  git add content &&
  git commit -m 1 content &&

  git checkout -b A master &&
  echo A > content &&
  git commit -m A content &&

  git checkout -b B master &&
  echo B > content &&
  git commit -m B content &&

  git checkout -b C A &&
  git rev-parse B >.git/MERGE_HEAD &&
  echo C > content &&
  git commit -m C -a &&

  git checkout -b D A &&
  git rev-parse B >.git/MERGE_HEAD &&
  echo D > content &&
  git commit -m D -a &&

  git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge -m final C &&
  cat content

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Sergey Organov]

Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> writes:

> Sergey Organov wrote:
>> Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> writes:
>
>> > I notice that "git merge --help" tells what each part separated by
>> > conflict markers mean in both output styles, but does not make a
>> > specific recommendation as to which one to use in what situation,
>> > and it might benefit a few additional sentences to help readers
>> > based on what you said, i.e. the "RCS merge" style that hides the
>> > original is succinct and easier to work with when you are familiar
>> > with what both sides did, while a more verbose "diff3" style helps
>> > when you are unfamiliar with what one side (or both sides) did.
>> 
>> I don't get it. Once you have diff3 output, and you want something
>> simpler, you just kill the inner section, right? RCS merge output style
>> is simply inferior.
>
> The issue here is not a mere inner section, it's a nested inner section
> due to a recursive merge.

No, this one is just generic suggestion by Junio to improve
documentation, unrelated to particular problematic contents of the inner
section of diff3.

Thanks
-- Sergey Organov

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Sergey Organov wrote:
> Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> writes:
> 
> > Sergey Organov wrote:
> >> Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> writes:
> >
> >> > I notice that "git merge --help" tells what each part separated by
> >> > conflict markers mean in both output styles, but does not make a
> >> > specific recommendation as to which one to use in what situation,
> >> > and it might benefit a few additional sentences to help readers
> >> > based on what you said, i.e. the "RCS merge" style that hides the
> >> > original is succinct and easier to work with when you are familiar
> >> > with what both sides did, while a more verbose "diff3" style helps
> >> > when you are unfamiliar with what one side (or both sides) did.
> >> 
> >> I don't get it. Once you have diff3 output, and you want something
> >> simpler, you just kill the inner section, right? RCS merge output style
> >> is simply inferior.
> >
> > The issue here is not a mere inner section, it's a nested inner section
> > due to a recursive merge.
> 
> No, this one is just generic suggestion by Junio to improve
> documentation, unrelated to particular problematic contents of the inner
> section of diff3.

OK, but diff3 is not always just merge minus some stuff.

It would be nice if it was, which is what triggered the proposal of
zdiff3:

https://lore.kernel.org/git/20130306150548.GC15375@pengutronix.de/

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Johannes Sixt]

Am 11.06.21 um 13:51 schrieb Sergey Organov:
> I don't get it. Once you have diff3 output, and you want something
> simpler, you just kill the inner section, right? RCS merge output style
> is simply inferior.

There is an important case where RCS style is not inferior: When the base is

 123456

then our side makes it

 12ABC56

and their side makes it

 12AXC56

then diff3 must display the conflict as

 12<ABC|34=AXC>56

to be technically correct. RCS style can coalesce A and C outside of the
conflict and display it as

 12A<B=X>C34

and *that* is the helpful part of this simpler style. You encounter
these kinds of conflicts *a lot* when you juggle fixups in a rebase
--interactive session.

The thread mentioned earlier upthread explores whether diff3 can do a
similar simplification.

-- Hannes

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Johannes Sixt]

Am 11.06.21 um 16:25 schrieb Felipe Contreras:
> Personally I have never experienced what you posted, so maybe there's
> something else happening behind the scenes.

I have to do a lot of criss-cross merges lately.

> Maybe merge-ort changed something.

It produces the same result.

-- Hannes

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Johannes Sixt wrote:
> then diff3 must display the conflict as
> 
>  12<ABC|34=AXC>56
> 
> to be technically correct. RCS style can coalesce A and C outside of the
> conflict and display it as
> 
>  12A<B=X>C34
> 
> and *that* is the helpful part of this simpler style.

I have trouble translating the above to what I'm familiar with in my
mind, so...

diff2:

  1
  2
  A
  <<<<<<< l
  B
  =======
  X
  >>>>>>> r
  C
  5
  6

diff3:

  1
  2
  <<<<<<< l
  A
  B
  C
  ||||||| b
  3
  4
  =======
  A
  X
  C
  >>>>>>> r
  5
  6

I personally don't mind at all having a few extra lines in order to
visualize what actually happened.

But of course there's zdiff3:

  1
  2
  A
  <<<<<<< l
  B
  ||||||| b
  3
  4
  =======
  X
  >>>>>>> r
  C
  5
  6

Which is the best of both worlds, even if not technically accurate.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Elijah Newren wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 7:25 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> wrote:

> > Personally I have never experienced what you posted, so maybe there's
> > something else happening behind the scenes.
> >
> > Maybe merge-ort changed something.
> 
> merge-ort made no changes relative to content merges or choice of merge
> bases.  (In fact, merge ort doesn't even handle content merges; that's the
> xdiff layer.)  Even if merge-ort had made changes in this area, merge-ort
> is not the default and I didn't see the necessary config tweaks in your
> list of config options.  (I would have recommended against people using
> merge ort until 7bec8e7fa6 ("Merge branch 'en/ort-readiness'", 2021-04-16),
> which only made it into a release last week with 2.32.  I probably won't be
> recommending it as the default at least until the optimization work is
> merged and it's hard to predict how many more months that will take.)

Indeed, I tested on v2.25 and found the same output.

I thought of merge-ort because 1) I've never seen such kind of output
before, and 2) grepping the code I thought I saw merge-ort being the
default of something, but now I seem to be unable to find where.

> It's more likely that the codebases you work with just don't have
> criss-cross merges.

Yes, that's it.

I don't see why people in these kinds of codebases would like diff3
doing that by default.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Sergey Organov]

Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> writes:

> Johannes Sixt wrote:
>> then diff3 must display the conflict as
>> 
>>  12<ABC|34=AXC>56
>> 
>> to be technically correct. RCS style can coalesce A and C outside of the
>> conflict and display it as
>> 
>>  12A<B=X>C34
>> 
>> and *that* is the helpful part of this simpler style.
>
> I have trouble translating the above to what I'm familiar with in my
> mind, so...
>
> diff2:
>
>   1
>   2
>   A
>   <<<<<<< l
>   B
>   =======
>   X
>   >>>>>>> r
>   C
>   5
>   6
>
> diff3:
>
>   1
>   2
>   <<<<<<< l
>   A
>   B
>   C
>   ||||||| b
>   3
>   4
>   =======
>   A
>   X
>   C
>   >>>>>>> r
>   5
>   6
>
> I personally don't mind at all having a few extra lines in order to
> visualize what actually happened.

Plus a good tool should have an option to quickly show a diff between any
2 of 3 parts, making analysis even simpler.

>
> But of course there's zdiff3:
>
>   1
>   2
>   A
>   <<<<<<< l
>   B
>   ||||||| b
>   3
>   4
>   =======
>   X
>   >>>>>>> r
>   C
>   5
>   6
>
> Which is the best of both worlds, even if not technically accurate.

Yeah, now I see, thank you both for explanations!

That said, to me it seems that for any of 3 formats one can find a case
where it's better than the other 2. I'm sure I got a few occasions where
leaving common part(s) out of conflicts resulted in a confusion and
mis-merge.

Thanks,
-- Sergey Organov

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Elijah Newren]

On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 10:32 AM Felipe Contreras
<felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Elijah Newren wrote:
> > On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 7:25 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> > wrote:
>
> > > Personally I have never experienced what you posted, so maybe there's
> > > something else happening behind the scenes.
> > >
> > > Maybe merge-ort changed something.
> >
> > merge-ort made no changes relative to content merges or choice of merge
> > bases.  (In fact, merge ort doesn't even handle content merges; that's the
> > xdiff layer.)  Even if merge-ort had made changes in this area, merge-ort
> > is not the default and I didn't see the necessary config tweaks in your
> > list of config options.  (I would have recommended against people using
> > merge ort until 7bec8e7fa6 ("Merge branch 'en/ort-readiness'", 2021-04-16),
> > which only made it into a release last week with 2.32.  I probably won't be
> > recommending it as the default at least until the optimization work is
> > merged and it's hard to predict how many more months that will take.)
>
> Indeed, I tested on v2.25 and found the same output.
>
> I thought of merge-ort because 1) I've never seen such kind of output
> before, and 2) grepping the code I thought I saw merge-ort being the
> default of something, but now I seem to be unable to find where.

We have briefly discussed multiple times what things might be needed
to eventually make merge-ort the default (though it's not even
complete yet; I'm five months into upstreaming the optimization
patches with an unknown number of months left).  There were also a
couple patches to make the _tests_ default to using merge-ort on most
platforms, while still keeping one suite that tests merge-recursive to
ensure we don't add breakage.  Perhaps one of those is what you're
thinking of?

> > It's more likely that the codebases you work with just don't have
> > criss-cross merges.
>
> Yes, that's it.
>
> I don't see why people in these kinds of codebases would like diff3
> doing that by default.

I suspect they don't[1].  What's the alternative, though?  Not using
diff3?  Picking a different base to avoid the occasional nested
conflict in the inner merge region, but which overall has much worse
other side effects?  I think Junio was addressing this when he
recently said elsewhere in this thread that "Rejecting diff3 style
output because of the way a conflicted part in the inner merge appears
as a common ancestor version may be throwing the baby out with the
bathwater"[2].  Sure, it's an annoyance, but diff3 is still a good
option and there is no current solution to the annoying nested merge
display.

Also, not sure whether it matters or not, but just for completeness I
should point out that you can get nested conflict markers without
criss-cross merges and without merge.conflictStyle=diff3.  It's just
much more rare.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/git/CAPc5daUC+6cHpexXTO24p4mG_5eL1JmxrYm8h3UfdTh_FMka=w@mail.gmail.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/git/xmqqh7i5ci3t.fsf@gitster.g/

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Elijah Newren wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 8:32 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> wrote:
> > Sergey Organov wrote:
> > > Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> writes:

> >   git init repo &&
> >   cd repo &&
> >
> >   echo 1 > content &&
> >   git add content &&
> >   git commit -m 1 content &&
> >
> >   git checkout -b A master &&
> >   echo A > content &&
> >   git commit -m A content &&
> >
> >   git checkout -b B master &&
> >   echo B > content &&
> >   git commit -m B content &&
> >
> >   git checkout -b C A &&
> >   git rev-parse B >.git/MERGE_HEAD &&
> >   echo C > content &&
> >   git commit -m C -a &&
> >
> >   git checkout -b D A &&
> >   git rev-parse B >.git/MERGE_HEAD &&
> >   echo D > content &&
> >   git commit -m D -a &&
> >
> >   git -c merge.conflictstyle=diff3 merge -m final C &&
> >   cat content
> 
> Right, here you do not have a unique merge base; you have two of them: A &
> B (it's possible to have three or more as well).  To do a three-way merge,
> you need a single base commit.  So, whenever you have more than one merge
> base, both merge-recursive and merge-ort will merge the merge bases to get
> a virtual merge base.  There's always a risk that the merge bases don't
> have a unique merge base either, forcing the algorithm to recurse.  This
> behavior is where the merge algorithm 'recursive' got its name from (and
> which also appears in ort's name -- "Ostensibly Recursive's Twin").
> 
> You could decide to just pick one of the merge-bases at random, and yield a
> different set of surprises including silently merging in favor of one side
> when the two sides did things differently.  That's problematic.
> 
> Instead of using a merge base (a recent-as-possible common commit), you
> could decide to instead just try to find a unique common base, regardless
> of how ancient it is.  Using ancient commits as the base is a step towards
> just doing a two-way merge (treating the histories as completely
> independent and throwing merge conflicts whenever any files aren't
> identical on the two sides).  Sure, it's not as bad, but it does yield
> massive amounts of useless conflicts.  So this is problematic too.
> 
> The alternative to the above two options was the
> make-a-virtual-merge-base-by-merging-merge-bases strategy.  It apparently
> was very successful.

OK. That makes sense.

> But it does mean that merge bases can have conflict markers in them.

But why? And even if they do, why do they have to be diff3 conflict
markers?

This would be more human-friendly:

  <<<<<<< HEAD
  D
  ||||||| merged common ancestors
  <<<<<<<<< Temporary merge branch 1
  B
  =========
  A
  >>>>>>>>> Temporary merge branch 2
  =======
  C
  >>>>>>> C

Or just put a stub conflict marker:

  <<<<<<< HEAD
  D
  ||||||| merged common ancestors
  <<<<<<<<< Temporary merge >>>>>>>>>
  =======
  C
  >>>>>>> C

Or just use the base of the virtual merge:

  <<<<<<< HEAD
  D
  ||||||| merged common ancestors
  1
  =======
  C
  >>>>>>> C

We don't have to use diff3 all the way.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Sergey Organov wrote:
> Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> writes:
> 
> > Johannes Sixt wrote:
> >> then diff3 must display the conflict as
> >> 
> >>  12<ABC|34=AXC>56
> >> 
> >> to be technically correct. RCS style can coalesce A and C outside of the
> >> conflict and display it as
> >> 
> >>  12A<B=X>C34
> >> 
> >> and *that* is the helpful part of this simpler style.
> >
> > I have trouble translating the above to what I'm familiar with in my
> > mind, so...
> >
> > diff2:
> >
> >   1
> >   2
> >   A
> >   <<<<<<< l
> >   B
> >   =======
> >   X
> >   >>>>>>> r
> >   C
> >   5
> >   6
> >
> > diff3:
> >
> >   1
> >   2
> >   <<<<<<< l
> >   A
> >   B
> >   C
> >   ||||||| b
> >   3
> >   4
> >   =======
> >   A
> >   X
> >   C
> >   >>>>>>> r
> >   5
> >   6
> >
> > I personally don't mind at all having a few extra lines in order to
> > visualize what actually happened.
> 
> Plus a good tool should have an option to quickly show a diff between any
> 2 of 3 parts, making analysis even simpler.

Indeed, it depends on the mergetool, but personally I use vimdiff3
(which I authored). All I need are diff3 conflict markers plus some
colors.

> > But of course there's zdiff3:
> >
> >   1
> >   2
> >   A
> >   <<<<<<< l
> >   B
> >   ||||||| b
> >   3
> >   4
> >   =======
> >   X
> >   >>>>>>> r
> >   C
> >   5
> >   6
> >
> > Which is the best of both worlds, even if not technically accurate.
> 
> Yeah, now I see, thank you both for explanations!
> 
> That said, to me it seems that for any of 3 formats one can find a case
> where it's better than the other 2. I'm sure I got a few occasions where
> leaving common part(s) out of conflicts resulted in a confusion and
> mis-merge.

Yes, and I found it curious that all this sprang up from my suggestion
to get out of our comfort zones.

Since I don't have my beloved `g mt` alias, I've been forced to do
`g mergetool --tool=gvimdiff3`, once there, I decided to use gvimdiff2 a
couple of times, and I even gave meld a try.

Now, I didn't dare to remove merge.conflictstyle from my config, but if
I did, I would I have immediately noticed that:

  git merge --<tab>

There's nothing to easily switch conflict styles.

Seems like there's many areas of opportunity.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Sergey Organov]

Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> writes:

> Sergey Organov wrote:
>> Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> writes:
>> 
>> > Johannes Sixt wrote:
>> >> then diff3 must display the conflict as
>> >> 
>> >>  12<ABC|34=AXC>56
>> >> 
>> >> to be technically correct. RCS style can coalesce A and C outside of the
>> >> conflict and display it as
>> >> 
>> >>  12A<B=X>C34
>> >> 
>> >> and *that* is the helpful part of this simpler style.
>> >
>> > I have trouble translating the above to what I'm familiar with in my
>> > mind, so...
>> >
>> > diff2:
>> >
>> >   1
>> >   2
>> >   A
>> >   <<<<<<< l
>> >   B
>> >   =======
>> >   X
>> >   >>>>>>> r
>> >   C
>> >   5
>> >   6
>> >
>> > diff3:
>> >
>> >   1
>> >   2
>> >   <<<<<<< l
>> >   A
>> >   B
>> >   C
>> >   ||||||| b
>> >   3
>> >   4
>> >   =======
>> >   A
>> >   X
>> >   C
>> >   >>>>>>> r
>> >   5
>> >   6
>> >
>> > I personally don't mind at all having a few extra lines in order to
>> > visualize what actually happened.
>> 
>> Plus a good tool should have an option to quickly show a diff between any
>> 2 of 3 parts, making analysis even simpler.
>
> Indeed, it depends on the mergetool, but personally I use vimdiff3
> (which I authored). All I need are diff3 conflict markers plus some
> colors.

Emacs's smerge-mode works fine too. In fact that was what made me switch
to diff3 in git config.

Thanks,
-- Sergey Organov

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Elijah Newren wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 10:32 AM Felipe Contreras
> <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Elijah Newren wrote:
> > > On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 7:25 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> > > wrote:
> >
> > > > Personally I have never experienced what you posted, so maybe there's
> > > > something else happening behind the scenes.
> > > >
> > > > Maybe merge-ort changed something.
> > >
> > > merge-ort made no changes relative to content merges or choice of merge
> > > bases.  (In fact, merge ort doesn't even handle content merges; that's the
> > > xdiff layer.)  Even if merge-ort had made changes in this area, merge-ort
> > > is not the default and I didn't see the necessary config tweaks in your
> > > list of config options.  (I would have recommended against people using
> > > merge ort until 7bec8e7fa6 ("Merge branch 'en/ort-readiness'", 2021-04-16),
> > > which only made it into a release last week with 2.32.  I probably won't be
> > > recommending it as the default at least until the optimization work is
> > > merged and it's hard to predict how many more months that will take.)
> >
> > Indeed, I tested on v2.25 and found the same output.
> >
> > I thought of merge-ort because 1) I've never seen such kind of output
> > before, and 2) grepping the code I thought I saw merge-ort being the
> > default of something, but now I seem to be unable to find where.
> 
> We have briefly discussed multiple times what things might be needed
> to eventually make merge-ort the default (though it's not even
> complete yet; I'm five months into upstreaming the optimization
> patches with an unknown number of months left).  There were also a
> couple patches to make the _tests_ default to using merge-ort on most
> platforms, while still keeping one suite that tests merge-recursive to
> ensure we don't add breakage.  Perhaps one of those is what you're
> thinking of?

Nah, I think I just read something wrong.

> > > It's more likely that the codebases you work with just don't have
> > > criss-cross merges.
> >
> > Yes, that's it.
> >
> > I don't see why people in these kinds of codebases would like diff3
> > doing that by default.
> 
> I suspect they don't[1].  What's the alternative, though?  Not using
> diff3?  Picking a different base to avoid the occasional nested
> conflict in the inner merge region, but which overall has much worse
> other side effects?

Picking a different conflict style for the inner merge.

> I think Junio was addressing this when he
> recently said elsewhere in this thread that "Rejecting diff3 style
> output because of the way a conflicted part in the inner merge appears
> as a common ancestor version may be throwing the baby out with the
> bathwater"[2].  Sure, it's an annoyance, but diff3 is still a good
> option and there is no current solution to the annoying nested merge
> display.

Yes, but he proceeded to say we could not recommend diff3 to new users,
so I see the baby out on the floor.

I don't think it's likely new users will experience a problem with diff3
inner conflict markers (in 15 years of using git I've never encountered
them myself [or I blocked them out my mind]).

Even with this problem, experienced developers seem to be unable to live
without diff3, so I don't know if there's a valid argument against
making it the default.

Yes, improving inner conflict markers would make life better for new
users, but also everyone else. Software can always be better.

Let's not make perfect be the enemy of the good; diff3 is more than good
enough already.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Elijah Newren]

On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 10:57 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:

> Elijah Newren wrote:
> > On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 8:32 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com>
> > wrote:
...
> > The alternative to the above two options was the
> > make-a-virtual-merge-base-by-merging-merge-bases strategy.  It apparently
> > was very successful.
> 
> OK. That makes sense.
> 
> > But it does mean that merge bases can have conflict markers in them.
> 
> But why? And even if they do, why do they have to be diff3 conflict
> markers?

This could be changed; I suspect it just was a natural consequence of how
the code was built.  (Recursive means there's not a separate code-path for
merging the merge-bases, so they get the same merge style by default.)

> This would be more human-friendly:
> 
>   <<<<<<< HEAD
>   D
>   ||||||| merged common ancestors
>   <<<<<<<<< Temporary merge branch 1
>   B
>   =========
>   A
>   >>>>>>>>> Temporary merge branch 2
>   =======
>   C
>   >>>>>>> C

I suspect that would be as easy as this (not compiled or tested):

diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index 095a4d820e..bdd129cbd6 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 	xmp.level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS;
 	xmp.favor = opts->variant;
 	xmp.xpp.flags = opts->xdl_opts;
-	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0)
+	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0 && !opts->virtual_ancestor)
 		xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
 	if (marker_size > 0)
 		xmp.marker_size = marker_size;


> Or just put a stub conflict marker:
> 
>   <<<<<<< HEAD
>   D
>   ||||||| merged common ancestors
>   <<<<<<<<< Temporary merge >>>>>>>>>
>   =======
>   C
>   >>>>>>> C

I don't know what would be involved to do this one; I think it wouldn't
be too hard, but I don't think we'd want to pursue this option.

> Or just use the base of the virtual merge:
> 
>   <<<<<<< HEAD
>   D
>   ||||||| merged common ancestors
>   1
>   =======
>   C
>   >>>>>>> C

I think that implementing this choice would look like this (again, not
compiled or tested and I'm not familiar with xdiff so take it with a
big grain of salt):


diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index 095a4d820e..dbc7f76951 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 	memset(&xmp, 0, sizeof(xmp));
 	xmp.level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS;
 	xmp.favor = opts->variant;
+	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0 && opts->virtual_ancestor)
+		xmp.favor = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE;
 	xmp.xpp.flags = opts->xdl_opts;
 	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0)
 		xmp.style = git_xmerge_style;
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
index 8629ae287c..b8d1a536c2 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS 1
 #define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_THEIRS 2
 #define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION 3
+#define XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE 4
 
 /* merge output styles */
 #define XDL_MERGE_DIFF3 1
diff --git a/xdiff/xmerge.c b/xdiff/xmerge.c
index 95871a0b6e..a8dc42595a 100644
--- a/xdiff/xmerge.c
+++ b/xdiff/xmerge.c
@@ -313,6 +313,9 @@ static int xdl_fill_merge_buffer(xdfenv_t *xe1, const char *name1,
 			if (m->mode & 2)
 				size += xdl_recs_copy(xe2, m->i2, m->chg2, 0, 0,
 						      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
+		} else if (m->mode == 4) {
+			size += xdl_orig_copy(xe1, m->i0, m->chg0, needs_cr, 0,
+					      dest ? dest + size : NULL);
 		} else
 			continue;
 		i = m->i1 + m->chg1;

> We don't have to use diff3 all the way.

Right, thus my mention in the other email to consider adding a
XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE -- which you then also mention here in your third
option, and which I've now given at least a partial patch for.  Not
sure if it's a crazy idea or a great idea, since I don't do very many
criss-cross merges myself.



Hope that helps,
Elijah

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Elijah Newren wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 10:57 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:

> > Or just use the base of the virtual merge:
> > 
> >   <<<<<<< HEAD
> >   D
> >   ||||||| merged common ancestors
> >   1
> >   =======
> >   C
> >   >>>>>>> C
> 
> I think that implementing this choice would look like this (again, not
> compiled or tested and I'm not familiar with xdiff so take it with a
> big grain of salt):
> 
> 
> diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
> index 095a4d820e..dbc7f76951 100644
> --- a/ll-merge.c
> +++ b/ll-merge.c
> @@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
>  	memset(&xmp, 0, sizeof(xmp));
>  	xmp.level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS;
>  	xmp.favor = opts->variant;
> +	if (git_xmerge_style >= 0 && opts->virtual_ancestor)
> +		xmp.favor = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE;

The only time git_xmerge_style isn't >= 0 is when no merge style has
been configured by the user.

I don't see why this:

  git -c merge.conflictstyle=merge merge

Should have a different behavior than this:

  git merge

In fact, I don't see why any style should change that desired behavior.
If you said there's issues with the "merge" style too, perhaps the above
will help for those cases too.

> > We don't have to use diff3 all the way.
> 
> Right, thus my mention in the other email to consider adding a
> XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE -- which you then also mention here in your third
> option, and which I've now given at least a partial patch for.  Not
> sure if it's a crazy idea or a great idea, since I don't do very many
> criss-cross merges myself.

I thought you meant as a separate configurable flag, not something done
by default.

Now that I understand what you meant I think it could be a great idea.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Elijah Newren]

On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 2:05 PM Felipe Contreras
<felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Elijah Newren wrote:
> > On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 10:57 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> > > Or just use the base of the virtual merge:
> > >
> > >   <<<<<<< HEAD
> > >   D
> > >   ||||||| merged common ancestors
> > >   1
> > >   =======
> > >   C
> > >   >>>>>>> C
> >
> > I think that implementing this choice would look like this (again, not
> > compiled or tested and I'm not familiar with xdiff so take it with a
> > big grain of salt):
> >
> >
> > diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
> > index 095a4d820e..dbc7f76951 100644
> > --- a/ll-merge.c
> > +++ b/ll-merge.c
> > @@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
> >       memset(&xmp, 0, sizeof(xmp));
> >       xmp.level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS;
> >       xmp.favor = opts->variant;
> > +     if (git_xmerge_style >= 0 && opts->virtual_ancestor)
> > +             xmp.favor = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE;
>
> The only time git_xmerge_style isn't >= 0 is when no merge style has
> been configured by the user.

Yep, probably should have just been

+     if (opts->virtual_ancestor)
+             xmp.favor = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE;

Though the difference doesn't matter a lot.  Since
merge.conflictStyle=merge (which is the current default) doesn't
display the contents from the merge base in a three-way content merge,
setting xmp.favor to XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE vs. leaving it as 0 for the
recursive/intermediate merges won't generally end up affecting the end
result.  It'd only matter for diff3 and zdiff3 users.


Going on a slight tangent, I think there's actually a related bug
here.  We probably should not honor XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_{OURS,THEIRS} when
opts->virtual_ancestor is true; that's just asking for trouble.  I
think it'd paradoxically result in reversing the desired behavior
(e.g. users would see what they'd consider XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_THEIRS
behavior when they asked for XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS) in some cases as a
result.

> In fact, I don't see why any style should change that desired behavior.
> If you said there's issues with the "merge" style too, perhaps the above
> will help for those cases too.
>
> > > We don't have to use diff3 all the way.
> >
> > Right, thus my mention in the other email to consider adding a
> > XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE -- which you then also mention here in your third
> > option, and which I've now given at least a partial patch for.  Not
> > sure if it's a crazy idea or a great idea, since I don't do very many
> > criss-cross merges myself.
>
> I thought you meant as a separate configurable flag, not something done
> by default.
>
> Now that I understand what you meant I think it could be a great idea.

If someone that does lots of criss-cross merges can comment on the
idea, and agree that it's worth a shot, I can try to turn it into real
patches.

(I might even try to investigate the zdiff3 stuff too, which sounds
like something I've wanted many times...but I'd really rather
concentrate on merge-ort until its upstreaming is finished.)

Re: [PATCH 7/7] xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle

[Felipe Contreras]

Elijah Newren wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 2:05 PM Felipe Contreras
> <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Elijah Newren wrote:
> > > On Fri, Jun 11, 2021 at 10:57 AM Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > > > Or just use the base of the virtual merge:
> > > >
> > > >   <<<<<<< HEAD
> > > >   D
> > > >   ||||||| merged common ancestors
> > > >   1
> > > >   =======
> > > >   C
> > > >   >>>>>>> C
> > >
> > > I think that implementing this choice would look like this (again, not
> > > compiled or tested and I'm not familiar with xdiff so take it with a
> > > big grain of salt):
> > >
> > >
> > > diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
> > > index 095a4d820e..dbc7f76951 100644
> > > --- a/ll-merge.c
> > > +++ b/ll-merge.c
> > > @@ -130,6 +130,8 @@ static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
> > >       memset(&xmp, 0, sizeof(xmp));
> > >       xmp.level = XDL_MERGE_ZEALOUS;
> > >       xmp.favor = opts->variant;
> > > +     if (git_xmerge_style >= 0 && opts->virtual_ancestor)
> > > +             xmp.favor = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE;
> >
> > The only time git_xmerge_style isn't >= 0 is when no merge style has
> > been configured by the user.
> 
> Yep, probably should have just been
> 
> +     if (opts->virtual_ancestor)
> +             xmp.favor = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE;
> 
> Though the difference doesn't matter a lot.  Since
> merge.conflictStyle=merge (which is the current default) doesn't
> display the contents from the merge base in a three-way content merge,
> setting xmp.favor to XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE vs. leaving it as 0 for the
> recursive/intermediate merges won't generally end up affecting the end
> result.  It'd only matter for diff3 and zdiff3 users.

OK, so:

  if (git_xmerge_style > 0 && opts->virtual_ancestor)

> Going on a slight tangent, I think there's actually a related bug
> here.  We probably should not honor XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_{OURS,THEIRS} when
> opts->virtual_ancestor is true; that's just asking for trouble.  I
> think it'd paradoxically result in reversing the desired behavior
> (e.g. users would see what they'd consider XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_THEIRS
> behavior when they asked for XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS) in some cases as a
> result.

Maybe write a test-case and find out?

> > In fact, I don't see why any style should change that desired behavior.
> > If you said there's issues with the "merge" style too, perhaps the above
> > will help for those cases too.
> >
> > > > We don't have to use diff3 all the way.
> > >
> > > Right, thus my mention in the other email to consider adding a
> > > XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_BASE -- which you then also mention here in your third
> > > option, and which I've now given at least a partial patch for.  Not
> > > sure if it's a crazy idea or a great idea, since I don't do very many
> > > criss-cross merges myself.
> >
> > I thought you meant as a separate configurable flag, not something done
> > by default.
> >
> > Now that I understand what you meant I think it could be a great idea.
> 
> If someone that does lots of criss-cross merges can comment on the
> idea, and agree that it's worth a shot, I can try to turn it into real
> patches.

I would flip the conditional: if nobody that does lots of criss-crosses
objects...

If we waited for a tiny minority of users to speak up before doing
something we migth wait forever.

> (I might even try to investigate the zdiff3 stuff too, which sounds
> like something I've wanted many times...but I'd really rather
> concentrate on merge-ort until its upstreaming is finished.)

Well, I just re-sent the patch:

https://lore.kernel.org/git/20210613143155.836591-1-felipe.contreras@gmail.com/

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras

Re: [PATCH 0/7] Make diff3 the default conflict style

[Phillip Wood]

On 09/06/2021 20:28, Felipe Contreras wrote:
> This patch series turned out much more complicated that simply flipping
> the switch and dealing with the consequences. Apparently some commands
> are completely ignoring the configuration (notes and merge-tree), and
> others are handling it wrong (checkout).
> 
> So in preparation I created a new test to make sure these rowdy
> commands handle the configuration correctly, and then step by step I fix
> them.
> 
> Once all the commands are fixed I proceed to cleanup xdiff-interface in
> preparation for the switch.
> 
> And finally once the switch is flipped the documnetation is updated, and
> funch of test scripts receive a temporary configuration that returns
> them to the old "merge" (diff2) behavior so they pass with minimum
> changes.
> 
> I have already written patches to update the tests so no configuration
> is needed and they parse the diff3 style directly, but the series is
> already quite verbose as it is.
> 
> One salient thorn is that from my point of view merge_recursive_config()
> is implemtend wrongly and thus can't be called as other configuration
> functions, like git_diff_basic_config(). It seems there's a huge area of
> opportunity there to clean all that up, but that's for another series.

Regrettably I shall not be commenting further on these or any future 
patches from you. I do not feel it would be a productive use of my time 
as you have not entered into the kind of constructive discussion that is 
the expected norm on this list.

Best Wishes

Phillip

> Felipe Contreras (7):
>    test: add merge style config test
>    merge-tree: fix merge.conflictstyle handling
>    notes: fix merge.conflictstyle handling
>    checkout: fix merge.conflictstyle handling
>    xdiff: rename XDL_MERGE_STYLE_DIFF3
>    xdiff: simplify style assignments
>    xdiff: make diff3 the default conflictStyle
> 
>   Documentation/config/merge.txt           |  12 +--
>   Documentation/git-merge-file.txt         |   2 +
>   Documentation/git-merge.txt              |  28 ++----
>   Documentation/git-rerere.txt             |   2 +-
>   Documentation/gitattributes.txt          |   6 +-
>   Documentation/technical/rerere.txt       |   3 +-
>   Documentation/user-manual.txt            |   6 +-
>   builtin/merge-file.c                     |   5 +-
>   builtin/merge-recursive.c                |   3 +
>   builtin/merge-tree.c                     |   4 +
>   builtin/merge.c                          |   4 +
>   builtin/notes.c                          |   3 +-
>   ll-merge.c                               |   3 +-
>   merge-recursive.c                        |   2 +-
>   sequencer.c                              |   5 +
>   t/t2023-checkout-m.sh                    |   2 +
>   t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh    |   2 +
>   t/t3311-notes-merge-fanout.sh            |   2 +
>   t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh            |   2 +
>   t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh          |   2 +
>   t/t4017-diff-retval.sh                   |   2 +
>   t/t4048-diff-combined-binary.sh          |   2 +
>   t/t4200-rerere.sh                        |   2 +
>   t/t4300-merge-tree.sh                    |   2 +
>   t/t6402-merge-rename.sh                  |   2 +
>   t/t6403-merge-file.sh                    |   2 +
>   t/t6404-recursive-merge.sh               |   2 +
>   t/t6416-recursive-corner-cases.sh        |   2 +
>   t/t6417-merge-ours-theirs.sh             |   2 +
>   t/t6418-merge-text-auto.sh               |   2 +
>   t/t6422-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh     |   2 +
>   t/t6423-merge-rename-directories.sh      |   1 +
>   t/t6428-merge-conflicts-sparse.sh        |   1 +
>   t/t6432-merge-recursive-space-options.sh |   2 +
>   t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh       | 123 +++++++++++++++++++++++
>   t/t7201-co.sh                            |   2 +
>   t/t7506-status-submodule.sh              |   1 +
>   xdiff-interface.c                        |   6 +-
>   xdiff/xdiff.h                            |   3 +-
>   xdiff/xmerge.c                           |   4 +-
>   40 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)
>   create mode 100755 t/t6440-config-conflict-markers.sh
> 

Re: [PATCH 0/7] Make diff3 the default conflict style

[Felipe Contreras]

Phillip Wood wrote:
> Regrettably I shall not be commenting further on these or any future 
> patches from you. I do not feel it would be a productive use of my time 
> as you have not entered into the kind of constructive discussion that is 
> the expected norm on this list.

Please let me know where exactly I have ignored your feedback or engaged
in any kind of unconstructive discussion with you.

Without any actual proof I don't think the above is an accurate
assessment.

Also, in my opinion it's bad manners to say "I don't like you and I'm
going to mute you". Just mute.

Cheers.

-- 
Felipe Contreras