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* [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (21 more replies)
  0 siblings, 22 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys

The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.

This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.

Han-Wen Nienhuys (19):
  hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  reftable: add error related functionality
  reftable: utility functions
  reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  reftable: reading/writing blocks
  reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  reftable: write reftable files
  reftable: generic interface to tables
  reftable: read reftable files
  reftable: reftable file level tests
  reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  reftable: add merged table view
  reftable: implement refname validation
  reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  reftable: add dump utility
  Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.

 Makefile                                   |   53 +-
 ci/lib.sh                                  |    1 +
 compat/.gitattributes                      |    1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c                  |   92 ++
 config.mak.uname                           |    1 +
 configure.ac                               |   13 +
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |   14 +-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |   11 +-
 hash.h                                     |    6 +
 object-file.c                              |    7 +-
 reftable/LICENSE                           |   31 +
 reftable/basics.c                          |  128 ++
 reftable/basics.h                          |   60 +
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |   98 ++
 reftable/block.c                           |  448 +++++++
 reftable/block.h                           |  127 ++
 reftable/block_test.c                      |  120 ++
 reftable/blocksource.c                     |  148 +++
 reftable/blocksource.h                     |   22 +
 reftable/constants.h                       |   21 +
 reftable/dump.c                            |  107 ++
 reftable/error.c                           |   41 +
 reftable/generic.c                         |  169 +++
 reftable/generic.h                         |   32 +
 reftable/iter.c                            |  194 +++
 reftable/iter.h                            |   69 +
 reftable/merged.c                          |  362 +++++
 reftable/merged.h                          |   35 +
 reftable/merged_test.c                     |  292 ++++
 reftable/pq.c                              |  115 ++
 reftable/pq.h                              |   32 +
 reftable/pq_test.c                         |   72 +
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |   58 +
 reftable/reader.c                          |  801 +++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h                          |   66 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c                  |  652 +++++++++
 reftable/record.c                          | 1212 +++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h                          |  139 ++
 reftable/record_test.c                     |  412 ++++++
 reftable/refname.c                         |  209 +++
 reftable/refname.h                         |   29 +
 reftable/refname_test.c                    |  102 ++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h            |   49 +
 reftable/reftable-error.h                  |   62 +
 reftable/reftable-generic.h                |   47 +
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h               |   39 +
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |   18 +
 reftable/reftable-merged.h                 |   72 +
 reftable/reftable-reader.h                 |  101 ++
 reftable/reftable-record.h                 |  114 ++
 reftable/reftable-stack.h                  |  128 ++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |   23 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h                 |  148 +++
 reftable/reftable.c                        |  115 ++
 reftable/stack.c                           | 1396 ++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h                           |   41 +
 reftable/stack_test.c                      |  949 +++++++++++++
 reftable/system.h                          |   24 +
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |   23 +
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |   53 +
 reftable/tree.c                            |   63 +
 reftable/tree.h                            |   34 +
 reftable/tree_test.c                       |   61 +
 reftable/writer.c                          |  690 ++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h                          |   50 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   21 +
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |    4 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |    2 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |   15 +
 69 files changed, 10932 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh


base-commit: c4203212e360b25a1c69467b5a8437d45a373cac
Published-As: https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/releases/tag/pr-git-1081%2Fhanwen%2Fjust-library-v1
Fetch-It-Via: git fetch https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git pr-git-1081/hanwen/just-library-v1
Pull-Request: https://github.com/git/git/pull/1081
-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (20 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will simplify referencing them from code that is not deeply integrated with
Git, in particular, the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 hash.h        | 6 ++++++
 object-file.c | 7 ++-----
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
index 9e25c40e9ac..5d40368f18a 100644
--- a/hash.h
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -95,12 +95,18 @@ static inline void git_SHA256_Clone(git_SHA256_CTX *dst, const git_SHA256_CTX *s
 /* Number of algorithms supported (including unknown). */
 #define GIT_HASH_NALGOS (GIT_HASH_SHA256 + 1)
 
+/* "sha1", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID 0x73686131
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-1 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ 20
 #define GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)
 /* The block size of SHA-1. */
 #define GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ 64
 
+/* "s256", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID 0x73323536
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-256 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ 32
 #define GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ)
diff --git a/object-file.c b/object-file.c
index a8be8994814..7bfd5e6e2e9 100644
--- a/object-file.c
+++ b/object-file.c
@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ static void git_hash_unknown_final_oid(struct object_id *oid, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 	BUG("trying to finalize unknown hash");
 }
 
-
 const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	{
 		NULL,
@@ -183,8 +182,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha1",
-		/* "sha1", big-endian */
-		0x73686131,
+		GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ,
@@ -199,8 +197,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha256",
-		/* "s256", big-endian */
-		0x73323536,
+		GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_BLKSZ,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (19 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The objective of this code is to be usable as a C library, so it can be reused
in libgit2.

This is currently using a BSD license as it is the liberal license I could find,
but this could be changed to whatever fits the stated goal above.

This code is currently imported from github.com/hanwen/reftable. Once this code
lands in git.git, the C code will be removed from github.com/hanwen/reftable,
and the git.git code will be the source of truth.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/LICENSE | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE

diff --git a/reftable/LICENSE b/reftable/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..402e0f9356b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+BSD License
+
+Copyright (c) 2020, Google LLC
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of Google LLC nor the names of its contributors may
+be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (18 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable/ directory is structured as a library, so it cannot
crash on misuse. Instead, it returns an error codes.

In addition, the error code can be used to signal conditions from lower levels
of the library to be handled by higher levels of the library. For example, a
transaction might legitimately write an empty reftable file, but in that case,
we'd want to shortcut the transaction overhead.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/error.c          | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-error.h | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 103 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h

diff --git a/reftable/error.c b/reftable/error.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f6f16def921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/error.c
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err)
+{
+	static char buf[250];
+	switch (err) {
+	case REFTABLE_IO_ERROR:
+		return "I/O error";
+	case REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR:
+		return "corrupt reftable file";
+	case REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR:
+		return "file does not exist";
+	case REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR:
+		return "data is outdated";
+	case REFTABLE_API_ERROR:
+		return "misuse of the reftable API";
+	case REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR:
+		return "zlib failure";
+	case REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT:
+		return "file/directory conflict";
+	case REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR:
+		return "wrote empty table";
+	case REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR:
+		return "invalid refname";
+	case -1:
+		return "general error";
+	default:
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "unknown error code %d", err);
+		return buf;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-error.h b/reftable/reftable-error.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6f89bedf1a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+
+/*
+ * Errors in reftable calls are signaled with negative integer return values. 0
+ * means success.
+ */
+enum reftable_error {
+	/* Unexpected file system behavior */
+	REFTABLE_IO_ERROR = -2,
+
+	/* Format inconsistency on reading data */
+	REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR = -3,
+
+	/* File does not exist. Returned from block_source_from_file(), because
+	 * it needs special handling in stack.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR = -4,
+
+	/* Trying to write out-of-date data. */
+	REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR = -5,
+
+	/* Misuse of the API:
+	 *  - on writing a record with NULL refname.
+	 *  - on writing a reftable_ref_record outside the table limits
+	 *  - on writing a ref or log record before the stack's
+	 * next_update_inde*x
+	 *  - on writing a log record with multiline message with
+	 *  exact_log_message unset
+	 *  - on reading a reftable_ref_record from log iterator, or vice versa.
+	 *
+	 * When a call misuses the API, the internal state of the library is
+	 * kept unchanged.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_API_ERROR = -6,
+
+	/* Decompression error */
+	REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR = -7,
+
+	/* Wrote a table without blocks. */
+	REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR = -8,
+
+	/* Dir/file conflict. */
+	REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT = -9,
+
+	/* Invalid ref name. */
+	REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR = -10,
+};
+
+/* convert the numeric error code to a string. The string should not be
+ * deallocated. */
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 04/19] reftable: utility functions
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (2 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (17 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This commit provides basic utility classes for the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
---
 Makefile                                   |  25 +++-
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |  14 ++-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |  11 +-
 reftable/basics.c                          | 128 +++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/basics.h                          |  60 ++++++++++
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |  98 ++++++++++++++++
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |  58 ++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |  18 +++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |  22 ++++
 reftable/system.h                          |  24 ++++
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |  23 ++++
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |  53 +++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   9 ++
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |   3 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |   1 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |  15 +++
 16 files changed, 555 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d1feab008fc..98c965c61fd 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -743,6 +743,7 @@ TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-cache.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-graph.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-midx.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-ref-store.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-reftable.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-regex.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-repository.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-revision-walking.o
@@ -821,6 +822,8 @@ TEST_SHELL_PATH = $(SHELL_PATH)
 
 LIB_FILE = libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB = xdiff/lib.a
+REFTABLE_LIB = reftable/libreftable.a
+REFTABLE_TEST_LIB = reftable/libreftable_test.a
 
 GENERATED_H += command-list.h
 GENERATED_H += config-list.h
@@ -1195,7 +1198,7 @@ THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += compat/regex/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1collisiondetection/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1dc/%
 
-GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB)
 EXTLIBS =
 
 GIT_USER_AGENT = git/$(GIT_VERSION)
@@ -2446,7 +2449,15 @@ XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xutils.o
 .PHONY: xdiff-objs
 xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
+
 .PHONY: test-objs
 test-objs: $(TEST_OBJS)
 
@@ -2462,6 +2473,8 @@ OBJECTS += $(PROGRAM_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(TEST_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(FUZZ_OBJS)
+OBJECTS += $(REFTABLE_OBJS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+
 ifndef NO_CURL
 	OBJECTS += http.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o
 endif
@@ -2612,6 +2625,12 @@ $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
 $(XDIFF_LIB): $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 	$(QUIET_AR)$(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
 
+$(REFTABLE_LIB): $(REFTABLE_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
+$(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB): $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
 export DEFAULT_EDITOR DEFAULT_PAGER
 
 Documentation/GIT-EXCLUDED-PROGRAMS: FORCE
@@ -2904,7 +2923,7 @@ perf: all
 
 t/helper/test-tool$X: $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
-t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
+t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(filter %.a,$^) $(LIBS)
 
 check-sha1:: t/helper/test-tool$X
@@ -3234,7 +3253,7 @@ cocciclean:
 clean: profile-clean coverage-clean cocciclean
 	$(RM) *.res
 	$(RM) $(OBJECTS)
-	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
 	$(RM) $(FUZZ_PROGRAMS)
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
index 171b4124afe..c2bf5bdffc6 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -640,6 +640,12 @@ parse_makefile_for_sources(libxdiff_SOURCES "XDIFF_OBJS")
 list(TRANSFORM libxdiff_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
 add_library(xdiff STATIC ${libxdiff_SOURCES})
 
+#reftable
+parse_makefile_for_sources(reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_OBJS")
+
+list(TRANSFORM reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+add_library(reftable STATIC ${reftable_SOURCES})
+
 if(WIN32)
 	if(NOT MSVC)#use windres when compiling with gcc and clang
 		add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/git.res
@@ -662,7 +668,7 @@ endif()
 #link all required libraries to common-main
 add_library(common-main OBJECT ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-main.c)
 
-target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff reftable ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
 if(Intl_FOUND)
 	target_link_libraries(common-main ${Intl_LIBRARIES})
 endif()
@@ -902,11 +908,15 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
 add_executable(test-fake-ssh ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-fake-ssh.c)
 target_link_libraries(test-fake-ssh common-main)
 
+#reftable-tests
+parse_makefile_for_sources(test-reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS")
+list(TRANSFORM test-reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+
 #test-tool
 parse_makefile_for_sources(test-tool_SOURCES "TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS")
 
 list(TRANSFORM test-tool_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/")
-add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES})
+add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES} ${test-reftable_SOURCES})
 target_link_libraries(test-tool common-main)
 
 set_target_properties(test-fake-ssh test-tool
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
index d2584450ba1..1a25789d285 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ sub createProject {
     my $libs_release = "\n    ";
     my $libs_debug = "\n    ";
     if (!$static_library) {
-      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
+      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib|reftable\/libreftable\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
       $libs_debug = $libs_release;
       $libs_debug =~ s/zlib\.lib/zlibd\.lib/g;
       $libs_debug =~ s/libexpat\.lib/libexpatd\.lib/g;
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ EOM
 EOM
     if (!$static_library || $target =~ 'vcs-svn' || $target =~ 'xdiff') {
       my $uuid_libgit = $$build_structure{"LIBS_libgit_GUID"};
+      my $uuid_libreftable = $$build_structure{"LIBS_reftable/libreftable_GUID"};
       my $uuid_xdiff_lib = $$build_structure{"LIBS_xdiff/lib_GUID"};
 
       print F << "EOM";
@@ -241,6 +242,14 @@ EOM
       <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
     </ProjectReference>
 EOM
+      if (!($name =~ /xdiff|libreftable/)) {
+        print F << "EOM";
+    <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\reftable\\libreftable\\libreftable.vcxproj">
+      <Project>$uuid_libreftable</Project>
+      <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
+    </ProjectReference>
+EOM
+      }
       if (!($name =~ 'xdiff')) {
         print F << "EOM";
     <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\xdiff\\lib\\xdiff_lib.vcxproj">
diff --git a/reftable/basics.c b/reftable/basics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f761e48028c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 16) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[2] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in)
+{
+	return (uint32_t)(in[0]) << 16 | (uint32_t)(in[1]) << 8 |
+	       (uint32_t)(in[2]);
+}
+
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args)
+{
+	size_t lo = 0;
+	size_t hi = sz;
+
+	/* Invariants:
+	 *
+	 *  (hi == sz) || f(hi) == true
+	 *  (lo == 0 && f(0) == true) || fi(lo) == false
+	 */
+	while (hi - lo > 1) {
+		size_t mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
+
+		if (f(mid, args))
+			hi = mid;
+		else
+			lo = mid;
+	}
+
+	if (lo)
+		return hi;
+
+	return f(0, args) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+void free_names(char **a)
+{
+	char **p;
+	if (!a) {
+		return;
+	}
+	for (p = a; *p; p++) {
+		reftable_free(*p);
+	}
+	reftable_free(a);
+}
+
+int names_length(char **names)
+{
+	char **p = names;
+	for (; *p; p++) {
+		/* empty */
+	}
+	return p - names;
+}
+
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	size_t names_cap = 0;
+	size_t names_len = 0;
+
+	char *p = buf;
+	char *end = buf + size;
+	while (p < end) {
+		char *next = strchr(p, '\n');
+		if (next && next < end) {
+			*next = 0;
+		} else {
+			next = end;
+		}
+		if (p < next) {
+			if (names_len == names_cap) {
+				names_cap = 2 * names_cap + 1;
+				names = reftable_realloc(
+					names, names_cap * sizeof(*names));
+			}
+			names[names_len++] = xstrdup(p);
+		}
+		p = next + 1;
+	}
+
+	names = reftable_realloc(names, (names_len + 1) * sizeof(*names));
+	names[names_len] = NULL;
+	*namesp = names;
+}
+
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; a[i] && b[i]; i++) {
+		if (strcmp(a[i], b[i])) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return a[i] == b[i];
+}
+
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b)
+{
+	int p = 0;
+	for (; p < a->len && p < b->len; p++) {
+		if (a->buf[p] != b->buf[p])
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return p;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/basics.h b/reftable/basics.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..096b36862b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/*
+ * miscellaneous utilities that are not provided by Git.
+ */
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+/* Bigendian en/decoding of integers */
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i);
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in);
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i);
+
+/*
+ * find smallest index i in [0, sz) at which f(i) is true, assuming
+ * that f is ascending. Return sz if f(i) is false for all indices.
+ *
+ * Contrary to bsearch(3), this returns something useful if the argument is not
+ * found.
+ */
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args);
+
+/*
+ * Frees a NULL terminated array of malloced strings. The array itself is also
+ * freed.
+ */
+void free_names(char **a);
+
+/* parse a newline separated list of names. `size` is the length of the buffer,
+ * without terminating '\0'. Empty names are discarded. */
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp);
+
+/* compares two NULL-terminated arrays of strings. */
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b);
+
+/* returns the array size of a NULL-terminated array of strings. */
+int names_length(char **names);
+
+/* Allocation routines; they invoke the functions set through
+ * reftable_set_alloc() */
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz);
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz);
+void reftable_free(void *p);
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz);
+
+/* Find the longest shared prefix size of `a` and `b` */
+struct strbuf;
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/basics_test.c b/reftable/basics_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fcd2297256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct binsearch_args {
+	int key;
+	int *arr;
+};
+
+static int binsearch_func(size_t i, void *void_args)
+{
+	struct binsearch_args *args = void_args;
+
+	return args->key < args->arr[i];
+}
+
+static void test_binsearch(void)
+{
+	int arr[] = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
+	size_t sz = ARRAY_SIZE(arr);
+	struct binsearch_args args = {
+		.arr = arr,
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < 11; i++) {
+		int res;
+		args.key = i;
+		res = binsearch(sz, &binsearch_func, &args);
+
+		if (res < sz) {
+			EXPECT(args.key < arr[res]);
+			if (res > 0) {
+				EXPECT(args.key >= arr[res - 1]);
+			}
+		} else {
+			EXPECT(args.key == 10 || args.key == 11);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_names_length(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+	EXPECT(names_length(a) == 2);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_normal(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\nb\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[1], "b"));
+	EXPECT(!out[2]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_drop_empty(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\n\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!out[1]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf s1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf s2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&s1, "abcdef");
+	strbuf_addstr(&s2, "abc");
+	EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&s1, &s2) == 3);
+	strbuf_release(&s1);
+	strbuf_release(&s2);
+}
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_normal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_drop_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_binsearch);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_length);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/publicbasics.c b/reftable/publicbasics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd0a02d3f68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/publicbasics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-malloc.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz) = &malloc;
+static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t) = &realloc;
+static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *) = &free;
+
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	return (*reftable_malloc_ptr)(sz);
+}
+
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz)
+{
+	return (*reftable_realloc_ptr)(p, sz);
+}
+
+void reftable_free(void *p)
+{
+	reftable_free_ptr(p);
+}
+
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	void *p = reftable_malloc(sz);
+	memset(p, 0, sz);
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *))
+{
+	reftable_malloc_ptr = malloc;
+	reftable_realloc_ptr = realloc;
+	reftable_free_ptr = free;
+}
+
+int hash_size(uint32_t id)
+{
+	switch (id) {
+	case 0:
+	case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ;
+	case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-malloc.h b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f2185f1f34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_H
+#define REFTABLE_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/* Overrides the functions to use for memory management. */
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *));
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e7698ae654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+#define REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/system.h b/reftable/system.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f62827b83b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/system.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef SYSTEM_H
+#define SYSTEM_H
+
+/* This header glues the reftable library to the rest of Git */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "hash.h" /* hash ID, sizes.*/
+#include "dir.h" /* remove_dir_recursively, for tests.*/
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+struct strbuf;
+int hash_size(uint32_t id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.c b/reftable/test_framework.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84ac972cad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i)
+{
+	memset(p, (uint8_t)i, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+}
+
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	strbuf_add(b, data, sz);
+	return sz;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.h b/reftable/test_framework.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..774cb275bf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+#define TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#define EXPECT_ERR(c)                                                  \
+	if (c != 0) {                                                  \
+		fflush(stderr);                                        \
+		fflush(stdout);                                        \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: error == %d (%s), want 0\n",  \
+			__FILE__, __LINE__, c, reftable_error_str(c)); \
+		abort();                                               \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT_STREQ(a, b)                                               \
+	if (strcmp(a, b)) {                                              \
+		fflush(stderr);                                          \
+		fflush(stdout);                                          \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s (%s) != %s (%s)\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #a, a, #b, b);                         \
+		abort();                                                 \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT(c)                                                          \
+	if (!(c)) {                                                        \
+		fflush(stderr);                                            \
+		fflush(stdout);                                            \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: failed assertion %s\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #c);                                     \
+		abort();                                                   \
+	}
+
+#define RUN_TEST(f)                          \
+	fprintf(stderr, "running %s\n", #f); \
+	fflush(stderr);                      \
+	f();
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i);
+
+/* Like strbuf_add, but suitable for passing to reftable_new_writer
+ */
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b58e423e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "reftable/reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test-tool.h"
+
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index 3ce5585e53a..f7c888ffda7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -53,13 +53,14 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "pcre2-config", cmd__pcre2_config },
 	{ "pkt-line", cmd__pkt_line },
 	{ "prio-queue", cmd__prio_queue },
-	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive},
+	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive },
 	{ "progress", cmd__progress },
 	{ "reach", cmd__reach },
 	{ "read-cache", cmd__read_cache },
 	{ "read-graph", cmd__read_graph },
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
+	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 9f0f5228508..25f77469146 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ int cmd__read_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_graph(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_midx(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__ref_store(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__regex(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__repository(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__revision_walking(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..0ed14971a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020 Google LLC
+#
+
+test_description='reftable unittests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'unittests' '
+	TMPDIR=$(pwd) && export TMPDIR &&
+	test-tool reftable
+'
+
+test_done
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (3 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (16 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is usually used with files for storage. However, we abstract
away this using the blocksource data structure. This has two advantages:

* log blocks are zlib compressed, and handling them is simplified if we can
  discard byte segments from within the block layer.

* for unittests, it is useful to read and write in-memory. The blocksource
  allows us to abstract the data away from on-disk files.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                        |   1 +
 reftable/blocksource.c          | 148 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/blocksource.h          |  22 +++++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h |  49 +++++++++++
 4 files changed, 220 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 98c965c61fd..621ac53d09f 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2451,6 +2451,7 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.c b/reftable/blocksource.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0044eecd9aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.c
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+static void strbuf_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void strbuf_close(void *b)
+{
+}
+
+static int strbuf_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			     uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct strbuf *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->len);
+	dest->data = reftable_calloc(size);
+	memcpy(dest->data, b->buf + off, size);
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static uint64_t strbuf_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct strbuf *)b)->len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable strbuf_vtable = {
+	.size = &strbuf_size,
+	.read_block = &strbuf_read_block,
+	.return_block = &strbuf_return_block,
+	.close = &strbuf_close,
+};
+
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &strbuf_vtable;
+	bs->arg = buf;
+}
+
+static void malloc_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable malloc_vtable = {
+	.return_block = &malloc_return_block,
+};
+
+static struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source_instance = {
+	.ops = &malloc_vtable,
+};
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void)
+{
+	return malloc_block_source_instance;
+}
+
+struct file_block_source {
+	int fd;
+	uint64_t size;
+};
+
+static uint64_t file_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct file_block_source *)b)->size;
+}
+
+static void file_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void file_close(void *b)
+{
+	int fd = ((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd;
+	if (fd > 0) {
+		close(fd);
+		((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd = 0;
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(b);
+}
+
+static int file_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			   uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct file_block_source *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->size);
+	dest->data = reftable_malloc(size);
+	if (pread(b->fd, dest->data, size, off) != size)
+		return -1;
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable file_vtable = {
+	.size = &file_size,
+	.read_block = &file_read_block,
+	.return_block = &file_return_block,
+	.close = &file_close,
+};
+
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+				    const char *name)
+{
+	struct stat st = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	struct file_block_source *p = NULL;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			return REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR;
+		}
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	err = fstat(fd, &st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	p = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct file_block_source));
+	p->size = st.st_size;
+	p->fd = fd;
+
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &file_vtable;
+	bs->arg = p;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.h b/reftable/blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..072e2727ad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct reftable_block_source;
+
+/* Create an in-memory block source for reading reftables */
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf);
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5aa3990a573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/* block_source is a generic wrapper for a seekable readable file.
+ */
+struct reftable_block_source {
+	struct reftable_block_source_vtable *ops;
+	void *arg;
+};
+
+/* a contiguous segment of bytes. It keeps track of its generating block_source
+ * so it can return itself into the pool. */
+struct reftable_block {
+	uint8_t *data;
+	int len;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+};
+
+/* block_source_vtable are the operations that make up block_source */
+struct reftable_block_source_vtable {
+	/* returns the size of a block source */
+	uint64_t (*size)(void *source);
+
+	/* reads a segment from the block source. It is an error to read
+	   beyond the end of the block */
+	int (*read_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *dest,
+			  uint64_t off, uint32_t size);
+	/* mark the block as read; may return the data back to malloc */
+	void (*return_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *blockp);
+
+	/* release all resources associated with the block source */
+	void (*close)(void *source);
+};
+
+/* opens a file on the file system as a block_source */
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *block_src,
+				    const char *name);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (4 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (15 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of blocks, and each block
contains a sequence of prefix-compressed key-value records. There are 4 types of
records, and they have similarities in how they must be handled. This is
achieved by introducing a polymorphic 'record' type that encapsulates ref, log,
index and object records.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |    2 +
 reftable/constants.h       |   21 +
 reftable/record.c          | 1212 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h          |  139 +++++
 reftable/record_test.c     |  412 ++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-record.h |  114 ++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |    2 +-
 7 files changed, 1901 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 621ac53d09f..02a83a67467 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2453,7 +2453,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/constants.h b/reftable/constants.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5eee72c4c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/constants.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef CONSTANTS_H
+#define CONSTANTS_H
+
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_LOG 'g'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX 'i'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_REF 'r'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ 'o'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_ANY 0
+
+#define MAX_RESTARTS ((1 << 16) - 1)
+#define DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE 4096
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record.c b/reftable/record.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a5dac32dc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1212 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+/* record.c - methods for different types of records. */
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in)
+{
+	int ptr = 0;
+	uint64_t val;
+
+	if (in->len == 0)
+		return -1;
+	val = in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f;
+
+	while (in->buf[ptr] & 0x80) {
+		ptr++;
+		if (ptr > in->len) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		val = (val + 1) << 7 | (uint64_t)(in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f);
+	}
+
+	*dest = val;
+	return ptr + 1;
+}
+
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val)
+{
+	uint8_t buf[10] = { 0 };
+	int i = 9;
+	int n = 0;
+	buf[i] = (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+	i--;
+	while (1) {
+		val >>= 7;
+		if (!val) {
+			break;
+		}
+		val--;
+		buf[i] = 0x80 | (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+		i--;
+	}
+
+	n = sizeof(buf) - i - 1;
+	if (dest->len < n)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest->buf, &buf[i + 1], n);
+	return n;
+}
+
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX:
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return rec->value.val1;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.target_value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int decode_string(struct strbuf *dest, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t tsize = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&tsize, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	if (in.len < tsize)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, in.buf, tsize);
+	string_view_consume(&in, tsize);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int encode_string(char *str, struct string_view s)
+{
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int l = strlen(str);
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, l);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	if (s.len < l)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(s.buf, str, l);
+	string_view_consume(&s, l);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_encode_key(int *restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra)
+{
+	struct string_view start = dest;
+	int prefix_len = common_prefix_size(&prev_key, &key);
+	uint64_t suffix_len = key.len - prefix_len;
+	int n = put_var_int(&dest, (uint64_t)prefix_len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	*restart = (prefix_len == 0);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&dest, suffix_len << 3 | (uint64_t)extra);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	if (dest.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest.buf, key.buf + prefix_len, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&dest, suffix_len);
+
+	return start.len - dest.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t prefix_len = 0;
+	uint64_t suffix_len = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&prefix_len, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	if (prefix_len > last_key.len)
+		return -1;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&suffix_len, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	*extra = (uint8_t)(suffix_len & 0x7);
+	suffix_len >>= 3;
+
+	if (in.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(key);
+	strbuf_add(key, last_key.buf, prefix_len);
+	strbuf_add(key, in.buf, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&in, suffix_len);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, rec->refname);
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec;
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *src = src_rec;
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	/* This is simple and correct, but we could probably reuse the hash
+	 * fields. */
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	if (src->refname) {
+		ref->refname = xstrdup(src->refname);
+	}
+	ref->update_index = src->update_index;
+	ref->value_type = src->value_type;
+	switch (src->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		ref->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val1, src->value.val1, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		ref->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.value, src->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		ref->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.target_value,
+		       src->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		ref->value.symref = xstrdup(src->value.symref);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static char hexdigit(int c)
+{
+	if (c <= 9)
+		return '0' + c;
+	return 'a' + (c - 10);
+}
+
+static void hex_format(char *dest, uint8_t *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (src) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < hash_size; i++) {
+			dest[2 * i] = hexdigit(src[i] >> 4);
+			dest[2 * i + 1] = hexdigit(src[i] & 0xf);
+		}
+		dest[2 * hash_size] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 }; /* BUG */
+	printf("ref{%s(%" PRIu64 ") ", ref->refname, ref->update_index);
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		printf("=> %s", ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.value, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 2 %s", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			   hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("(T %s)", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val1, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 1 %s", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		printf("delete");
+		break;
+	}
+	printf("}\n");
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	reftable_ref_record_release(rec);
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.target_value);
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.value);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val1);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(ref->refname);
+	memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_ref_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	return r->value_type;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, r->update_index);
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		n = encode_string(r->value.symref, s);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (s.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (s.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val1, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	uint64_t update_index = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&update_index, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(r);
+
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->update_index = update_index;
+	r->refname[key.len] = 0;
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	switch (val_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (in.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val1, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (in.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+
+		r->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.target_value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF: {
+		struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+		r->value.symref = dest.buf;
+	} break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_ref_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_ref_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_REF,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_ref_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_ref_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_ref_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_ref_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_ref_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, rec->hash_prefix, rec->hash_prefix_len);
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->hash_prefix);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->offsets);
+	memset(obj, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_obj_record_release(obj);
+	*obj = *src;
+	obj->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(obj->hash_prefix_len);
+	memcpy(obj->hash_prefix, src->hash_prefix, obj->hash_prefix_len);
+
+	obj->offsets = reftable_malloc(obj->offset_len * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	COPY_ARRAY(obj->offsets, src->offsets, obj->offset_len);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_obj_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	if (r->offset_len > 0 && r->offset_len < 8)
+		return r->offset_len;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int i = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last = 0;
+	if (r->offset_len == 0 || r->offset_len >= 8) {
+		n = put_var_int(&s, r->offset_len);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	}
+	if (r->offset_len == 0)
+		return start.len - s.len;
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[0]);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	for (i = 1; i < r->offset_len; i++) {
+		int n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[i] - last);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		last = r->offsets[i];
+	}
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t count = val_type;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last;
+	int j;
+	r->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(key.len);
+	memcpy(r->hash_prefix, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->hash_prefix_len = key.len;
+
+	if (val_type == 0) {
+		n = get_var_int(&count, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	}
+
+	r->offsets = NULL;
+	r->offset_len = 0;
+	if (count == 0)
+		return start.len - in.len;
+
+	r->offsets = reftable_malloc(count * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	r->offset_len = count;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offsets[0], &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	j = 1;
+	while (j < count) {
+		uint64_t delta = 0;
+		int n = get_var_int(&delta, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+		last = r->offsets[j] = (delta + last);
+		j++;
+	}
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int not_a_deletion(const void *p)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_obj_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_obj_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_obj_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_obj_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_obj_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_obj_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_obj_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 };
+
+	switch (log->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") delete", log->refname,
+		       log->update_index);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") %s <%s> %" PRIu64 " %04d\n",
+		       log->refname, log->update_index, log->value.update.name,
+		       log->value.update.email, log->value.update.time,
+		       log->value.update.tz_offset);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.old_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s => ", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.new_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s\n\n%s\n}\n", hex, log->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)r;
+	int len = strlen(rec->refname);
+	uint8_t i64[8];
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, (uint8_t *)rec->refname, len + 1);
+
+	ts = (~ts) - rec->update_index;
+	put_be64(&i64[0], ts);
+	strbuf_add(dest, i64, sizeof(i64));
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_log_record_release(dst);
+	*dst = *src;
+	if (dst->refname) {
+		dst->refname = xstrdup(dst->refname);
+	}
+	switch (dst->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		if (dst->value.update.email) {
+			dst->value.update.email =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.email);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.name) {
+			dst->value.update.name =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.name);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.message) {
+			dst->value.update.message =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.message);
+		}
+
+		if (dst->value.update.new_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.new_hash,
+			       src->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.old_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.old_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.old_hash,
+			       src->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	reftable_log_record_release(r);
+}
+
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *r)
+{
+	reftable_free(r->refname);
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.new_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.old_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.name);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.email);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_log_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *log =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)rec;
+
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static uint8_t zero[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+
+static int reftable_log_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint8_t *oldh = NULL;
+	uint8_t *newh = NULL;
+	if (reftable_log_record_is_deletion(r))
+		return 0;
+
+	oldh = r->value.update.old_hash;
+	newh = r->value.update.new_hash;
+	if (!oldh) {
+		oldh = zero;
+	}
+	if (!newh) {
+		newh = zero;
+	}
+
+	if (s.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(s.buf, oldh, hash_size);
+	memcpy(s.buf + hash_size, newh, hash_size);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.name ? r->value.update.name : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.email ? r->value.update.email : "",
+			  s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->value.update.time);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	if (s.len < 2)
+		return -1;
+
+	put_be16(s.buf, r->value.update.tz_offset);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2);
+
+	n = encode_string(
+		r->value.update.message ? r->value.update.message : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t max = 0;
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n;
+
+	if (key.len <= 9 || key.buf[key.len - 9] != 0)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len - 8);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len - 8);
+	ts = get_be64(key.buf + key.len - 8);
+
+	r->update_index = (~max) - ts;
+
+	if (val_type != r->value_type) {
+		switch (r->value_type) {
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.old_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.new_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.message);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.email);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.name);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	if (val_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (in.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->value.update.old_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+	r->value.update.new_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+
+	memcpy(r->value.update.old_hash, in.buf, hash_size);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.new_hash, in.buf + hash_size, hash_size);
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.name =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.name, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.name, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.name[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.email =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.email, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.email, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.email[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	ts = 0;
+	n = get_var_int(&ts, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	r->value.update.time = ts;
+	if (in.len < 2)
+		goto done;
+
+	r->value.update.tz_offset = get_be16(in.buf);
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.message =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.message, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.message, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.message[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+}
+
+static int null_streq(char *a, char *b)
+{
+	char *empty = "";
+	if (!a)
+		a = empty;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = empty;
+
+	return 0 == strcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+static int zero_hash_eq(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int sz)
+{
+	if (!a)
+		a = zero;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = zero;
+
+	return !memcmp(a, b, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (!(null_streq(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		return null_streq(a->value.update.name, b->value.update.name) &&
+		       a->value.update.time == b->value.update.time &&
+		       a->value.update.tz_offset == b->value.update.tz_offset &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.email,
+				  b->value.update.email) &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.message,
+				  b->value.update.message) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.old_hash,
+				    b->value.update.old_hash, hash_size) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.new_hash,
+				    b->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+	}
+
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_log_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_log_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_LOG,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_log_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_log_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_log_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_log_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_log_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF: {
+		struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ: {
+		struct reftable_obj_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG: {
+		struct reftable_log_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX: {
+		struct reftable_index_record empty = { .last_key =
+							       STRBUF_INIT };
+		struct reftable_index_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_index_record));
+		*r = empty;
+		reftable_record_from_index(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	}
+	abort();
+	return rec;
+}
+
+/* clear out the record, yielding the reftable_record data that was
+ * encapsulated. */
+static void *reftable_record_yield(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	void *p = rec->data;
+	rec->data = NULL;
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	reftable_record_release(rec);
+	reftable_free(reftable_record_yield(rec));
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *rec = r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addbuf(dest, &rec->last_key);
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					    int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_index_record *src = src_rec;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dst->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dst->last_key, &src->last_key);
+	dst->offset = src->offset;
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *idx = rec;
+	strbuf_release(&idx->last_key);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_index_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view out,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_index_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int n = put_var_int(&out, r->offset);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	return start.len - out.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+					uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_index_record *r = rec;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&r->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&r->last_key, &key);
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offset, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_index_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_index_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_index_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_index_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_index_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_index_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_index_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = &not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	rec->ops->key(rec->data, dest);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->type;
+}
+
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->encode(rec->data, dest, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(src->ops->type == rec->ops->type);
+
+	rec->ops->copy_from(rec->data, src->data, hash_size);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->val_type(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src, int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->decode(rec->data, key, extra, src, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	rec->ops->release(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->is_deletion(rec->data);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *ref_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = ref_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_ref_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *obj_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = obj_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_obj_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *index_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = index_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_index_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *log_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = log_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_log_record_vtable;
+}
+
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+static int hash_equal(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (a && b)
+		return !memcmp(a, b, hash_size);
+
+	return a == b;
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (!(0 == strcmp(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		return !strcmp(a->value.symref, b->value.symref);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val2.value, b->value.val2.value,
+				  hash_size) &&
+		       hash_equal(a->value.val2.target_value,
+				  b->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val1, b->value.val1, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strcmp(((struct reftable_ref_record *)a)->refname,
+		      ((struct reftable_ref_record *)b)->refname);
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	return ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *la = a;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *lb = b;
+
+	int cmp = strcmp(la->refname, lb->refname);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	if (la->update_index > lb->update_index)
+		return -1;
+	return (la->update_index < lb->update_index) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	return (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION);
+}
+
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n)
+{
+	s->buf += n;
+	s->len -= n;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/record.h b/reftable/record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..498e8c50bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef RECORD_H
+#define RECORD_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+/*
+ * A substring of existing string data. This structure takes no responsibility
+ * for the lifetime of the data it points to.
+ */
+struct string_view {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	size_t len;
+};
+
+/* Advance `s.buf` by `n`, and decrease length. */
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n);
+
+/* utilities for de/encoding varints */
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in);
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val);
+
+/* Methods for records. */
+struct reftable_record_vtable {
+	/* encode the key of to a uint8_t strbuf. */
+	void (*key)(const void *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+
+	/* The record type of ('r' for ref). */
+	uint8_t type;
+
+	void (*copy_from)(void *dest, const void *src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* a value of [0..7], indicating record subvariants (eg. ref vs. symref
+	 * vs ref deletion) */
+	uint8_t (*val_type)(const void *rec);
+
+	/* encodes rec into dest, returning how much space was used. */
+	int (*encode)(const void *rec, struct string_view dest, int hash_size);
+
+	/* decode data from `src` into the record. */
+	int (*decode)(void *rec, struct strbuf key, uint8_t extra,
+		      struct string_view src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* deallocate and null the record. */
+	void (*release)(void *rec);
+
+	/* is this a tombstone? */
+	int (*is_deletion)(const void *rec);
+};
+
+/* record is a generic wrapper for different types of records. */
+struct reftable_record {
+	void *data;
+	struct reftable_record_vtable *ops;
+};
+
+/* returns true for recognized block types. Block start with the block type. */
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* creates a malloced record of the given type. Dispose with record_destroy */
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* Encode `key` into `dest`. Sets `is_restart` to indicate a restart. Returns
+ * number of bytes written. */
+int reftable_encode_key(int *is_restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra);
+
+/* Decode into `key` and `extra` from `in` */
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in);
+
+/* reftable_index_record are used internally to speed up lookups. */
+struct reftable_index_record {
+	uint64_t offset; /* Offset of block */
+	struct strbuf last_key; /* Last key of the block. */
+};
+
+/* reftable_obj_record stores an object ID => ref mapping. */
+struct reftable_obj_record {
+	uint8_t *hash_prefix; /* leading bytes of the object ID */
+	int hash_prefix_len; /* number of leading bytes. Constant
+			      * across a single table. */
+	uint64_t *offsets; /* a vector of file offsets. */
+	int offset_len;
+};
+
+/* see struct record_vtable */
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size);
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* zeroes out the embedded record */
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* clear and deallocate embedded record, and zero `rec`. */
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* initialize generic records from concrete records. The generic record should
+ * be zeroed out. */
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *objrec);
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *idxrec);
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *refrec);
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *logrec);
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *ref);
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *ref);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record_test.c b/reftable/record_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4ad7cace41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_copy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_record copy =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(rec));
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	/* do it twice to catch memory leaks */
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	switch (reftable_record_type(&copy)) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(reftable_record_as_ref(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_ref(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(reftable_record_as_log(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_log(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	}
+	reftable_record_destroy(&copy);
+}
+
+static void test_varint_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint64_t inputs[] = { 0,
+			      1,
+			      27,
+			      127,
+			      128,
+			      257,
+			      4096,
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63),
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63) + ((uint64_t)1 << 63) - 1 };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(inputs); i++) {
+		uint8_t dest[10];
+
+		struct string_view out = {
+			.buf = dest,
+			.len = sizeof(dest),
+		};
+		uint64_t in = inputs[i];
+		int n = put_var_int(&out, in);
+		uint64_t got = 0;
+
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		out.len = n;
+		n = get_var_int(&got, &out);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		EXPECT(got == in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct {
+		const char *a, *b;
+		int want;
+	} cases[] = {
+		{ "abc", "ab", 2 },
+		{ "", "abc", 0 },
+		{ "abc", "abd", 2 },
+		{ "abc", "pqr", 0 },
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct strbuf a = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf b = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&a, cases[i].a);
+		strbuf_addstr(&b, cases[i].b);
+		EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&a, &b) == cases[i].want);
+
+		strbuf_release(&a);
+		strbuf_release(&b);
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_hash(uint8_t *h, int j)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID); i++) {
+		h[i] = (j >> i) & 0xff;
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+
+	for (i = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION; i < REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record in = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_ref_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+
+		int n, m;
+
+		in.value_type = i;
+		switch (i) {
+		case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+			in.value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val1, 1);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+			in.value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.value, 1);
+			in.value.val2.target_value =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.target_value, 2);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+			in.value.symref = xstrdup("target");
+			break;
+		}
+		in.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master");
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_record_val_type(&rec) == i);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		/* decode into a non-zero reftable_record to test for leaks. */
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, i, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&in, &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_equal(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+		}
+	};
+
+	EXPECT(!reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	in[1].update_index = in[0].update_index;
+	EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[0]);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[1]);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.old_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("han-wen"),
+					.email = xstrdup("hanwen@google.com"),
+					.message = xstrdup("test"),
+					.time = 1577123507,
+					.tz_offset = 100,
+				},
+			}
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
+		}
+	};
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.new_hash, 1);
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.old_hash, 2);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(in); i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		/* populate out, to check for leaks. */
+		struct reftable_log_record out = {
+			.refname = xstrdup("old name"),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.new_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.old_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("old name"),
+					.email = xstrdup("old@email"),
+					.message = xstrdup("old message"),
+				},
+			},
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m, valtype;
+
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &in[i]);
+
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n >= 0);
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec_out, &out);
+		valtype = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, valtype, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[i], &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&in[i]);
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_u24_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint32_t in = 0x112233;
+	uint8_t dest[3];
+	uint32_t out;
+	put_be24(dest, in);
+	out = get_be24(dest);
+	EXPECT(in == out);
+}
+
+static void test_key_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf roundtrip = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int restart;
+	uint8_t extra;
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t rt_extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	strbuf_addstr(&key, "refs/tags/bla");
+	extra = 6;
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&restart, dest, last_key, key, extra);
+	EXPECT(!restart);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	m = reftable_decode_key(&roundtrip, &rt_extra, last_key, dest);
+	EXPECT(n == m);
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &roundtrip));
+	EXPECT(rt_extra == extra);
+
+	strbuf_release(&last_key);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&roundtrip);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t testHash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 0 };
+	uint64_t till9[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 500, 600, 700, 800, 9000 };
+	struct reftable_obj_record recs[3] = { {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 3,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 9,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+					       } };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(recs); i++) {
+		struct reftable_obj_record in = recs[i];
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_obj_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m;
+		uint8_t extra;
+
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, extra, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(in.hash_prefix_len == out.hash_prefix_len);
+		EXPECT(in.offset_len == out.offset_len);
+
+		EXPECT(!memcmp(in.hash_prefix, out.hash_prefix,
+			       in.hash_prefix_len));
+		EXPECT(0 == memcmp(in.offsets, out.offsets,
+				   sizeof(uint64_t) * in.offset_len));
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record in = {
+		.offset = 42,
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record out = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record out_rec = { NULL };
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&in.last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	reftable_record_from_index(&rec, &in);
+	reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+	test_copy(&rec);
+
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &in.last_key));
+	n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&out_rec, &out);
+	m = reftable_record_decode(&out_rec, key, extra, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(m == n);
+
+	EXPECT(in.offset == out.offset);
+
+	reftable_record_release(&out_rec);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&in.last_key);
+}
+
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_varint_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_key_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_u24_roundtrip);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-record.h b/reftable/reftable-record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5370d2288c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+#define REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/*
+ * Basic data types
+ *
+ * Reftables store the state of each ref in struct reftable_ref_record, and they
+ * store a sequence of reflog updates in struct reftable_log_record.
+ */
+
+/* reftable_ref_record holds a ref database entry target_value */
+struct reftable_ref_record {
+	char *refname; /* Name of the ref, malloced. */
+	uint64_t update_index; /* Logical timestamp at which this value is
+				* written */
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_REF_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple ref */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 = 0x1,
+		/* a tag, plus its peeled hash */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 = 0x2,
+
+		/* a symbolic reference */
+		REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF = 0x3,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES 4
+	} value_type;
+	union {
+		uint8_t *val1; /* malloced hash. */
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *value; /* first value, malloced hash  */
+			uint8_t *target_value; /* second value, malloced hash */
+		} val2;
+		char *symref; /* referent, malloced 0-terminated string */
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* Returns the first hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 or REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* Returns the second hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents a deletion */
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* prints a reftable_ref_record onto stdout. Useful for debugging. */
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values inside `ref`. */
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* returns whether two reftable_ref_records are the same. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* reftable_log_record holds a reflog entry */
+struct reftable_log_record {
+	char *refname;
+	uint64_t update_index; /* logical timestamp of a transactional update.
+				*/
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple update */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE = 0x1,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_LOG_VALUETYPES 2
+	} value_type;
+
+	union {
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *new_hash;
+			uint8_t *old_hash;
+			char *name;
+			char *email;
+			uint64_t time;
+			int16_t tz_offset;
+			char *message;
+		} update;
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents the deletion of a log record. */
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values. */
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* returns whether two records are equal. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* dumps a reftable_log_record on stdout, for debugging/testing. */
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 3b58e423e7b..09d4b83ef9b 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
-
+	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (5 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-02  6:12   ` [PATCH] fixup! " Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (14 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will be needed for reading reflog blocks in reftable.

Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |  7 +++
 ci/lib.sh                 |  1 +
 compat/.gitattributes     |  1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c | 92 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 config.mak.uname          |  1 +
 configure.ac              | 13 ++++++
 6 files changed, 115 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 02a83a67467..ec89320080b 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -256,6 +256,8 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_DEFLATE_BOUND if your zlib does not have deflateBound.
 #
+# Define NO_UNCOMPRESS2 if your zlib does not have uncompress2.
+#
 # Define NO_NORETURN if using buggy versions of gcc 4.6+ and profile feedback,
 # as the compiler can crash (http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49299)
 #
@@ -1738,6 +1740,11 @@ ifdef NO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 endif
 
+ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	REFTABLE_OBJS += compat/zlib-uncompress2.o
+endif
+
 ifdef NO_POSIX_GOODIES
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_POSIX_GOODIES
 endif
diff --git a/ci/lib.sh b/ci/lib.sh
index 476c3f369f5..5711c63979d 100755
--- a/ci/lib.sh
+++ b/ci/lib.sh
@@ -224,6 +224,7 @@ linux-gcc-default)
 	;;
 Linux32)
 	CC=gcc
+	MAKEFLAGS="$MAKEFLAGS NO_UNCOMPRESS2=1"
 	;;
 linux-musl)
 	CC=gcc
diff --git a/compat/.gitattributes b/compat/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..40dbfb170da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/zlib-uncompress2.c	whitespace=-indent-with-non-tab,-trailing-space
diff --git a/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6893bb469ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/* taken from zlib's uncompr.c
+
+   commit cacf7f1d4e3d44d871b605da3b647f07d718623f
+   Author: Mark Adler <madler@alumni.caltech.edu>
+   Date:   Sun Jan 15 09:18:46 2017 -0800
+
+       zlib 1.2.11
+
+*/
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 1995-2003, 2010, 2014, 2016 Jean-loup Gailly, Mark Adler
+ * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
+ */
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+/* clang-format off */
+
+/* ===========================================================================
+     Decompresses the source buffer into the destination buffer.  *sourceLen is
+   the byte length of the source buffer. Upon entry, *destLen is the total size
+   of the destination buffer, which must be large enough to hold the entire
+   uncompressed data. (The size of the uncompressed data must have been saved
+   previously by the compressor and transmitted to the decompressor by some
+   mechanism outside the scope of this compression library.) Upon exit,
+   *destLen is the size of the decompressed data and *sourceLen is the number
+   of source bytes consumed. Upon return, source + *sourceLen points to the
+   first unused input byte.
+
+     uncompress returns Z_OK if success, Z_MEM_ERROR if there was not enough
+   memory, Z_BUF_ERROR if there was not enough room in the output buffer, or
+   Z_DATA_ERROR if the input data was corrupted, including if the input data is
+   an incomplete zlib stream.
+*/
+int ZEXPORT uncompress2 (
+    Bytef *dest,
+    uLongf *destLen,
+    const Bytef *source,
+    uLong *sourceLen) {
+    z_stream stream;
+    int err;
+    const uInt max = (uInt)-1;
+    uLong len, left;
+    Byte buf[1];    /* for detection of incomplete stream when *destLen == 0 */
+
+    len = *sourceLen;
+    if (*destLen) {
+        left = *destLen;
+        *destLen = 0;
+    }
+    else {
+        left = 1;
+        dest = buf;
+    }
+
+    stream.next_in = (z_const Bytef *)source;
+    stream.avail_in = 0;
+    stream.zalloc = (alloc_func)0;
+    stream.zfree = (free_func)0;
+    stream.opaque = (voidpf)0;
+
+    err = inflateInit(&stream);
+    if (err != Z_OK) return err;
+
+    stream.next_out = dest;
+    stream.avail_out = 0;
+
+    do {
+        if (stream.avail_out == 0) {
+            stream.avail_out = left > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)left;
+            left -= stream.avail_out;
+        }
+        if (stream.avail_in == 0) {
+            stream.avail_in = len > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)len;
+            len -= stream.avail_in;
+        }
+        err = inflate(&stream, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+    } while (err == Z_OK);
+
+    *sourceLen -= len + stream.avail_in;
+    if (dest != buf)
+        *destLen = stream.total_out;
+    else if (stream.total_out && err == Z_BUF_ERROR)
+        left = 1;
+
+    inflateEnd(&stream);
+    return err == Z_STREAM_END ? Z_OK :
+           err == Z_NEED_DICT ? Z_DATA_ERROR  :
+           err == Z_BUF_ERROR && left + stream.avail_out ? Z_DATA_ERROR :
+           err;
+}
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index 76516aaa9a5..c1890e4bc8d 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -258,6 +258,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	FILENO_IS_A_MACRO = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 031e8d3fee8..c3a913103d0 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -672,9 +672,22 @@ AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_SRC],
 	NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=yes])
 LIBS="$old_LIBS"
 
+AC_DEFUN([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC], [
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <zlib.h>],
+ [uncompress2(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);])])
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for uncompress2 in -lz])
+old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+LIBS="$LIBS -lz"
+AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2=yes])
+LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
 
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_DEFLATE_BOUND])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_UNCOMPRESS2])
 
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (6 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (13 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of block. Within a block,
records are prefix compressed, with an index of offsets for fully expand keys to
enable binary search within blocks.

This commit provides the logic to read and write these blocks.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   2 +
 reftable/block.c         | 448 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/block.h         | 127 +++++++++++
 reftable/block_test.c    | 120 +++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 698 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index ec89320080b..65bd39ecdc0 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2458,10 +2458,12 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/block.c b/reftable/block.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb5268dd3a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.c
@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+/*
+ * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
+ * (released as of early 2017)
+ */
+int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
+		uLong *sourceLen);
+#endif
+
+int header_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 24;
+	case 2:
+		return 28;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+int footer_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 68;
+	case 2:
+		return 72;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int block_writer_register_restart(struct block_writer *w, int n,
+					 int is_restart, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	int rlen = w->restart_len;
+	if (rlen >= MAX_RESTARTS) {
+		is_restart = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (is_restart) {
+		rlen++;
+	}
+	if (2 + 3 * rlen + n > w->block_size - w->next)
+		return -1;
+	if (is_restart) {
+		if (w->restart_len == w->restart_cap) {
+			w->restart_cap = w->restart_cap * 2 + 1;
+			w->restarts = reftable_realloc(
+				w->restarts, sizeof(uint32_t) * w->restart_cap);
+		}
+
+		w->restarts[w->restart_len++] = w->next;
+	}
+
+	w->next += n;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, key);
+	w->entries++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size)
+{
+	bw->buf = buf;
+	bw->hash_size = hash_size;
+	bw->block_size = block_size;
+	bw->header_off = header_off;
+	bw->buf[header_off] = typ;
+	bw->next = header_off + 4;
+	bw->restart_interval = 16;
+	bw->entries = 0;
+	bw->restart_len = 0;
+	bw->last_key.len = 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	return bw->buf[bw->header_off];
+}
+
+/* adds the reftable_record to the block. Returns -1 if it does not fit, 0 on
+   success */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last =
+		w->entries % w->restart_interval == 0 ? empty : w->last_key;
+	struct string_view out = {
+		.buf = w->buf + w->next,
+		.len = w->block_size - w->next,
+	};
+
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int is_restart = 0;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&is_restart, out, last, key,
+				reftable_record_val_type(rec));
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	n = reftable_record_encode(rec, out, w->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	if (block_writer_register_restart(w, start.len - out.len, is_restart,
+					  &key) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->restart_len; i++) {
+		put_be24(w->buf + w->next, w->restarts[i]);
+		w->next += 3;
+	}
+
+	put_be16(w->buf + w->next, w->restart_len);
+	w->next += 2;
+	put_be24(w->buf + 1 + w->header_off, w->next);
+
+	if (block_writer_type(w) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + w->header_off;
+		uint8_t *compressed = NULL;
+		int zresult = 0;
+		uLongf src_len = w->next - block_header_skip;
+		size_t dest_cap = src_len;
+
+		compressed = reftable_malloc(dest_cap);
+		while (1) {
+			uLongf out_dest_len = dest_cap;
+
+			zresult = compress2(compressed, &out_dest_len,
+					    w->buf + block_header_skip, src_len,
+					    9);
+			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR) {
+				dest_cap *= 2;
+				compressed =
+					reftable_realloc(compressed, dest_cap);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if (Z_OK != zresult) {
+				reftable_free(compressed);
+				return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+			}
+
+			memcpy(w->buf + block_header_skip, compressed,
+			       out_dest_len);
+			w->next = out_dest_len + block_header_skip;
+			reftable_free(compressed);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return w->next;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->block.data[r->header_off];
+}
+
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *block,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size)
+{
+	uint32_t full_block_size = table_block_size;
+	uint8_t typ = block->data[header_off];
+	uint32_t sz = get_be24(block->data + header_off + 1);
+
+	uint16_t restart_count = 0;
+	uint32_t restart_start = 0;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes = NULL;
+
+	if (!reftable_is_block_type(typ))
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + header_off;
+		uLongf dst_len = sz - block_header_skip; /* total size of dest
+							    buffer. */
+		uLongf src_len = block->len - block_header_skip;
+		/* Log blocks specify the *uncompressed* size in their header.
+		 */
+		uint8_t *uncompressed = reftable_malloc(sz);
+
+		/* Copy over the block header verbatim. It's not compressed. */
+		memcpy(uncompressed, block->data, block_header_skip);
+
+		/* Uncompress */
+		if (Z_OK !=
+		    uncompress2(uncompressed + block_header_skip, &dst_len,
+				block->data + block_header_skip, &src_len)) {
+			reftable_free(uncompressed);
+			return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+		}
+
+		if (dst_len + block_header_skip != sz)
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+		/* We're done with the input data. */
+		reftable_block_done(block);
+		block->data = uncompressed;
+		block->len = sz;
+		block->source = malloc_block_source();
+		full_block_size = src_len + block_header_skip;
+	} else if (full_block_size == 0) {
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	} else if (sz < full_block_size && sz < block->len &&
+		   block->data[sz] != 0) {
+		/* If the block is smaller than the full block size, it is
+		   padded (data followed by '\0') or the next block is
+		   unaligned. */
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	}
+
+	restart_count = get_be16(block->data + sz - 2);
+	restart_start = sz - 2 - 3 * restart_count;
+	restart_bytes = block->data + restart_start;
+
+	/* transfer ownership. */
+	br->block = *block;
+	block->data = NULL;
+	block->len = 0;
+
+	br->hash_size = hash_size;
+	br->block_len = restart_start;
+	br->full_block_size = full_block_size;
+	br->header_off = header_off;
+	br->restart_count = restart_count;
+	br->restart_bytes = restart_bytes;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static uint32_t block_reader_restart_offset(struct block_reader *br, int i)
+{
+	return get_be24(br->restart_bytes + 3 * i);
+}
+
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	it->br = br;
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+}
+
+struct restart_find_args {
+	int error;
+	struct strbuf key;
+	struct block_reader *r;
+};
+
+static int restart_key_less(size_t idx, void *args)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args *a = args;
+	uint32_t off = block_reader_restart_offset(a->r, idx);
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = a->r->block.data + off,
+		.len = a->r->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	/* the restart key is verbatim in the block, so this could avoid the
+	   alloc for decoding the key */
+	struct strbuf rkey = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t unused_extra;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(&rkey, &unused_extra, last_key, in);
+	int result;
+	if (n < 0) {
+		a->error = 1;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	result = strbuf_cmp(&a->key, &rkey);
+	strbuf_release(&rkey);
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->br = src->br;
+	dest->next_off = src->next_off;
+	strbuf_reset(&dest->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dest->last_key, &src->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = it->br->block.data + it->next_off,
+		.len = it->br->block_len - it->next_off,
+	};
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (it->next_off >= it->br->block_len)
+		return 1;
+
+	n = reftable_decode_key(&key, &extra, it->last_key, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	n = reftable_record_decode(rec, key, extra, in, it->br->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&it->last_key, &key);
+	it->next_off += start.len - in.len;
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int off = br->header_off + 4;
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = br->block.data + off,
+		.len = br->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(key, &extra, empty, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	return block_reader_seek(it->br, it, want);
+}
+
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&it->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args args = {
+		.key = *want,
+		.r = br,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(block_reader_type(br));
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct block_iter next = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+
+	int i = binsearch(br->restart_count, &restart_key_less, &args);
+	if (args.error) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	it->br = br;
+	if (i > 0) {
+		i--;
+		it->next_off = block_reader_restart_offset(br, i);
+	} else {
+		it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+	}
+
+	/* We're looking for the last entry less/equal than the wanted key, so
+	   we have to go one entry too far and then back up.
+	*/
+	while (1) {
+		block_iter_copy_from(&next, it);
+		err = block_iter_next(&next, &rec);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		if (err > 0 || strbuf_cmp(&key, want) >= 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		block_iter_copy_from(it, &next);
+	}
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&next.last_key);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(bw->restarts);
+	strbuf_release(&bw->last_key);
+	/* the block is not owned. */
+}
+
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *blockp)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source source = blockp->source;
+	if (blockp && source.ops)
+		source.ops->return_block(source.arg, blockp);
+	blockp->data = NULL;
+	blockp->len = 0;
+	blockp->source.ops = NULL;
+	blockp->source.arg = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/block.h b/reftable/block.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e207706a644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.h
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCK_H
+#define BLOCK_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Writes reftable blocks. The block_writer is reused across blocks to minimize
+ * allocation overhead.
+ */
+struct block_writer {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* Offset ofof the global header. Nonzero in the first block only. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* How often to restart keys. */
+	int restart_interval;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* Offset of next uint8_t to write. */
+	uint32_t next;
+	uint32_t *restarts;
+	uint32_t restart_len;
+	uint32_t restart_cap;
+
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+	int entries;
+};
+
+/*
+ * initializes the blockwriter to write `typ` entries, using `buf` as temporary
+ * storage. `buf` is not owned by the block_writer. */
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size);
+
+/* returns the block type (eg. 'r' for ref records. */
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* appends the record, or -1 if it doesn't fit. */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* appends the key restarts, and compress the block if necessary. */
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w);
+
+/* clears out internally allocated block_writer members. */
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* Read a block. */
+struct block_reader {
+	/* offset of the block header; nonzero for the first block in a
+	 * reftable. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* the memory block */
+	struct reftable_block block;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* size of the data, excluding restart data. */
+	uint32_t block_len;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes;
+	uint16_t restart_count;
+
+	/* size of the data in the file. For log blocks, this is the compressed
+	 * size. */
+	uint32_t full_block_size;
+};
+
+/* Iterate over entries in a block */
+struct block_iter {
+	/* offset within the block of the next entry to read. */
+	uint32_t next_off;
+	struct block_reader *br;
+
+	/* key for last entry we read. */
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+};
+
+/* initializes a block reader. */
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *bl,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size);
+
+/* Position `it` at start of the block */
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* Position `it` to the `want` key in the block */
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* Returns the block type (eg. 'r' for refs) */
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r);
+
+/* Decodes the first key in the block */
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key);
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src);
+
+/* return < 0 for error, 0 for OK, > 0 for EOF. */
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* Seek to `want` with in the block pointed to by `it` */
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* deallocate memory for `it`. The block reader and its block is left intact. */
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* size of file header, depending on format version */
+int header_size(int version);
+
+/* size of file footer, depending on format version */
+int footer_size(int version);
+
+/* returns a block to its source. */
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *ret);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/block_test.c b/reftable/block_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b3ea262dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_block_read_write(void)
+{
+	const int header_off = 21; /* random */
+	char *names[30];
+	const int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names);
+	const int block_size = 1024;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	struct block_writer bw = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	int j = 0;
+	struct strbuf want = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	block.data = reftable_calloc(block_size);
+	block.len = block_size;
+	block.source = malloc_block_source();
+	block_writer_init(&bw, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, block.data, block_size,
+			  header_off, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%02d", i);
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		n = block_writer_add(&bw, &rec);
+		ref.refname = NULL;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = block_writer_finish(&bw);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	block_writer_release(&bw);
+
+	block_reader_init(&br, &block, header_off, block_size, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+
+	block_reader_start(&br, &it);
+
+	while (1) {
+		int r = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[j], ref.refname);
+		j++;
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	block_iter_close(&it);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+		strbuf_reset(&want);
+		strbuf_addstr(&want, names[i]);
+
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], ref.refname);
+
+		want.len--;
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[10 * (i / 10)], ref.refname);
+
+		block_iter_close(&it);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	reftable_block_done(&br.block);
+	strbuf_release(&want);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_block_read_write);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 09d4b83ef9b..c9deeaf08c7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (7 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (12 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format includes support for an (OID => ref) map. This map can speed
up visibility and reachability checks. In particular, various operations along
the fetch/push path within Gerrit have ben sped up by using this structure.

The map is constructed with help of a binary tree. Object IDs are hashes, so
they are uniformly distributed. Hence, the tree does not attempt forced
rebalancing.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |  4 ++-
 reftable/tree.c          | 63 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree.h          | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree_test.c     | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |  1 +
 5 files changed, 162 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 65bd39ecdc0..2e5a9f40ed1 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,11 +2462,13 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
-REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
diff --git a/reftable/tree.c b/reftable/tree.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82db7995dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert)
+{
+	int res;
+	if (*rootp == NULL) {
+		if (!insert) {
+			return NULL;
+		} else {
+			struct tree_node *n =
+				reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct tree_node));
+			n->key = key;
+			*rootp = n;
+			return *rootp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	res = compare(key, (*rootp)->key);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->left, compare, insert);
+	else if (res > 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->right, compare, insert);
+	return *rootp;
+}
+
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg)
+{
+	if (t->left) {
+		infix_walk(t->left, action, arg);
+	}
+	action(arg, t->key);
+	if (t->right) {
+		infix_walk(t->right, action, arg);
+	}
+}
+
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t)
+{
+	if (t == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+	if (t->left) {
+		tree_free(t->left);
+	}
+	if (t->right) {
+		tree_free(t->right);
+	}
+	reftable_free(t);
+}
diff --git a/reftable/tree.h b/reftable/tree.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbdd002e23a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TREE_H
+#define TREE_H
+
+/* tree_node is a generic binary search tree. */
+struct tree_node {
+	void *key;
+	struct tree_node *left, *right;
+};
+
+/* looks for `key` in `rootp` using `compare` as comparison function. If insert
+ * is set, insert the key if it's not found. Else, return NULL.
+ */
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert);
+
+/* performs an infix walk of the tree. */
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg);
+
+/*
+ * deallocates the tree nodes recursively. Keys should be deallocated separately
+ * by walking over the tree. */
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/tree_test.c b/reftable/tree_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09a970e17b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static int test_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return (char *)a - (char *)b;
+}
+
+struct curry {
+	void *last;
+};
+
+static void check_increasing(void *arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct curry *c = arg;
+	if (c->last) {
+		assert(test_compare(c->last, key) < 0);
+	}
+	c->last = key;
+}
+
+static void test_tree(void)
+{
+	struct tree_node *root = NULL;
+
+	void *values[11] = { NULL };
+	struct tree_node *nodes[11] = { NULL };
+	int i = 1;
+	struct curry c = { NULL };
+	do {
+		nodes[i] = tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 1);
+		i = (i * 7) % 11;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nodes); i++) {
+		assert(values + i == nodes[i]->key);
+		assert(nodes[i] ==
+		       tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 0));
+	}
+
+	infix_walk(root, check_increasing, &c);
+	tree_free(root);
+}
+
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_tree);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c9deeaf08c7..050551fa698 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 10/19] reftable: write reftable files
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (8 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (11 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   1 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h | 148 ++++++++
 reftable/writer.c          | 690 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h          |  50 +++
 4 files changed, 889 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 2e5a9f40ed1..05be43355a6 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-writer.h b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af36462ced5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+#define REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <unistd.h> /* ssize_t */
+
+/* Writing single reftables */
+
+/* reftable_write_options sets options for writing a single reftable. */
+struct reftable_write_options {
+	/* boolean: do not pad out blocks to block size. */
+	unsigned unpadded : 1;
+
+	/* the blocksize. Should be less than 2^24. */
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* boolean: do not generate a SHA1 => ref index. */
+	unsigned skip_index_objects : 1;
+
+	/* how often to write complete keys in each block. */
+	int restart_interval;
+
+	/* 4-byte identifier ("sha1", "s256") of the hash.
+	 * Defaults to SHA1 if unset
+	 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	/* boolean: do not check ref names for validity or dir/file conflicts.
+	 */
+	unsigned skip_name_check : 1;
+
+	/* boolean: copy log messages exactly. If unset, check that the message
+	 *   is a single line, and add '\n' if missing.
+	 */
+	unsigned exact_log_message : 1;
+};
+
+/* reftable_block_stats holds statistics for a single block type */
+struct reftable_block_stats {
+	/* total number of entries written */
+	int entries;
+	/* total number of key restarts */
+	int restarts;
+	/* total number of blocks */
+	int blocks;
+	/* total number of index blocks */
+	int index_blocks;
+	/* depth of the index */
+	int max_index_level;
+
+	/* offset of the first block for this type */
+	uint64_t offset;
+	/* offset of the top level index block for this type, or 0 if not
+	 * present */
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* stats holds overall statistics for a single reftable */
+struct reftable_stats {
+	/* total number of blocks written. */
+	int blocks;
+	/* stats for ref data */
+	struct reftable_block_stats ref_stats;
+	/* stats for the SHA1 to ref map. */
+	struct reftable_block_stats obj_stats;
+	/* stats for index blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats idx_stats;
+	/* stats for log blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats log_stats;
+
+	/* disambiguation length of shortened object IDs. */
+	int object_id_len;
+};
+
+/* reftable_new_writer creates a new writer */
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts);
+
+/* Set the range of update indices for the records we will add. When writing a
+   table into a stack, the min should be at least
+   reftable_stack_next_update_index(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned.
+
+   For transactional updates to a stack, typically min==max, and the
+   update_index can be obtained by inspeciting the stack. When converting an
+   existing ref database into a single reftable, this would be a range of
+   update-index timestamps.
+ */
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max);
+
+/*
+  Add a reftable_ref_record. The record should have names that come after
+  already added records.
+
+  The update_index must be within the limits set by
+  reftable_writer_set_limits(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned. It is an
+  REFTABLE_API_ERROR error to write a ref record after a log record.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_ref_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering the records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n);
+
+/*
+  adds reftable_log_records. Log records are keyed by (refname, decreasing
+  update_index). The key for the record added must come after the already added
+  log records.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_log_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n);
+
+/* reftable_writer_close finalizes the reftable. The writer is retained so
+ * statistics can be inspected. */
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* writer_stats returns the statistics on the reftable being written.
+
+   This struct becomes invalid when the writer is freed.
+ */
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* reftable_writer_free deallocates memory for the writer */
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/writer.c b/reftable/writer.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ca721e9f64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,690 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "writer.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+/* finishes a block, and writes it to storage */
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* deallocates memory related to the index */
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* finishes writing a 'r' (refs) or 'g' (reflogs) section */
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+static struct reftable_block_stats *
+writer_reftable_block_stats(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case 'r':
+		return &w->stats.ref_stats;
+	case 'o':
+		return &w->stats.obj_stats;
+	case 'i':
+		return &w->stats.idx_stats;
+	case 'g':
+		return &w->stats.log_stats;
+	}
+	abort();
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* write data, queuing the padding for the next write. Returns negative for
+ * error. */
+static int padded_write(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *data, size_t len,
+			int padding)
+{
+	int n = 0;
+	if (w->pending_padding > 0) {
+		uint8_t *zeroed = reftable_calloc(w->pending_padding);
+		int n = w->write(w->write_arg, zeroed, w->pending_padding);
+		if (n < 0)
+			return n;
+
+		w->pending_padding = 0;
+		reftable_free(zeroed);
+	}
+
+	w->pending_padding = padding;
+	n = w->write(w->write_arg, data, len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	n += padding;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void options_set_defaults(struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	if (opts->restart_interval == 0) {
+		opts->restart_interval = 16;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->hash_id == 0) {
+		opts->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+	if (opts->block_size == 0) {
+		opts->block_size = DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	}
+}
+
+static int writer_version(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return (w->opts.hash_id == 0 || w->opts.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ?
+			     1 :
+			     2;
+}
+
+static int writer_write_header(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *dest)
+{
+	memcpy(dest, "REFT", 4);
+
+	dest[4] = writer_version(w);
+
+	put_be24(dest + 5, w->opts.block_size);
+	put_be64(dest + 8, w->min_update_index);
+	put_be64(dest + 16, w->max_update_index);
+	if (writer_version(w) == 2) {
+		put_be32(dest + 24, w->opts.hash_id);
+	}
+	return header_size(writer_version(w));
+}
+
+static void writer_reinit_block_writer(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	int block_start = 0;
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		block_start = header_size(writer_version(w));
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	block_writer_init(&w->block_writer_data, typ, w->block,
+			  w->opts.block_size, block_start,
+			  hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+	w->block_writer = &w->block_writer_data;
+	w->block_writer->restart_interval = w->opts.restart_interval;
+}
+
+static struct strbuf reftable_empty_strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	struct reftable_writer *wp =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_writer));
+	strbuf_init(&wp->block_writer_data.last_key, 0);
+	options_set_defaults(opts);
+	if (opts->block_size >= (1 << 24)) {
+		/* TODO - error return? */
+		abort();
+	}
+	wp->last_key = reftable_empty_strbuf;
+	wp->block = reftable_calloc(opts->block_size);
+	wp->write = writer_func;
+	wp->write_arg = writer_arg;
+	wp->opts = *opts;
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(wp, BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+
+	return wp;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max)
+{
+	w->min_update_index = min;
+	w->max_update_index = max;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	reftable_free(w->block);
+	reftable_free(w);
+}
+
+struct obj_index_tree_node {
+	struct strbuf hash;
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+	size_t offset_len;
+	size_t offset_cap;
+};
+
+#define OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT    \
+	{                           \
+		.hash = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int obj_index_tree_node_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strbuf_cmp(&((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)a)->hash,
+			  &((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)b)->hash);
+}
+
+static void writer_index_hash(struct reftable_writer *w, struct strbuf *hash)
+{
+	uint64_t off = w->next;
+
+	struct obj_index_tree_node want = { .hash = *hash };
+
+	struct tree_node *node = tree_search(&want, &w->obj_index_tree,
+					     &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 0);
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *key = NULL;
+	if (node == NULL) {
+		struct obj_index_tree_node empty = OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT;
+		key = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct obj_index_tree_node));
+		*key = empty;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&key->hash);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&key->hash, hash);
+		tree_search((void *)key, &w->obj_index_tree,
+			    &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 1);
+	} else {
+		key = node->key;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len > 0 && key->offsets[key->offset_len - 1] == off) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len == key->offset_cap) {
+		key->offset_cap = 2 * key->offset_cap + 1;
+		key->offsets = reftable_realloc(
+			key->offsets, sizeof(uint64_t) * key->offset_cap);
+	}
+
+	key->offsets[key->offset_len++] = off;
+}
+
+static int writer_add_record(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	if (strbuf_cmp(&w->last_key, &key) >= 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, &key);
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL) {
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	}
+
+	assert(block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == reftable_record_type(rec));
+
+	if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec) == 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record copy = *ref;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (ref->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+	if (ref->update_index < w->min_update_index ||
+	    ref->update_index > w->max_update_index)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &copy);
+	copy.update_index -= w->min_update_index;
+
+	err = writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val1(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, (char *)reftable_ref_record_val1(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val2(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, reftable_ref_record_val2(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(refs, n, reftable_ref_record_compare_name);
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(struct reftable_writer *w,
+					    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (w->block_writer &&
+	    block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	w->next -= w->pending_padding;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	char *input_log_message = NULL;
+	struct strbuf cleaned_message = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+
+	if (log->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	input_log_message = log->value.update.message;
+	if (!w->opts.exact_log_message && log->value.update.message) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, log->value.update.message);
+		while (cleaned_message.len &&
+		       cleaned_message.buf[cleaned_message.len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(&cleaned_message,
+				      cleaned_message.len - 1);
+		if (strchr(cleaned_message.buf, '\n')) {
+			/* multiple lines not allowed. */
+			err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, "\n");
+		log->value.update.message = cleaned_message.buf;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+	log->value.update.message = input_log_message;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&cleaned_message);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(logs, n, reftable_log_record_compare_key);
+
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &logs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	uint64_t index_start = 0;
+	int max_level = 0;
+	int threshold = w->opts.unpadded ? 1 : 3;
+	int before_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks;
+	int err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats = NULL;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	while (w->index_len > threshold) {
+		struct reftable_index_record *idx = NULL;
+		int idx_len = 0;
+
+		max_level++;
+		index_start = w->next;
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+		idx = w->index;
+		idx_len = w->index_len;
+
+		w->index = NULL;
+		w->index_len = 0;
+		w->index_cap = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+			reftable_record_from_index(&rec, idx + i);
+			if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec) == 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			err = writer_flush_block(w);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+
+			writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+			err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec);
+			if (err != 0) {
+				/* write into fresh block should always succeed
+				 */
+				abort();
+			}
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			strbuf_release(&idx[i].last_key);
+		}
+		reftable_free(idx);
+	}
+
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	bstats = writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	bstats->index_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks - before_blocks;
+	bstats->index_offset = index_start;
+	bstats->max_index_level = max_level;
+
+	/* Reinit lastKey, as the next section can start with any key. */
+	w->last_key.len = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct common_prefix_arg {
+	struct strbuf *last;
+	int max;
+};
+
+static void update_common(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct common_prefix_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	if (arg->last) {
+		int n = common_prefix_size(&entry->hash, arg->last);
+		if (n > arg->max) {
+			arg->max = n;
+		}
+	}
+	arg->last = &entry->hash;
+}
+
+struct write_record_arg {
+	struct reftable_writer *w;
+	int err;
+};
+
+static void write_object_record(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	struct reftable_obj_record obj_rec = {
+		.hash_prefix = (uint8_t *)entry->hash.buf,
+		.hash_prefix_len = arg->w->stats.object_id_len,
+		.offsets = entry->offsets,
+		.offset_len = entry->offset_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &obj_rec);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	arg->err = writer_flush_block(arg->w);
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(arg->w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+	obj_rec.offset_len = 0;
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+
+	/* Should be able to write into a fresh block. */
+	assert(arg->err == 0);
+
+done:;
+}
+
+static void object_record_free(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(entry->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&entry->hash);
+	reftable_free(entry);
+}
+
+static int writer_dump_object_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg closure = { .w = w };
+	struct common_prefix_arg common = { NULL };
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &update_common, &common);
+	}
+	w->stats.object_id_len = common.max + 1;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &write_object_record, &closure);
+	}
+
+	if (closure.err < 0)
+		return closure.err;
+	return writer_finish_section(w);
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	err = writer_finish_section(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF && !w->opts.skip_index_objects &&
+	    w->stats.ref_stats.index_blocks > 0) {
+		err = writer_dump_object_index(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &object_record_free, NULL);
+		tree_free(w->obj_index_tree);
+		w->obj_index_tree = NULL;
+	}
+
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t footer[72];
+	uint8_t *p = footer;
+	int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+	int empty_table = w->next == 0;
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+	if (empty_table) {
+		/* Empty tables need a header anyway. */
+		uint8_t header[28];
+		int n = writer_write_header(w, header);
+		err = padded_write(w, header, n, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	p += writer_write_header(w, footer);
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.ref_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, (w->stats.obj_stats.offset) << 5 | w->stats.object_id_len);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.obj_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be32(p, crc32(0, footer, p - footer));
+	p += 4;
+
+	err = padded_write(w, footer, footer_size(writer_version(w)), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (empty_table) {
+		err = REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	/* free up memory. */
+	block_writer_release(&w->block_writer_data);
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->index_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&w->index[i].last_key);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(w->index);
+	w->index_len = 0;
+	w->index_cap = 0;
+}
+
+static const int debug = 0;
+
+static int writer_flush_nonempty_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats =
+		writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	uint64_t block_typ_off = (bstats->blocks == 0) ? w->next : 0;
+	int raw_bytes = block_writer_finish(w->block_writer);
+	int padding = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_index_record ir = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	if (raw_bytes < 0)
+		return raw_bytes;
+
+	if (!w->opts.unpadded && typ != BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		padding = w->opts.block_size - raw_bytes;
+	}
+
+	if (block_typ_off > 0) {
+		bstats->offset = block_typ_off;
+	}
+
+	bstats->entries += w->block_writer->entries;
+	bstats->restarts += w->block_writer->restart_len;
+	bstats->blocks++;
+	w->stats.blocks++;
+
+	if (debug) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "block %c off %" PRIu64 " sz %d (%d)\n", typ,
+			w->next, raw_bytes,
+			get_be24(w->block + w->block_writer->header_off + 1));
+	}
+
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		writer_write_header(w, w->block);
+	}
+
+	err = padded_write(w, w->block, raw_bytes, padding);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (w->index_cap == w->index_len) {
+		w->index_cap = 2 * w->index_cap + 1;
+		w->index = reftable_realloc(
+			w->index,
+			sizeof(struct reftable_index_record) * w->index_cap);
+	}
+
+	ir.offset = w->next;
+	strbuf_reset(&ir.last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&ir.last_key, &w->block_writer->last_key);
+	w->index[w->index_len] = ir;
+
+	w->index_len++;
+	w->next += padding + raw_bytes;
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	if (w->block_writer->entries == 0)
+		return 0;
+	return writer_flush_nonempty_block(w);
+}
+
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return &w->stats;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/writer.h b/reftable/writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09b88673d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef WRITER_H
+#define WRITER_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+struct reftable_writer {
+	ssize_t (*write)(void *, const void *, size_t);
+	void *write_arg;
+	int pending_padding;
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+
+	/* offset of next block to write. */
+	uint64_t next;
+	uint64_t min_update_index, max_update_index;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts;
+
+	/* memory buffer for writing */
+	uint8_t *block;
+
+	/* writer for the current section. NULL or points to
+	 * block_writer_data */
+	struct block_writer *block_writer;
+
+	struct block_writer block_writer_data;
+
+	/* pending index records for the current section */
+	struct reftable_index_record *index;
+	size_t index_len;
+	size_t index_cap;
+
+	/*
+	 * tree for use with tsearch; used to populate the 'o' inverse OID
+	 * map */
+	struct tree_node *obj_index_tree;
+
+	struct reftable_stats stats;
+};
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (9 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (10 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                     |   3 +
 reftable/generic.c           | 169 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/generic.h           |  32 +++++++
 reftable/reftable-generic.h  |  47 ++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h |  39 ++++++++
 reftable/reftable.c          | 115 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 405 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 05be43355a6..18093366acb 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,6 +2462,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/stack.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/generic.c b/reftable/generic.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a8a738d860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = ~((uint64_t)0),
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab) {
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	uint32_t hash_id = reftable_table_hash_id(tab);
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_ref_record_print(&ref, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_table_seek_log(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_log_record_print(&log, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/generic.h b/reftable/generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98886a06402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef GENERIC_H
+#define GENERIC_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* generic interface to reftables */
+struct reftable_table_vtable {
+	int (*seek_record)(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			   struct reftable_record *);
+	uint32_t (*hash_id)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*min_update_index)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*max_update_index)(void *tab);
+};
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable {
+	int (*next)(void *iter_arg, struct reftable_record *rec);
+	void (*close)(void *iter_arg);
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-generic.h b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d239751a778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+#define REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct reftable_table_vtable;
+
+/*
+ * Provides a unified API for reading tables, either merged tables, or single
+ * readers. */
+struct reftable_table {
+	struct reftable_table_vtable *ops;
+	void *table_arg;
+};
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID from a generic reftable_table */
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0
+   for success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* dump table contents onto stdout for debugging */
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-iterator.h b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3eee7af357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable;
+
+/* iterator is the generic interface for walking over data stored in a
+ * reftable.
+ */
+struct reftable_iterator {
+	struct reftable_iterator_vtable *ops;
+	void *iter_arg;
+};
+
+/* reads the next reftable_ref_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* reads the next reftable_log_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* releases resources associated with an iterator. */
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable.c b/reftable/reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e4607a7cd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 12/19] reftable: read reftable files
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (10 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (9 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This supports reading a single reftable file.

The commit introduces an abstract iterator type, which captures the usecases
both of reading individual refs, and iterating over a segment of the ref
namespace.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/iter.c            | 194 +++++++++
 reftable/iter.h            |  69 ++++
 reftable/reader.c          | 801 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h          |  66 +++
 reftable/reftable-reader.h | 101 +++++
 6 files changed, 1233 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 18093366acb..91952268e51 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2460,7 +2460,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
diff --git a/reftable/iter.c b/reftable/iter.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93d04f735b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "iter.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	return !it->ops;
+}
+
+static void filtering_ref_iterator_close(void *iter_arg)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	strbuf_release(&fri->oid);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&fri->it);
+}
+
+static int filtering_ref_iterator_next(void *iter_arg,
+				       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+	int err = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&fri->it, ref);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (fri->double_check) {
+			struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+			err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&fri->tab, &it,
+						      ref->refname);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+			}
+
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+			if (err < 0) {
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (err > 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 &&
+		    (!memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			     fri->oid.len) ||
+		     !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value,
+			     fri->oid.len)))
+			return 0;
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 &&
+		    !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val1, fri->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable filtering_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	.next = &filtering_ref_iterator_next,
+	.close = &filtering_ref_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = fri;
+	it->ops = &filtering_ref_iterator_vtable;
+}
+
+static void indexed_table_ref_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	block_iter_close(&it->cur);
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+	reftable_free(it->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&it->oid);
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it)
+{
+	uint64_t off;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (it->offset_idx == it->offset_len) {
+		it->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+
+	off = it->offsets[it->offset_idx++];
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(it->r, &it->block_reader, off,
+				       BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (err > 0) {
+		/* indexed block does not exist. */
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+	}
+	block_reader_start(&it->block_reader, &it->cur);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int err = block_iter_next(&it->cur, rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(it);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				return err;
+			}
+
+			if (it->is_finished) {
+				return 1;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* BUG */
+		if (!memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			    it->oid.len) ||
+		    !memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value, it->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter empty = INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct indexed_table_ref_iter));
+	int err = 0;
+
+	*itr = empty;
+	itr->r = r;
+	strbuf_add(&itr->oid, oid, oid_len);
+
+	itr->offsets = offsets;
+	itr->offset_len = offset_len;
+
+	err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(itr);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(itr);
+	} else {
+		*dest = itr;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &indexed_table_ref_iter_next,
+	.close = &indexed_table_ref_iter_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = itr;
+	it->ops = &indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/iter.h b/reftable/iter.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09eb0cbfa59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef ITER_H
+#define ITER_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* Returns true for a zeroed out iterator, such as the one returned from
+ * iterator_destroy. */
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid` */
+struct filtering_ref_iterator {
+	int double_check;
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+	struct reftable_iterator it;
+};
+#define FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT \
+	{                           \
+		.oid = STRBUF_INIT  \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid`,
+ * but using the object index.
+ */
+struct indexed_table_ref_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+
+	/* mutable */
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+
+	/* Points to the next offset to read. */
+	int offset_idx;
+	int offset_len;
+	struct block_reader block_reader;
+	struct block_iter cur;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+
+#define INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT                                     \
+	{                                                               \
+		.cur = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT }, .oid = STRBUF_INIT, \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr);
+
+/* Takes ownership of `offsets` */
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reader.c b/reftable/reader.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ab7a981eb8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.c
@@ -0,0 +1,801 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reader.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	return source->ops->size(source->arg);
+}
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size)
+{
+	int result = source->ops->read_block(source->arg, dest, off, size);
+	dest->source = *source;
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	if (!source->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	source->ops->close(source->arg);
+	source->ops = NULL;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader_offsets *
+reader_offsets_for(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		return &r->ref_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		return &r->log_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+		return &r->obj_offsets;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reader_get_block(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t sz)
+{
+	if (off >= r->size)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (off + sz > r->size) {
+		sz = r->size - off;
+	}
+
+	return block_source_read_block(&r->source, dest, off, sz);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->hash_id;
+}
+
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->name;
+}
+
+static int parse_footer(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *footer,
+			uint8_t *header)
+{
+	uint8_t *f = footer;
+	uint8_t first_block_typ;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t computed_crc;
+	uint32_t file_crc;
+
+	if (memcmp(f, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	f += 4;
+
+	if (memcmp(footer, header, header_size(r->version))) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	f++;
+	r->block_size = get_be24(f);
+
+	f += 3;
+	r->min_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->max_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	if (r->version == 1) {
+		r->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	} else {
+		r->hash_id = get_be32(f);
+		switch (r->hash_id) {
+		case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		default:
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		f += 4;
+	}
+
+	r->ref_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->object_id_len = r->obj_offsets.offset & ((1 << 5) - 1);
+	r->obj_offsets.offset >>= 5;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	computed_crc = crc32(0, footer, f - footer);
+	file_crc = get_be32(f);
+	f += 4;
+	if (computed_crc != file_crc) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	first_block_typ = header[header_size(r->version)];
+	r->ref_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	r->ref_offsets.offset = 0;
+	r->log_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG ||
+				     r->log_offsets.offset > 0);
+	r->obj_offsets.is_present = r->obj_offsets.offset > 0;
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	return err;
+}
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_block footer = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block header = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t file_size = block_source_size(source);
+
+	/* Need +1 to read type of first block. */
+	uint32_t read_size = header_size(2) + 1; /* read v2 because it's larger.  */
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+
+	if (read_size > file_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &header, 0, read_size);
+	if (err != read_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (memcmp(header.data, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	r->version = header.data[4];
+	if (r->version != 1 && r->version != 2) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	r->size = file_size - footer_size(r->version);
+	r->source = *source;
+	r->name = xstrdup(name);
+	r->hash_id = 0;
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &footer, r->size,
+				      footer_size(r->version));
+	if (err != footer_size(r->version)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = parse_footer(r, footer.data, header.data);
+done:
+	reftable_block_done(&footer);
+	reftable_block_done(&header);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct table_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	uint64_t block_off;
+	struct block_iter bi;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+#define TABLE_ITER_INIT                          \
+	{                                        \
+		.bi = {.last_key = STRBUF_INIT } \
+	}
+
+static void table_iter_copy_from(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = src->block_off;
+	dest->is_finished = src->is_finished;
+	block_iter_copy_from(&dest->bi, &src->bi);
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_in_block(struct table_iter *ti,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	int res = block_iter_next(&ti->bi, rec);
+	if (res == 0 && reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		((struct reftable_ref_record *)rec->data)->update_index +=
+			ti->r->min_update_index;
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void table_iter_block_done(struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	if (!ti->bi.br) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_block_done(&ti->bi.br->block);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(ti->bi.br);
+
+	ti->bi.last_key.len = 0;
+	ti->bi.next_off = 0;
+}
+
+static int32_t extract_block_size(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *typ, uint64_t off,
+				  int version)
+{
+	int32_t result = 0;
+
+	if (off == 0) {
+		data += header_size(version);
+	}
+
+	*typ = data[0];
+	if (reftable_is_block_type(*typ)) {
+		result = get_be24(data + 1);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ)
+{
+	int32_t guess_block_size = r->block_size ? r->block_size :
+							 DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	uint8_t block_typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t header_off = next_off ? 0 : header_size(r->version);
+	int32_t block_size = 0;
+
+	if (next_off >= r->size)
+		return 1;
+
+	err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, guess_block_size);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	block_size = extract_block_size(block.data, &block_typ, next_off,
+					r->version);
+	if (block_size < 0)
+		return block_size;
+
+	if (want_typ != BLOCK_TYPE_ANY && block_typ != want_typ) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (block_size > guess_block_size) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, block_size);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return block_reader_init(br, &block, header_off, r->block_size,
+				 hash_size(r->hash_id));
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_block(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	uint64_t next_block_off = src->block_off + src->bi.br->full_block_size;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = next_block_off;
+
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(src->r, &br, next_block_off, src->typ);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		dest->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct block_reader *brp =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+		*brp = br;
+
+		dest->is_finished = 0;
+		block_reader_start(brp, &dest->bi);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next(struct table_iter *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	if (reftable_record_type(rec) != ti->typ)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		int err = 0;
+		if (ti->is_finished) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_in_block(ti, rec);
+		if (err <= 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			ti->is_finished = 1;
+		}
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+		block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	}
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_void(void *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return table_iter_next(ti, rec);
+}
+
+static void table_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct table_iter *ti = p;
+	table_iter_block_done(ti);
+	block_iter_close(&ti->bi);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable table_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &table_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &table_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_table_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = ti;
+	it->ops = &table_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+static int reader_table_iter_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct table_iter *ti, uint64_t off,
+				uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_reader *brp = NULL;
+
+	int err = reader_init_block_reader(r, &br, off, typ);
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+
+	brp = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+	*brp = br;
+	ti->r = r;
+	ti->typ = block_reader_type(brp);
+	ti->block_off = off;
+	block_reader_start(brp, &ti->bi);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reader_start(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			uint8_t typ, int index)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	uint64_t off = offs->offset;
+	if (index) {
+		off = offs->index_offset;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		typ = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX;
+	}
+
+	return reader_table_iter_at(r, ti, off, typ);
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_linear(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			      struct reftable_record *want)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(want));
+	struct strbuf want_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf got_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+
+	reftable_record_key(want, &want_key);
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = block_reader_first_key(next.bi.br, &got_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (strbuf_cmp(&got_key, &want_key) > 0) {
+			table_iter_block_done(&next);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+	}
+
+	err = block_iter_seek(&ti->bi, &want_key);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = 0;
+
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+	strbuf_release(&want_key);
+	strbuf_release(&got_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			       struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record want_index = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record want_index_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record index_result = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record index_result_rec = { NULL };
+	struct table_iter index_iter = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &want_index.last_key);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&want_index_rec, &want_index);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&index_result_rec, &index_result);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &index_iter, reftable_record_type(rec), 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &index_iter, &want_index_rec);
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next(&index_iter, &index_result_rec);
+		table_iter_block_done(&index_iter);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = reader_table_iter_at(r, &next, index_result.offset, 0);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = block_iter_seek(&next.bi, &want_index.last_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (next.typ == reftable_record_type(rec)) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (next.typ != BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX) {
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_copy_from(&index_iter, &next);
+	}
+
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct table_iter empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		struct table_iter *malloced =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*malloced = empty;
+		table_iter_copy_from(malloced, &next);
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, malloced);
+	}
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	table_iter_close(&index_iter);
+	reftable_record_release(&want_index_rec);
+	reftable_record_release(&index_result_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_internal(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs =
+		reader_offsets_for(r, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	uint64_t idx = offs->index_offset;
+	struct table_iter ti = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (idx > 0)
+		return reader_seek_indexed(r, it, rec);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &ti, reftable_record_type(rec), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &ti, rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct table_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*p = ti;
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, p);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+		struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = reftable_record_type(rec);
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	if (!offs->is_present) {
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return reader_seek_internal(r, it, rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_reader_seek_log_at(r, it, name, max);
+}
+
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	block_source_close(&r->source);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(r->name);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **p,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, char const *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader *rd =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+	int err = init_reader(rd, src, name);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		*p = rd;
+	} else {
+		block_source_close(src);
+		reftable_free(rd);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	reader_close(r);
+	reftable_free(r);
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					    uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record want = {
+		.hash_prefix = oid,
+		.hash_prefix_len = r->object_id_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record want_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator oit = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_obj_record got = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record got_rec = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr = NULL;
+
+	/* Look through the reverse index. */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&want_rec, &want);
+	err = reader_seek(r, &oit, &want_rec);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	/* read out the reftable_obj_record */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&got_rec, &got);
+	err = iterator_next(&oit, &got_rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 0 ||
+	    memcmp(want.hash_prefix, got.hash_prefix, r->object_id_len)) {
+		/* didn't find it; return empty iterator */
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = new_indexed_table_ref_iter(&itr, r, oid, hash_size(r->hash_id),
+					 got.offsets, got.offset_len);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	got.offsets = NULL;
+	iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(it, itr);
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&oit);
+	reftable_record_release(&got_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					      uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct table_iter ti_empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter *ti = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *filter = NULL;
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator empty = FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT;
+	int oid_len = hash_size(r->hash_id);
+	int err;
+
+	*ti = ti_empty;
+	err = reader_start(r, ti, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(ti);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	filter = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct filtering_ref_iterator));
+	*filter = empty;
+
+	strbuf_add(&filter->oid, oid, oid_len);
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&filter->tab, r);
+	filter->double_check = 0;
+	iterator_from_table_iter(&filter->it, ti);
+
+	iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(it, filter);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	if (r->obj_offsets.is_present)
+		return reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(r, it, oid);
+	return reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(r, it, oid);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->max_update_index;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->min_update_index;
+}
+
+/* generic table interface. */
+
+static int reftable_reader_seek_void(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return reader_seek(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable reader_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_reader_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_reader_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_reader_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &reader_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = reader;
+}
+
+
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, tablename);
+	struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, tablename);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, r);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&tab);
+done:
+	reftable_reader_free(r);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reader.h b/reftable/reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..39583e5dbcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef READER_H
+#define READER_H
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size);
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+/* metadata for a block type */
+struct reftable_reader_offsets {
+	int is_present;
+	uint64_t offset;
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* The state for reading a reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader {
+	/* for convience, associate a name with the instance. */
+	char *name;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+
+	/* Size of the file, excluding the footer. */
+	uint64_t size;
+
+	/* 'sha1' for SHA1, 's256' for SHA-256 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	uint32_t block_size;
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+	uint64_t max_update_index;
+	/* Length of the OID keys in the 'o' section */
+	int object_id_len;
+	int version;
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets ref_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets obj_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets log_offsets;
+};
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name);
+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+		struct reftable_record *rec);
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r);
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* initialize a block reader to read from `r` */
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-reader.h b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a4bc2fdf85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_READER_H
+#define REFTABLE_READER_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Reading single tables
+ *
+ * The follow routines are for reading single files. For an
+ * application-level interface, skip ahead to struct
+ * reftable_merged_table and struct reftable_stack.
+ */
+
+/* The reader struct is a handle to an open reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader;
+
+/* Generic table. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_reader opens a reftable for reading. If successful,
+ * returns 0 code and sets pp. The name is used for creating a
+ * stack. Typically, it is the basename of the file. The block source
+ * `src` is owned by the reader, and is closed on calling
+ * reftable_reader_destroy(). On error, the block source `src` is
+ * closed as well.
+ */
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **pp,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, const char *name);
+
+/* reftable_reader_seek_ref returns an iterator where 'name' would be inserted
+   in the table.  To seek to the start of the table, use name = "".
+
+   example:
+
+   struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+   int err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, "filename");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_iterator it  = {0};
+   err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(r, &it, "refs/heads/master");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_ref_record ref  = {0};
+   while (1) {
+   err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+   if (err > 0) {
+   break;
+   }
+   if (err < 0) {
+   ..error handling..
+   }
+   ..found..
+   }
+   reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+   reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID used in this table. */
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* seek to logs for the given name, older than update_index. To seek to the
+   start of the table, use name = "".
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* seek to newest log entry for given name. */
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* closes and deallocates a reader. */
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *);
+
+/* return an iterator for the refs pointing to `oid`. */
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid);
+
+/* return the max_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* return the min_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* creates a generic table from a file reader. */
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader);
+
+/* print table onto stdout for debugging. */
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (11 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (8 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

With support for reading and writing files in place, we can construct files (in
memory) and attempt to read them back.

Because some sections of the format are optional (eg. indices, log entries), we
have to exercise this code using multiple sizes of input data

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   1 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c | 652 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   2 +-
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 4 files changed, 655 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 91952268e51..4466aa99765 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2473,6 +2473,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/readwrite_test.c b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f6bcc2f775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,652 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static const int update_index = 5;
+
+static void test_buffer(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block out = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	uint8_t in[] = "hello";
+	strbuf_add(&buf, in, sizeof(in));
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	EXPECT(block_source_size(&source) == 6);
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 0, sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(n == sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(in, out.data, n));
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 1, 2);
+	EXPECT(n == 2);
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(out.data, "el", 2));
+
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+	block_source_close(&source);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void write_table(char ***names, struct strbuf *buf, int N,
+			int block_size, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = block_size,
+		.hash_id = hash_id,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0, n;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	*names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = update_index;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+		(*names)[i] = xstrdup(name);
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		log.refname = name;
+		log.update_index = update_index;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash;
+		log.value.update.message = "message";
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	for (i = 0; i < stats->ref_stats.blocks; i++) {
+		int off = i * opts.block_size;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			off = header_size(
+				(hash_id == GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID) ? 2 : 1);
+		}
+		EXPECT(buf->buf[off] == 'r');
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static void test_log_buffer_size(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 4096,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record
+		log = { .refname = "refs/heads/master",
+			.update_index = 0xa,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = { .update = {
+					   .name = "Han-Wen Nienhuys",
+					   .email = "hanwen@google.com",
+					   .tz_offset = 100,
+					   .time = 0x5e430672,
+					   .message = "commit: 9\n",
+				   } } };
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	/* This tests buffer extension for log compression. Must use a random
+	   hash, to ensure that the compressed part is larger than the original.
+	*/
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+	for (i = 0; i < GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ; i++) {
+		hash1[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+		hash2[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+	}
+	log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+	log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_log_write_read(void)
+{
+	int N = 2;
+	char **names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 0, N);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[256];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "b%02d%0*d", i, 130, 7);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = i;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, i + 1);
+
+		log.refname = names[i];
+		log.update_index = i;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[N - 1]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* end of iteration. */
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT(0 < err);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_log(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], log.refname);
+		EXPECT(i == log.update_index);
+		i++;
+		reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(i == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	/* cleanup. */
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_sequential(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int r = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[j], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(update_index == ref.update_index);
+
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_write_small_table(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 1;
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 4096, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(buf.len < 200);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_api(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek(int index, int hash_id)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf pastLast = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, hash_id);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(hash_id == reftable_reader_hash_id(&rd));
+
+	if (!index) {
+		rd.ref_offsets.index_offset = 0;
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(rd.ref_offsets.index_offset > 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[i], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 == ref.value_type);
+		EXPECT(i == ref.value.val1[0]);
+
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, names[N - 1]);
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, "/");
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, pastLast.buf);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&pastLast);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for(int indexed)
+{
+	int N = 50;
+	char **want_names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int want_names_len = 0;
+	uint8_t want_hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_reader rd;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int j;
+
+	set_test_hash(want_hash, 4);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		char fill[51] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+		memset(fill, 'x', 50);
+		/* Put the variable part in the start */
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "br%02d%s", i, fill);
+		name[40] = 0;
+		ref.refname = name;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i / 4);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, 3 + i / 4);
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL2;
+		ref.value.val2.value = hash1;
+		ref.value.val2.target_value = hash2;
+
+		/* 80 bytes / entry, so 3 entries per block. Yields 17
+		 */
+		/* blocks. */
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		if (!memcmp(hash1, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ) ||
+		    !memcmp(hash2, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)) {
+			want_names[want_names_len++] = xstrdup(name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	if (!indexed) {
+		rd.obj_offsets.is_present = 0;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_refs_for(&rd, &it, want_hash);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	j = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err >= 0);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT(j < want_names_len);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(ref.refname, want_names[j]));
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == want_names_len);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(want_names);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_no_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(0);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_obj_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(1);
+}
+
+static void test_write_empty_table(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	EXPECT(buf.len == header_size(1) + footer_size(1));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &rec);
+	EXPECT(err > 0);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_write_key_order(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}, {
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}
+	};
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[1]);
+	printf("%d\n", err);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_close(w);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table_empty(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table(void)
+{
+	uint8_t zeros[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	strbuf_add(&buf, zeros, sizeof(zeros));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_write_read);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_key_order);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_buffer_size);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_write_small_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_buffer);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_sequential);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_no_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_obj_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_empty_table);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 5e7698ae654..3d541fa5c0c 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
-int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 050551fa698..898aba836fd 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (12 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (7 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This is needed to create a merged view multiple reftables

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   2 +
 reftable/pq.c             | 115 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/pq.h             |  32 +++++++++++
 reftable/pq_test.c        |  72 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 6 files changed, 223 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 4466aa99765..e80f253ecc3 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,6 +2462,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
@@ -2472,6 +2473,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/pq.c b/reftable/pq.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8918d158e2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+static int pq_less(struct pq_entry a, struct pq_entry b)
+{
+	struct strbuf ak = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf bk = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int cmp = 0;
+	reftable_record_key(&a.rec, &ak);
+	reftable_record_key(&b.rec, &bk);
+
+	cmp = strbuf_cmp(&ak, &bk);
+
+	strbuf_release(&ak);
+	strbuf_release(&bk);
+
+	if (cmp == 0)
+		return a.index > b.index;
+
+	return cmp < 0;
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.heap[0];
+}
+
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.len == 0;
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
+		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
+
+		assert(pq_less(pq.heap[parent], pq.heap[i]));
+	}
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct pq_entry e = pq->heap[0];
+	pq->heap[0] = pq->heap[pq->len - 1];
+	pq->len--;
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (i < pq->len) {
+		int min = i;
+		int j = 2 * i + 1;
+		int k = 2 * i + 2;
+		if (j < pq->len && pq_less(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i])) {
+			min = j;
+		}
+		if (k < pq->len && pq_less(pq->heap[k], pq->heap[min])) {
+			min = k;
+		}
+
+		if (min == i) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[i], pq->heap[min]);
+		i = min;
+	}
+
+	return e;
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	if (pq->len == pq->cap) {
+		pq->cap = 2 * pq->cap + 1;
+		pq->heap = reftable_realloc(pq->heap,
+					    pq->cap * sizeof(struct pq_entry));
+	}
+
+	pq->heap[pq->len++] = e;
+	i = pq->len - 1;
+	while (i > 0) {
+		int j = (i - 1) / 2;
+		if (pq_less(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i]);
+
+		i = j;
+	}
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < pq->len; i++) {
+		reftable_record_destroy(&pq->heap[i].rec);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(pq->heap);
+	pq->len = pq->cap = 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/pq.h b/reftable/pq.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..385d2fb139a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef PQ_H
+#define PQ_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+struct pq_entry {
+	int index;
+	struct reftable_record rec;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter_pqueue {
+	struct pq_entry *heap;
+	size_t len;
+	size_t cap;
+};
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/pq_test.c b/reftable/pq_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ad21673e854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+static void test_pq(void)
+{
+	char *names[54] = { NULL };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names) - 1;
+
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq = { NULL };
+	const char *last = NULL;
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%02d", i);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+	}
+
+	i = 1;
+	do {
+		struct reftable_record rec =
+			reftable_new_record(BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+		struct pq_entry e = { 0 };
+
+		reftable_record_as_ref(&rec)->refname = names[i];
+		e.rec = rec;
+		merged_iter_pqueue_add(&pq, e);
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+		i = (i * 7) % N;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry e = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&pq);
+		struct reftable_ref_record *ref =
+			reftable_record_as_ref(&e.rec);
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+
+		if (last) {
+			assert(strcmp(last, ref->refname) < 0);
+		}
+		last = ref->refname;
+		ref->refname = NULL;
+		reftable_free(ref);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&pq);
+}
+
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_pq);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 3d541fa5c0c..0019cbcfa49 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 898aba836fd..0b5a1701df1 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 15/19] reftable: add merged table view
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (13 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (6 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This adds an abstract, read-only interface to the ref database.

This primitive is used to construct the read view of the ref database
(the read view is constructed by merging several *.ref files). It also
provides the mechanism to provide a unified view of the refs in the main
repository and the per-worktree refs.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/merged.c          | 362 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/merged.h          |  35 ++++
 reftable/merged_test.c     | 292 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-merged.h |  72 ++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |   1 +
 6 files changed, 764 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index e80f253ecc3..6c8545b9eb7 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,6 +2462,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/merged.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
@@ -2473,6 +2474,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/merged.c b/reftable/merged.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e5b53da6db3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.c
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static int merged_iter_init(struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+		int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[i], &rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+			reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		} else {
+			struct pq_entry e = {
+				.rec = rec,
+				.index = i,
+			};
+			merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void merged_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	int i = 0;
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&mi->pq);
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(mi->stack);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi,
+					       size_t idx)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+	struct pq_entry e = {
+		.rec = rec,
+		.index = idx,
+	};
+	int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[idx], &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (err > 0) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[idx]);
+		reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi, size_t idx)
+{
+	if (iterator_is_null(&mi->stack[idx]))
+		return 0;
+	return merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(mi, idx);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_entry(struct merged_iter *mi,
+				  struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf entry_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pq_entry entry = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	entry = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+	err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, entry.index);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	  One can also use reftable as datacenter-local storage, where the ref
+	  database is maintained in globally consistent database (eg.
+	  CockroachDB or Spanner). In this scenario, replication delays together
+	  with compaction may cause newer tables to contain older entries. In
+	  such a deployment, the loop below must be changed to collect all
+	  entries for the same key, and return new the newest one.
+	*/
+	reftable_record_key(&entry.rec, &entry_key);
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry top = merged_iter_pqueue_top(mi->pq);
+		struct strbuf k = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int err = 0, cmp = 0;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&top.rec, &k);
+
+		cmp = strbuf_cmp(&k, &entry_key);
+		strbuf_release(&k);
+
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+		err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, top.index);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_record_destroy(&top.rec);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_copy_from(rec, &entry.rec, hash_size(mi->hash_id));
+	reftable_record_destroy(&entry.rec);
+	strbuf_release(&entry_key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next(struct merged_iter *mi, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		int err = merged_iter_next_entry(mi, rec);
+		if (err == 0 && mi->suppress_deletions &&
+		    reftable_record_is_deletion(rec)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		return err;
+	}
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_void(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	return merged_iter_next(mi, rec);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable merged_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &merged_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &merged_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_merged_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = mi;
+	it->ops = &merged_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_merged_table *m = NULL;
+	uint64_t last_max = 0;
+	uint64_t first_min = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t min = reftable_table_min_update_index(&stack[i]);
+		uint64_t max = reftable_table_max_update_index(&stack[i]);
+
+		if (reftable_table_hash_id(&stack[i]) != hash_id) {
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || min < first_min) {
+			first_min = min;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || max > last_max) {
+			last_max = max;
+		}
+	}
+
+	m = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_merged_table));
+	m->stack = stack;
+	m->stack_len = n;
+	m->min = first_min;
+	m->max = last_max;
+	m->hash_id = hash_id;
+	*dest = m;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* clears the list of subtable, without affecting the readers themselves. */
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mt->stack);
+	mt->stack_len = 0;
+}
+
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	if (!mt) {
+		return;
+	}
+	merged_table_release(mt);
+	reftable_free(mt);
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->max;
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->min;
+}
+
+static int reftable_table_seek_record(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, rec);
+}
+
+static int merged_table_seek_record(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator *iters = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_iterator) * mt->stack_len);
+	struct merged_iter merged = {
+		.stack = iters,
+		.typ = reftable_record_type(rec),
+		.hash_id = mt->hash_id,
+		.suppress_deletions = mt->suppress_deletions,
+	};
+	int n = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mt->stack_len && err == 0; i++) {
+		int e = reftable_table_seek_record(&mt->stack[i], &iters[n],
+						   rec);
+		if (e < 0) {
+			err = e;
+		}
+		if (e == 0) {
+			n++;
+		}
+	}
+	if (err < 0) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&iters[i]);
+		}
+		reftable_free(iters);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	merged.stack_len = n;
+	err = merged_iter_init(&merged);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		merged_iter_close(&merged);
+		return err;
+	} else {
+		struct merged_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct merged_iter));
+		*p = merged;
+		iterator_from_merged_iter(it, p);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(mt, it, name, max);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->hash_id;
+}
+
+static int reftable_merged_table_seek_void(void *tab,
+					   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					   struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return merged_table_seek_record(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable merged_table_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_merged_table_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *merged)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &merged_table_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = merged;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/merged.h b/reftable/merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8c4d4d58d77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef MERGED_H
+#define MERGED_H
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+struct reftable_merged_table {
+	struct reftable_table *stack;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	int suppress_deletions;
+
+	uint64_t min;
+	uint64_t max;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter {
+	struct reftable_iterator *stack;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	int suppress_deletions;
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq;
+};
+
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/merged_test.c b/reftable/merged_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1e2afe37b8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static void write_test_table(struct strbuf *buf,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record refs[], int n)
+{
+	int min = 0xffffffff;
+	int max = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t ui = refs[i].update_index;
+		if (ui > max) {
+			max = ui;
+		}
+		if (ui < min) {
+			min = ui;
+		}
+	}
+
+	w = reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, min, max);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t before = refs[i].update_index;
+		int n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+		assert(n == 0);
+		assert(before == refs[i].update_index);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_merged_table *
+merged_table_from_records(struct reftable_ref_record **refs,
+			  struct reftable_block_source **source,
+			  struct reftable_reader ***readers, int *sizes,
+			  struct strbuf *buf, int n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_table *tabs =
+		reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_table));
+	*readers = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_reader *));
+	*source = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(**source));
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		write_test_table(&buf[i], refs[i], sizes[i]);
+		block_source_from_strbuf(&(*source)[i], &buf[i]);
+
+		err = reftable_new_reader(&(*readers)[i], &(*source)[i],
+					  "name");
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&tabs[i], (*readers)[i]);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, tabs, n, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	return mt;
+}
+
+static void readers_destroy(struct reftable_reader **readers, size_t n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < n; i++)
+		reftable_reader_free(readers[i]);
+	reftable_free(readers);
+}
+
+static void test_merged_between(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 0 };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = { {
+		.refname = "b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+		.value.val1 = hash1,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2 };
+	int sizes[] = { 1, 1 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[2] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 2);
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(ref.update_index == 2);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	readers_destroy(readers, 2);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bufs); i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_merged(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1 };
+	uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 2 };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		}
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r3[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash2,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "d",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
+		r2[0],
+		r1[1],
+		r3[0],
+		r3[1],
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
+	int sizes[3] = { 3, 1, 2 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[3] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 3);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	struct reftable_ref_record *out = NULL;
+	size_t len = 0;
+	size_t cap = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	while (len < 100) { /* cap loops/recursion. */
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (len == cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			out = reftable_realloc(
+				out, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record) * cap);
+		}
+		out[len++] = ref;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	assert(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		assert(reftable_ref_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&out[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(out);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	readers_destroy(readers, 3);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_default_write_opts(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_table *tab = reftable_calloc(sizeof(*tab) * 1);
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id(rd);
+	assert(hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab[0], rd);
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&merged, tab, 1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(merged);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+/* XXX test refs_for(oid) */
+
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged_between);
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged);
+	RUN_TEST(test_default_write_opts);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-merged.h b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a6d16915ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+#define REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+/*
+ * Merged tables
+ *
+ * A ref database kept in a sequence of table files. The merged_table presents a
+ * unified view to reading (seeking, iterating) a sequence of immutable tables.
+ *
+ * The merged tables are on purpose kept disconnected from their actual storage
+ * (eg. files on disk), because it is useful to merge tables aren't files. For
+ * example, the per-workspace and global ref namespace can be implemented as a
+ * merged table of two stacks of file-backed reftables.
+ */
+
+/* A merged table is implements seeking/iterating over a stack of tables. */
+struct reftable_merged_table;
+
+/* A generic reftable; see below. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_merged_table creates a new merged table. It takes ownership of
+   the stack array.
+*/
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* returns an iterator positioned just before 'name' */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns an iterator for log entry, at given update_index */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* like reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at but look for the newest entry. */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* releases memory for the merged_table */
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* return the hash ID of the merged table. */
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* create a generic table from reftable_merged_table */
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *table);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 0b5a1701df1..8087f2da4e6 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (14 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (5 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The packed/loose format has restrictions on refnames: a and a/b cannot
coexist. This limitation does not apply to reftable per se, but must be
maintained for interoperability. This code adds validation routines to
abort transactions that are trying to add invalid names.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   1 +
 reftable/refname.c       | 209 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/refname.h       |  29 ++++++
 reftable/refname_test.c  | 102 +++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 342 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 6c8545b9eb7..827a7190140 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2478,6 +2478,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/refname.c b/reftable/refname.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95734969324
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.c
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct find_arg {
+	char **names;
+	const char *want;
+};
+
+static int find_name(size_t k, void *arg)
+{
+	struct find_arg *f_arg = arg;
+	return strcmp(f_arg->names[k], f_arg->want) >= 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref(struct modification *mod, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len && !strcmp(mod->add[idx], name)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->del,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->del_len && !strcmp(mod->del[idx], name)) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_table_read_ref(&mod->tab, name, &ref);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void modification_release(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	/* don't delete the strings themselves; they're owned by ref records.
+	 */
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->add);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->del);
+	mod->add_len = 0;
+	mod->del_len = 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref_with_prefix(struct modification *mod,
+					    const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = prefix,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len &&
+		    !strncmp(prefix, mod->add[idx], strlen(prefix)))
+			goto done;
+	}
+	err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&mod->tab, &it, prefix);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+			struct find_arg arg = {
+				.names = mod->del,
+				.want = ref.refname,
+			};
+			int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+			if (idx < mod->del_len &&
+			    !strcmp(ref.refname, mod->del[idx])) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (strncmp(ref.refname, prefix, strlen(prefix))) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int validate_refname(const char *name)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		char *next = strchr(name, '/');
+		if (!*name) {
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (!next) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (next - name == 0 || (next - name == 1 && *name == '.') ||
+		    (next - name == 2 && name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.'))
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		name = next + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz)
+{
+	struct modification mod = {
+		.tab = tab,
+		.add = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+		.del = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	for (; i < sz; i++) {
+		if (reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&recs[i])) {
+			mod.del[mod.del_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		} else {
+			mod.add[mod.add_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = modification_validate(&mod);
+	modification_release(&mod);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void strbuf_trim_component(struct strbuf *sl)
+{
+	while (sl->len > 0) {
+		int is_slash = (sl->buf[sl->len - 1] == '/');
+		strbuf_setlen(sl, sl->len - 1);
+		if (is_slash)
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	struct strbuf slashed = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < mod->add_len; i++) {
+		err = validate_refname(mod->add[i]);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, "/");
+
+		err = modification_has_ref_with_prefix(mod, slashed.buf);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		while (slashed.len) {
+			strbuf_trim_component(&slashed);
+			err = modification_has_ref(mod, slashed.buf);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+				goto done;
+			}
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+	}
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&slashed);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/refname.h b/reftable/refname.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a24b40fcb42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+#ifndef REFNAME_H
+#define REFNAME_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+struct modification {
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+
+	char **add;
+	size_t add_len;
+
+	char **del;
+	size_t del_len;
+};
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz);
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/refname_test.c b/reftable/refname_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8645cd93bbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct testcase {
+	char *add;
+	char *del;
+	int error_code;
+};
+
+static void test_conflict(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "destination", /* make sure it's not a symref.
+						*/
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct testcase cases[] = {
+		{ "a/b/c", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "b", NULL, 0 },
+		{ "a", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "a", "a/b", 0 },
+
+		{ "p/", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p//q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/./q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/../q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+
+		{ "a/b/c", "a/b", 0 },
+		{ NULL, "a//b", 0 },
+	};
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, rd);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct modification mod = {
+			.tab = tab,
+		};
+
+		if (cases[i].add) {
+			mod.add = &cases[i].add;
+			mod.add_len = 1;
+		}
+		if (cases[i].del) {
+			mod.del = &cases[i].del;
+			mod.del_len = 1;
+		}
+
+		err = modification_validate(&mod);
+		EXPECT(err == cases[i].error_code);
+	}
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_conflict);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 8087f2da4e6..c8db6852c35 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (15 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (4 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |    1 +
 reftable/reftable-stack.h |  128 ++++
 reftable/stack.c          | 1396 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h          |   41 ++
 reftable/stack_test.c     |  949 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |    1 +
 6 files changed, 2516 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 827a7190140..8be7e05ff99 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2479,6 +2479,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/stack_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-stack.h b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b602dda58a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_STACK_H
+#define REFTABLE_STACK_H
+
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+/*
+ * The stack presents an interface to a mutable sequence of reftables.
+
+ * A stack can be mutated by pushing a table to the top of the stack.
+
+ * The reftable_stack automatically compacts files on disk to ensure good
+ * amortized performance.
+ *
+ * For windows and other platforms that cannot have open files as rename
+ * destinations, concurrent access from multiple processes needs the rand()
+ * random seed to be randomized.
+ */
+struct reftable_stack;
+
+/* open a new reftable stack. The tables along with the table list will be
+ *  stored in 'dir'. Typically, this should be .git/reftables.
+ */
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config);
+
+/* returns the update_index at which a next table should be written. */
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* holds a transaction to add tables at the top of a stack. */
+struct reftable_addition;
+
+/*
+ * returns a new transaction to add reftables to the given stack. As a side
+ * effect, the ref database is locked.
+ */
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Adds a reftable to transaction. */
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg);
+
+/* Commits the transaction, releasing the lock. After calling this,
+ * reftable_addition_destroy should still be called.
+ */
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* Release all non-committed data from the transaction, and deallocate the
+ * transaction. Releases the lock if held. */
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* add a new table to the stack. The write_table function must call
+ * reftable_writer_set_limits, add refs and return an error value. */
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					  void *write_arg),
+		       void *write_arg);
+
+/* returns the merged_table for seeking. This table is valid until the
+ * next write or reload, and should not be closed or deleted.
+ */
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* frees all resources associated with the stack. */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Reloads the stack if necessary. This is very cheap to run if the stack was up
+ * to date */
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Policy for expiring reflog entries. */
+struct reftable_log_expiry_config {
+	/* Drop entries older than this timestamp */
+	uint64_t time;
+
+	/* Drop older entries */
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+};
+
+/* compacts all reftables into a giant table. Expire reflog entries if config is
+ * non-NULL */
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+
+/* heuristically compact unbalanced table stack. */
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* delete stale .ref tables. */
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single log. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* statistics on past compactions. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats {
+	uint64_t bytes; /* total number of bytes written */
+	uint64_t entries_written; /* total number of entries written, including
+				     failures. */
+	int attempts; /* how often we tried to compact */
+	int failures; /* failures happen on concurrent updates */
+};
+
+/* return statistics for compaction up till now. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* print the entire stack represented by the directory */
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack.c b/reftable/stack.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48e22a6c184
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "writer.h"
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg);
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name);
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add);
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open);
+
+static void stack_filename(struct strbuf *dest, struct reftable_stack *st,
+			   const char *name)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, st->reftable_dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, "/");
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, name);
+}
+
+static ssize_t reftable_fd_write(void *arg, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	int *fdp = (int *)arg;
+	return write(*fdp, data, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *p =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_stack));
+	struct strbuf list_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (config.hash_id == 0) {
+		config.hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+
+	*dest = NULL;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&list_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, "/tables.list");
+
+	p->list_file = strbuf_detach(&list_file_name, NULL);
+	p->reftable_dir = xstrdup(dir);
+	p->config = config;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(p, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(p);
+	} else {
+		*dest = p;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int fd_read_lines(int fd, char ***namesp)
+{
+	off_t size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+	char *buf = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (size < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	buf = reftable_malloc(size + 1);
+	if (read(fd, buf, size) != size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	buf[size] = 0;
+
+	parse_names(buf, size, namesp);
+
+done:
+	reftable_free(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***namesp)
+{
+	int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY, 0644);
+	int err = 0;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			*namesp = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+	err = fd_read_lines(fd, namesp);
+	close(fd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return st->merged;
+}
+
+static int has_name(char **names, const char *name)
+{
+	while (*names) {
+		if (!strcmp(*names, name))
+			return 1;
+		names++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Close and free the stack */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+		st->merged = NULL;
+	}
+
+	err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(names);
+	}
+
+	if (st->readers) {
+		int i = 0;
+		struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+		for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(st->readers[i]);
+			strbuf_reset(&filename);
+			if (names && !has_name(names, name)) {
+				stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+			}
+			reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+
+			if (filename.len) {
+				/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+				unlink(filename.buf);
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&filename);
+		st->readers_len = 0;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->list_file);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->reftable_dir);
+	reftable_free(st);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader **stack_copy_readers(struct reftable_stack *st,
+						   int cur_len)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader **cur =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * cur_len);
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		cur[i] = st->readers[i];
+	}
+	return cur;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_once(struct reftable_stack *st, char **names,
+				      int reuse_open)
+{
+	int cur_len = !st->merged ? 0 : st->merged->stack_len;
+	struct reftable_reader **cur = stack_copy_readers(st, cur_len);
+	int err = 0;
+	int names_len = names_length(names);
+	struct reftable_reader **new_readers =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * names_len);
+	struct reftable_table *new_tables =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_table) * names_len);
+	int new_readers_len = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *new_merged = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	while (*names) {
+		struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+		char *name = *names++;
+
+		/* this is linear; we assume compaction keeps the number of
+		   tables under control so this is not quadratic. */
+		int j = 0;
+		for (j = 0; reuse_open && j < cur_len; j++) {
+			if (cur[j] && 0 == strcmp(cur[j]->name, name)) {
+				rd = cur[j];
+				cur[j] = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!rd) {
+			struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+			struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+			err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src,
+							      table_path.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&table_path);
+
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+
+			err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+
+		new_readers[new_readers_len] = rd;
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&new_tables[new_readers_len], rd);
+		new_readers_len++;
+	}
+
+	/* success! */
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&new_merged, new_tables,
+					new_readers_len, st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	new_tables = NULL;
+	st->readers_len = new_readers_len;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		merged_table_release(st->merged);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+	}
+	if (st->readers) {
+		reftable_free(st->readers);
+	}
+	st->readers = new_readers;
+	new_readers = NULL;
+	new_readers_len = 0;
+
+	new_merged->suppress_deletions = 1;
+	st->merged = new_merged;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		if (cur[i]) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(cur[i]);
+			struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+
+			reader_close(cur[i]);
+			reftable_reader_free(cur[i]);
+
+			/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+			unlink(filename.buf);
+
+			strbuf_release(&filename);
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < new_readers_len; i++) {
+		reader_close(new_readers[i]);
+		reftable_reader_free(new_readers[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(new_readers);
+	reftable_free(new_tables);
+	reftable_free(cur);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* return negative if a before b. */
+static int tv_cmp(struct timeval *a, struct timeval *b)
+{
+	time_t diff = a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec;
+	int udiff = a->tv_usec - b->tv_usec;
+
+	if (diff != 0)
+		return diff;
+
+	return udiff;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open)
+{
+	struct timeval deadline = { 0 };
+	int err = gettimeofday(&deadline, NULL);
+	int64_t delay = 0;
+	int tries = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	deadline.tv_sec += 3;
+	while (1) {
+		char **names = NULL;
+		char **names_after = NULL;
+		struct timeval now = { 0 };
+		int err = gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+		int err2 = 0;
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* Only look at deadlines after the first few times. This
+		   simplifies debugging in GDB */
+		tries++;
+		if (tries > 3 && tv_cmp(&now, &deadline) >= 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+		err = reftable_stack_reload_once(st, names, reuse_open);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err != REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* err == REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR can be caused by a concurrent
+		   writer. Check if there was one by checking if the name list
+		   changed.
+		*/
+		err2 = read_lines(st->list_file, &names_after);
+		if (err2 < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err2;
+		}
+
+		if (names_equal(names_after, names)) {
+			free_names(names);
+			free_names(names_after);
+			return err;
+		}
+		free_names(names);
+		free_names(names_after);
+
+		delay = delay + (delay * rand()) / RAND_MAX + 1;
+		sleep_millisec(delay);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* -1 = error
+ 0 = up to date
+ 1 = changed. */
+static int stack_uptodate(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	int i = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		if (!names[i]) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if (strcmp(st->readers[i]->name, names[i])) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (names[st->merged->stack_len]) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(names);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err > 0)
+		return reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, 1);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write)(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg),
+		       void *arg)
+{
+	int err = stack_try_add(st, write, arg);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		if (err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR) {
+			/* Ignore error return, we want to propagate
+			   REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR.
+			*/
+			reftable_stack_reload(st);
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if (!st->disable_auto_compact)
+		return reftable_stack_auto_compact(st);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void format_name(struct strbuf *dest, uint64_t min, uint64_t max)
+{
+	char buf[100];
+	uint32_t rnd = (uint32_t)rand();
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0x%012" PRIx64 "-0x%012" PRIx64 "-%08x",
+		 min, max, rnd);
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, buf);
+}
+
+struct reftable_addition {
+	int lock_file_fd;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name;
+	struct reftable_stack *stack;
+
+	char **new_tables;
+	int new_tables_len;
+	uint64_t next_update_index;
+};
+
+#define REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT                \
+	{                                     \
+		.lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int reftable_stack_init_addition(struct reftable_addition *add,
+					struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	add->stack = st;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&add->lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	add->lock_file_fd = open(add->lock_file_name.buf,
+				 O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (add->lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 1) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->next_update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st);
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_addition_close(add);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct strbuf nm = STRBUF_INIT;
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		stack_filename(&nm, add->stack, add->new_tables[i]);
+		unlink(nm.buf);
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+		add->new_tables[i] = NULL;
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	if (add->lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(add->lock_file_fd);
+		add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (add->lock_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(add->lock_file_name.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&nm);
+}
+
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	if (!add) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	reftable_free(add);
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	struct strbuf table_list = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (add->new_tables_len == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < add->stack->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->stack->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->new_tables[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(add->lock_file_fd, table_list.buf, table_list.len);
+	strbuf_release(&table_list);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = close(add->lock_file_fd);
+	add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(add->lock_file_name.buf, add->stack->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* success, no more state to clean up. */
+	strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(add->stack);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_addition empty = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	*dest = reftable_calloc(sizeof(**dest));
+	**dest = empty;
+	err = reftable_stack_init_addition(*dest, st);
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_free(*dest);
+		*dest = NULL;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition add = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	int err = reftable_stack_init_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(&add, write_table, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(&add);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(&add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	int tab_fd = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&next_name);
+	format_name(&next_name, add->next_update_index, add->next_update_index);
+
+	stack_filename(&temp_tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_tab_file_name, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (tab_fd < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd,
+				 &add->stack->config);
+	err = write_table(wr, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = stack_check_addition(add->stack, temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (wr->min_update_index < add->next_update_index) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	format_name(&next_name, wr->min_update_index, wr->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&next_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+
+	/*
+	  On windows, this relies on rand() picking a unique destination name.
+	  Maybe we should do retry loop as well?
+	 */
+	err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->new_tables = reftable_realloc(add->new_tables,
+					   sizeof(*add->new_tables) *
+						   (add->new_tables_len + 1));
+	add->new_tables[add->new_tables_len] = strbuf_detach(&next_name, NULL);
+	add->new_tables_len++;
+done:
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (temp_tab_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int sz = st->merged->stack_len;
+	if (sz > 0)
+		return reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[sz - 1]) +
+		       1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_locked(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+				struct strbuf *temp_tab,
+				struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int tab_fd = -1;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	format_name(&next_name,
+		    reftable_reader_min_update_index(st->readers[first]),
+		    reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[last]));
+
+	stack_filename(temp_tab, st, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(temp_tab, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab->buf);
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd, &st->config);
+
+	err = stack_write_compact(st, wr, first, last, config);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+
+done:
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (err != 0 && temp_tab->len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab->buf);
+		strbuf_release(temp_tab);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int subtabs_len = last - first + 1;
+	struct reftable_table *subtabs = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_table) * (last - first + 1));
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+	uint64_t entries = 0;
+
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct reftable_reader *t = st->readers[i];
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&subtabs[j++], t);
+		st->stats.bytes += t->size;
+	}
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+				   st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, subtabs, subtabs_len,
+					st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(subtabs);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&ref)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, &ref);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_log_record_is_deletion(&log)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->min_update_index > 0 &&
+		    log.update_index < config->min_update_index) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->time > 0 &&
+		    log.value.update.time < config->time) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(wr, &log);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	if (mt) {
+		merged_table_release(mt);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	}
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	st->stats.entries_written += entries;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* <  0: error. 0 == OK, > 0 attempt failed; could retry. */
+static int stack_compact_range(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *expiry)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf ref_list_contents = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int have_lock = 0;
+	int lock_file_fd = 0;
+	int compact_count = last - first + 1;
+	char **listp = NULL;
+	char **delete_on_success =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	char **subtable_locks =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	int i = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+	int is_empty_table = 0;
+
+	if (first > last || (!expiry && first == last)) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	st->stats.attempts++;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	/* Don't want to write to the lock for now.  */
+	close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+
+	have_lock = 1;
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct strbuf subtab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf subtab_lock = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int sublock_file_fd = -1;
+
+		stack_filename(&subtab_file_name, st,
+			       reader_name(st->readers[i]));
+
+		strbuf_reset(&subtab_lock);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&subtab_lock, &subtab_file_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&subtab_lock, ".lock");
+
+		sublock_file_fd = open(subtab_lock.buf,
+				       O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+		if (sublock_file_fd > 0) {
+			close(sublock_file_fd);
+		} else if (sublock_file_fd < 0) {
+			if (errno == EEXIST) {
+				err = 1;
+			} else {
+				err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			}
+		}
+
+		subtable_locks[j] = subtab_lock.buf;
+		delete_on_success[j] = subtab_file_name.buf;
+		j++;
+
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	err = stack_compact_locked(st, first, last, &temp_tab_file_name,
+				   expiry);
+	/* Compaction + tombstones can create an empty table out of non-empty
+	 * tables. */
+	is_empty_table = (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	if (is_empty_table) {
+		err = 0;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 1;
+
+	format_name(&new_table_name, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+		    st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_table_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&new_table_path, st, new_table_name.buf);
+
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		/* retry? */
+		err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, new_table_path.buf);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < first; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&ref_list_contents, &new_table_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = last + 1; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(lock_file_fd, ref_list_contents.buf, ref_list_contents.len);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(lock_file_name.buf, st->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	/* Reload the stack before deleting. On windows, we can only delete the
+	   files after we closed them.
+	*/
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, first < last);
+
+	listp = delete_on_success;
+	while (*listp) {
+		if (strcmp(*listp, new_table_path.buf)) {
+			unlink(*listp);
+		}
+		listp++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(delete_on_success);
+
+	listp = subtable_locks;
+	while (*listp) {
+		unlink(*listp);
+		listp++;
+	}
+	free_names(subtable_locks);
+	if (lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(lock_file_fd);
+		lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (have_lock) {
+		unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_name);
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_path);
+	strbuf_release(&ref_list_contents);
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&lock_file_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	return stack_compact_range(st, 0, st->merged->stack_len - 1, config);
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_range_stats(struct reftable_stack *st, int first,
+				     int last,
+				     struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int err = stack_compact_range(st, first, last, config);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		st->stats.failures++;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int segment_size(struct segment *s)
+{
+	return s->end - s->start;
+}
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz)
+{
+	int l = 0;
+	if (sz == 0)
+		return 0;
+	for (; sz; sz /= 2) {
+		l++;
+	}
+	return l - 1;
+}
+
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	struct segment *segs = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct segment) * n);
+	int next = 0;
+	struct segment cur = { 0 };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (n == 0) {
+		*seglen = 0;
+		return segs;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		int log = fastlog2(sizes[i]);
+		if (cur.log != log && cur.bytes > 0) {
+			struct segment fresh = {
+				.start = i,
+			};
+
+			segs[next++] = cur;
+			cur = fresh;
+		}
+
+		cur.log = log;
+		cur.end = i + 1;
+		cur.bytes += sizes[i];
+	}
+	segs[next++] = cur;
+	*seglen = next;
+	return segs;
+}
+
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, n);
+	struct segment min_seg = {
+		.log = 64,
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < seglen; i++) {
+		if (segment_size(&segs[i]) == 1) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (segs[i].log < min_seg.log) {
+			min_seg = segs[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (min_seg.start > 0) {
+		int prev = min_seg.start - 1;
+		if (fastlog2(min_seg.bytes) < fastlog2(sizes[prev])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		min_seg.start = prev;
+		min_seg.bytes += sizes[prev];
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(segs);
+	return min_seg;
+}
+
+static uint64_t *stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(uint64_t) * st->merged->stack_len);
+	int version = (st->config.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ? 1 : 2;
+	int overhead = header_size(version) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		sizes[i] = st->readers[i]->size - overhead;
+	}
+	return sizes;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes = stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(st);
+	struct segment seg =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, st->merged->stack_len);
+	reftable_free(sizes);
+	if (segment_size(&seg) > 0)
+		return stack_compact_range_stats(st, seg.start, seg.end - 1,
+						 NULL);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return &st->stats;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	return reftable_table_read_ref(&tab, refname, ref);
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = reftable_stack_merged_table(st);
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, refname);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, log);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(log->refname, refname) ||
+	    reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log)) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(log);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int cap = 0;
+	int len = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (st->config.skip_name_check)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (len >= cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			refs = reftable_realloc(refs, cap * sizeof(refs[0]));
+		}
+
+		refs[len++] = ref;
+	}
+
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+
+	err = validate_ref_record_addition(tab, refs, len);
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+	}
+
+	free(refs);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int is_table_name(const char *s)
+{
+	const char *dot = strrchr(s, '.');
+	return dot && !strcmp(dot, ".ref");
+}
+
+static void remove_maybe_stale_table(struct reftable_stack *st, uint64_t max,
+				     const char *name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t update_idx = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, table_path.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	update_idx = reftable_reader_max_update_index(rd);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+
+	if (update_idx <= max) {
+		unlink(table_path.buf);
+	}
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&table_path);
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_clean_locked(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t max = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(
+		reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	DIR *dir = opendir(st->reftable_dir);
+	struct dirent *d = NULL;
+	if (!dir) {
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		int i = 0;
+		int found = 0;
+		if (!is_table_name(d->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		for (i = 0; !found && i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			found = !strcmp(reader_name(st->readers[i]), d->d_name);
+		}
+		if (found)
+			continue;
+
+		remove_maybe_stale_table(st, max, d->d_name);
+	}
+
+	closedir(dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+	int err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean_locked(st);
+
+done:
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { .hash_id = hash_id };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table table = { NULL };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	merged = reftable_stack_merged_table(stack);
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&table, merged);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&table);
+done:
+	if (stack)
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/stack.h b/reftable/stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f57005846e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef STACK_H
+#define STACK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+
+struct reftable_stack {
+	char *list_file;
+	char *reftable_dir;
+	int disable_auto_compact;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options config;
+
+	struct reftable_reader **readers;
+	size_t readers_len;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged;
+	struct reftable_compaction_stats stats;
+};
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***lines);
+
+struct segment {
+	int start, end;
+	int log;
+	uint64_t bytes;
+};
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz);
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack_test.c b/reftable/stack_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a4641ab601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,949 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+
+static void clear_dir(const char *dirname)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, dirname);
+	remove_dir_recursively(&path, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+}
+
+static int count_dir_entries(const char *dirname)
+{
+	DIR *dir = opendir(dirname);
+	int len = 0;
+	struct dirent *d;
+	if (dir == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		if (!strcmp(d->d_name, "..") || !strcmp(d->d_name, "."))
+			continue;
+		len++;
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	return len;
+}
+
+// Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
+// cleanup.
+static char *get_tmp_template(int linenumber)
+{
+	const char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	static char template[1024];
+	snprintf(template, sizeof(template) - 1, "%s/stack_test-%d.XXXXXX",
+		 tmp ? tmp : "/tmp", linenumber);
+	return template;
+}
+
+static char *get_tmp_dir(int linenumber)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_template(linenumber);
+	EXPECT(mkdtemp(dir));
+	return dir;
+}
+
+static void test_read_file(void)
+{
+	char *fn = get_tmp_template(__LINE__);
+	int fd = mkstemp(fn);
+	char out[1024] = "line1\n\nline2\nline3";
+	int n, err;
+	char **names = NULL;
+	char *want[] = { "line1", "line2", "line3" };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT(fd > 0);
+	n = write(fd, out, strlen(out));
+	EXPECT(n == strlen(out));
+	err = close(fd);
+	EXPECT(err >= 0);
+
+	err = read_lines(fn, &names);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; names[i]; i++) {
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(want[i], names[i]));
+	}
+	free_names(names);
+	remove(fn);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names(void)
+{
+	char buf[] = "line\n";
+	char **names = NULL;
+	parse_names(buf, strlen(buf), &names);
+
+	EXPECT(NULL != names[0]);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[0], "line"));
+	EXPECT(NULL == names[1]);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_names_equal(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", "c", NULL };
+	char *b[] = { "a", "b", "d", NULL };
+	char *c[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+
+	EXPECT(names_equal(a, a));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, b));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, c));
+}
+
+static int write_test_ref(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = arg;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, ref->update_index, ref->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, ref);
+}
+
+struct write_log_arg {
+	struct reftable_log_record *log;
+	uint64_t update_index;
+};
+
+static int write_test_log(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct write_log_arg *wla = arg;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, wla->update_index, wla->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_log(wr, wla->log);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add_one(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	printf("testing print functionality:\n");
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_uptodate(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "branch2",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+
+	/* simulate multi-process access to the same stack
+	   by creating two stacks for the same directory.
+	 */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_transaction_api(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(add, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(add);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF == dest.value_type);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_validate_refname(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	char *additions[] = { "a", "a/b/c" };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(additions); i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = additions[i],
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static int write_error(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	return *((int *)arg);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_update_index_check(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "name1",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "name2",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_lock_failure(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err, i;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	for (i = -1; i != REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR; i--) {
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_error, &i);
+		EXPECT(err == i);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		.exact_log_message = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	st->disable_auto_compact = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = N + i + 1;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&dest, refs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_log_record dest = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&dest, logs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_log_normalize(void)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		0,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	uint8_t h1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x01 }, h2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x02 };
+
+	struct reftable_log_record input = { .refname = "branch",
+					     .update_index = 1,
+					     .value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+					     .value = { .update = {
+								.new_hash = h1,
+								.old_hash = h2,
+							} } };
+	struct reftable_log_record dest = {
+		.update_index = 0,
+	};
+	struct write_log_arg arg = {
+		.log = &input,
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one\ntwo";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "one\n"));
+
+	input.value.update.message = "two\n";
+	arg.update_index = 2;
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "two\n"));
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_tombstone(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log_dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* even entries add the refs, odd entries delete them. */
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		const char *buf = "branch";
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+			refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+		}
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		/* update_index is part of the key. */
+		logs[i].update_index = 42;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+			logs[i].value.update.new_hash =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+			logs[i].value.update.email =
+				xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_hash_id(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "target",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg32 = { .hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID };
+	struct reftable_stack *st32 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg_default = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st_default = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* can't read it with the wrong hash ID. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st32, dir, cfg32);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	/* check that we can read it back with default config too. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st_default, dir, cfg_default);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st_default, "master", &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&ref, &dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st_default);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_log2(void)
+{
+	EXPECT(1 == fastlog2(3));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(4));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(5));
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 };
+	/* .................0  1  2  3  4  5 */
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(segs[2].log == 3);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].start == 5);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].end == 6);
+
+	EXPECT(segs[1].log == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].start == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].end == 5);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_empty(void)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, NULL, 0);
+	EXPECT(seglen == 0);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 5, 5 };
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(seglen == 1);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].start == 0);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].end == 2);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 128, 64, 17, 16, 9, 9, 9, 16, 16 };
+	/* .................0    1    2  3   4  5  6 */
+	struct segment min =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(min.start == 2);
+	EXPECT(min.end == 7);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 };
+	struct segment result =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(result.start == result.end);
+}
+
+static void test_reflog_expire(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[20] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(logs) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_log_expiry_config expiry = {
+		.time = 10,
+	};
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = i;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		logs[i].value.update.time = i;
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[9].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[11].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	expiry.min_update_index = 15;
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[14].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[16].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i <= N; i++) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+}
+
+static int write_nothing(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, 1, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void test_empty_add(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_nothing, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 100;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+		EXPECT(i < 3 || st->merged->stack_len < 2 * fastlog2(i));
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_stack_compaction_stats(st)->entries_written <
+	       (uint64_t)(N * fastlog2(N)));
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void unclean_stack_close(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	// break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown.
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+	}
+	st->readers_len = 0;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL, *st3 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	unclean_stack_close(st1);
+	unclean_stack_close(st2);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st3, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean(st3);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st3);
+
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_empty_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log2);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names);
+	RUN_TEST(test_read_file);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reflog_expire);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add_one);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_hash_id);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_lock_failure);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_log_normalize);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_tombstone);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_transaction_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_update_index_check);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_uptodate);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_validate_refname);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c8db6852c35..996da85f7b5 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
+	stack_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 18/19] reftable: add dump utility
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (16 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (3 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

provide a command-line utility for inspecting individual tables, and
inspecting a complete ref database

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/dump.c | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 107 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c

diff --git a/reftable/dump.c b/reftable/dump.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..155953d1b82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/dump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static int compact_stack(const char *stackdir)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(stack, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+done:
+	if (stack) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void print_help(void)
+{
+	printf("usage: dump [-cst] arg\n\n"
+	       "options: \n"
+	       "  -c compact\n"
+	       "  -t dump table\n"
+	       "  -s dump stack\n"
+	       "  -6 sha256 hash format\n"
+	       "  -h this help\n"
+	       "\n");
+}
+
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int opt_dump_table = 0;
+	int opt_dump_stack = 0;
+	int opt_compact = 0;
+	uint32_t opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	const char *arg = NULL, *argv0 = argv[0];
+
+	for (; argc > 1; argv++, argc--)
+		if (*argv[1] != '-')
+			break;
+		else if (!strcmp("-t", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_table = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-6", argv[1]))
+			opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID;
+		else if (!strcmp("-s", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_stack = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-c", argv[1]))
+			opt_compact = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-?", argv[1]) || !strcmp("-h", argv[1])) {
+			print_help();
+			return 2;
+		}
+
+	if (argc != 2) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "need argument\n");
+		print_help();
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	arg = argv[1];
+
+	if (opt_dump_table) {
+		err = reftable_reader_print_file(arg);
+	} else if (opt_dump_stack) {
+		err = reftable_stack_print_directory(arg, opt_hash_id);
+	} else if (opt_compact) {
+		err = compact_stack(arg);
+	}
+
+	if (err < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", argv0, arg,
+			reftable_error_str(err));
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (17 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 14:57 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-08-30 15:22 ` [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys
                   ` (2 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-08-30 14:57 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This command dumps individual tables or a stack of of tables.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 | 1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c | 5 +++++
 t/helper/test-tool.c     | 1 +
 t/helper/test-tool.h     | 1 +
 4 files changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 8be7e05ff99..3d80975c706 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2474,6 +2474,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/dump.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 996da85f7b5..26b03d7b789 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -14,3 +14,8 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	return reftable_dump_main(argc, (char *const *)argv);
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index f7c888ffda7..338a57b104d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
 	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
+	{ "dump-reftable", cmd__dump_reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 25f77469146..48cee1f4a2d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ int cmd__dump_cache_tree(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_fsmonitor(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_split_index(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_untracked_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__example_decorate(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__fast_rebase(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__genrandom(int argc, const char **argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (18 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-08-30 15:22 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys @ 2021-08-30 15:22 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  Cc: git, Han-Wen Nienhuys, Junio C Hamano,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason

On Mon, Aug 30, 2021 at 5:05 PM Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
<gitgitgadget@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.
>
> This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
> file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
> not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.

Junio, per discussion with AEvar, let's kick out the full reftable
topic from next, and put in this topic. This is unlikely to have
conflicts with any other efforts, and is necessary for the full
reftable support anyway.

-- 
Han-Wen Nienhuys - Google Munich
I work 80%. Don't expect answers from me on Fridays.
--
Google Germany GmbH, Erika-Mann-Strasse 33, 80636 Munich
Registergericht und -nummer: Hamburg, HRB 86891
Sitz der Gesellschaft: Hamburg
Geschäftsführer: Paul Manicle, Halimah DeLaine Prado

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH] fixup! Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-02  6:12   ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-02  6:12 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

OpenBSD 7.0 (currently in beta) comes with zlib 1.2.11 and no longer needs
this compatibility layer.

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 config.mak.uname | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index 019c88d5df..e3b7343ed2 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -256,7 +256,10 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	FILENO_IS_A_MACRO = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
-	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
+	# Versions < 7.0 need compatibility layer
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : "[1-6]\."),2)
+		NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = UnfortunatelyYes
+	endif
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-- 
2.33.0.481.g26d3bed244


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (19 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-08-30 15:22 ` [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys
@ 2021-09-08  7:45 ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: reading/writing blocks Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                     ` (4 more replies)
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  21 siblings, 5 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-08  7:45 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

DEVELOPER=1 wasn't working well in OpenBSD until cb/makefile-apple-clang
(which just hit next), so I missed it in my previous run.

hopefully it is not too late to fix this, otherwise.

As usual they should apply to the patch they refer to and are based on the
last reroll in seen (tip 1427aef0bd as of e881a4ab6c (Merge branch
'hn/reftable' into seen, 2021-09-07)

Except from the last patch (and two other minor refactors I couldn't avoid)
they could all be one single change to move the declaration for the zlib
compat function to some place where it could be visible from the two files
that will use it, but it was spread on multiple files to easy autosquashing

Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón (4):
  fixup! reftable: reading/writing blocks
  fixup! reftable: utility functions
  fixup! Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  fixup! reftable: utility functions

 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c |  3 +++
 reftable/basics.h         |  1 -
 reftable/block.c          |  9 ---------
 reftable/system.h         | 10 +++++++++-
 4 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

-- 
2.33.0.481.g26d3bed244


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-08  7:45   ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                     ` (3 subsequent siblings)
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-08  7:45 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

move the definition to "system.h" because it needs to be accessible
also to the compat file.
---
 reftable/block.c | 9 ---------
 1 file changed, 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/reftable/block.c b/reftable/block.c
index eb5268dd3a..11387b260a 100644
--- a/reftable/block.c
+++ b/reftable/block.c
@@ -15,15 +15,6 @@ license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 #include "system.h"
 #include <zlib.h>
 
-#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
-/*
- * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
- * (released as of early 2017)
- */
-int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
-		uLong *sourceLen);
-#endif
-
 int header_size(int version)
 {
 	switch (version) {
-- 
2.33.0.481.g26d3bed244


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions
  2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: reading/writing blocks Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-08  7:45   ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 3/4] fixup! Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                     ` (2 subsequent siblings)
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-08  7:45 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

remove forward declaration for strbuf that is no longer needed once
strbuf.h was included.

add a conditional declaration for the zlib function that then can
be used in both the compat definition and the block.c user without
triggering -Wmissing-prototypes:

compat/zlib-uncompress2.c:36:13: error: no previous prototype for function
      'uncompress2' [-Werror,-Wmissing-prototypes]
int ZEXPORT uncompress2 (
            ^
compat/zlib-uncompress2.c:36:1: note: declare 'static' if the function is not
      intended to be used outside of this translation unit
int ZEXPORT uncompress2 (
^
static
1 error generated.
gmake: *** [Makefile:2571: compat/zlib-uncompress2.o] Error 1

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/system.h | 10 +++++++++-
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/reftable/system.h b/reftable/system.h
index 4f62827b83..4907306c0c 100644
--- a/reftable/system.h
+++ b/reftable/system.h
@@ -18,7 +18,15 @@ license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 
 #include <zlib.h>
 
-struct strbuf;
+#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+/*
+ * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
+ * (released as of early 2017)
+ */
+int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
+		uLong *sourceLen);
+#endif
+
 int hash_size(uint32_t id);
 
 #endif
-- 
2.33.0.481.g26d3bed244


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 3/4] fixup! Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: reading/writing blocks Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-08  7:45   ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 4/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08 18:50   ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Junio C Hamano
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-08  7:45 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

while at it, make sure z_conf is defined to null (usually coming
from zconf.h, but optional and otherwise to fail with older zlib
versions)

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
index 23b72b49c4..722610b971 100644
--- a/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
+++ b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@
 
 */
 
+#include "../reftable/system.h"
+#define z_const
+
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 1995-2003, 2010, 2014, 2016 Jean-loup Gailly, Mark Adler
  * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
-- 
2.33.0.481.g26d3bed244


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 4/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions
  2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                     ` (2 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 3/4] fixup! Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-08  7:45   ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-08 18:50   ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Junio C Hamano
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-08  7:45 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

---
 reftable/basics.h | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/reftable/basics.h b/reftable/basics.h
index 096b36862b..0645b74196 100644
--- a/reftable/basics.h
+++ b/reftable/basics.h
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ void reftable_free(void *p);
 void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz);
 
 /* Find the longest shared prefix size of `a` and `b` */
-struct strbuf;
 int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b);
 
 #endif
-- 
2.33.0.481.g26d3bed244


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable
  2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                     ` (3 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 4/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-08 18:50   ` Junio C Hamano
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2021-09-08 18:50 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón; +Cc: git, hanwen

Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón  <carenas@gmail.com> writes:

> DEVELOPER=1 wasn't working well in OpenBSD until cb/makefile-apple-clang
> (which just hit next), so I missed it in my previous run.
>
> hopefully it is not too late to fix this, otherwise.

I haven't merged them to 'next', so it is easy to accept a
reroll.

> As usual they should apply to the patch they refer to and are based on the
> last reroll in seen (tip 1427aef0bd as of e881a4ab6c (Merge branch
> 'hn/reftable' into seen, 2021-09-07)
>
> Except from the last patch (and two other minor refactors I couldn't avoid)
> they could all be one single change to move the declaration for the zlib
> compat function to some place where it could be visible from the two files
> that will use it, but it was spread on multiple files to easy autosquashing
>
> Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón (4):
>   fixup! reftable: reading/writing blocks
>   fixup! reftable: utility functions
>   fixup! Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
>   fixup! reftable: utility functions
>
>  compat/zlib-uncompress2.c |  3 +++
>  reftable/basics.h         |  1 -
>  reftable/block.c          |  9 ---------
>  reftable/system.h         | 10 +++++++++-
>  4 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-08-30 14:57 [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                   ` (20 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-09 18:47 ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (21 more replies)
  21 siblings, 22 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.

This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.

v2:

 * fold in OpenBSD fixes by Carlo Belón.

Han-Wen Nienhuys (19):
  hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  reftable: add error related functionality
  reftable: utility functions
  reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  reftable: reading/writing blocks
  reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  reftable: write reftable files
  reftable: generic interface to tables
  reftable: read reftable files
  reftable: reftable file level tests
  reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  reftable: add merged table view
  reftable: implement refname validation
  reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  reftable: add dump utility
  Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.

 Makefile                                   |   53 +-
 ci/lib.sh                                  |    1 +
 compat/.gitattributes                      |    1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c                  |   95 ++
 config.mak.uname                           |    5 +
 configure.ac                               |   13 +
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |   14 +-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |   11 +-
 hash.h                                     |    6 +
 object-file.c                              |    7 +-
 reftable/LICENSE                           |   31 +
 reftable/basics.c                          |  128 ++
 reftable/basics.h                          |   60 +
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |   98 ++
 reftable/block.c                           |  439 ++++++
 reftable/block.h                           |  127 ++
 reftable/block_test.c                      |  120 ++
 reftable/blocksource.c                     |  148 +++
 reftable/blocksource.h                     |   22 +
 reftable/constants.h                       |   21 +
 reftable/dump.c                            |  107 ++
 reftable/error.c                           |   41 +
 reftable/generic.c                         |  169 +++
 reftable/generic.h                         |   32 +
 reftable/iter.c                            |  194 +++
 reftable/iter.h                            |   69 +
 reftable/merged.c                          |  362 +++++
 reftable/merged.h                          |   35 +
 reftable/merged_test.c                     |  292 ++++
 reftable/pq.c                              |  105 ++
 reftable/pq.h                              |   33 +
 reftable/pq_test.c                         |   82 ++
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |   58 +
 reftable/reader.c                          |  801 +++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h                          |   66 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c                  |  652 +++++++++
 reftable/record.c                          | 1212 +++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h                          |  139 ++
 reftable/record_test.c                     |  412 ++++++
 reftable/refname.c                         |  209 +++
 reftable/refname.h                         |   29 +
 reftable/refname_test.c                    |  102 ++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h            |   49 +
 reftable/reftable-error.h                  |   62 +
 reftable/reftable-generic.h                |   47 +
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h               |   39 +
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |   18 +
 reftable/reftable-merged.h                 |   72 +
 reftable/reftable-reader.h                 |  101 ++
 reftable/reftable-record.h                 |  114 ++
 reftable/reftable-stack.h                  |  128 ++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |   23 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h                 |  148 +++
 reftable/reftable.c                        |  115 ++
 reftable/stack.c                           | 1396 ++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h                           |   41 +
 reftable/stack_test.c                      |  949 +++++++++++++
 reftable/system.h                          |   32 +
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |   23 +
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |   53 +
 reftable/tree.c                            |   63 +
 reftable/tree.h                            |   34 +
 reftable/tree_test.c                       |   61 +
 reftable/writer.c                          |  690 ++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h                          |   50 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   21 +
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |    4 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |    2 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |   15 +
 69 files changed, 10939 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh


base-commit: e0a2f5cbc585657e757385ad918f167f519cfb96
Published-As: https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/releases/tag/pr-git-1081%2Fhanwen%2Fjust-library-v2
Fetch-It-Via: git fetch https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git pr-git-1081/hanwen/just-library-v2
Pull-Request: https://github.com/git/git/pull/1081

Range-diff vs v1:

  1:  b9ee8cd8e9f =  1:  8534c69cf84 hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  2:  2d31c783fb5 =  2:  52968d8e83f reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  3:  ea6f4f8c150 =  3:  84c8b396df5 reftable: add error related functionality
  4:  fd5c5c9f338 !  4:  fa58f3d73e7 reftable: utility functions
     @@ Makefile: OBJECTS += $(PROGRAM_OBJS)
       endif
      @@ Makefile: $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
       $(XDIFF_LIB): $(XDIFF_OBJS)
     - 	$(QUIET_AR)$(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
     + 	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
       
      +$(REFTABLE_LIB): $(REFTABLE_OBJS)
      +	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
     @@ reftable/system.h (new)
      +
      +#include <zlib.h>
      +
     -+struct strbuf;
     ++#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
     ++/*
     ++ * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
     ++ * (released as of early 2017)
     ++ */
     ++int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
     ++		uLong *sourceLen);
     ++#endif
     ++
      +int hash_size(uint32_t id);
      +
      +#endif
  5:  c11f06ed6fb =  5:  e9206532126 reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  6:  23977331cf8 =  6:  651e195fe77 reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  7:  aa9b8e05dbd !  7:  e595dbc6c84 Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
     @@ compat/zlib-uncompress2.c (new)
      +
      +*/
      +
     ++#include "../reftable/system.h"
     ++#define z_const
     ++
      +/*
      + * Copyright (C) 1995-2003, 2010, 2014, 2016 Jean-loup Gailly, Mark Adler
      + * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
     @@ config.mak.uname: ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
       endif
       ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
      +	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
     ++	# Versions < 7.0 need compatibility layer
     ++	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : "[1-6]\."),2)
     ++		NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = UnfortunatelyYes
     ++	endif
       	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
       	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
       	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
  8:  2648e05c510 !  8:  97f7ee04886 reftable: reading/writing blocks
     @@ reftable/block.c (new)
      +#include "system.h"
      +#include <zlib.h>
      +
     -+#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
     -+/*
     -+ * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
     -+ * (released as of early 2017)
     -+ */
     -+int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
     -+		uLong *sourceLen);
     -+#endif
     -+
      +int header_size(int version)
      +{
      +	switch (version) {
  9:  49a9a00465d !  9:  8d2e8be5795 reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
     @@ reftable/tree_test.c (new)
      +{
      +	struct curry *c = arg;
      +	if (c->last) {
     -+		assert(test_compare(c->last, key) < 0);
     ++		EXPECT(test_compare(c->last, key) < 0);
      +	}
      +	c->last = key;
      +}
     @@ reftable/tree_test.c (new)
      +	} while (i != 1);
      +
      +	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nodes); i++) {
     -+		assert(values + i == nodes[i]->key);
     -+		assert(nodes[i] ==
     ++		EXPECT(values + i == nodes[i]->key);
     ++		EXPECT(nodes[i] ==
      +		       tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 0));
      +	}
      +
 10:  c00876afd26 = 10:  965af6ec065 reftable: write reftable files
 11:  0f32d6f4c91 = 11:  4e259380fda reftable: generic interface to tables
 12:  a77878993aa = 12:  a43d3512164 reftable: read reftable files
 13:  4bbefe977ae = 13:  f0e159cd853 reftable: reftable file level tests
 14:  7ee46496081 ! 14:  5a5c108d601 reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
     @@ reftable/pq.c (new)
      +#include "system.h"
      +#include "basics.h"
      +
     -+static int pq_less(struct pq_entry a, struct pq_entry b)
     ++int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b)
      +{
      +	struct strbuf ak = STRBUF_INIT;
      +	struct strbuf bk = STRBUF_INIT;
      +	int cmp = 0;
     -+	reftable_record_key(&a.rec, &ak);
     -+	reftable_record_key(&b.rec, &bk);
     ++	reftable_record_key(&a->rec, &ak);
     ++	reftable_record_key(&b->rec, &bk);
      +
      +	cmp = strbuf_cmp(&ak, &bk);
      +
     @@ reftable/pq.c (new)
      +	strbuf_release(&bk);
      +
      +	if (cmp == 0)
     -+		return a.index > b.index;
     ++		return a->index > b->index;
      +
      +	return cmp < 0;
      +}
     @@ reftable/pq.c (new)
      +	return pq.len == 0;
      +}
      +
     -+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
     -+{
     -+	int i = 0;
     -+	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
     -+		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
     -+
     -+		assert(pq_less(pq.heap[parent], pq.heap[i]));
     -+	}
     -+}
     -+
      +struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
      +{
      +	int i = 0;
     @@ reftable/pq.c (new)
      +		int min = i;
      +		int j = 2 * i + 1;
      +		int k = 2 * i + 2;
     -+		if (j < pq->len && pq_less(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i])) {
     ++		if (j < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
      +			min = j;
      +		}
     -+		if (k < pq->len && pq_less(pq->heap[k], pq->heap[min])) {
     ++		if (k < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[k], &pq->heap[min])) {
      +			min = k;
      +		}
      +
     @@ reftable/pq.c (new)
      +	i = pq->len - 1;
      +	while (i > 0) {
      +		int j = (i - 1) / 2;
     -+		if (pq_less(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i])) {
     ++		if (pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
      +			break;
      +		}
      +
     @@ reftable/pq.h (new)
      +struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
      +void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e);
      +void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
     ++int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b);
      +
      +#endif
      
     @@ reftable/pq_test.c (new)
      +#include "reftable-tests.h"
      +#include "test_framework.h"
      +
     ++void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
     ++{
     ++	int i = 0;
     ++	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
     ++		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
     ++
     ++		assert(pq_less(&pq.heap[parent], &pq.heap[i]));
     ++	}
     ++}
     ++
      +static void test_pq(void)
      +{
      +	char *names[54] = { NULL };
     @@ reftable/pq_test.c (new)
      +		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
      +
      +		if (last) {
     -+			assert(strcmp(last, ref->refname) < 0);
     ++			EXPECT(strcmp(last, ref->refname) < 0);
      +		}
      +		last = ref->refname;
      +		ref->refname = NULL;
 15:  8bc889aaae8 ! 15:  905ffa58f36 reftable: add merged table view
     @@ reftable/merged_test.c (new)
      +	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      +		uint64_t before = refs[i].update_index;
      +		int n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
     -+		assert(n == 0);
     -+		assert(before == refs[i].update_index);
     ++		EXPECT(n == 0);
     ++		EXPECT(before == refs[i].update_index);
      +	}
      +
      +	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
     @@ reftable/merged_test.c (new)
      +	}
      +	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
      +
     -+	assert(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
     ++	EXPECT(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
      +	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
     -+		assert(reftable_ref_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
     ++		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
      +						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
      +	}
      +	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
     @@ reftable/merged_test.c (new)
      +	EXPECT_ERR(err);
      +
      +	hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id(rd);
     -+	assert(hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
     ++	EXPECT(hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
      +
      +	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab[0], rd);
      +	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&merged, tab, 1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
 16:  9a30c1c4666 = 16:  e9598889af2 reftable: implement refname validation
 17:  b099c42d65d = 17:  8b0ee68c636 reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
 18:  0170f20b5e7 = 18:  a9bebe45bde reftable: add dump utility
 19:  4fc6b5cbf16 = 19:  104fbc7502f Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.

-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (20 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will simplify referencing them from code that is not deeply integrated with
Git, in particular, the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 hash.h        | 6 ++++++
 object-file.c | 7 ++-----
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
index 9e25c40e9ac..5d40368f18a 100644
--- a/hash.h
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -95,12 +95,18 @@ static inline void git_SHA256_Clone(git_SHA256_CTX *dst, const git_SHA256_CTX *s
 /* Number of algorithms supported (including unknown). */
 #define GIT_HASH_NALGOS (GIT_HASH_SHA256 + 1)
 
+/* "sha1", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID 0x73686131
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-1 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ 20
 #define GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)
 /* The block size of SHA-1. */
 #define GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ 64
 
+/* "s256", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID 0x73323536
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-256 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ 32
 #define GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ)
diff --git a/object-file.c b/object-file.c
index a8be8994814..7bfd5e6e2e9 100644
--- a/object-file.c
+++ b/object-file.c
@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ static void git_hash_unknown_final_oid(struct object_id *oid, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 	BUG("trying to finalize unknown hash");
 }
 
-
 const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	{
 		NULL,
@@ -183,8 +182,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha1",
-		/* "sha1", big-endian */
-		0x73686131,
+		GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ,
@@ -199,8 +197,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha256",
-		/* "s256", big-endian */
-		0x73323536,
+		GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_BLKSZ,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (19 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The objective of this code is to be usable as a C library, so it can be reused
in libgit2.

This is currently using a BSD license as it is the liberal license I could find,
but this could be changed to whatever fits the stated goal above.

This code is currently imported from github.com/hanwen/reftable. Once this code
lands in git.git, the C code will be removed from github.com/hanwen/reftable,
and the git.git code will be the source of truth.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/LICENSE | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE

diff --git a/reftable/LICENSE b/reftable/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..402e0f9356b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+BSD License
+
+Copyright (c) 2020, Google LLC
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of Google LLC nor the names of its contributors may
+be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (18 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable/ directory is structured as a library, so it cannot
crash on misuse. Instead, it returns an error codes.

In addition, the error code can be used to signal conditions from lower levels
of the library to be handled by higher levels of the library. For example, a
transaction might legitimately write an empty reftable file, but in that case,
we'd want to shortcut the transaction overhead.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/error.c          | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-error.h | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 103 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h

diff --git a/reftable/error.c b/reftable/error.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f6f16def921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/error.c
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err)
+{
+	static char buf[250];
+	switch (err) {
+	case REFTABLE_IO_ERROR:
+		return "I/O error";
+	case REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR:
+		return "corrupt reftable file";
+	case REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR:
+		return "file does not exist";
+	case REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR:
+		return "data is outdated";
+	case REFTABLE_API_ERROR:
+		return "misuse of the reftable API";
+	case REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR:
+		return "zlib failure";
+	case REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT:
+		return "file/directory conflict";
+	case REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR:
+		return "wrote empty table";
+	case REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR:
+		return "invalid refname";
+	case -1:
+		return "general error";
+	default:
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "unknown error code %d", err);
+		return buf;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-error.h b/reftable/reftable-error.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6f89bedf1a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+
+/*
+ * Errors in reftable calls are signaled with negative integer return values. 0
+ * means success.
+ */
+enum reftable_error {
+	/* Unexpected file system behavior */
+	REFTABLE_IO_ERROR = -2,
+
+	/* Format inconsistency on reading data */
+	REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR = -3,
+
+	/* File does not exist. Returned from block_source_from_file(), because
+	 * it needs special handling in stack.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR = -4,
+
+	/* Trying to write out-of-date data. */
+	REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR = -5,
+
+	/* Misuse of the API:
+	 *  - on writing a record with NULL refname.
+	 *  - on writing a reftable_ref_record outside the table limits
+	 *  - on writing a ref or log record before the stack's
+	 * next_update_inde*x
+	 *  - on writing a log record with multiline message with
+	 *  exact_log_message unset
+	 *  - on reading a reftable_ref_record from log iterator, or vice versa.
+	 *
+	 * When a call misuses the API, the internal state of the library is
+	 * kept unchanged.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_API_ERROR = -6,
+
+	/* Decompression error */
+	REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR = -7,
+
+	/* Wrote a table without blocks. */
+	REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR = -8,
+
+	/* Dir/file conflict. */
+	REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT = -9,
+
+	/* Invalid ref name. */
+	REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR = -10,
+};
+
+/* convert the numeric error code to a string. The string should not be
+ * deallocated. */
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 04/19] reftable: utility functions
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (2 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (17 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This commit provides basic utility classes for the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
---
 Makefile                                   |  25 +++-
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |  14 ++-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |  11 +-
 reftable/basics.c                          | 128 +++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/basics.h                          |  60 ++++++++++
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |  98 ++++++++++++++++
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |  58 ++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |  18 +++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |  22 ++++
 reftable/system.h                          |  32 ++++++
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |  23 ++++
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |  53 +++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   9 ++
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |   3 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |   1 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |  15 +++
 16 files changed, 563 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 429c276058d..0bf5e49aa61 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -743,6 +743,7 @@ TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-cache.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-graph.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-midx.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-ref-store.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-reftable.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-regex.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-repository.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-revision-walking.o
@@ -821,6 +822,8 @@ TEST_SHELL_PATH = $(SHELL_PATH)
 
 LIB_FILE = libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB = xdiff/lib.a
+REFTABLE_LIB = reftable/libreftable.a
+REFTABLE_TEST_LIB = reftable/libreftable_test.a
 
 GENERATED_H += command-list.h
 GENERATED_H += config-list.h
@@ -1195,7 +1198,7 @@ THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += compat/regex/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1collisiondetection/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1dc/%
 
-GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB)
 EXTLIBS =
 
 GIT_USER_AGENT = git/$(GIT_VERSION)
@@ -2446,7 +2449,15 @@ XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xutils.o
 .PHONY: xdiff-objs
 xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
+
 .PHONY: test-objs
 test-objs: $(TEST_OBJS)
 
@@ -2462,6 +2473,8 @@ OBJECTS += $(PROGRAM_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(TEST_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(FUZZ_OBJS)
+OBJECTS += $(REFTABLE_OBJS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+
 ifndef NO_CURL
 	OBJECTS += http.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o
 endif
@@ -2612,6 +2625,12 @@ $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
 $(XDIFF_LIB): $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
 
+$(REFTABLE_LIB): $(REFTABLE_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
+$(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB): $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
 export DEFAULT_EDITOR DEFAULT_PAGER
 
 Documentation/GIT-EXCLUDED-PROGRAMS: FORCE
@@ -2904,7 +2923,7 @@ perf: all
 
 t/helper/test-tool$X: $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
-t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
+t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(filter %.a,$^) $(LIBS)
 
 check-sha1:: t/helper/test-tool$X
@@ -3234,7 +3253,7 @@ cocciclean:
 clean: profile-clean coverage-clean cocciclean
 	$(RM) *.res
 	$(RM) $(OBJECTS)
-	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
 	$(RM) $(FUZZ_PROGRAMS)
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
index 171b4124afe..c2bf5bdffc6 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -640,6 +640,12 @@ parse_makefile_for_sources(libxdiff_SOURCES "XDIFF_OBJS")
 list(TRANSFORM libxdiff_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
 add_library(xdiff STATIC ${libxdiff_SOURCES})
 
+#reftable
+parse_makefile_for_sources(reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_OBJS")
+
+list(TRANSFORM reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+add_library(reftable STATIC ${reftable_SOURCES})
+
 if(WIN32)
 	if(NOT MSVC)#use windres when compiling with gcc and clang
 		add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/git.res
@@ -662,7 +668,7 @@ endif()
 #link all required libraries to common-main
 add_library(common-main OBJECT ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-main.c)
 
-target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff reftable ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
 if(Intl_FOUND)
 	target_link_libraries(common-main ${Intl_LIBRARIES})
 endif()
@@ -902,11 +908,15 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
 add_executable(test-fake-ssh ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-fake-ssh.c)
 target_link_libraries(test-fake-ssh common-main)
 
+#reftable-tests
+parse_makefile_for_sources(test-reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS")
+list(TRANSFORM test-reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+
 #test-tool
 parse_makefile_for_sources(test-tool_SOURCES "TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS")
 
 list(TRANSFORM test-tool_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/")
-add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES})
+add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES} ${test-reftable_SOURCES})
 target_link_libraries(test-tool common-main)
 
 set_target_properties(test-fake-ssh test-tool
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
index d2584450ba1..1a25789d285 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ sub createProject {
     my $libs_release = "\n    ";
     my $libs_debug = "\n    ";
     if (!$static_library) {
-      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
+      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib|reftable\/libreftable\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
       $libs_debug = $libs_release;
       $libs_debug =~ s/zlib\.lib/zlibd\.lib/g;
       $libs_debug =~ s/libexpat\.lib/libexpatd\.lib/g;
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ EOM
 EOM
     if (!$static_library || $target =~ 'vcs-svn' || $target =~ 'xdiff') {
       my $uuid_libgit = $$build_structure{"LIBS_libgit_GUID"};
+      my $uuid_libreftable = $$build_structure{"LIBS_reftable/libreftable_GUID"};
       my $uuid_xdiff_lib = $$build_structure{"LIBS_xdiff/lib_GUID"};
 
       print F << "EOM";
@@ -241,6 +242,14 @@ EOM
       <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
     </ProjectReference>
 EOM
+      if (!($name =~ /xdiff|libreftable/)) {
+        print F << "EOM";
+    <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\reftable\\libreftable\\libreftable.vcxproj">
+      <Project>$uuid_libreftable</Project>
+      <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
+    </ProjectReference>
+EOM
+      }
       if (!($name =~ 'xdiff')) {
         print F << "EOM";
     <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\xdiff\\lib\\xdiff_lib.vcxproj">
diff --git a/reftable/basics.c b/reftable/basics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f761e48028c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 16) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[2] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in)
+{
+	return (uint32_t)(in[0]) << 16 | (uint32_t)(in[1]) << 8 |
+	       (uint32_t)(in[2]);
+}
+
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args)
+{
+	size_t lo = 0;
+	size_t hi = sz;
+
+	/* Invariants:
+	 *
+	 *  (hi == sz) || f(hi) == true
+	 *  (lo == 0 && f(0) == true) || fi(lo) == false
+	 */
+	while (hi - lo > 1) {
+		size_t mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
+
+		if (f(mid, args))
+			hi = mid;
+		else
+			lo = mid;
+	}
+
+	if (lo)
+		return hi;
+
+	return f(0, args) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+void free_names(char **a)
+{
+	char **p;
+	if (!a) {
+		return;
+	}
+	for (p = a; *p; p++) {
+		reftable_free(*p);
+	}
+	reftable_free(a);
+}
+
+int names_length(char **names)
+{
+	char **p = names;
+	for (; *p; p++) {
+		/* empty */
+	}
+	return p - names;
+}
+
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	size_t names_cap = 0;
+	size_t names_len = 0;
+
+	char *p = buf;
+	char *end = buf + size;
+	while (p < end) {
+		char *next = strchr(p, '\n');
+		if (next && next < end) {
+			*next = 0;
+		} else {
+			next = end;
+		}
+		if (p < next) {
+			if (names_len == names_cap) {
+				names_cap = 2 * names_cap + 1;
+				names = reftable_realloc(
+					names, names_cap * sizeof(*names));
+			}
+			names[names_len++] = xstrdup(p);
+		}
+		p = next + 1;
+	}
+
+	names = reftable_realloc(names, (names_len + 1) * sizeof(*names));
+	names[names_len] = NULL;
+	*namesp = names;
+}
+
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; a[i] && b[i]; i++) {
+		if (strcmp(a[i], b[i])) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return a[i] == b[i];
+}
+
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b)
+{
+	int p = 0;
+	for (; p < a->len && p < b->len; p++) {
+		if (a->buf[p] != b->buf[p])
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return p;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/basics.h b/reftable/basics.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..096b36862b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/*
+ * miscellaneous utilities that are not provided by Git.
+ */
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+/* Bigendian en/decoding of integers */
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i);
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in);
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i);
+
+/*
+ * find smallest index i in [0, sz) at which f(i) is true, assuming
+ * that f is ascending. Return sz if f(i) is false for all indices.
+ *
+ * Contrary to bsearch(3), this returns something useful if the argument is not
+ * found.
+ */
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args);
+
+/*
+ * Frees a NULL terminated array of malloced strings. The array itself is also
+ * freed.
+ */
+void free_names(char **a);
+
+/* parse a newline separated list of names. `size` is the length of the buffer,
+ * without terminating '\0'. Empty names are discarded. */
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp);
+
+/* compares two NULL-terminated arrays of strings. */
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b);
+
+/* returns the array size of a NULL-terminated array of strings. */
+int names_length(char **names);
+
+/* Allocation routines; they invoke the functions set through
+ * reftable_set_alloc() */
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz);
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz);
+void reftable_free(void *p);
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz);
+
+/* Find the longest shared prefix size of `a` and `b` */
+struct strbuf;
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/basics_test.c b/reftable/basics_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fcd2297256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct binsearch_args {
+	int key;
+	int *arr;
+};
+
+static int binsearch_func(size_t i, void *void_args)
+{
+	struct binsearch_args *args = void_args;
+
+	return args->key < args->arr[i];
+}
+
+static void test_binsearch(void)
+{
+	int arr[] = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
+	size_t sz = ARRAY_SIZE(arr);
+	struct binsearch_args args = {
+		.arr = arr,
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < 11; i++) {
+		int res;
+		args.key = i;
+		res = binsearch(sz, &binsearch_func, &args);
+
+		if (res < sz) {
+			EXPECT(args.key < arr[res]);
+			if (res > 0) {
+				EXPECT(args.key >= arr[res - 1]);
+			}
+		} else {
+			EXPECT(args.key == 10 || args.key == 11);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_names_length(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+	EXPECT(names_length(a) == 2);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_normal(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\nb\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[1], "b"));
+	EXPECT(!out[2]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_drop_empty(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\n\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!out[1]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf s1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf s2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&s1, "abcdef");
+	strbuf_addstr(&s2, "abc");
+	EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&s1, &s2) == 3);
+	strbuf_release(&s1);
+	strbuf_release(&s2);
+}
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_normal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_drop_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_binsearch);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_length);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/publicbasics.c b/reftable/publicbasics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd0a02d3f68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/publicbasics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-malloc.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz) = &malloc;
+static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t) = &realloc;
+static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *) = &free;
+
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	return (*reftable_malloc_ptr)(sz);
+}
+
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz)
+{
+	return (*reftable_realloc_ptr)(p, sz);
+}
+
+void reftable_free(void *p)
+{
+	reftable_free_ptr(p);
+}
+
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	void *p = reftable_malloc(sz);
+	memset(p, 0, sz);
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *))
+{
+	reftable_malloc_ptr = malloc;
+	reftable_realloc_ptr = realloc;
+	reftable_free_ptr = free;
+}
+
+int hash_size(uint32_t id)
+{
+	switch (id) {
+	case 0:
+	case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ;
+	case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-malloc.h b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f2185f1f34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_H
+#define REFTABLE_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/* Overrides the functions to use for memory management. */
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *));
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e7698ae654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+#define REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/system.h b/reftable/system.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4907306c0c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/system.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef SYSTEM_H
+#define SYSTEM_H
+
+/* This header glues the reftable library to the rest of Git */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "hash.h" /* hash ID, sizes.*/
+#include "dir.h" /* remove_dir_recursively, for tests.*/
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+/*
+ * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
+ * (released as of early 2017)
+ */
+int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
+		uLong *sourceLen);
+#endif
+
+int hash_size(uint32_t id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.c b/reftable/test_framework.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84ac972cad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i)
+{
+	memset(p, (uint8_t)i, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+}
+
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	strbuf_add(b, data, sz);
+	return sz;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.h b/reftable/test_framework.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..774cb275bf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+#define TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#define EXPECT_ERR(c)                                                  \
+	if (c != 0) {                                                  \
+		fflush(stderr);                                        \
+		fflush(stdout);                                        \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: error == %d (%s), want 0\n",  \
+			__FILE__, __LINE__, c, reftable_error_str(c)); \
+		abort();                                               \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT_STREQ(a, b)                                               \
+	if (strcmp(a, b)) {                                              \
+		fflush(stderr);                                          \
+		fflush(stdout);                                          \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s (%s) != %s (%s)\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #a, a, #b, b);                         \
+		abort();                                                 \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT(c)                                                          \
+	if (!(c)) {                                                        \
+		fflush(stderr);                                            \
+		fflush(stdout);                                            \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: failed assertion %s\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #c);                                     \
+		abort();                                                   \
+	}
+
+#define RUN_TEST(f)                          \
+	fprintf(stderr, "running %s\n", #f); \
+	fflush(stderr);                      \
+	f();
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i);
+
+/* Like strbuf_add, but suitable for passing to reftable_new_writer
+ */
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b58e423e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "reftable/reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test-tool.h"
+
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index 3ce5585e53a..f7c888ffda7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -53,13 +53,14 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "pcre2-config", cmd__pcre2_config },
 	{ "pkt-line", cmd__pkt_line },
 	{ "prio-queue", cmd__prio_queue },
-	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive},
+	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive },
 	{ "progress", cmd__progress },
 	{ "reach", cmd__reach },
 	{ "read-cache", cmd__read_cache },
 	{ "read-graph", cmd__read_graph },
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
+	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 9f0f5228508..25f77469146 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ int cmd__read_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_graph(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_midx(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__ref_store(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__regex(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__repository(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__revision_walking(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..0ed14971a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020 Google LLC
+#
+
+test_description='reftable unittests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'unittests' '
+	TMPDIR=$(pwd) && export TMPDIR &&
+	test-tool reftable
+'
+
+test_done
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (3 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (16 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is usually used with files for storage. However, we abstract
away this using the blocksource data structure. This has two advantages:

* log blocks are zlib compressed, and handling them is simplified if we can
  discard byte segments from within the block layer.

* for unittests, it is useful to read and write in-memory. The blocksource
  allows us to abstract the data away from on-disk files.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                        |   1 +
 reftable/blocksource.c          | 148 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/blocksource.h          |  22 +++++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h |  49 +++++++++++
 4 files changed, 220 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 0bf5e49aa61..c7ffc27a727 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2451,6 +2451,7 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.c b/reftable/blocksource.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0044eecd9aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.c
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+static void strbuf_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void strbuf_close(void *b)
+{
+}
+
+static int strbuf_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			     uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct strbuf *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->len);
+	dest->data = reftable_calloc(size);
+	memcpy(dest->data, b->buf + off, size);
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static uint64_t strbuf_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct strbuf *)b)->len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable strbuf_vtable = {
+	.size = &strbuf_size,
+	.read_block = &strbuf_read_block,
+	.return_block = &strbuf_return_block,
+	.close = &strbuf_close,
+};
+
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &strbuf_vtable;
+	bs->arg = buf;
+}
+
+static void malloc_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable malloc_vtable = {
+	.return_block = &malloc_return_block,
+};
+
+static struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source_instance = {
+	.ops = &malloc_vtable,
+};
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void)
+{
+	return malloc_block_source_instance;
+}
+
+struct file_block_source {
+	int fd;
+	uint64_t size;
+};
+
+static uint64_t file_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct file_block_source *)b)->size;
+}
+
+static void file_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void file_close(void *b)
+{
+	int fd = ((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd;
+	if (fd > 0) {
+		close(fd);
+		((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd = 0;
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(b);
+}
+
+static int file_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			   uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct file_block_source *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->size);
+	dest->data = reftable_malloc(size);
+	if (pread(b->fd, dest->data, size, off) != size)
+		return -1;
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable file_vtable = {
+	.size = &file_size,
+	.read_block = &file_read_block,
+	.return_block = &file_return_block,
+	.close = &file_close,
+};
+
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+				    const char *name)
+{
+	struct stat st = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	struct file_block_source *p = NULL;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			return REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR;
+		}
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	err = fstat(fd, &st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	p = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct file_block_source));
+	p->size = st.st_size;
+	p->fd = fd;
+
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &file_vtable;
+	bs->arg = p;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.h b/reftable/blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..072e2727ad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct reftable_block_source;
+
+/* Create an in-memory block source for reading reftables */
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf);
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5aa3990a573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/* block_source is a generic wrapper for a seekable readable file.
+ */
+struct reftable_block_source {
+	struct reftable_block_source_vtable *ops;
+	void *arg;
+};
+
+/* a contiguous segment of bytes. It keeps track of its generating block_source
+ * so it can return itself into the pool. */
+struct reftable_block {
+	uint8_t *data;
+	int len;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+};
+
+/* block_source_vtable are the operations that make up block_source */
+struct reftable_block_source_vtable {
+	/* returns the size of a block source */
+	uint64_t (*size)(void *source);
+
+	/* reads a segment from the block source. It is an error to read
+	   beyond the end of the block */
+	int (*read_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *dest,
+			  uint64_t off, uint32_t size);
+	/* mark the block as read; may return the data back to malloc */
+	void (*return_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *blockp);
+
+	/* release all resources associated with the block source */
+	void (*close)(void *source);
+};
+
+/* opens a file on the file system as a block_source */
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *block_src,
+				    const char *name);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (4 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (15 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of blocks, and each block
contains a sequence of prefix-compressed key-value records. There are 4 types of
records, and they have similarities in how they must be handled. This is
achieved by introducing a polymorphic 'record' type that encapsulates ref, log,
index and object records.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |    2 +
 reftable/constants.h       |   21 +
 reftable/record.c          | 1212 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h          |  139 +++++
 reftable/record_test.c     |  412 ++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-record.h |  114 ++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |    2 +-
 7 files changed, 1901 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index c7ffc27a727..14d025ea424 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2453,7 +2453,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/constants.h b/reftable/constants.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5eee72c4c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/constants.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef CONSTANTS_H
+#define CONSTANTS_H
+
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_LOG 'g'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX 'i'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_REF 'r'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ 'o'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_ANY 0
+
+#define MAX_RESTARTS ((1 << 16) - 1)
+#define DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE 4096
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record.c b/reftable/record.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a5dac32dc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1212 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+/* record.c - methods for different types of records. */
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in)
+{
+	int ptr = 0;
+	uint64_t val;
+
+	if (in->len == 0)
+		return -1;
+	val = in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f;
+
+	while (in->buf[ptr] & 0x80) {
+		ptr++;
+		if (ptr > in->len) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		val = (val + 1) << 7 | (uint64_t)(in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f);
+	}
+
+	*dest = val;
+	return ptr + 1;
+}
+
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val)
+{
+	uint8_t buf[10] = { 0 };
+	int i = 9;
+	int n = 0;
+	buf[i] = (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+	i--;
+	while (1) {
+		val >>= 7;
+		if (!val) {
+			break;
+		}
+		val--;
+		buf[i] = 0x80 | (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+		i--;
+	}
+
+	n = sizeof(buf) - i - 1;
+	if (dest->len < n)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest->buf, &buf[i + 1], n);
+	return n;
+}
+
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX:
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return rec->value.val1;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.target_value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int decode_string(struct strbuf *dest, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t tsize = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&tsize, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	if (in.len < tsize)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, in.buf, tsize);
+	string_view_consume(&in, tsize);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int encode_string(char *str, struct string_view s)
+{
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int l = strlen(str);
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, l);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	if (s.len < l)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(s.buf, str, l);
+	string_view_consume(&s, l);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_encode_key(int *restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra)
+{
+	struct string_view start = dest;
+	int prefix_len = common_prefix_size(&prev_key, &key);
+	uint64_t suffix_len = key.len - prefix_len;
+	int n = put_var_int(&dest, (uint64_t)prefix_len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	*restart = (prefix_len == 0);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&dest, suffix_len << 3 | (uint64_t)extra);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	if (dest.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest.buf, key.buf + prefix_len, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&dest, suffix_len);
+
+	return start.len - dest.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t prefix_len = 0;
+	uint64_t suffix_len = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&prefix_len, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	if (prefix_len > last_key.len)
+		return -1;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&suffix_len, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	*extra = (uint8_t)(suffix_len & 0x7);
+	suffix_len >>= 3;
+
+	if (in.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(key);
+	strbuf_add(key, last_key.buf, prefix_len);
+	strbuf_add(key, in.buf, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&in, suffix_len);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, rec->refname);
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec;
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *src = src_rec;
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	/* This is simple and correct, but we could probably reuse the hash
+	 * fields. */
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	if (src->refname) {
+		ref->refname = xstrdup(src->refname);
+	}
+	ref->update_index = src->update_index;
+	ref->value_type = src->value_type;
+	switch (src->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		ref->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val1, src->value.val1, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		ref->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.value, src->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		ref->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.target_value,
+		       src->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		ref->value.symref = xstrdup(src->value.symref);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static char hexdigit(int c)
+{
+	if (c <= 9)
+		return '0' + c;
+	return 'a' + (c - 10);
+}
+
+static void hex_format(char *dest, uint8_t *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (src) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < hash_size; i++) {
+			dest[2 * i] = hexdigit(src[i] >> 4);
+			dest[2 * i + 1] = hexdigit(src[i] & 0xf);
+		}
+		dest[2 * hash_size] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 }; /* BUG */
+	printf("ref{%s(%" PRIu64 ") ", ref->refname, ref->update_index);
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		printf("=> %s", ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.value, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 2 %s", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			   hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("(T %s)", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val1, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 1 %s", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		printf("delete");
+		break;
+	}
+	printf("}\n");
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	reftable_ref_record_release(rec);
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.target_value);
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.value);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val1);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(ref->refname);
+	memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_ref_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	return r->value_type;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, r->update_index);
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		n = encode_string(r->value.symref, s);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (s.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (s.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val1, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	uint64_t update_index = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&update_index, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(r);
+
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->update_index = update_index;
+	r->refname[key.len] = 0;
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	switch (val_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (in.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val1, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (in.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+
+		r->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.target_value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF: {
+		struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+		r->value.symref = dest.buf;
+	} break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_ref_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_ref_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_REF,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_ref_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_ref_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_ref_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_ref_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_ref_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, rec->hash_prefix, rec->hash_prefix_len);
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->hash_prefix);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->offsets);
+	memset(obj, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_obj_record_release(obj);
+	*obj = *src;
+	obj->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(obj->hash_prefix_len);
+	memcpy(obj->hash_prefix, src->hash_prefix, obj->hash_prefix_len);
+
+	obj->offsets = reftable_malloc(obj->offset_len * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	COPY_ARRAY(obj->offsets, src->offsets, obj->offset_len);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_obj_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	if (r->offset_len > 0 && r->offset_len < 8)
+		return r->offset_len;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int i = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last = 0;
+	if (r->offset_len == 0 || r->offset_len >= 8) {
+		n = put_var_int(&s, r->offset_len);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	}
+	if (r->offset_len == 0)
+		return start.len - s.len;
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[0]);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	for (i = 1; i < r->offset_len; i++) {
+		int n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[i] - last);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		last = r->offsets[i];
+	}
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t count = val_type;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last;
+	int j;
+	r->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(key.len);
+	memcpy(r->hash_prefix, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->hash_prefix_len = key.len;
+
+	if (val_type == 0) {
+		n = get_var_int(&count, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	}
+
+	r->offsets = NULL;
+	r->offset_len = 0;
+	if (count == 0)
+		return start.len - in.len;
+
+	r->offsets = reftable_malloc(count * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	r->offset_len = count;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offsets[0], &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	j = 1;
+	while (j < count) {
+		uint64_t delta = 0;
+		int n = get_var_int(&delta, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+		last = r->offsets[j] = (delta + last);
+		j++;
+	}
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int not_a_deletion(const void *p)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_obj_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_obj_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_obj_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_obj_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_obj_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_obj_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_obj_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 };
+
+	switch (log->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") delete", log->refname,
+		       log->update_index);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") %s <%s> %" PRIu64 " %04d\n",
+		       log->refname, log->update_index, log->value.update.name,
+		       log->value.update.email, log->value.update.time,
+		       log->value.update.tz_offset);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.old_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s => ", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.new_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s\n\n%s\n}\n", hex, log->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)r;
+	int len = strlen(rec->refname);
+	uint8_t i64[8];
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, (uint8_t *)rec->refname, len + 1);
+
+	ts = (~ts) - rec->update_index;
+	put_be64(&i64[0], ts);
+	strbuf_add(dest, i64, sizeof(i64));
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_log_record_release(dst);
+	*dst = *src;
+	if (dst->refname) {
+		dst->refname = xstrdup(dst->refname);
+	}
+	switch (dst->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		if (dst->value.update.email) {
+			dst->value.update.email =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.email);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.name) {
+			dst->value.update.name =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.name);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.message) {
+			dst->value.update.message =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.message);
+		}
+
+		if (dst->value.update.new_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.new_hash,
+			       src->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.old_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.old_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.old_hash,
+			       src->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	reftable_log_record_release(r);
+}
+
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *r)
+{
+	reftable_free(r->refname);
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.new_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.old_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.name);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.email);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_log_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *log =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)rec;
+
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static uint8_t zero[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+
+static int reftable_log_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint8_t *oldh = NULL;
+	uint8_t *newh = NULL;
+	if (reftable_log_record_is_deletion(r))
+		return 0;
+
+	oldh = r->value.update.old_hash;
+	newh = r->value.update.new_hash;
+	if (!oldh) {
+		oldh = zero;
+	}
+	if (!newh) {
+		newh = zero;
+	}
+
+	if (s.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(s.buf, oldh, hash_size);
+	memcpy(s.buf + hash_size, newh, hash_size);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.name ? r->value.update.name : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.email ? r->value.update.email : "",
+			  s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->value.update.time);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	if (s.len < 2)
+		return -1;
+
+	put_be16(s.buf, r->value.update.tz_offset);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2);
+
+	n = encode_string(
+		r->value.update.message ? r->value.update.message : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t max = 0;
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n;
+
+	if (key.len <= 9 || key.buf[key.len - 9] != 0)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len - 8);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len - 8);
+	ts = get_be64(key.buf + key.len - 8);
+
+	r->update_index = (~max) - ts;
+
+	if (val_type != r->value_type) {
+		switch (r->value_type) {
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.old_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.new_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.message);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.email);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.name);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	if (val_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (in.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->value.update.old_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+	r->value.update.new_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+
+	memcpy(r->value.update.old_hash, in.buf, hash_size);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.new_hash, in.buf + hash_size, hash_size);
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.name =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.name, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.name, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.name[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.email =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.email, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.email, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.email[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	ts = 0;
+	n = get_var_int(&ts, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	r->value.update.time = ts;
+	if (in.len < 2)
+		goto done;
+
+	r->value.update.tz_offset = get_be16(in.buf);
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.message =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.message, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.message, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.message[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+}
+
+static int null_streq(char *a, char *b)
+{
+	char *empty = "";
+	if (!a)
+		a = empty;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = empty;
+
+	return 0 == strcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+static int zero_hash_eq(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int sz)
+{
+	if (!a)
+		a = zero;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = zero;
+
+	return !memcmp(a, b, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (!(null_streq(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		return null_streq(a->value.update.name, b->value.update.name) &&
+		       a->value.update.time == b->value.update.time &&
+		       a->value.update.tz_offset == b->value.update.tz_offset &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.email,
+				  b->value.update.email) &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.message,
+				  b->value.update.message) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.old_hash,
+				    b->value.update.old_hash, hash_size) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.new_hash,
+				    b->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+	}
+
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_log_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_log_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_LOG,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_log_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_log_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_log_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_log_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_log_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF: {
+		struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ: {
+		struct reftable_obj_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG: {
+		struct reftable_log_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX: {
+		struct reftable_index_record empty = { .last_key =
+							       STRBUF_INIT };
+		struct reftable_index_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_index_record));
+		*r = empty;
+		reftable_record_from_index(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	}
+	abort();
+	return rec;
+}
+
+/* clear out the record, yielding the reftable_record data that was
+ * encapsulated. */
+static void *reftable_record_yield(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	void *p = rec->data;
+	rec->data = NULL;
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	reftable_record_release(rec);
+	reftable_free(reftable_record_yield(rec));
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *rec = r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addbuf(dest, &rec->last_key);
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					    int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_index_record *src = src_rec;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dst->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dst->last_key, &src->last_key);
+	dst->offset = src->offset;
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *idx = rec;
+	strbuf_release(&idx->last_key);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_index_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view out,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_index_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int n = put_var_int(&out, r->offset);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	return start.len - out.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+					uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_index_record *r = rec;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&r->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&r->last_key, &key);
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offset, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_index_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_index_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_index_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_index_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_index_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_index_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_index_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = &not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	rec->ops->key(rec->data, dest);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->type;
+}
+
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->encode(rec->data, dest, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(src->ops->type == rec->ops->type);
+
+	rec->ops->copy_from(rec->data, src->data, hash_size);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->val_type(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src, int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->decode(rec->data, key, extra, src, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	rec->ops->release(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->is_deletion(rec->data);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *ref_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = ref_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_ref_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *obj_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = obj_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_obj_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *index_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = index_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_index_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *log_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = log_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_log_record_vtable;
+}
+
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+static int hash_equal(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (a && b)
+		return !memcmp(a, b, hash_size);
+
+	return a == b;
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (!(0 == strcmp(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		return !strcmp(a->value.symref, b->value.symref);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val2.value, b->value.val2.value,
+				  hash_size) &&
+		       hash_equal(a->value.val2.target_value,
+				  b->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val1, b->value.val1, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strcmp(((struct reftable_ref_record *)a)->refname,
+		      ((struct reftable_ref_record *)b)->refname);
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	return ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *la = a;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *lb = b;
+
+	int cmp = strcmp(la->refname, lb->refname);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	if (la->update_index > lb->update_index)
+		return -1;
+	return (la->update_index < lb->update_index) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	return (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION);
+}
+
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n)
+{
+	s->buf += n;
+	s->len -= n;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/record.h b/reftable/record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..498e8c50bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef RECORD_H
+#define RECORD_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+/*
+ * A substring of existing string data. This structure takes no responsibility
+ * for the lifetime of the data it points to.
+ */
+struct string_view {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	size_t len;
+};
+
+/* Advance `s.buf` by `n`, and decrease length. */
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n);
+
+/* utilities for de/encoding varints */
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in);
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val);
+
+/* Methods for records. */
+struct reftable_record_vtable {
+	/* encode the key of to a uint8_t strbuf. */
+	void (*key)(const void *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+
+	/* The record type of ('r' for ref). */
+	uint8_t type;
+
+	void (*copy_from)(void *dest, const void *src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* a value of [0..7], indicating record subvariants (eg. ref vs. symref
+	 * vs ref deletion) */
+	uint8_t (*val_type)(const void *rec);
+
+	/* encodes rec into dest, returning how much space was used. */
+	int (*encode)(const void *rec, struct string_view dest, int hash_size);
+
+	/* decode data from `src` into the record. */
+	int (*decode)(void *rec, struct strbuf key, uint8_t extra,
+		      struct string_view src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* deallocate and null the record. */
+	void (*release)(void *rec);
+
+	/* is this a tombstone? */
+	int (*is_deletion)(const void *rec);
+};
+
+/* record is a generic wrapper for different types of records. */
+struct reftable_record {
+	void *data;
+	struct reftable_record_vtable *ops;
+};
+
+/* returns true for recognized block types. Block start with the block type. */
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* creates a malloced record of the given type. Dispose with record_destroy */
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* Encode `key` into `dest`. Sets `is_restart` to indicate a restart. Returns
+ * number of bytes written. */
+int reftable_encode_key(int *is_restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra);
+
+/* Decode into `key` and `extra` from `in` */
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in);
+
+/* reftable_index_record are used internally to speed up lookups. */
+struct reftable_index_record {
+	uint64_t offset; /* Offset of block */
+	struct strbuf last_key; /* Last key of the block. */
+};
+
+/* reftable_obj_record stores an object ID => ref mapping. */
+struct reftable_obj_record {
+	uint8_t *hash_prefix; /* leading bytes of the object ID */
+	int hash_prefix_len; /* number of leading bytes. Constant
+			      * across a single table. */
+	uint64_t *offsets; /* a vector of file offsets. */
+	int offset_len;
+};
+
+/* see struct record_vtable */
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size);
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* zeroes out the embedded record */
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* clear and deallocate embedded record, and zero `rec`. */
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* initialize generic records from concrete records. The generic record should
+ * be zeroed out. */
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *objrec);
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *idxrec);
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *refrec);
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *logrec);
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *ref);
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *ref);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record_test.c b/reftable/record_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4ad7cace41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_copy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_record copy =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(rec));
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	/* do it twice to catch memory leaks */
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	switch (reftable_record_type(&copy)) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(reftable_record_as_ref(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_ref(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(reftable_record_as_log(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_log(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	}
+	reftable_record_destroy(&copy);
+}
+
+static void test_varint_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint64_t inputs[] = { 0,
+			      1,
+			      27,
+			      127,
+			      128,
+			      257,
+			      4096,
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63),
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63) + ((uint64_t)1 << 63) - 1 };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(inputs); i++) {
+		uint8_t dest[10];
+
+		struct string_view out = {
+			.buf = dest,
+			.len = sizeof(dest),
+		};
+		uint64_t in = inputs[i];
+		int n = put_var_int(&out, in);
+		uint64_t got = 0;
+
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		out.len = n;
+		n = get_var_int(&got, &out);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		EXPECT(got == in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct {
+		const char *a, *b;
+		int want;
+	} cases[] = {
+		{ "abc", "ab", 2 },
+		{ "", "abc", 0 },
+		{ "abc", "abd", 2 },
+		{ "abc", "pqr", 0 },
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct strbuf a = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf b = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&a, cases[i].a);
+		strbuf_addstr(&b, cases[i].b);
+		EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&a, &b) == cases[i].want);
+
+		strbuf_release(&a);
+		strbuf_release(&b);
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_hash(uint8_t *h, int j)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID); i++) {
+		h[i] = (j >> i) & 0xff;
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+
+	for (i = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION; i < REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record in = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_ref_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+
+		int n, m;
+
+		in.value_type = i;
+		switch (i) {
+		case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+			in.value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val1, 1);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+			in.value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.value, 1);
+			in.value.val2.target_value =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.target_value, 2);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+			in.value.symref = xstrdup("target");
+			break;
+		}
+		in.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master");
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_record_val_type(&rec) == i);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		/* decode into a non-zero reftable_record to test for leaks. */
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, i, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&in, &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_equal(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+		}
+	};
+
+	EXPECT(!reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	in[1].update_index = in[0].update_index;
+	EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[0]);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[1]);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.old_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("han-wen"),
+					.email = xstrdup("hanwen@google.com"),
+					.message = xstrdup("test"),
+					.time = 1577123507,
+					.tz_offset = 100,
+				},
+			}
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
+		}
+	};
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.new_hash, 1);
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.old_hash, 2);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(in); i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		/* populate out, to check for leaks. */
+		struct reftable_log_record out = {
+			.refname = xstrdup("old name"),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.new_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.old_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("old name"),
+					.email = xstrdup("old@email"),
+					.message = xstrdup("old message"),
+				},
+			},
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m, valtype;
+
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &in[i]);
+
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n >= 0);
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec_out, &out);
+		valtype = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, valtype, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[i], &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&in[i]);
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_u24_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint32_t in = 0x112233;
+	uint8_t dest[3];
+	uint32_t out;
+	put_be24(dest, in);
+	out = get_be24(dest);
+	EXPECT(in == out);
+}
+
+static void test_key_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf roundtrip = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int restart;
+	uint8_t extra;
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t rt_extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	strbuf_addstr(&key, "refs/tags/bla");
+	extra = 6;
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&restart, dest, last_key, key, extra);
+	EXPECT(!restart);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	m = reftable_decode_key(&roundtrip, &rt_extra, last_key, dest);
+	EXPECT(n == m);
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &roundtrip));
+	EXPECT(rt_extra == extra);
+
+	strbuf_release(&last_key);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&roundtrip);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t testHash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 0 };
+	uint64_t till9[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 500, 600, 700, 800, 9000 };
+	struct reftable_obj_record recs[3] = { {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 3,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 9,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+					       } };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(recs); i++) {
+		struct reftable_obj_record in = recs[i];
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_obj_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m;
+		uint8_t extra;
+
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, extra, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(in.hash_prefix_len == out.hash_prefix_len);
+		EXPECT(in.offset_len == out.offset_len);
+
+		EXPECT(!memcmp(in.hash_prefix, out.hash_prefix,
+			       in.hash_prefix_len));
+		EXPECT(0 == memcmp(in.offsets, out.offsets,
+				   sizeof(uint64_t) * in.offset_len));
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record in = {
+		.offset = 42,
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record out = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record out_rec = { NULL };
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&in.last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	reftable_record_from_index(&rec, &in);
+	reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+	test_copy(&rec);
+
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &in.last_key));
+	n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&out_rec, &out);
+	m = reftable_record_decode(&out_rec, key, extra, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(m == n);
+
+	EXPECT(in.offset == out.offset);
+
+	reftable_record_release(&out_rec);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&in.last_key);
+}
+
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_varint_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_key_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_u24_roundtrip);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-record.h b/reftable/reftable-record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5370d2288c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+#define REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/*
+ * Basic data types
+ *
+ * Reftables store the state of each ref in struct reftable_ref_record, and they
+ * store a sequence of reflog updates in struct reftable_log_record.
+ */
+
+/* reftable_ref_record holds a ref database entry target_value */
+struct reftable_ref_record {
+	char *refname; /* Name of the ref, malloced. */
+	uint64_t update_index; /* Logical timestamp at which this value is
+				* written */
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_REF_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple ref */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 = 0x1,
+		/* a tag, plus its peeled hash */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 = 0x2,
+
+		/* a symbolic reference */
+		REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF = 0x3,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES 4
+	} value_type;
+	union {
+		uint8_t *val1; /* malloced hash. */
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *value; /* first value, malloced hash  */
+			uint8_t *target_value; /* second value, malloced hash */
+		} val2;
+		char *symref; /* referent, malloced 0-terminated string */
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* Returns the first hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 or REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* Returns the second hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents a deletion */
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* prints a reftable_ref_record onto stdout. Useful for debugging. */
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values inside `ref`. */
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* returns whether two reftable_ref_records are the same. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* reftable_log_record holds a reflog entry */
+struct reftable_log_record {
+	char *refname;
+	uint64_t update_index; /* logical timestamp of a transactional update.
+				*/
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple update */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE = 0x1,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_LOG_VALUETYPES 2
+	} value_type;
+
+	union {
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *new_hash;
+			uint8_t *old_hash;
+			char *name;
+			char *email;
+			uint64_t time;
+			int16_t tz_offset;
+			char *message;
+		} update;
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents the deletion of a log record. */
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values. */
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* returns whether two records are equal. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* dumps a reftable_log_record on stdout, for debugging/testing. */
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 3b58e423e7b..09d4b83ef9b 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
-
+	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (5 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-15  7:34     ` Carlo Arenas
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (14 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will be needed for reading reflog blocks in reftable.

Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |  7 +++
 ci/lib.sh                 |  1 +
 compat/.gitattributes     |  1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c | 95 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 config.mak.uname          |  5 +++
 configure.ac              | 13 ++++++
 6 files changed, 122 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 14d025ea424..1c2d0e6be7c 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -256,6 +256,8 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_DEFLATE_BOUND if your zlib does not have deflateBound.
 #
+# Define NO_UNCOMPRESS2 if your zlib does not have uncompress2.
+#
 # Define NO_NORETURN if using buggy versions of gcc 4.6+ and profile feedback,
 # as the compiler can crash (http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49299)
 #
@@ -1738,6 +1740,11 @@ ifdef NO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 endif
 
+ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	REFTABLE_OBJS += compat/zlib-uncompress2.o
+endif
+
 ifdef NO_POSIX_GOODIES
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_POSIX_GOODIES
 endif
diff --git a/ci/lib.sh b/ci/lib.sh
index 476c3f369f5..5711c63979d 100755
--- a/ci/lib.sh
+++ b/ci/lib.sh
@@ -224,6 +224,7 @@ linux-gcc-default)
 	;;
 Linux32)
 	CC=gcc
+	MAKEFLAGS="$MAKEFLAGS NO_UNCOMPRESS2=1"
 	;;
 linux-musl)
 	CC=gcc
diff --git a/compat/.gitattributes b/compat/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..40dbfb170da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/zlib-uncompress2.c	whitespace=-indent-with-non-tab,-trailing-space
diff --git a/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3dcb90b2839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* taken from zlib's uncompr.c
+
+   commit cacf7f1d4e3d44d871b605da3b647f07d718623f
+   Author: Mark Adler <madler@alumni.caltech.edu>
+   Date:   Sun Jan 15 09:18:46 2017 -0800
+
+       zlib 1.2.11
+
+*/
+
+#include "../reftable/system.h"
+#define z_const
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 1995-2003, 2010, 2014, 2016 Jean-loup Gailly, Mark Adler
+ * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
+ */
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+/* clang-format off */
+
+/* ===========================================================================
+     Decompresses the source buffer into the destination buffer.  *sourceLen is
+   the byte length of the source buffer. Upon entry, *destLen is the total size
+   of the destination buffer, which must be large enough to hold the entire
+   uncompressed data. (The size of the uncompressed data must have been saved
+   previously by the compressor and transmitted to the decompressor by some
+   mechanism outside the scope of this compression library.) Upon exit,
+   *destLen is the size of the decompressed data and *sourceLen is the number
+   of source bytes consumed. Upon return, source + *sourceLen points to the
+   first unused input byte.
+
+     uncompress returns Z_OK if success, Z_MEM_ERROR if there was not enough
+   memory, Z_BUF_ERROR if there was not enough room in the output buffer, or
+   Z_DATA_ERROR if the input data was corrupted, including if the input data is
+   an incomplete zlib stream.
+*/
+int ZEXPORT uncompress2 (
+    Bytef *dest,
+    uLongf *destLen,
+    const Bytef *source,
+    uLong *sourceLen) {
+    z_stream stream;
+    int err;
+    const uInt max = (uInt)-1;
+    uLong len, left;
+    Byte buf[1];    /* for detection of incomplete stream when *destLen == 0 */
+
+    len = *sourceLen;
+    if (*destLen) {
+        left = *destLen;
+        *destLen = 0;
+    }
+    else {
+        left = 1;
+        dest = buf;
+    }
+
+    stream.next_in = (z_const Bytef *)source;
+    stream.avail_in = 0;
+    stream.zalloc = (alloc_func)0;
+    stream.zfree = (free_func)0;
+    stream.opaque = (voidpf)0;
+
+    err = inflateInit(&stream);
+    if (err != Z_OK) return err;
+
+    stream.next_out = dest;
+    stream.avail_out = 0;
+
+    do {
+        if (stream.avail_out == 0) {
+            stream.avail_out = left > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)left;
+            left -= stream.avail_out;
+        }
+        if (stream.avail_in == 0) {
+            stream.avail_in = len > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)len;
+            len -= stream.avail_in;
+        }
+        err = inflate(&stream, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+    } while (err == Z_OK);
+
+    *sourceLen -= len + stream.avail_in;
+    if (dest != buf)
+        *destLen = stream.total_out;
+    else if (stream.total_out && err == Z_BUF_ERROR)
+        left = 1;
+
+    inflateEnd(&stream);
+    return err == Z_STREAM_END ? Z_OK :
+           err == Z_NEED_DICT ? Z_DATA_ERROR  :
+           err == Z_BUF_ERROR && left + stream.avail_out ? Z_DATA_ERROR :
+           err;
+}
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index 76516aaa9a5..9beacda4434 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -258,6 +258,11 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	FILENO_IS_A_MACRO = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
+	# Versions < 7.0 need compatibility layer
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : "[1-6]\."),2)
+		NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = UnfortunatelyYes
+	endif
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 031e8d3fee8..c3a913103d0 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -672,9 +672,22 @@ AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_SRC],
 	NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=yes])
 LIBS="$old_LIBS"
 
+AC_DEFUN([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC], [
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <zlib.h>],
+ [uncompress2(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);])])
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for uncompress2 in -lz])
+old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+LIBS="$LIBS -lz"
+AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2=yes])
+LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
 
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_DEFLATE_BOUND])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_UNCOMPRESS2])
 
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (6 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-24 11:52     ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (13 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of block. Within a block,
records are prefix compressed, with an index of offsets for fully expand keys to
enable binary search within blocks.

This commit provides the logic to read and write these blocks.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   2 +
 reftable/block.c         | 439 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/block.h         | 127 +++++++++++
 reftable/block_test.c    | 120 +++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 689 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 1c2d0e6be7c..14a0a1f7643 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2458,10 +2458,12 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/block.c b/reftable/block.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..11387b260aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.c
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+int header_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 24;
+	case 2:
+		return 28;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+int footer_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 68;
+	case 2:
+		return 72;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int block_writer_register_restart(struct block_writer *w, int n,
+					 int is_restart, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	int rlen = w->restart_len;
+	if (rlen >= MAX_RESTARTS) {
+		is_restart = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (is_restart) {
+		rlen++;
+	}
+	if (2 + 3 * rlen + n > w->block_size - w->next)
+		return -1;
+	if (is_restart) {
+		if (w->restart_len == w->restart_cap) {
+			w->restart_cap = w->restart_cap * 2 + 1;
+			w->restarts = reftable_realloc(
+				w->restarts, sizeof(uint32_t) * w->restart_cap);
+		}
+
+		w->restarts[w->restart_len++] = w->next;
+	}
+
+	w->next += n;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, key);
+	w->entries++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size)
+{
+	bw->buf = buf;
+	bw->hash_size = hash_size;
+	bw->block_size = block_size;
+	bw->header_off = header_off;
+	bw->buf[header_off] = typ;
+	bw->next = header_off + 4;
+	bw->restart_interval = 16;
+	bw->entries = 0;
+	bw->restart_len = 0;
+	bw->last_key.len = 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	return bw->buf[bw->header_off];
+}
+
+/* adds the reftable_record to the block. Returns -1 if it does not fit, 0 on
+   success */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last =
+		w->entries % w->restart_interval == 0 ? empty : w->last_key;
+	struct string_view out = {
+		.buf = w->buf + w->next,
+		.len = w->block_size - w->next,
+	};
+
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int is_restart = 0;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&is_restart, out, last, key,
+				reftable_record_val_type(rec));
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	n = reftable_record_encode(rec, out, w->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	if (block_writer_register_restart(w, start.len - out.len, is_restart,
+					  &key) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->restart_len; i++) {
+		put_be24(w->buf + w->next, w->restarts[i]);
+		w->next += 3;
+	}
+
+	put_be16(w->buf + w->next, w->restart_len);
+	w->next += 2;
+	put_be24(w->buf + 1 + w->header_off, w->next);
+
+	if (block_writer_type(w) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + w->header_off;
+		uint8_t *compressed = NULL;
+		int zresult = 0;
+		uLongf src_len = w->next - block_header_skip;
+		size_t dest_cap = src_len;
+
+		compressed = reftable_malloc(dest_cap);
+		while (1) {
+			uLongf out_dest_len = dest_cap;
+
+			zresult = compress2(compressed, &out_dest_len,
+					    w->buf + block_header_skip, src_len,
+					    9);
+			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR) {
+				dest_cap *= 2;
+				compressed =
+					reftable_realloc(compressed, dest_cap);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if (Z_OK != zresult) {
+				reftable_free(compressed);
+				return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+			}
+
+			memcpy(w->buf + block_header_skip, compressed,
+			       out_dest_len);
+			w->next = out_dest_len + block_header_skip;
+			reftable_free(compressed);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return w->next;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->block.data[r->header_off];
+}
+
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *block,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size)
+{
+	uint32_t full_block_size = table_block_size;
+	uint8_t typ = block->data[header_off];
+	uint32_t sz = get_be24(block->data + header_off + 1);
+
+	uint16_t restart_count = 0;
+	uint32_t restart_start = 0;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes = NULL;
+
+	if (!reftable_is_block_type(typ))
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + header_off;
+		uLongf dst_len = sz - block_header_skip; /* total size of dest
+							    buffer. */
+		uLongf src_len = block->len - block_header_skip;
+		/* Log blocks specify the *uncompressed* size in their header.
+		 */
+		uint8_t *uncompressed = reftable_malloc(sz);
+
+		/* Copy over the block header verbatim. It's not compressed. */
+		memcpy(uncompressed, block->data, block_header_skip);
+
+		/* Uncompress */
+		if (Z_OK !=
+		    uncompress2(uncompressed + block_header_skip, &dst_len,
+				block->data + block_header_skip, &src_len)) {
+			reftable_free(uncompressed);
+			return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+		}
+
+		if (dst_len + block_header_skip != sz)
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+		/* We're done with the input data. */
+		reftable_block_done(block);
+		block->data = uncompressed;
+		block->len = sz;
+		block->source = malloc_block_source();
+		full_block_size = src_len + block_header_skip;
+	} else if (full_block_size == 0) {
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	} else if (sz < full_block_size && sz < block->len &&
+		   block->data[sz] != 0) {
+		/* If the block is smaller than the full block size, it is
+		   padded (data followed by '\0') or the next block is
+		   unaligned. */
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	}
+
+	restart_count = get_be16(block->data + sz - 2);
+	restart_start = sz - 2 - 3 * restart_count;
+	restart_bytes = block->data + restart_start;
+
+	/* transfer ownership. */
+	br->block = *block;
+	block->data = NULL;
+	block->len = 0;
+
+	br->hash_size = hash_size;
+	br->block_len = restart_start;
+	br->full_block_size = full_block_size;
+	br->header_off = header_off;
+	br->restart_count = restart_count;
+	br->restart_bytes = restart_bytes;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static uint32_t block_reader_restart_offset(struct block_reader *br, int i)
+{
+	return get_be24(br->restart_bytes + 3 * i);
+}
+
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	it->br = br;
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+}
+
+struct restart_find_args {
+	int error;
+	struct strbuf key;
+	struct block_reader *r;
+};
+
+static int restart_key_less(size_t idx, void *args)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args *a = args;
+	uint32_t off = block_reader_restart_offset(a->r, idx);
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = a->r->block.data + off,
+		.len = a->r->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	/* the restart key is verbatim in the block, so this could avoid the
+	   alloc for decoding the key */
+	struct strbuf rkey = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t unused_extra;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(&rkey, &unused_extra, last_key, in);
+	int result;
+	if (n < 0) {
+		a->error = 1;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	result = strbuf_cmp(&a->key, &rkey);
+	strbuf_release(&rkey);
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->br = src->br;
+	dest->next_off = src->next_off;
+	strbuf_reset(&dest->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dest->last_key, &src->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = it->br->block.data + it->next_off,
+		.len = it->br->block_len - it->next_off,
+	};
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (it->next_off >= it->br->block_len)
+		return 1;
+
+	n = reftable_decode_key(&key, &extra, it->last_key, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	n = reftable_record_decode(rec, key, extra, in, it->br->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&it->last_key, &key);
+	it->next_off += start.len - in.len;
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int off = br->header_off + 4;
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = br->block.data + off,
+		.len = br->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(key, &extra, empty, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	return block_reader_seek(it->br, it, want);
+}
+
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&it->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args args = {
+		.key = *want,
+		.r = br,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(block_reader_type(br));
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct block_iter next = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+
+	int i = binsearch(br->restart_count, &restart_key_less, &args);
+	if (args.error) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	it->br = br;
+	if (i > 0) {
+		i--;
+		it->next_off = block_reader_restart_offset(br, i);
+	} else {
+		it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+	}
+
+	/* We're looking for the last entry less/equal than the wanted key, so
+	   we have to go one entry too far and then back up.
+	*/
+	while (1) {
+		block_iter_copy_from(&next, it);
+		err = block_iter_next(&next, &rec);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		if (err > 0 || strbuf_cmp(&key, want) >= 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		block_iter_copy_from(it, &next);
+	}
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&next.last_key);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(bw->restarts);
+	strbuf_release(&bw->last_key);
+	/* the block is not owned. */
+}
+
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *blockp)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source source = blockp->source;
+	if (blockp && source.ops)
+		source.ops->return_block(source.arg, blockp);
+	blockp->data = NULL;
+	blockp->len = 0;
+	blockp->source.ops = NULL;
+	blockp->source.arg = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/block.h b/reftable/block.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e207706a644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.h
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCK_H
+#define BLOCK_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Writes reftable blocks. The block_writer is reused across blocks to minimize
+ * allocation overhead.
+ */
+struct block_writer {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* Offset ofof the global header. Nonzero in the first block only. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* How often to restart keys. */
+	int restart_interval;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* Offset of next uint8_t to write. */
+	uint32_t next;
+	uint32_t *restarts;
+	uint32_t restart_len;
+	uint32_t restart_cap;
+
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+	int entries;
+};
+
+/*
+ * initializes the blockwriter to write `typ` entries, using `buf` as temporary
+ * storage. `buf` is not owned by the block_writer. */
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size);
+
+/* returns the block type (eg. 'r' for ref records. */
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* appends the record, or -1 if it doesn't fit. */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* appends the key restarts, and compress the block if necessary. */
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w);
+
+/* clears out internally allocated block_writer members. */
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* Read a block. */
+struct block_reader {
+	/* offset of the block header; nonzero for the first block in a
+	 * reftable. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* the memory block */
+	struct reftable_block block;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* size of the data, excluding restart data. */
+	uint32_t block_len;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes;
+	uint16_t restart_count;
+
+	/* size of the data in the file. For log blocks, this is the compressed
+	 * size. */
+	uint32_t full_block_size;
+};
+
+/* Iterate over entries in a block */
+struct block_iter {
+	/* offset within the block of the next entry to read. */
+	uint32_t next_off;
+	struct block_reader *br;
+
+	/* key for last entry we read. */
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+};
+
+/* initializes a block reader. */
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *bl,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size);
+
+/* Position `it` at start of the block */
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* Position `it` to the `want` key in the block */
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* Returns the block type (eg. 'r' for refs) */
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r);
+
+/* Decodes the first key in the block */
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key);
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src);
+
+/* return < 0 for error, 0 for OK, > 0 for EOF. */
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* Seek to `want` with in the block pointed to by `it` */
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* deallocate memory for `it`. The block reader and its block is left intact. */
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* size of file header, depending on format version */
+int header_size(int version);
+
+/* size of file footer, depending on format version */
+int footer_size(int version);
+
+/* returns a block to its source. */
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *ret);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/block_test.c b/reftable/block_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b3ea262dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_block_read_write(void)
+{
+	const int header_off = 21; /* random */
+	char *names[30];
+	const int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names);
+	const int block_size = 1024;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	struct block_writer bw = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	int j = 0;
+	struct strbuf want = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	block.data = reftable_calloc(block_size);
+	block.len = block_size;
+	block.source = malloc_block_source();
+	block_writer_init(&bw, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, block.data, block_size,
+			  header_off, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%02d", i);
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		n = block_writer_add(&bw, &rec);
+		ref.refname = NULL;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = block_writer_finish(&bw);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	block_writer_release(&bw);
+
+	block_reader_init(&br, &block, header_off, block_size, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+
+	block_reader_start(&br, &it);
+
+	while (1) {
+		int r = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[j], ref.refname);
+		j++;
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	block_iter_close(&it);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+		strbuf_reset(&want);
+		strbuf_addstr(&want, names[i]);
+
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], ref.refname);
+
+		want.len--;
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[10 * (i / 10)], ref.refname);
+
+		block_iter_close(&it);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	reftable_block_done(&br.block);
+	strbuf_release(&want);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_block_read_write);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 09d4b83ef9b..c9deeaf08c7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (7 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (12 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format includes support for an (OID => ref) map. This map can speed
up visibility and reachability checks. In particular, various operations along
the fetch/push path within Gerrit have ben sped up by using this structure.

The map is constructed with help of a binary tree. Object IDs are hashes, so
they are uniformly distributed. Hence, the tree does not attempt forced
rebalancing.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |  4 ++-
 reftable/tree.c          | 63 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree.h          | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree_test.c     | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |  1 +
 5 files changed, 162 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 14a0a1f7643..157ff1edba8 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,11 +2462,13 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
-REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
diff --git a/reftable/tree.c b/reftable/tree.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82db7995dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert)
+{
+	int res;
+	if (*rootp == NULL) {
+		if (!insert) {
+			return NULL;
+		} else {
+			struct tree_node *n =
+				reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct tree_node));
+			n->key = key;
+			*rootp = n;
+			return *rootp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	res = compare(key, (*rootp)->key);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->left, compare, insert);
+	else if (res > 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->right, compare, insert);
+	return *rootp;
+}
+
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg)
+{
+	if (t->left) {
+		infix_walk(t->left, action, arg);
+	}
+	action(arg, t->key);
+	if (t->right) {
+		infix_walk(t->right, action, arg);
+	}
+}
+
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t)
+{
+	if (t == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+	if (t->left) {
+		tree_free(t->left);
+	}
+	if (t->right) {
+		tree_free(t->right);
+	}
+	reftable_free(t);
+}
diff --git a/reftable/tree.h b/reftable/tree.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbdd002e23a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TREE_H
+#define TREE_H
+
+/* tree_node is a generic binary search tree. */
+struct tree_node {
+	void *key;
+	struct tree_node *left, *right;
+};
+
+/* looks for `key` in `rootp` using `compare` as comparison function. If insert
+ * is set, insert the key if it's not found. Else, return NULL.
+ */
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert);
+
+/* performs an infix walk of the tree. */
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg);
+
+/*
+ * deallocates the tree nodes recursively. Keys should be deallocated separately
+ * by walking over the tree. */
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/tree_test.c b/reftable/tree_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cbff1255886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static int test_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return (char *)a - (char *)b;
+}
+
+struct curry {
+	void *last;
+};
+
+static void check_increasing(void *arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct curry *c = arg;
+	if (c->last) {
+		EXPECT(test_compare(c->last, key) < 0);
+	}
+	c->last = key;
+}
+
+static void test_tree(void)
+{
+	struct tree_node *root = NULL;
+
+	void *values[11] = { NULL };
+	struct tree_node *nodes[11] = { NULL };
+	int i = 1;
+	struct curry c = { NULL };
+	do {
+		nodes[i] = tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 1);
+		i = (i * 7) % 11;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nodes); i++) {
+		EXPECT(values + i == nodes[i]->key);
+		EXPECT(nodes[i] ==
+		       tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 0));
+	}
+
+	infix_walk(root, check_increasing, &c);
+	tree_free(root);
+}
+
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_tree);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c9deeaf08c7..050551fa698 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 10/19] reftable: write reftable files
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (8 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (11 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   1 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h | 148 ++++++++
 reftable/writer.c          | 690 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h          |  50 +++
 4 files changed, 889 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 157ff1edba8..de5c4026201 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2463,6 +2463,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-writer.h b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af36462ced5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+#define REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <unistd.h> /* ssize_t */
+
+/* Writing single reftables */
+
+/* reftable_write_options sets options for writing a single reftable. */
+struct reftable_write_options {
+	/* boolean: do not pad out blocks to block size. */
+	unsigned unpadded : 1;
+
+	/* the blocksize. Should be less than 2^24. */
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* boolean: do not generate a SHA1 => ref index. */
+	unsigned skip_index_objects : 1;
+
+	/* how often to write complete keys in each block. */
+	int restart_interval;
+
+	/* 4-byte identifier ("sha1", "s256") of the hash.
+	 * Defaults to SHA1 if unset
+	 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	/* boolean: do not check ref names for validity or dir/file conflicts.
+	 */
+	unsigned skip_name_check : 1;
+
+	/* boolean: copy log messages exactly. If unset, check that the message
+	 *   is a single line, and add '\n' if missing.
+	 */
+	unsigned exact_log_message : 1;
+};
+
+/* reftable_block_stats holds statistics for a single block type */
+struct reftable_block_stats {
+	/* total number of entries written */
+	int entries;
+	/* total number of key restarts */
+	int restarts;
+	/* total number of blocks */
+	int blocks;
+	/* total number of index blocks */
+	int index_blocks;
+	/* depth of the index */
+	int max_index_level;
+
+	/* offset of the first block for this type */
+	uint64_t offset;
+	/* offset of the top level index block for this type, or 0 if not
+	 * present */
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* stats holds overall statistics for a single reftable */
+struct reftable_stats {
+	/* total number of blocks written. */
+	int blocks;
+	/* stats for ref data */
+	struct reftable_block_stats ref_stats;
+	/* stats for the SHA1 to ref map. */
+	struct reftable_block_stats obj_stats;
+	/* stats for index blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats idx_stats;
+	/* stats for log blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats log_stats;
+
+	/* disambiguation length of shortened object IDs. */
+	int object_id_len;
+};
+
+/* reftable_new_writer creates a new writer */
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts);
+
+/* Set the range of update indices for the records we will add. When writing a
+   table into a stack, the min should be at least
+   reftable_stack_next_update_index(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned.
+
+   For transactional updates to a stack, typically min==max, and the
+   update_index can be obtained by inspeciting the stack. When converting an
+   existing ref database into a single reftable, this would be a range of
+   update-index timestamps.
+ */
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max);
+
+/*
+  Add a reftable_ref_record. The record should have names that come after
+  already added records.
+
+  The update_index must be within the limits set by
+  reftable_writer_set_limits(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned. It is an
+  REFTABLE_API_ERROR error to write a ref record after a log record.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_ref_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering the records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n);
+
+/*
+  adds reftable_log_records. Log records are keyed by (refname, decreasing
+  update_index). The key for the record added must come after the already added
+  log records.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_log_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n);
+
+/* reftable_writer_close finalizes the reftable. The writer is retained so
+ * statistics can be inspected. */
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* writer_stats returns the statistics on the reftable being written.
+
+   This struct becomes invalid when the writer is freed.
+ */
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* reftable_writer_free deallocates memory for the writer */
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/writer.c b/reftable/writer.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ca721e9f64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,690 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "writer.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+/* finishes a block, and writes it to storage */
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* deallocates memory related to the index */
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* finishes writing a 'r' (refs) or 'g' (reflogs) section */
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+static struct reftable_block_stats *
+writer_reftable_block_stats(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case 'r':
+		return &w->stats.ref_stats;
+	case 'o':
+		return &w->stats.obj_stats;
+	case 'i':
+		return &w->stats.idx_stats;
+	case 'g':
+		return &w->stats.log_stats;
+	}
+	abort();
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* write data, queuing the padding for the next write. Returns negative for
+ * error. */
+static int padded_write(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *data, size_t len,
+			int padding)
+{
+	int n = 0;
+	if (w->pending_padding > 0) {
+		uint8_t *zeroed = reftable_calloc(w->pending_padding);
+		int n = w->write(w->write_arg, zeroed, w->pending_padding);
+		if (n < 0)
+			return n;
+
+		w->pending_padding = 0;
+		reftable_free(zeroed);
+	}
+
+	w->pending_padding = padding;
+	n = w->write(w->write_arg, data, len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	n += padding;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void options_set_defaults(struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	if (opts->restart_interval == 0) {
+		opts->restart_interval = 16;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->hash_id == 0) {
+		opts->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+	if (opts->block_size == 0) {
+		opts->block_size = DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	}
+}
+
+static int writer_version(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return (w->opts.hash_id == 0 || w->opts.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ?
+			     1 :
+			     2;
+}
+
+static int writer_write_header(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *dest)
+{
+	memcpy(dest, "REFT", 4);
+
+	dest[4] = writer_version(w);
+
+	put_be24(dest + 5, w->opts.block_size);
+	put_be64(dest + 8, w->min_update_index);
+	put_be64(dest + 16, w->max_update_index);
+	if (writer_version(w) == 2) {
+		put_be32(dest + 24, w->opts.hash_id);
+	}
+	return header_size(writer_version(w));
+}
+
+static void writer_reinit_block_writer(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	int block_start = 0;
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		block_start = header_size(writer_version(w));
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	block_writer_init(&w->block_writer_data, typ, w->block,
+			  w->opts.block_size, block_start,
+			  hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+	w->block_writer = &w->block_writer_data;
+	w->block_writer->restart_interval = w->opts.restart_interval;
+}
+
+static struct strbuf reftable_empty_strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	struct reftable_writer *wp =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_writer));
+	strbuf_init(&wp->block_writer_data.last_key, 0);
+	options_set_defaults(opts);
+	if (opts->block_size >= (1 << 24)) {
+		/* TODO - error return? */
+		abort();
+	}
+	wp->last_key = reftable_empty_strbuf;
+	wp->block = reftable_calloc(opts->block_size);
+	wp->write = writer_func;
+	wp->write_arg = writer_arg;
+	wp->opts = *opts;
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(wp, BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+
+	return wp;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max)
+{
+	w->min_update_index = min;
+	w->max_update_index = max;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	reftable_free(w->block);
+	reftable_free(w);
+}
+
+struct obj_index_tree_node {
+	struct strbuf hash;
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+	size_t offset_len;
+	size_t offset_cap;
+};
+
+#define OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT    \
+	{                           \
+		.hash = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int obj_index_tree_node_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strbuf_cmp(&((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)a)->hash,
+			  &((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)b)->hash);
+}
+
+static void writer_index_hash(struct reftable_writer *w, struct strbuf *hash)
+{
+	uint64_t off = w->next;
+
+	struct obj_index_tree_node want = { .hash = *hash };
+
+	struct tree_node *node = tree_search(&want, &w->obj_index_tree,
+					     &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 0);
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *key = NULL;
+	if (node == NULL) {
+		struct obj_index_tree_node empty = OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT;
+		key = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct obj_index_tree_node));
+		*key = empty;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&key->hash);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&key->hash, hash);
+		tree_search((void *)key, &w->obj_index_tree,
+			    &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 1);
+	} else {
+		key = node->key;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len > 0 && key->offsets[key->offset_len - 1] == off) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len == key->offset_cap) {
+		key->offset_cap = 2 * key->offset_cap + 1;
+		key->offsets = reftable_realloc(
+			key->offsets, sizeof(uint64_t) * key->offset_cap);
+	}
+
+	key->offsets[key->offset_len++] = off;
+}
+
+static int writer_add_record(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	if (strbuf_cmp(&w->last_key, &key) >= 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, &key);
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL) {
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	}
+
+	assert(block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == reftable_record_type(rec));
+
+	if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec) == 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record copy = *ref;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (ref->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+	if (ref->update_index < w->min_update_index ||
+	    ref->update_index > w->max_update_index)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &copy);
+	copy.update_index -= w->min_update_index;
+
+	err = writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val1(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, (char *)reftable_ref_record_val1(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val2(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, reftable_ref_record_val2(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(refs, n, reftable_ref_record_compare_name);
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(struct reftable_writer *w,
+					    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (w->block_writer &&
+	    block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	w->next -= w->pending_padding;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	char *input_log_message = NULL;
+	struct strbuf cleaned_message = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+
+	if (log->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	input_log_message = log->value.update.message;
+	if (!w->opts.exact_log_message && log->value.update.message) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, log->value.update.message);
+		while (cleaned_message.len &&
+		       cleaned_message.buf[cleaned_message.len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(&cleaned_message,
+				      cleaned_message.len - 1);
+		if (strchr(cleaned_message.buf, '\n')) {
+			/* multiple lines not allowed. */
+			err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, "\n");
+		log->value.update.message = cleaned_message.buf;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+	log->value.update.message = input_log_message;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&cleaned_message);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(logs, n, reftable_log_record_compare_key);
+
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &logs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	uint64_t index_start = 0;
+	int max_level = 0;
+	int threshold = w->opts.unpadded ? 1 : 3;
+	int before_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks;
+	int err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats = NULL;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	while (w->index_len > threshold) {
+		struct reftable_index_record *idx = NULL;
+		int idx_len = 0;
+
+		max_level++;
+		index_start = w->next;
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+		idx = w->index;
+		idx_len = w->index_len;
+
+		w->index = NULL;
+		w->index_len = 0;
+		w->index_cap = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+			reftable_record_from_index(&rec, idx + i);
+			if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec) == 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			err = writer_flush_block(w);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+
+			writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+			err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec);
+			if (err != 0) {
+				/* write into fresh block should always succeed
+				 */
+				abort();
+			}
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			strbuf_release(&idx[i].last_key);
+		}
+		reftable_free(idx);
+	}
+
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	bstats = writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	bstats->index_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks - before_blocks;
+	bstats->index_offset = index_start;
+	bstats->max_index_level = max_level;
+
+	/* Reinit lastKey, as the next section can start with any key. */
+	w->last_key.len = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct common_prefix_arg {
+	struct strbuf *last;
+	int max;
+};
+
+static void update_common(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct common_prefix_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	if (arg->last) {
+		int n = common_prefix_size(&entry->hash, arg->last);
+		if (n > arg->max) {
+			arg->max = n;
+		}
+	}
+	arg->last = &entry->hash;
+}
+
+struct write_record_arg {
+	struct reftable_writer *w;
+	int err;
+};
+
+static void write_object_record(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	struct reftable_obj_record obj_rec = {
+		.hash_prefix = (uint8_t *)entry->hash.buf,
+		.hash_prefix_len = arg->w->stats.object_id_len,
+		.offsets = entry->offsets,
+		.offset_len = entry->offset_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &obj_rec);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	arg->err = writer_flush_block(arg->w);
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(arg->w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+	obj_rec.offset_len = 0;
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+
+	/* Should be able to write into a fresh block. */
+	assert(arg->err == 0);
+
+done:;
+}
+
+static void object_record_free(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(entry->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&entry->hash);
+	reftable_free(entry);
+}
+
+static int writer_dump_object_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg closure = { .w = w };
+	struct common_prefix_arg common = { NULL };
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &update_common, &common);
+	}
+	w->stats.object_id_len = common.max + 1;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &write_object_record, &closure);
+	}
+
+	if (closure.err < 0)
+		return closure.err;
+	return writer_finish_section(w);
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	err = writer_finish_section(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF && !w->opts.skip_index_objects &&
+	    w->stats.ref_stats.index_blocks > 0) {
+		err = writer_dump_object_index(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &object_record_free, NULL);
+		tree_free(w->obj_index_tree);
+		w->obj_index_tree = NULL;
+	}
+
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t footer[72];
+	uint8_t *p = footer;
+	int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+	int empty_table = w->next == 0;
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+	if (empty_table) {
+		/* Empty tables need a header anyway. */
+		uint8_t header[28];
+		int n = writer_write_header(w, header);
+		err = padded_write(w, header, n, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	p += writer_write_header(w, footer);
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.ref_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, (w->stats.obj_stats.offset) << 5 | w->stats.object_id_len);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.obj_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be32(p, crc32(0, footer, p - footer));
+	p += 4;
+
+	err = padded_write(w, footer, footer_size(writer_version(w)), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (empty_table) {
+		err = REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	/* free up memory. */
+	block_writer_release(&w->block_writer_data);
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->index_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&w->index[i].last_key);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(w->index);
+	w->index_len = 0;
+	w->index_cap = 0;
+}
+
+static const int debug = 0;
+
+static int writer_flush_nonempty_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats =
+		writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	uint64_t block_typ_off = (bstats->blocks == 0) ? w->next : 0;
+	int raw_bytes = block_writer_finish(w->block_writer);
+	int padding = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_index_record ir = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	if (raw_bytes < 0)
+		return raw_bytes;
+
+	if (!w->opts.unpadded && typ != BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		padding = w->opts.block_size - raw_bytes;
+	}
+
+	if (block_typ_off > 0) {
+		bstats->offset = block_typ_off;
+	}
+
+	bstats->entries += w->block_writer->entries;
+	bstats->restarts += w->block_writer->restart_len;
+	bstats->blocks++;
+	w->stats.blocks++;
+
+	if (debug) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "block %c off %" PRIu64 " sz %d (%d)\n", typ,
+			w->next, raw_bytes,
+			get_be24(w->block + w->block_writer->header_off + 1));
+	}
+
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		writer_write_header(w, w->block);
+	}
+
+	err = padded_write(w, w->block, raw_bytes, padding);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (w->index_cap == w->index_len) {
+		w->index_cap = 2 * w->index_cap + 1;
+		w->index = reftable_realloc(
+			w->index,
+			sizeof(struct reftable_index_record) * w->index_cap);
+	}
+
+	ir.offset = w->next;
+	strbuf_reset(&ir.last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&ir.last_key, &w->block_writer->last_key);
+	w->index[w->index_len] = ir;
+
+	w->index_len++;
+	w->next += padding + raw_bytes;
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	if (w->block_writer->entries == 0)
+		return 0;
+	return writer_flush_nonempty_block(w);
+}
+
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return &w->stats;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/writer.h b/reftable/writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09b88673d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef WRITER_H
+#define WRITER_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+struct reftable_writer {
+	ssize_t (*write)(void *, const void *, size_t);
+	void *write_arg;
+	int pending_padding;
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+
+	/* offset of next block to write. */
+	uint64_t next;
+	uint64_t min_update_index, max_update_index;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts;
+
+	/* memory buffer for writing */
+	uint8_t *block;
+
+	/* writer for the current section. NULL or points to
+	 * block_writer_data */
+	struct block_writer *block_writer;
+
+	struct block_writer block_writer_data;
+
+	/* pending index records for the current section */
+	struct reftable_index_record *index;
+	size_t index_len;
+	size_t index_cap;
+
+	/*
+	 * tree for use with tsearch; used to populate the 'o' inverse OID
+	 * map */
+	struct tree_node *obj_index_tree;
+
+	struct reftable_stats stats;
+};
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (9 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (10 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                     |   3 +
 reftable/generic.c           | 169 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/generic.h           |  32 +++++++
 reftable/reftable-generic.h  |  47 ++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h |  39 ++++++++
 reftable/reftable.c          | 115 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 405 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index de5c4026201..02cb06f82ec 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,6 +2462,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/stack.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/generic.c b/reftable/generic.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a8a738d860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = ~((uint64_t)0),
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab) {
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	uint32_t hash_id = reftable_table_hash_id(tab);
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_ref_record_print(&ref, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_table_seek_log(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_log_record_print(&log, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/generic.h b/reftable/generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98886a06402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef GENERIC_H
+#define GENERIC_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* generic interface to reftables */
+struct reftable_table_vtable {
+	int (*seek_record)(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			   struct reftable_record *);
+	uint32_t (*hash_id)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*min_update_index)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*max_update_index)(void *tab);
+};
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable {
+	int (*next)(void *iter_arg, struct reftable_record *rec);
+	void (*close)(void *iter_arg);
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-generic.h b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d239751a778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+#define REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct reftable_table_vtable;
+
+/*
+ * Provides a unified API for reading tables, either merged tables, or single
+ * readers. */
+struct reftable_table {
+	struct reftable_table_vtable *ops;
+	void *table_arg;
+};
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID from a generic reftable_table */
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0
+   for success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* dump table contents onto stdout for debugging */
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-iterator.h b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3eee7af357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable;
+
+/* iterator is the generic interface for walking over data stored in a
+ * reftable.
+ */
+struct reftable_iterator {
+	struct reftable_iterator_vtable *ops;
+	void *iter_arg;
+};
+
+/* reads the next reftable_ref_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* reads the next reftable_log_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* releases resources associated with an iterator. */
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable.c b/reftable/reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e4607a7cd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 12/19] reftable: read reftable files
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (10 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (9 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This supports reading a single reftable file.

The commit introduces an abstract iterator type, which captures the usecases
both of reading individual refs, and iterating over a segment of the ref
namespace.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/iter.c            | 194 +++++++++
 reftable/iter.h            |  69 ++++
 reftable/reader.c          | 801 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h          |  66 +++
 reftable/reftable-reader.h | 101 +++++
 6 files changed, 1233 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 02cb06f82ec..c057c23d4a8 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2460,7 +2460,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
diff --git a/reftable/iter.c b/reftable/iter.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93d04f735b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "iter.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	return !it->ops;
+}
+
+static void filtering_ref_iterator_close(void *iter_arg)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	strbuf_release(&fri->oid);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&fri->it);
+}
+
+static int filtering_ref_iterator_next(void *iter_arg,
+				       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+	int err = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&fri->it, ref);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (fri->double_check) {
+			struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+			err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&fri->tab, &it,
+						      ref->refname);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+			}
+
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+			if (err < 0) {
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (err > 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 &&
+		    (!memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			     fri->oid.len) ||
+		     !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value,
+			     fri->oid.len)))
+			return 0;
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 &&
+		    !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val1, fri->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable filtering_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	.next = &filtering_ref_iterator_next,
+	.close = &filtering_ref_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = fri;
+	it->ops = &filtering_ref_iterator_vtable;
+}
+
+static void indexed_table_ref_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	block_iter_close(&it->cur);
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+	reftable_free(it->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&it->oid);
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it)
+{
+	uint64_t off;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (it->offset_idx == it->offset_len) {
+		it->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+
+	off = it->offsets[it->offset_idx++];
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(it->r, &it->block_reader, off,
+				       BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (err > 0) {
+		/* indexed block does not exist. */
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+	}
+	block_reader_start(&it->block_reader, &it->cur);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int err = block_iter_next(&it->cur, rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(it);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				return err;
+			}
+
+			if (it->is_finished) {
+				return 1;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* BUG */
+		if (!memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			    it->oid.len) ||
+		    !memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value, it->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter empty = INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct indexed_table_ref_iter));
+	int err = 0;
+
+	*itr = empty;
+	itr->r = r;
+	strbuf_add(&itr->oid, oid, oid_len);
+
+	itr->offsets = offsets;
+	itr->offset_len = offset_len;
+
+	err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(itr);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(itr);
+	} else {
+		*dest = itr;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &indexed_table_ref_iter_next,
+	.close = &indexed_table_ref_iter_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = itr;
+	it->ops = &indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/iter.h b/reftable/iter.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09eb0cbfa59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef ITER_H
+#define ITER_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* Returns true for a zeroed out iterator, such as the one returned from
+ * iterator_destroy. */
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid` */
+struct filtering_ref_iterator {
+	int double_check;
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+	struct reftable_iterator it;
+};
+#define FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT \
+	{                           \
+		.oid = STRBUF_INIT  \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid`,
+ * but using the object index.
+ */
+struct indexed_table_ref_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+
+	/* mutable */
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+
+	/* Points to the next offset to read. */
+	int offset_idx;
+	int offset_len;
+	struct block_reader block_reader;
+	struct block_iter cur;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+
+#define INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT                                     \
+	{                                                               \
+		.cur = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT }, .oid = STRBUF_INIT, \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr);
+
+/* Takes ownership of `offsets` */
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reader.c b/reftable/reader.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ab7a981eb8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.c
@@ -0,0 +1,801 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reader.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	return source->ops->size(source->arg);
+}
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size)
+{
+	int result = source->ops->read_block(source->arg, dest, off, size);
+	dest->source = *source;
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	if (!source->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	source->ops->close(source->arg);
+	source->ops = NULL;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader_offsets *
+reader_offsets_for(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		return &r->ref_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		return &r->log_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+		return &r->obj_offsets;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reader_get_block(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t sz)
+{
+	if (off >= r->size)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (off + sz > r->size) {
+		sz = r->size - off;
+	}
+
+	return block_source_read_block(&r->source, dest, off, sz);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->hash_id;
+}
+
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->name;
+}
+
+static int parse_footer(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *footer,
+			uint8_t *header)
+{
+	uint8_t *f = footer;
+	uint8_t first_block_typ;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t computed_crc;
+	uint32_t file_crc;
+
+	if (memcmp(f, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	f += 4;
+
+	if (memcmp(footer, header, header_size(r->version))) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	f++;
+	r->block_size = get_be24(f);
+
+	f += 3;
+	r->min_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->max_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	if (r->version == 1) {
+		r->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	} else {
+		r->hash_id = get_be32(f);
+		switch (r->hash_id) {
+		case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		default:
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		f += 4;
+	}
+
+	r->ref_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->object_id_len = r->obj_offsets.offset & ((1 << 5) - 1);
+	r->obj_offsets.offset >>= 5;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	computed_crc = crc32(0, footer, f - footer);
+	file_crc = get_be32(f);
+	f += 4;
+	if (computed_crc != file_crc) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	first_block_typ = header[header_size(r->version)];
+	r->ref_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	r->ref_offsets.offset = 0;
+	r->log_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG ||
+				     r->log_offsets.offset > 0);
+	r->obj_offsets.is_present = r->obj_offsets.offset > 0;
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	return err;
+}
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_block footer = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block header = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t file_size = block_source_size(source);
+
+	/* Need +1 to read type of first block. */
+	uint32_t read_size = header_size(2) + 1; /* read v2 because it's larger.  */
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+
+	if (read_size > file_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &header, 0, read_size);
+	if (err != read_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (memcmp(header.data, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	r->version = header.data[4];
+	if (r->version != 1 && r->version != 2) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	r->size = file_size - footer_size(r->version);
+	r->source = *source;
+	r->name = xstrdup(name);
+	r->hash_id = 0;
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &footer, r->size,
+				      footer_size(r->version));
+	if (err != footer_size(r->version)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = parse_footer(r, footer.data, header.data);
+done:
+	reftable_block_done(&footer);
+	reftable_block_done(&header);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct table_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	uint64_t block_off;
+	struct block_iter bi;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+#define TABLE_ITER_INIT                          \
+	{                                        \
+		.bi = {.last_key = STRBUF_INIT } \
+	}
+
+static void table_iter_copy_from(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = src->block_off;
+	dest->is_finished = src->is_finished;
+	block_iter_copy_from(&dest->bi, &src->bi);
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_in_block(struct table_iter *ti,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	int res = block_iter_next(&ti->bi, rec);
+	if (res == 0 && reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		((struct reftable_ref_record *)rec->data)->update_index +=
+			ti->r->min_update_index;
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void table_iter_block_done(struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	if (!ti->bi.br) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_block_done(&ti->bi.br->block);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(ti->bi.br);
+
+	ti->bi.last_key.len = 0;
+	ti->bi.next_off = 0;
+}
+
+static int32_t extract_block_size(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *typ, uint64_t off,
+				  int version)
+{
+	int32_t result = 0;
+
+	if (off == 0) {
+		data += header_size(version);
+	}
+
+	*typ = data[0];
+	if (reftable_is_block_type(*typ)) {
+		result = get_be24(data + 1);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ)
+{
+	int32_t guess_block_size = r->block_size ? r->block_size :
+							 DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	uint8_t block_typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t header_off = next_off ? 0 : header_size(r->version);
+	int32_t block_size = 0;
+
+	if (next_off >= r->size)
+		return 1;
+
+	err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, guess_block_size);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	block_size = extract_block_size(block.data, &block_typ, next_off,
+					r->version);
+	if (block_size < 0)
+		return block_size;
+
+	if (want_typ != BLOCK_TYPE_ANY && block_typ != want_typ) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (block_size > guess_block_size) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, block_size);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return block_reader_init(br, &block, header_off, r->block_size,
+				 hash_size(r->hash_id));
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_block(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	uint64_t next_block_off = src->block_off + src->bi.br->full_block_size;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = next_block_off;
+
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(src->r, &br, next_block_off, src->typ);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		dest->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct block_reader *brp =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+		*brp = br;
+
+		dest->is_finished = 0;
+		block_reader_start(brp, &dest->bi);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next(struct table_iter *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	if (reftable_record_type(rec) != ti->typ)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		int err = 0;
+		if (ti->is_finished) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_in_block(ti, rec);
+		if (err <= 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			ti->is_finished = 1;
+		}
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+		block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	}
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_void(void *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return table_iter_next(ti, rec);
+}
+
+static void table_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct table_iter *ti = p;
+	table_iter_block_done(ti);
+	block_iter_close(&ti->bi);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable table_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &table_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &table_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_table_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = ti;
+	it->ops = &table_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+static int reader_table_iter_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct table_iter *ti, uint64_t off,
+				uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_reader *brp = NULL;
+
+	int err = reader_init_block_reader(r, &br, off, typ);
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+
+	brp = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+	*brp = br;
+	ti->r = r;
+	ti->typ = block_reader_type(brp);
+	ti->block_off = off;
+	block_reader_start(brp, &ti->bi);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reader_start(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			uint8_t typ, int index)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	uint64_t off = offs->offset;
+	if (index) {
+		off = offs->index_offset;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		typ = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX;
+	}
+
+	return reader_table_iter_at(r, ti, off, typ);
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_linear(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			      struct reftable_record *want)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(want));
+	struct strbuf want_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf got_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+
+	reftable_record_key(want, &want_key);
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = block_reader_first_key(next.bi.br, &got_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (strbuf_cmp(&got_key, &want_key) > 0) {
+			table_iter_block_done(&next);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+	}
+
+	err = block_iter_seek(&ti->bi, &want_key);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = 0;
+
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+	strbuf_release(&want_key);
+	strbuf_release(&got_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			       struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record want_index = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record want_index_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record index_result = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record index_result_rec = { NULL };
+	struct table_iter index_iter = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &want_index.last_key);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&want_index_rec, &want_index);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&index_result_rec, &index_result);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &index_iter, reftable_record_type(rec), 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &index_iter, &want_index_rec);
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next(&index_iter, &index_result_rec);
+		table_iter_block_done(&index_iter);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = reader_table_iter_at(r, &next, index_result.offset, 0);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = block_iter_seek(&next.bi, &want_index.last_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (next.typ == reftable_record_type(rec)) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (next.typ != BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX) {
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_copy_from(&index_iter, &next);
+	}
+
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct table_iter empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		struct table_iter *malloced =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*malloced = empty;
+		table_iter_copy_from(malloced, &next);
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, malloced);
+	}
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	table_iter_close(&index_iter);
+	reftable_record_release(&want_index_rec);
+	reftable_record_release(&index_result_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_internal(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs =
+		reader_offsets_for(r, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	uint64_t idx = offs->index_offset;
+	struct table_iter ti = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (idx > 0)
+		return reader_seek_indexed(r, it, rec);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &ti, reftable_record_type(rec), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &ti, rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct table_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*p = ti;
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, p);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+		struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = reftable_record_type(rec);
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	if (!offs->is_present) {
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return reader_seek_internal(r, it, rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_reader_seek_log_at(r, it, name, max);
+}
+
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	block_source_close(&r->source);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(r->name);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **p,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, char const *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader *rd =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+	int err = init_reader(rd, src, name);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		*p = rd;
+	} else {
+		block_source_close(src);
+		reftable_free(rd);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	reader_close(r);
+	reftable_free(r);
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					    uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record want = {
+		.hash_prefix = oid,
+		.hash_prefix_len = r->object_id_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record want_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator oit = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_obj_record got = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record got_rec = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr = NULL;
+
+	/* Look through the reverse index. */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&want_rec, &want);
+	err = reader_seek(r, &oit, &want_rec);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	/* read out the reftable_obj_record */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&got_rec, &got);
+	err = iterator_next(&oit, &got_rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 0 ||
+	    memcmp(want.hash_prefix, got.hash_prefix, r->object_id_len)) {
+		/* didn't find it; return empty iterator */
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = new_indexed_table_ref_iter(&itr, r, oid, hash_size(r->hash_id),
+					 got.offsets, got.offset_len);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	got.offsets = NULL;
+	iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(it, itr);
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&oit);
+	reftable_record_release(&got_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					      uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct table_iter ti_empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter *ti = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *filter = NULL;
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator empty = FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT;
+	int oid_len = hash_size(r->hash_id);
+	int err;
+
+	*ti = ti_empty;
+	err = reader_start(r, ti, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(ti);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	filter = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct filtering_ref_iterator));
+	*filter = empty;
+
+	strbuf_add(&filter->oid, oid, oid_len);
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&filter->tab, r);
+	filter->double_check = 0;
+	iterator_from_table_iter(&filter->it, ti);
+
+	iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(it, filter);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	if (r->obj_offsets.is_present)
+		return reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(r, it, oid);
+	return reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(r, it, oid);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->max_update_index;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->min_update_index;
+}
+
+/* generic table interface. */
+
+static int reftable_reader_seek_void(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return reader_seek(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable reader_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_reader_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_reader_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_reader_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &reader_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = reader;
+}
+
+
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, tablename);
+	struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, tablename);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, r);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&tab);
+done:
+	reftable_reader_free(r);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reader.h b/reftable/reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..39583e5dbcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef READER_H
+#define READER_H
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size);
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+/* metadata for a block type */
+struct reftable_reader_offsets {
+	int is_present;
+	uint64_t offset;
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* The state for reading a reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader {
+	/* for convience, associate a name with the instance. */
+	char *name;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+
+	/* Size of the file, excluding the footer. */
+	uint64_t size;
+
+	/* 'sha1' for SHA1, 's256' for SHA-256 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	uint32_t block_size;
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+	uint64_t max_update_index;
+	/* Length of the OID keys in the 'o' section */
+	int object_id_len;
+	int version;
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets ref_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets obj_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets log_offsets;
+};
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name);
+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+		struct reftable_record *rec);
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r);
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* initialize a block reader to read from `r` */
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-reader.h b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a4bc2fdf85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_READER_H
+#define REFTABLE_READER_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Reading single tables
+ *
+ * The follow routines are for reading single files. For an
+ * application-level interface, skip ahead to struct
+ * reftable_merged_table and struct reftable_stack.
+ */
+
+/* The reader struct is a handle to an open reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader;
+
+/* Generic table. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_reader opens a reftable for reading. If successful,
+ * returns 0 code and sets pp. The name is used for creating a
+ * stack. Typically, it is the basename of the file. The block source
+ * `src` is owned by the reader, and is closed on calling
+ * reftable_reader_destroy(). On error, the block source `src` is
+ * closed as well.
+ */
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **pp,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, const char *name);
+
+/* reftable_reader_seek_ref returns an iterator where 'name' would be inserted
+   in the table.  To seek to the start of the table, use name = "".
+
+   example:
+
+   struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+   int err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, "filename");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_iterator it  = {0};
+   err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(r, &it, "refs/heads/master");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_ref_record ref  = {0};
+   while (1) {
+   err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+   if (err > 0) {
+   break;
+   }
+   if (err < 0) {
+   ..error handling..
+   }
+   ..found..
+   }
+   reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+   reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID used in this table. */
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* seek to logs for the given name, older than update_index. To seek to the
+   start of the table, use name = "".
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* seek to newest log entry for given name. */
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* closes and deallocates a reader. */
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *);
+
+/* return an iterator for the refs pointing to `oid`. */
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid);
+
+/* return the max_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* return the min_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* creates a generic table from a file reader. */
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader);
+
+/* print table onto stdout for debugging. */
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (11 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (8 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

With support for reading and writing files in place, we can construct files (in
memory) and attempt to read them back.

Because some sections of the format are optional (eg. indices, log entries), we
have to exercise this code using multiple sizes of input data

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   1 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c | 652 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   2 +-
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 4 files changed, 655 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index c057c23d4a8..1c0bb449027 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2473,6 +2473,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/readwrite_test.c b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f6bcc2f775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,652 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static const int update_index = 5;
+
+static void test_buffer(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block out = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	uint8_t in[] = "hello";
+	strbuf_add(&buf, in, sizeof(in));
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	EXPECT(block_source_size(&source) == 6);
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 0, sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(n == sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(in, out.data, n));
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 1, 2);
+	EXPECT(n == 2);
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(out.data, "el", 2));
+
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+	block_source_close(&source);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void write_table(char ***names, struct strbuf *buf, int N,
+			int block_size, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = block_size,
+		.hash_id = hash_id,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0, n;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	*names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = update_index;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+		(*names)[i] = xstrdup(name);
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		log.refname = name;
+		log.update_index = update_index;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash;
+		log.value.update.message = "message";
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	for (i = 0; i < stats->ref_stats.blocks; i++) {
+		int off = i * opts.block_size;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			off = header_size(
+				(hash_id == GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID) ? 2 : 1);
+		}
+		EXPECT(buf->buf[off] == 'r');
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static void test_log_buffer_size(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 4096,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record
+		log = { .refname = "refs/heads/master",
+			.update_index = 0xa,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = { .update = {
+					   .name = "Han-Wen Nienhuys",
+					   .email = "hanwen@google.com",
+					   .tz_offset = 100,
+					   .time = 0x5e430672,
+					   .message = "commit: 9\n",
+				   } } };
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	/* This tests buffer extension for log compression. Must use a random
+	   hash, to ensure that the compressed part is larger than the original.
+	*/
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+	for (i = 0; i < GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ; i++) {
+		hash1[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+		hash2[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+	}
+	log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+	log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_log_write_read(void)
+{
+	int N = 2;
+	char **names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 0, N);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[256];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "b%02d%0*d", i, 130, 7);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = i;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, i + 1);
+
+		log.refname = names[i];
+		log.update_index = i;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[N - 1]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* end of iteration. */
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT(0 < err);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_log(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], log.refname);
+		EXPECT(i == log.update_index);
+		i++;
+		reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(i == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	/* cleanup. */
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_sequential(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int r = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[j], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(update_index == ref.update_index);
+
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_write_small_table(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 1;
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 4096, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(buf.len < 200);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_api(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek(int index, int hash_id)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf pastLast = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, hash_id);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(hash_id == reftable_reader_hash_id(&rd));
+
+	if (!index) {
+		rd.ref_offsets.index_offset = 0;
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(rd.ref_offsets.index_offset > 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[i], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 == ref.value_type);
+		EXPECT(i == ref.value.val1[0]);
+
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, names[N - 1]);
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, "/");
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, pastLast.buf);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&pastLast);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for(int indexed)
+{
+	int N = 50;
+	char **want_names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int want_names_len = 0;
+	uint8_t want_hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_reader rd;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int j;
+
+	set_test_hash(want_hash, 4);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		char fill[51] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+		memset(fill, 'x', 50);
+		/* Put the variable part in the start */
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "br%02d%s", i, fill);
+		name[40] = 0;
+		ref.refname = name;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i / 4);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, 3 + i / 4);
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL2;
+		ref.value.val2.value = hash1;
+		ref.value.val2.target_value = hash2;
+
+		/* 80 bytes / entry, so 3 entries per block. Yields 17
+		 */
+		/* blocks. */
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		if (!memcmp(hash1, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ) ||
+		    !memcmp(hash2, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)) {
+			want_names[want_names_len++] = xstrdup(name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	if (!indexed) {
+		rd.obj_offsets.is_present = 0;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_refs_for(&rd, &it, want_hash);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	j = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err >= 0);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT(j < want_names_len);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(ref.refname, want_names[j]));
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == want_names_len);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(want_names);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_no_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(0);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_obj_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(1);
+}
+
+static void test_write_empty_table(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	EXPECT(buf.len == header_size(1) + footer_size(1));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &rec);
+	EXPECT(err > 0);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_write_key_order(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}, {
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}
+	};
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[1]);
+	printf("%d\n", err);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_close(w);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table_empty(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table(void)
+{
+	uint8_t zeros[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	strbuf_add(&buf, zeros, sizeof(zeros));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_write_read);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_key_order);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_buffer_size);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_write_small_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_buffer);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_sequential);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_no_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_obj_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_empty_table);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 5e7698ae654..3d541fa5c0c 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
-int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 050551fa698..898aba836fd 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (12 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (7 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This is needed to create a merged view multiple reftables

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   2 +
 reftable/pq.c             | 105 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/pq.h             |  33 ++++++++++++
 reftable/pq_test.c        |  82 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 6 files changed, 224 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 1c0bb449027..d2c9b0097a7 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,6 +2462,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
@@ -2472,6 +2473,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/pq.c b/reftable/pq.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..efc474017a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b)
+{
+	struct strbuf ak = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf bk = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int cmp = 0;
+	reftable_record_key(&a->rec, &ak);
+	reftable_record_key(&b->rec, &bk);
+
+	cmp = strbuf_cmp(&ak, &bk);
+
+	strbuf_release(&ak);
+	strbuf_release(&bk);
+
+	if (cmp == 0)
+		return a->index > b->index;
+
+	return cmp < 0;
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.heap[0];
+}
+
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.len == 0;
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct pq_entry e = pq->heap[0];
+	pq->heap[0] = pq->heap[pq->len - 1];
+	pq->len--;
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (i < pq->len) {
+		int min = i;
+		int j = 2 * i + 1;
+		int k = 2 * i + 2;
+		if (j < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
+			min = j;
+		}
+		if (k < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[k], &pq->heap[min])) {
+			min = k;
+		}
+
+		if (min == i) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[i], pq->heap[min]);
+		i = min;
+	}
+
+	return e;
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	if (pq->len == pq->cap) {
+		pq->cap = 2 * pq->cap + 1;
+		pq->heap = reftable_realloc(pq->heap,
+					    pq->cap * sizeof(struct pq_entry));
+	}
+
+	pq->heap[pq->len++] = e;
+	i = pq->len - 1;
+	while (i > 0) {
+		int j = (i - 1) / 2;
+		if (pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i]);
+
+		i = j;
+	}
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < pq->len; i++) {
+		reftable_record_destroy(&pq->heap[i].rec);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(pq->heap);
+	pq->len = pq->cap = 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/pq.h b/reftable/pq.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..56fc1b6d873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef PQ_H
+#define PQ_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+struct pq_entry {
+	int index;
+	struct reftable_record rec;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter_pqueue {
+	struct pq_entry *heap;
+	size_t len;
+	size_t cap;
+};
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/pq_test.c b/reftable/pq_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aaa86d12247
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
+		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
+
+		assert(pq_less(&pq.heap[parent], &pq.heap[i]));
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_pq(void)
+{
+	char *names[54] = { NULL };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names) - 1;
+
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq = { NULL };
+	const char *last = NULL;
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%02d", i);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+	}
+
+	i = 1;
+	do {
+		struct reftable_record rec =
+			reftable_new_record(BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+		struct pq_entry e = { 0 };
+
+		reftable_record_as_ref(&rec)->refname = names[i];
+		e.rec = rec;
+		merged_iter_pqueue_add(&pq, e);
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+		i = (i * 7) % N;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry e = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&pq);
+		struct reftable_ref_record *ref =
+			reftable_record_as_ref(&e.rec);
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+
+		if (last) {
+			EXPECT(strcmp(last, ref->refname) < 0);
+		}
+		last = ref->refname;
+		ref->refname = NULL;
+		reftable_free(ref);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&pq);
+}
+
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_pq);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 3d541fa5c0c..0019cbcfa49 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 898aba836fd..0b5a1701df1 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 15/19] reftable: add merged table view
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (13 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (6 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This adds an abstract, read-only interface to the ref database.

This primitive is used to construct the read view of the ref database
(the read view is constructed by merging several *.ref files). It also
provides the mechanism to provide a unified view of the refs in the main
repository and the per-worktree refs.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/merged.c          | 362 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/merged.h          |  35 ++++
 reftable/merged_test.c     | 292 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-merged.h |  72 ++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |   1 +
 6 files changed, 764 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d2c9b0097a7..27f29779c9a 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2462,6 +2462,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/merged.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
@@ -2473,6 +2474,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/merged.c b/reftable/merged.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e5b53da6db3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.c
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static int merged_iter_init(struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+		int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[i], &rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+			reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		} else {
+			struct pq_entry e = {
+				.rec = rec,
+				.index = i,
+			};
+			merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void merged_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	int i = 0;
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&mi->pq);
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(mi->stack);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi,
+					       size_t idx)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+	struct pq_entry e = {
+		.rec = rec,
+		.index = idx,
+	};
+	int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[idx], &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (err > 0) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[idx]);
+		reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi, size_t idx)
+{
+	if (iterator_is_null(&mi->stack[idx]))
+		return 0;
+	return merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(mi, idx);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_entry(struct merged_iter *mi,
+				  struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf entry_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pq_entry entry = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	entry = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+	err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, entry.index);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	  One can also use reftable as datacenter-local storage, where the ref
+	  database is maintained in globally consistent database (eg.
+	  CockroachDB or Spanner). In this scenario, replication delays together
+	  with compaction may cause newer tables to contain older entries. In
+	  such a deployment, the loop below must be changed to collect all
+	  entries for the same key, and return new the newest one.
+	*/
+	reftable_record_key(&entry.rec, &entry_key);
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry top = merged_iter_pqueue_top(mi->pq);
+		struct strbuf k = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int err = 0, cmp = 0;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&top.rec, &k);
+
+		cmp = strbuf_cmp(&k, &entry_key);
+		strbuf_release(&k);
+
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+		err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, top.index);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_record_destroy(&top.rec);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_copy_from(rec, &entry.rec, hash_size(mi->hash_id));
+	reftable_record_destroy(&entry.rec);
+	strbuf_release(&entry_key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next(struct merged_iter *mi, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		int err = merged_iter_next_entry(mi, rec);
+		if (err == 0 && mi->suppress_deletions &&
+		    reftable_record_is_deletion(rec)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		return err;
+	}
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_void(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	return merged_iter_next(mi, rec);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable merged_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &merged_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &merged_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_merged_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = mi;
+	it->ops = &merged_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_merged_table *m = NULL;
+	uint64_t last_max = 0;
+	uint64_t first_min = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t min = reftable_table_min_update_index(&stack[i]);
+		uint64_t max = reftable_table_max_update_index(&stack[i]);
+
+		if (reftable_table_hash_id(&stack[i]) != hash_id) {
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || min < first_min) {
+			first_min = min;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || max > last_max) {
+			last_max = max;
+		}
+	}
+
+	m = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_merged_table));
+	m->stack = stack;
+	m->stack_len = n;
+	m->min = first_min;
+	m->max = last_max;
+	m->hash_id = hash_id;
+	*dest = m;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* clears the list of subtable, without affecting the readers themselves. */
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mt->stack);
+	mt->stack_len = 0;
+}
+
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	if (!mt) {
+		return;
+	}
+	merged_table_release(mt);
+	reftable_free(mt);
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->max;
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->min;
+}
+
+static int reftable_table_seek_record(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, rec);
+}
+
+static int merged_table_seek_record(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator *iters = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_iterator) * mt->stack_len);
+	struct merged_iter merged = {
+		.stack = iters,
+		.typ = reftable_record_type(rec),
+		.hash_id = mt->hash_id,
+		.suppress_deletions = mt->suppress_deletions,
+	};
+	int n = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mt->stack_len && err == 0; i++) {
+		int e = reftable_table_seek_record(&mt->stack[i], &iters[n],
+						   rec);
+		if (e < 0) {
+			err = e;
+		}
+		if (e == 0) {
+			n++;
+		}
+	}
+	if (err < 0) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&iters[i]);
+		}
+		reftable_free(iters);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	merged.stack_len = n;
+	err = merged_iter_init(&merged);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		merged_iter_close(&merged);
+		return err;
+	} else {
+		struct merged_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct merged_iter));
+		*p = merged;
+		iterator_from_merged_iter(it, p);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(mt, it, name, max);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->hash_id;
+}
+
+static int reftable_merged_table_seek_void(void *tab,
+					   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					   struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return merged_table_seek_record(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable merged_table_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_merged_table_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *merged)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &merged_table_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = merged;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/merged.h b/reftable/merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8c4d4d58d77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef MERGED_H
+#define MERGED_H
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+struct reftable_merged_table {
+	struct reftable_table *stack;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	int suppress_deletions;
+
+	uint64_t min;
+	uint64_t max;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter {
+	struct reftable_iterator *stack;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	int suppress_deletions;
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq;
+};
+
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/merged_test.c b/reftable/merged_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..da607401141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static void write_test_table(struct strbuf *buf,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record refs[], int n)
+{
+	int min = 0xffffffff;
+	int max = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t ui = refs[i].update_index;
+		if (ui > max) {
+			max = ui;
+		}
+		if (ui < min) {
+			min = ui;
+		}
+	}
+
+	w = reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, min, max);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t before = refs[i].update_index;
+		int n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+		EXPECT(before == refs[i].update_index);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_merged_table *
+merged_table_from_records(struct reftable_ref_record **refs,
+			  struct reftable_block_source **source,
+			  struct reftable_reader ***readers, int *sizes,
+			  struct strbuf *buf, int n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_table *tabs =
+		reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_table));
+	*readers = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_reader *));
+	*source = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(**source));
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		write_test_table(&buf[i], refs[i], sizes[i]);
+		block_source_from_strbuf(&(*source)[i], &buf[i]);
+
+		err = reftable_new_reader(&(*readers)[i], &(*source)[i],
+					  "name");
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&tabs[i], (*readers)[i]);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, tabs, n, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	return mt;
+}
+
+static void readers_destroy(struct reftable_reader **readers, size_t n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < n; i++)
+		reftable_reader_free(readers[i]);
+	reftable_free(readers);
+}
+
+static void test_merged_between(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 0 };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = { {
+		.refname = "b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+		.value.val1 = hash1,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2 };
+	int sizes[] = { 1, 1 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[2] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 2);
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(ref.update_index == 2);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	readers_destroy(readers, 2);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bufs); i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_merged(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1 };
+	uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 2 };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		}
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r3[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash2,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "d",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
+		r2[0],
+		r1[1],
+		r3[0],
+		r3[1],
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
+	int sizes[3] = { 3, 1, 2 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[3] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 3);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	struct reftable_ref_record *out = NULL;
+	size_t len = 0;
+	size_t cap = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	while (len < 100) { /* cap loops/recursion. */
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (len == cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			out = reftable_realloc(
+				out, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record) * cap);
+		}
+		out[len++] = ref;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	EXPECT(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&out[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(out);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	readers_destroy(readers, 3);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_default_write_opts(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_table *tab = reftable_calloc(sizeof(*tab) * 1);
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id(rd);
+	EXPECT(hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab[0], rd);
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&merged, tab, 1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(merged);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+/* XXX test refs_for(oid) */
+
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged_between);
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged);
+	RUN_TEST(test_default_write_opts);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-merged.h b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a6d16915ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+#define REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+/*
+ * Merged tables
+ *
+ * A ref database kept in a sequence of table files. The merged_table presents a
+ * unified view to reading (seeking, iterating) a sequence of immutable tables.
+ *
+ * The merged tables are on purpose kept disconnected from their actual storage
+ * (eg. files on disk), because it is useful to merge tables aren't files. For
+ * example, the per-workspace and global ref namespace can be implemented as a
+ * merged table of two stacks of file-backed reftables.
+ */
+
+/* A merged table is implements seeking/iterating over a stack of tables. */
+struct reftable_merged_table;
+
+/* A generic reftable; see below. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_merged_table creates a new merged table. It takes ownership of
+   the stack array.
+*/
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* returns an iterator positioned just before 'name' */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns an iterator for log entry, at given update_index */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* like reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at but look for the newest entry. */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* releases memory for the merged_table */
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* return the hash ID of the merged table. */
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* create a generic table from reftable_merged_table */
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *table);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 0b5a1701df1..8087f2da4e6 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (14 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (5 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The packed/loose format has restrictions on refnames: a and a/b cannot
coexist. This limitation does not apply to reftable per se, but must be
maintained for interoperability. This code adds validation routines to
abort transactions that are trying to add invalid names.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   1 +
 reftable/refname.c       | 209 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/refname.h       |  29 ++++++
 reftable/refname_test.c  | 102 +++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 342 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 27f29779c9a..76761ef16a6 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2478,6 +2478,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/refname.c b/reftable/refname.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95734969324
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.c
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct find_arg {
+	char **names;
+	const char *want;
+};
+
+static int find_name(size_t k, void *arg)
+{
+	struct find_arg *f_arg = arg;
+	return strcmp(f_arg->names[k], f_arg->want) >= 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref(struct modification *mod, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len && !strcmp(mod->add[idx], name)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->del,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->del_len && !strcmp(mod->del[idx], name)) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_table_read_ref(&mod->tab, name, &ref);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void modification_release(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	/* don't delete the strings themselves; they're owned by ref records.
+	 */
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->add);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->del);
+	mod->add_len = 0;
+	mod->del_len = 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref_with_prefix(struct modification *mod,
+					    const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = prefix,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len &&
+		    !strncmp(prefix, mod->add[idx], strlen(prefix)))
+			goto done;
+	}
+	err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&mod->tab, &it, prefix);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+			struct find_arg arg = {
+				.names = mod->del,
+				.want = ref.refname,
+			};
+			int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+			if (idx < mod->del_len &&
+			    !strcmp(ref.refname, mod->del[idx])) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (strncmp(ref.refname, prefix, strlen(prefix))) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int validate_refname(const char *name)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		char *next = strchr(name, '/');
+		if (!*name) {
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (!next) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (next - name == 0 || (next - name == 1 && *name == '.') ||
+		    (next - name == 2 && name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.'))
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		name = next + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz)
+{
+	struct modification mod = {
+		.tab = tab,
+		.add = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+		.del = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	for (; i < sz; i++) {
+		if (reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&recs[i])) {
+			mod.del[mod.del_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		} else {
+			mod.add[mod.add_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = modification_validate(&mod);
+	modification_release(&mod);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void strbuf_trim_component(struct strbuf *sl)
+{
+	while (sl->len > 0) {
+		int is_slash = (sl->buf[sl->len - 1] == '/');
+		strbuf_setlen(sl, sl->len - 1);
+		if (is_slash)
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	struct strbuf slashed = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < mod->add_len; i++) {
+		err = validate_refname(mod->add[i]);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, "/");
+
+		err = modification_has_ref_with_prefix(mod, slashed.buf);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		while (slashed.len) {
+			strbuf_trim_component(&slashed);
+			err = modification_has_ref(mod, slashed.buf);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+				goto done;
+			}
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+	}
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&slashed);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/refname.h b/reftable/refname.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a24b40fcb42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+#ifndef REFNAME_H
+#define REFNAME_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+struct modification {
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+
+	char **add;
+	size_t add_len;
+
+	char **del;
+	size_t del_len;
+};
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz);
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/refname_test.c b/reftable/refname_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8645cd93bbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct testcase {
+	char *add;
+	char *del;
+	int error_code;
+};
+
+static void test_conflict(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "destination", /* make sure it's not a symref.
+						*/
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct testcase cases[] = {
+		{ "a/b/c", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "b", NULL, 0 },
+		{ "a", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "a", "a/b", 0 },
+
+		{ "p/", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p//q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/./q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/../q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+
+		{ "a/b/c", "a/b", 0 },
+		{ NULL, "a//b", 0 },
+	};
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, rd);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct modification mod = {
+			.tab = tab,
+		};
+
+		if (cases[i].add) {
+			mod.add = &cases[i].add;
+			mod.add_len = 1;
+		}
+		if (cases[i].del) {
+			mod.del = &cases[i].del;
+			mod.del_len = 1;
+		}
+
+		err = modification_validate(&mod);
+		EXPECT(err == cases[i].error_code);
+	}
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_conflict);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 8087f2da4e6..c8db6852c35 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (15 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (4 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |    1 +
 reftable/reftable-stack.h |  128 ++++
 reftable/stack.c          | 1396 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h          |   41 ++
 reftable/stack_test.c     |  949 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |    1 +
 6 files changed, 2516 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 76761ef16a6..619b1b15ce0 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2479,6 +2479,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/stack_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-stack.h b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b602dda58a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_STACK_H
+#define REFTABLE_STACK_H
+
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+/*
+ * The stack presents an interface to a mutable sequence of reftables.
+
+ * A stack can be mutated by pushing a table to the top of the stack.
+
+ * The reftable_stack automatically compacts files on disk to ensure good
+ * amortized performance.
+ *
+ * For windows and other platforms that cannot have open files as rename
+ * destinations, concurrent access from multiple processes needs the rand()
+ * random seed to be randomized.
+ */
+struct reftable_stack;
+
+/* open a new reftable stack. The tables along with the table list will be
+ *  stored in 'dir'. Typically, this should be .git/reftables.
+ */
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config);
+
+/* returns the update_index at which a next table should be written. */
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* holds a transaction to add tables at the top of a stack. */
+struct reftable_addition;
+
+/*
+ * returns a new transaction to add reftables to the given stack. As a side
+ * effect, the ref database is locked.
+ */
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Adds a reftable to transaction. */
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg);
+
+/* Commits the transaction, releasing the lock. After calling this,
+ * reftable_addition_destroy should still be called.
+ */
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* Release all non-committed data from the transaction, and deallocate the
+ * transaction. Releases the lock if held. */
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* add a new table to the stack. The write_table function must call
+ * reftable_writer_set_limits, add refs and return an error value. */
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					  void *write_arg),
+		       void *write_arg);
+
+/* returns the merged_table for seeking. This table is valid until the
+ * next write or reload, and should not be closed or deleted.
+ */
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* frees all resources associated with the stack. */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Reloads the stack if necessary. This is very cheap to run if the stack was up
+ * to date */
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Policy for expiring reflog entries. */
+struct reftable_log_expiry_config {
+	/* Drop entries older than this timestamp */
+	uint64_t time;
+
+	/* Drop older entries */
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+};
+
+/* compacts all reftables into a giant table. Expire reflog entries if config is
+ * non-NULL */
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+
+/* heuristically compact unbalanced table stack. */
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* delete stale .ref tables. */
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single log. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* statistics on past compactions. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats {
+	uint64_t bytes; /* total number of bytes written */
+	uint64_t entries_written; /* total number of entries written, including
+				     failures. */
+	int attempts; /* how often we tried to compact */
+	int failures; /* failures happen on concurrent updates */
+};
+
+/* return statistics for compaction up till now. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* print the entire stack represented by the directory */
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack.c b/reftable/stack.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48e22a6c184
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "writer.h"
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg);
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name);
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add);
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open);
+
+static void stack_filename(struct strbuf *dest, struct reftable_stack *st,
+			   const char *name)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, st->reftable_dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, "/");
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, name);
+}
+
+static ssize_t reftable_fd_write(void *arg, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	int *fdp = (int *)arg;
+	return write(*fdp, data, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *p =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_stack));
+	struct strbuf list_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (config.hash_id == 0) {
+		config.hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+
+	*dest = NULL;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&list_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, "/tables.list");
+
+	p->list_file = strbuf_detach(&list_file_name, NULL);
+	p->reftable_dir = xstrdup(dir);
+	p->config = config;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(p, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(p);
+	} else {
+		*dest = p;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int fd_read_lines(int fd, char ***namesp)
+{
+	off_t size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+	char *buf = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (size < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	buf = reftable_malloc(size + 1);
+	if (read(fd, buf, size) != size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	buf[size] = 0;
+
+	parse_names(buf, size, namesp);
+
+done:
+	reftable_free(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***namesp)
+{
+	int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY, 0644);
+	int err = 0;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			*namesp = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+	err = fd_read_lines(fd, namesp);
+	close(fd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return st->merged;
+}
+
+static int has_name(char **names, const char *name)
+{
+	while (*names) {
+		if (!strcmp(*names, name))
+			return 1;
+		names++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Close and free the stack */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+		st->merged = NULL;
+	}
+
+	err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(names);
+	}
+
+	if (st->readers) {
+		int i = 0;
+		struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+		for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(st->readers[i]);
+			strbuf_reset(&filename);
+			if (names && !has_name(names, name)) {
+				stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+			}
+			reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+
+			if (filename.len) {
+				/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+				unlink(filename.buf);
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&filename);
+		st->readers_len = 0;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->list_file);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->reftable_dir);
+	reftable_free(st);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader **stack_copy_readers(struct reftable_stack *st,
+						   int cur_len)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader **cur =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * cur_len);
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		cur[i] = st->readers[i];
+	}
+	return cur;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_once(struct reftable_stack *st, char **names,
+				      int reuse_open)
+{
+	int cur_len = !st->merged ? 0 : st->merged->stack_len;
+	struct reftable_reader **cur = stack_copy_readers(st, cur_len);
+	int err = 0;
+	int names_len = names_length(names);
+	struct reftable_reader **new_readers =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * names_len);
+	struct reftable_table *new_tables =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_table) * names_len);
+	int new_readers_len = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *new_merged = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	while (*names) {
+		struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+		char *name = *names++;
+
+		/* this is linear; we assume compaction keeps the number of
+		   tables under control so this is not quadratic. */
+		int j = 0;
+		for (j = 0; reuse_open && j < cur_len; j++) {
+			if (cur[j] && 0 == strcmp(cur[j]->name, name)) {
+				rd = cur[j];
+				cur[j] = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!rd) {
+			struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+			struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+			err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src,
+							      table_path.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&table_path);
+
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+
+			err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+
+		new_readers[new_readers_len] = rd;
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&new_tables[new_readers_len], rd);
+		new_readers_len++;
+	}
+
+	/* success! */
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&new_merged, new_tables,
+					new_readers_len, st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	new_tables = NULL;
+	st->readers_len = new_readers_len;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		merged_table_release(st->merged);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+	}
+	if (st->readers) {
+		reftable_free(st->readers);
+	}
+	st->readers = new_readers;
+	new_readers = NULL;
+	new_readers_len = 0;
+
+	new_merged->suppress_deletions = 1;
+	st->merged = new_merged;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		if (cur[i]) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(cur[i]);
+			struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+
+			reader_close(cur[i]);
+			reftable_reader_free(cur[i]);
+
+			/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+			unlink(filename.buf);
+
+			strbuf_release(&filename);
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < new_readers_len; i++) {
+		reader_close(new_readers[i]);
+		reftable_reader_free(new_readers[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(new_readers);
+	reftable_free(new_tables);
+	reftable_free(cur);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* return negative if a before b. */
+static int tv_cmp(struct timeval *a, struct timeval *b)
+{
+	time_t diff = a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec;
+	int udiff = a->tv_usec - b->tv_usec;
+
+	if (diff != 0)
+		return diff;
+
+	return udiff;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open)
+{
+	struct timeval deadline = { 0 };
+	int err = gettimeofday(&deadline, NULL);
+	int64_t delay = 0;
+	int tries = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	deadline.tv_sec += 3;
+	while (1) {
+		char **names = NULL;
+		char **names_after = NULL;
+		struct timeval now = { 0 };
+		int err = gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+		int err2 = 0;
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* Only look at deadlines after the first few times. This
+		   simplifies debugging in GDB */
+		tries++;
+		if (tries > 3 && tv_cmp(&now, &deadline) >= 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+		err = reftable_stack_reload_once(st, names, reuse_open);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err != REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* err == REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR can be caused by a concurrent
+		   writer. Check if there was one by checking if the name list
+		   changed.
+		*/
+		err2 = read_lines(st->list_file, &names_after);
+		if (err2 < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err2;
+		}
+
+		if (names_equal(names_after, names)) {
+			free_names(names);
+			free_names(names_after);
+			return err;
+		}
+		free_names(names);
+		free_names(names_after);
+
+		delay = delay + (delay * rand()) / RAND_MAX + 1;
+		sleep_millisec(delay);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* -1 = error
+ 0 = up to date
+ 1 = changed. */
+static int stack_uptodate(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	int i = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		if (!names[i]) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if (strcmp(st->readers[i]->name, names[i])) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (names[st->merged->stack_len]) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(names);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err > 0)
+		return reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, 1);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write)(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg),
+		       void *arg)
+{
+	int err = stack_try_add(st, write, arg);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		if (err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR) {
+			/* Ignore error return, we want to propagate
+			   REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR.
+			*/
+			reftable_stack_reload(st);
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if (!st->disable_auto_compact)
+		return reftable_stack_auto_compact(st);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void format_name(struct strbuf *dest, uint64_t min, uint64_t max)
+{
+	char buf[100];
+	uint32_t rnd = (uint32_t)rand();
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0x%012" PRIx64 "-0x%012" PRIx64 "-%08x",
+		 min, max, rnd);
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, buf);
+}
+
+struct reftable_addition {
+	int lock_file_fd;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name;
+	struct reftable_stack *stack;
+
+	char **new_tables;
+	int new_tables_len;
+	uint64_t next_update_index;
+};
+
+#define REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT                \
+	{                                     \
+		.lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int reftable_stack_init_addition(struct reftable_addition *add,
+					struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	add->stack = st;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&add->lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	add->lock_file_fd = open(add->lock_file_name.buf,
+				 O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (add->lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 1) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->next_update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st);
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_addition_close(add);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct strbuf nm = STRBUF_INIT;
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		stack_filename(&nm, add->stack, add->new_tables[i]);
+		unlink(nm.buf);
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+		add->new_tables[i] = NULL;
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	if (add->lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(add->lock_file_fd);
+		add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (add->lock_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(add->lock_file_name.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&nm);
+}
+
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	if (!add) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	reftable_free(add);
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	struct strbuf table_list = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (add->new_tables_len == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < add->stack->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->stack->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->new_tables[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(add->lock_file_fd, table_list.buf, table_list.len);
+	strbuf_release(&table_list);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = close(add->lock_file_fd);
+	add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(add->lock_file_name.buf, add->stack->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* success, no more state to clean up. */
+	strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(add->stack);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_addition empty = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	*dest = reftable_calloc(sizeof(**dest));
+	**dest = empty;
+	err = reftable_stack_init_addition(*dest, st);
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_free(*dest);
+		*dest = NULL;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition add = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	int err = reftable_stack_init_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(&add, write_table, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(&add);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(&add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	int tab_fd = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&next_name);
+	format_name(&next_name, add->next_update_index, add->next_update_index);
+
+	stack_filename(&temp_tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_tab_file_name, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (tab_fd < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd,
+				 &add->stack->config);
+	err = write_table(wr, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = stack_check_addition(add->stack, temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (wr->min_update_index < add->next_update_index) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	format_name(&next_name, wr->min_update_index, wr->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&next_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+
+	/*
+	  On windows, this relies on rand() picking a unique destination name.
+	  Maybe we should do retry loop as well?
+	 */
+	err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->new_tables = reftable_realloc(add->new_tables,
+					   sizeof(*add->new_tables) *
+						   (add->new_tables_len + 1));
+	add->new_tables[add->new_tables_len] = strbuf_detach(&next_name, NULL);
+	add->new_tables_len++;
+done:
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (temp_tab_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int sz = st->merged->stack_len;
+	if (sz > 0)
+		return reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[sz - 1]) +
+		       1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_locked(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+				struct strbuf *temp_tab,
+				struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int tab_fd = -1;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	format_name(&next_name,
+		    reftable_reader_min_update_index(st->readers[first]),
+		    reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[last]));
+
+	stack_filename(temp_tab, st, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(temp_tab, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab->buf);
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd, &st->config);
+
+	err = stack_write_compact(st, wr, first, last, config);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+
+done:
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (err != 0 && temp_tab->len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab->buf);
+		strbuf_release(temp_tab);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int subtabs_len = last - first + 1;
+	struct reftable_table *subtabs = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_table) * (last - first + 1));
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+	uint64_t entries = 0;
+
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct reftable_reader *t = st->readers[i];
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&subtabs[j++], t);
+		st->stats.bytes += t->size;
+	}
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+				   st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, subtabs, subtabs_len,
+					st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(subtabs);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&ref)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, &ref);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_log_record_is_deletion(&log)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->min_update_index > 0 &&
+		    log.update_index < config->min_update_index) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->time > 0 &&
+		    log.value.update.time < config->time) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(wr, &log);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	if (mt) {
+		merged_table_release(mt);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	}
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	st->stats.entries_written += entries;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* <  0: error. 0 == OK, > 0 attempt failed; could retry. */
+static int stack_compact_range(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *expiry)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf ref_list_contents = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int have_lock = 0;
+	int lock_file_fd = 0;
+	int compact_count = last - first + 1;
+	char **listp = NULL;
+	char **delete_on_success =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	char **subtable_locks =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	int i = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+	int is_empty_table = 0;
+
+	if (first > last || (!expiry && first == last)) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	st->stats.attempts++;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	/* Don't want to write to the lock for now.  */
+	close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+
+	have_lock = 1;
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct strbuf subtab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf subtab_lock = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int sublock_file_fd = -1;
+
+		stack_filename(&subtab_file_name, st,
+			       reader_name(st->readers[i]));
+
+		strbuf_reset(&subtab_lock);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&subtab_lock, &subtab_file_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&subtab_lock, ".lock");
+
+		sublock_file_fd = open(subtab_lock.buf,
+				       O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+		if (sublock_file_fd > 0) {
+			close(sublock_file_fd);
+		} else if (sublock_file_fd < 0) {
+			if (errno == EEXIST) {
+				err = 1;
+			} else {
+				err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			}
+		}
+
+		subtable_locks[j] = subtab_lock.buf;
+		delete_on_success[j] = subtab_file_name.buf;
+		j++;
+
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	err = stack_compact_locked(st, first, last, &temp_tab_file_name,
+				   expiry);
+	/* Compaction + tombstones can create an empty table out of non-empty
+	 * tables. */
+	is_empty_table = (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	if (is_empty_table) {
+		err = 0;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 1;
+
+	format_name(&new_table_name, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+		    st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_table_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&new_table_path, st, new_table_name.buf);
+
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		/* retry? */
+		err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, new_table_path.buf);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < first; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&ref_list_contents, &new_table_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = last + 1; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(lock_file_fd, ref_list_contents.buf, ref_list_contents.len);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(lock_file_name.buf, st->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	/* Reload the stack before deleting. On windows, we can only delete the
+	   files after we closed them.
+	*/
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, first < last);
+
+	listp = delete_on_success;
+	while (*listp) {
+		if (strcmp(*listp, new_table_path.buf)) {
+			unlink(*listp);
+		}
+		listp++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(delete_on_success);
+
+	listp = subtable_locks;
+	while (*listp) {
+		unlink(*listp);
+		listp++;
+	}
+	free_names(subtable_locks);
+	if (lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(lock_file_fd);
+		lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (have_lock) {
+		unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_name);
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_path);
+	strbuf_release(&ref_list_contents);
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&lock_file_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	return stack_compact_range(st, 0, st->merged->stack_len - 1, config);
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_range_stats(struct reftable_stack *st, int first,
+				     int last,
+				     struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int err = stack_compact_range(st, first, last, config);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		st->stats.failures++;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int segment_size(struct segment *s)
+{
+	return s->end - s->start;
+}
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz)
+{
+	int l = 0;
+	if (sz == 0)
+		return 0;
+	for (; sz; sz /= 2) {
+		l++;
+	}
+	return l - 1;
+}
+
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	struct segment *segs = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct segment) * n);
+	int next = 0;
+	struct segment cur = { 0 };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (n == 0) {
+		*seglen = 0;
+		return segs;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		int log = fastlog2(sizes[i]);
+		if (cur.log != log && cur.bytes > 0) {
+			struct segment fresh = {
+				.start = i,
+			};
+
+			segs[next++] = cur;
+			cur = fresh;
+		}
+
+		cur.log = log;
+		cur.end = i + 1;
+		cur.bytes += sizes[i];
+	}
+	segs[next++] = cur;
+	*seglen = next;
+	return segs;
+}
+
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, n);
+	struct segment min_seg = {
+		.log = 64,
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < seglen; i++) {
+		if (segment_size(&segs[i]) == 1) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (segs[i].log < min_seg.log) {
+			min_seg = segs[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (min_seg.start > 0) {
+		int prev = min_seg.start - 1;
+		if (fastlog2(min_seg.bytes) < fastlog2(sizes[prev])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		min_seg.start = prev;
+		min_seg.bytes += sizes[prev];
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(segs);
+	return min_seg;
+}
+
+static uint64_t *stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(uint64_t) * st->merged->stack_len);
+	int version = (st->config.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ? 1 : 2;
+	int overhead = header_size(version) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		sizes[i] = st->readers[i]->size - overhead;
+	}
+	return sizes;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes = stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(st);
+	struct segment seg =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, st->merged->stack_len);
+	reftable_free(sizes);
+	if (segment_size(&seg) > 0)
+		return stack_compact_range_stats(st, seg.start, seg.end - 1,
+						 NULL);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return &st->stats;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	return reftable_table_read_ref(&tab, refname, ref);
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = reftable_stack_merged_table(st);
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, refname);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, log);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(log->refname, refname) ||
+	    reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log)) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(log);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int cap = 0;
+	int len = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (st->config.skip_name_check)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (len >= cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			refs = reftable_realloc(refs, cap * sizeof(refs[0]));
+		}
+
+		refs[len++] = ref;
+	}
+
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+
+	err = validate_ref_record_addition(tab, refs, len);
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+	}
+
+	free(refs);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int is_table_name(const char *s)
+{
+	const char *dot = strrchr(s, '.');
+	return dot && !strcmp(dot, ".ref");
+}
+
+static void remove_maybe_stale_table(struct reftable_stack *st, uint64_t max,
+				     const char *name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t update_idx = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, table_path.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	update_idx = reftable_reader_max_update_index(rd);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+
+	if (update_idx <= max) {
+		unlink(table_path.buf);
+	}
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&table_path);
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_clean_locked(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t max = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(
+		reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	DIR *dir = opendir(st->reftable_dir);
+	struct dirent *d = NULL;
+	if (!dir) {
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		int i = 0;
+		int found = 0;
+		if (!is_table_name(d->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		for (i = 0; !found && i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			found = !strcmp(reader_name(st->readers[i]), d->d_name);
+		}
+		if (found)
+			continue;
+
+		remove_maybe_stale_table(st, max, d->d_name);
+	}
+
+	closedir(dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+	int err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean_locked(st);
+
+done:
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { .hash_id = hash_id };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table table = { NULL };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	merged = reftable_stack_merged_table(stack);
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&table, merged);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&table);
+done:
+	if (stack)
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/stack.h b/reftable/stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f57005846e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef STACK_H
+#define STACK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+
+struct reftable_stack {
+	char *list_file;
+	char *reftable_dir;
+	int disable_auto_compact;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options config;
+
+	struct reftable_reader **readers;
+	size_t readers_len;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged;
+	struct reftable_compaction_stats stats;
+};
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***lines);
+
+struct segment {
+	int start, end;
+	int log;
+	uint64_t bytes;
+};
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz);
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack_test.c b/reftable/stack_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a4641ab601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,949 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+
+static void clear_dir(const char *dirname)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, dirname);
+	remove_dir_recursively(&path, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+}
+
+static int count_dir_entries(const char *dirname)
+{
+	DIR *dir = opendir(dirname);
+	int len = 0;
+	struct dirent *d;
+	if (dir == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		if (!strcmp(d->d_name, "..") || !strcmp(d->d_name, "."))
+			continue;
+		len++;
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	return len;
+}
+
+// Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
+// cleanup.
+static char *get_tmp_template(int linenumber)
+{
+	const char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	static char template[1024];
+	snprintf(template, sizeof(template) - 1, "%s/stack_test-%d.XXXXXX",
+		 tmp ? tmp : "/tmp", linenumber);
+	return template;
+}
+
+static char *get_tmp_dir(int linenumber)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_template(linenumber);
+	EXPECT(mkdtemp(dir));
+	return dir;
+}
+
+static void test_read_file(void)
+{
+	char *fn = get_tmp_template(__LINE__);
+	int fd = mkstemp(fn);
+	char out[1024] = "line1\n\nline2\nline3";
+	int n, err;
+	char **names = NULL;
+	char *want[] = { "line1", "line2", "line3" };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT(fd > 0);
+	n = write(fd, out, strlen(out));
+	EXPECT(n == strlen(out));
+	err = close(fd);
+	EXPECT(err >= 0);
+
+	err = read_lines(fn, &names);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; names[i]; i++) {
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(want[i], names[i]));
+	}
+	free_names(names);
+	remove(fn);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names(void)
+{
+	char buf[] = "line\n";
+	char **names = NULL;
+	parse_names(buf, strlen(buf), &names);
+
+	EXPECT(NULL != names[0]);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[0], "line"));
+	EXPECT(NULL == names[1]);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_names_equal(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", "c", NULL };
+	char *b[] = { "a", "b", "d", NULL };
+	char *c[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+
+	EXPECT(names_equal(a, a));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, b));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, c));
+}
+
+static int write_test_ref(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = arg;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, ref->update_index, ref->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, ref);
+}
+
+struct write_log_arg {
+	struct reftable_log_record *log;
+	uint64_t update_index;
+};
+
+static int write_test_log(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct write_log_arg *wla = arg;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, wla->update_index, wla->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_log(wr, wla->log);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add_one(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	printf("testing print functionality:\n");
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_uptodate(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "branch2",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+
+	/* simulate multi-process access to the same stack
+	   by creating two stacks for the same directory.
+	 */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_transaction_api(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(add, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(add);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF == dest.value_type);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_validate_refname(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	char *additions[] = { "a", "a/b/c" };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(additions); i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = additions[i],
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static int write_error(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	return *((int *)arg);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_update_index_check(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "name1",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "name2",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_lock_failure(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err, i;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	for (i = -1; i != REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR; i--) {
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_error, &i);
+		EXPECT(err == i);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		.exact_log_message = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	st->disable_auto_compact = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = N + i + 1;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&dest, refs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_log_record dest = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&dest, logs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_log_normalize(void)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		0,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	uint8_t h1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x01 }, h2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x02 };
+
+	struct reftable_log_record input = { .refname = "branch",
+					     .update_index = 1,
+					     .value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+					     .value = { .update = {
+								.new_hash = h1,
+								.old_hash = h2,
+							} } };
+	struct reftable_log_record dest = {
+		.update_index = 0,
+	};
+	struct write_log_arg arg = {
+		.log = &input,
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one\ntwo";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "one\n"));
+
+	input.value.update.message = "two\n";
+	arg.update_index = 2;
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "two\n"));
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_tombstone(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log_dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* even entries add the refs, odd entries delete them. */
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		const char *buf = "branch";
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+			refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+		}
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		/* update_index is part of the key. */
+		logs[i].update_index = 42;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+			logs[i].value.update.new_hash =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+			logs[i].value.update.email =
+				xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_hash_id(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "target",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg32 = { .hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID };
+	struct reftable_stack *st32 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg_default = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st_default = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* can't read it with the wrong hash ID. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st32, dir, cfg32);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	/* check that we can read it back with default config too. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st_default, dir, cfg_default);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st_default, "master", &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&ref, &dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st_default);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_log2(void)
+{
+	EXPECT(1 == fastlog2(3));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(4));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(5));
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 };
+	/* .................0  1  2  3  4  5 */
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(segs[2].log == 3);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].start == 5);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].end == 6);
+
+	EXPECT(segs[1].log == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].start == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].end == 5);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_empty(void)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, NULL, 0);
+	EXPECT(seglen == 0);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 5, 5 };
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(seglen == 1);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].start == 0);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].end == 2);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 128, 64, 17, 16, 9, 9, 9, 16, 16 };
+	/* .................0    1    2  3   4  5  6 */
+	struct segment min =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(min.start == 2);
+	EXPECT(min.end == 7);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 };
+	struct segment result =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(result.start == result.end);
+}
+
+static void test_reflog_expire(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[20] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(logs) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_log_expiry_config expiry = {
+		.time = 10,
+	};
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = i;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		logs[i].value.update.time = i;
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[9].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[11].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	expiry.min_update_index = 15;
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[14].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[16].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i <= N; i++) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+}
+
+static int write_nothing(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, 1, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void test_empty_add(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_nothing, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 100;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+		EXPECT(i < 3 || st->merged->stack_len < 2 * fastlog2(i));
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_stack_compaction_stats(st)->entries_written <
+	       (uint64_t)(N * fastlog2(N)));
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void unclean_stack_close(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	// break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown.
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+	}
+	st->readers_len = 0;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL, *st3 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	unclean_stack_close(st1);
+	unclean_stack_close(st2);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st3, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean(st3);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st3);
+
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_empty_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log2);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names);
+	RUN_TEST(test_read_file);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reflog_expire);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add_one);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_hash_id);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_lock_failure);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_log_normalize);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_tombstone);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_transaction_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_update_index_check);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_uptodate);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_validate_refname);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c8db6852c35..996da85f7b5 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
+	stack_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 18/19] reftable: add dump utility
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (16 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (3 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

provide a command-line utility for inspecting individual tables, and
inspecting a complete ref database

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/dump.c | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 107 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c

diff --git a/reftable/dump.c b/reftable/dump.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..155953d1b82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/dump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static int compact_stack(const char *stackdir)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(stack, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+done:
+	if (stack) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void print_help(void)
+{
+	printf("usage: dump [-cst] arg\n\n"
+	       "options: \n"
+	       "  -c compact\n"
+	       "  -t dump table\n"
+	       "  -s dump stack\n"
+	       "  -6 sha256 hash format\n"
+	       "  -h this help\n"
+	       "\n");
+}
+
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int opt_dump_table = 0;
+	int opt_dump_stack = 0;
+	int opt_compact = 0;
+	uint32_t opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	const char *arg = NULL, *argv0 = argv[0];
+
+	for (; argc > 1; argv++, argc--)
+		if (*argv[1] != '-')
+			break;
+		else if (!strcmp("-t", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_table = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-6", argv[1]))
+			opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID;
+		else if (!strcmp("-s", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_stack = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-c", argv[1]))
+			opt_compact = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-?", argv[1]) || !strcmp("-h", argv[1])) {
+			print_help();
+			return 2;
+		}
+
+	if (argc != 2) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "need argument\n");
+		print_help();
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	arg = argv[1];
+
+	if (opt_dump_table) {
+		err = reftable_reader_print_file(arg);
+	} else if (opt_dump_stack) {
+		err = reftable_stack_print_directory(arg, opt_hash_id);
+	} else if (opt_compact) {
+		err = compact_stack(arg);
+	}
+
+	if (err < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", argv0, arg,
+			reftable_error_str(err));
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v2 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (17 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 18:47   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-09 20:02   ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Junio C Hamano
                     ` (2 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-09 18:47 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This command dumps individual tables or a stack of of tables.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 | 1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c | 5 +++++
 t/helper/test-tool.c     | 1 +
 t/helper/test-tool.h     | 1 +
 4 files changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 619b1b15ce0..8ec68a70405 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2474,6 +2474,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/dump.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 996da85f7b5..26b03d7b789 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -14,3 +14,8 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	return reftable_dump_main(argc, (char *const *)argv);
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index f7c888ffda7..338a57b104d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
 	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
+	{ "dump-reftable", cmd__dump_reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 25f77469146..48cee1f4a2d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ int cmd__dump_cache_tree(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_fsmonitor(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_split_index(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_untracked_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__example_decorate(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__fast_rebase(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__genrandom(int argc, const char **argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (18 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-09 20:02   ` Junio C Hamano
  2021-09-09 20:32   ` Junio C Hamano
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2021-09-09 20:02 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  Cc: git, Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

"Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget" <gitgitgadget@gmail.com> writes:

> The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.
>
> This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
> file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
> not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.
>
> v2:
>
>  * fold in OpenBSD fixes by Carlo Belón.

Thanks, both.  Will replace.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (19 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 20:02   ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Junio C Hamano
@ 2021-09-09 20:32   ` Junio C Hamano
  2021-09-13 10:14     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  21 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2021-09-09 20:32 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  Cc: git, Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

"Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget" <gitgitgadget@gmail.com> writes:

> The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.
>
> This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
> file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
> not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.

Not a question for Han-Wen, but I am wondering how much style and
other consistency guidelines we have in our C code to the files in
this directory.  

I am guessing that rules like "no decl after statement" and "no decl
in the set-up part of the for loop control" (i.e. "for (int i = 0;
..."  is a no-no) should apply equally to this code, but it might be
OK to deviate from rules that are only meant to help human readers [*]
without affecting compilation.

Opinions?


[Footnote]

 * multi-line comment style.

 * asterisk sticks to identifier not to type

 * not enclosing a single-statement block inside {}

 * empty statement looks like

	; /* empty */

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-09 20:32   ` Junio C Hamano
@ 2021-09-13 10:14     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  2021-09-13 18:30       ` Junio C Hamano
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys @ 2021-09-13 10:14 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Junio C Hamano
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget, git,
	Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón, Han-Wen Nienhuys

On Thu, Sep 9, 2021 at 10:32 PM Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> wrote:
>
> "Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget" <gitgitgadget@gmail.com> writes:
>
> > The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.
> >
> > This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
> > file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
> > not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.
>
> Not a question for Han-Wen, but I am wondering how much style and
> other consistency guidelines we have in our C code to the files in
> this directory.

I am Han-Wen, but I'm not sure what you are saying here.

> I am guessing that rules like "no decl after statement" and "no decl
> in the set-up part of the for loop control" (i.e. "for (int i = 0;
> ..."  is a no-no) should apply equally to this code, but it might be
> OK to deviate from rules that are only meant to help human readers [*]
> without affecting compilation.
>
> Opinions?

The code has a different style because I wrote it separately from Git.
I'm not wedded to its current style, and most styling can easily be
changed. If you have specific things that should be addressed, let me
know.

-- 
Han-Wen Nienhuys - Google Munich
I work 80%. Don't expect answers from me on Fridays.
--

Google Germany GmbH, Erika-Mann-Strasse 33, 80636 Munich

Registergericht und -nummer: Hamburg, HRB 86891

Sitz der Gesellschaft: Hamburg

Geschäftsführer: Paul Manicle, Halimah DeLaine Prado

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-13 10:14     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
@ 2021-09-13 18:30       ` Junio C Hamano
  2021-09-13 19:29         ` Carlo Arenas
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2021-09-13 18:30 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget, git,
	Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón, Han-Wen Nienhuys

Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com> writes:

> On Thu, Sep 9, 2021 at 10:32 PM Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> wrote:
>>
>> "Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget" <gitgitgadget@gmail.com> writes:
>>
>> > The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.
>> >
>> > This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
>> > file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
>> > not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.
>>
>> Not a question for Han-Wen, but I am wondering how much style and
>> other consistency guidelines we have in our C code to the files in
>> this directory.
>
> I am Han-Wen, but I'm not sure what you are saying here.

Sorry, the sentence is unreadable because I missed a verb above
(insert "should apply" between "code" and "to").  

I was asking for opinions on how we should treat this piece of code.
We loosen "style guidelines" on borrowed code that is maintained
elsewhere to ease re-importing, but code we maintain in-tree are
subject to our style guide.  I am not sure how this part that is
meant to be reusable in other projects like libgit2 should be
treated.

>> I am guessing that rules like "no decl after statement" and "no decl
>> in the set-up part of the for loop control" (i.e. "for (int i = 0;
>> ..."  is a no-no) should apply equally to this code, but it might be
>> OK to deviate from rules that are only meant to help human readers [*]
>> without affecting compilation.
>>
>> Opinions?
>
> The code has a different style because I wrote it separately from Git.
> I'm not wedded to its current style, and most styling can easily be
> changed. If you have specific things that should be addressed, let me
> know.

The question was for other reviewers to help us come up with what
the "specific things" ought to be.  I saw style differences around
comments and code formatting (everything I listed in the footnote,
plus, // comment which I forgot to mention) which may or may not
turn out to be part of that "specific things", because they do not
break compilation.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-13 18:30       ` Junio C Hamano
@ 2021-09-13 19:29         ` Carlo Arenas
  2021-09-13 20:34           ` Junio C Hamano
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Arenas @ 2021-09-13 19:29 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Junio C Hamano
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget, git,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

On Mon, Sep 13, 2021 at 11:30 AM Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> wrote:
> Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com> writes:
> > The code has a different style because I wrote it separately from Git.
> > I'm not wedded to its current style, and most styling can easily be
> > changed. If you have specific things that should be addressed, let me
> > know.
>
> The question was for other reviewers to help us come up with what
> the "specific things" ought to be.  I saw style differences around
> comments and code formatting (everything I listed in the footnote,
> plus, // comment which I forgot to mention) which may or may not
> turn out to be part of that "specific things", because they do not
> break compilation.

they will be flagged by the compiler in pedantic mode when in gnu89 mode though

  reftable/stack_test.c:49:1: warning: C++ style comments are not
allowed in ISO C
90
     49 | // Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which
tests forget to
        | ^
  reftable/stack_test.c:49:1: note: (this will be reported only once
per input file)

and are probably an easy thing to fix

Carlo

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-13 19:29         ` Carlo Arenas
@ 2021-09-13 20:34           ` Junio C Hamano
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2021-09-13 20:34 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Carlo Arenas
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget, git,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

Carlo Arenas <carenas@gmail.com> writes:

> On Mon, Sep 13, 2021 at 11:30 AM Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> wrote:
>> Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com> writes:
>> > The code has a different style because I wrote it separately from Git.
>> > I'm not wedded to its current style, and most styling can easily be
>> > changed. If you have specific things that should be addressed, let me
>> > know.
>>
>> The question was for other reviewers to help us come up with what
>> the "specific things" ought to be.  I saw style differences around
>> comments and code formatting (everything I listed in the footnote,
>> plus, // comment which I forgot to mention) which may or may not
>> turn out to be part of that "specific things", because they do not
>> break compilation.
>
> they will be flagged by the compiler in pedantic mode when in gnu89 mode though
>
>   reftable/stack_test.c:49:1: warning: C++ style comments are not
> allowed in ISO C
> 90
>      49 | // Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which
> tests forget to
>         | ^
>   reftable/stack_test.c:49:1: note: (this will be reported only once
> per input file)
>
> and are probably an easy thing to fix

I guess I still wasn't clear enough, then.  Of course, there is no
question that we do not tolerate compilation-breaking deviation from
our coding guidelines.  The "loosening" exception I was alluding to
were those rules that do not break compilation but help human readers
due to consistent writing.  I do not think

    /* this comment
     * goes against our house style */
    int* a, b;

would be flagged by the gnu89 compiler, for example.


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-15  7:34     ` Carlo Arenas
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Arenas @ 2021-09-15  7:34 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget; +Cc: git, Han-Wen Nienhuys, Han-Wen Nienhuys

On Thu, Sep 9, 2021 at 11:47 AM Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
<gitgitgadget@gmail.com> wrote:
> diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
> index 76516aaa9a5..9beacda4434 100644
> --- a/config.mak.uname
> +++ b/config.mak.uname
> @@ -258,6 +258,11 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
>         FILENO_IS_A_MACRO = UnfortunatelyYes
>  endif
>  ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
> +       NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease

This first line is no longer needed and is counter productive
The logic in the next 4 sets this variable correctly, otherwise

> +       # Versions < 7.0 need compatibility layer
> +       ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : "[1-6]\."),2)
> +               NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = UnfortunatelyYes
> +       endif
>         NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
>         NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
>         USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease

Carlo

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v2 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-24 11:52     ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason @ 2021-09-24 11:52 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  Cc: git, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys


On Thu, Sep 09 2021, Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget wrote:

> From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
>
> The reftable format is structured as a sequence of block. Within a block,
> records are prefix compressed, with an index of offsets for fully expand keys to
> enable binary search within blocks.
> [...]
> +	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
> +		int block_header_skip = 4 + header_off;
> +		uLongf dst_len = sz - block_header_skip; /* total size of dest
> +							    buffer. */
> +		uLongf src_len = block->len - block_header_skip;
> +		/* Log blocks specify the *uncompressed* size in their header.
> +		 */
> +		uint8_t *uncompressed = reftable_malloc(sz);
> +
> +		/* Copy over the block header verbatim. It's not compressed. */
> +		memcpy(uncompressed, block->data, block_header_skip);
> +
> +		/* Uncompress */
> +		if (Z_OK !=
> +		    uncompress2(uncompressed + block_header_skip, &dst_len,
> +				block->data + block_header_skip, &src_len)) {
> +			reftable_free(uncompressed);
> +			return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
> +		}
> +
> +		if (dst_len + block_header_skip != sz)
> +			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
> +
> +		/* We're done with the input data. */
> +		reftable_block_done(block);
> +		block->data = uncompressed;
> +		block->len = sz;
> +		block->source = malloc_block_source();
> +		full_block_size = src_len + block_header_skip;

I haven't tried to re-implement this, but in 07/19 we're adding an
uncompress2() fallaback function, and here's the only place where it'll
get used.

Looking at the uncompress2() implementation isn't this a rather trivial
wrapper for something we'd get from git.git's zlib.c, i.e. you seem to
just need the "avail_in" here, which we're checking in various other
parts of the codebase.

I suspect that the reason for this is that this code is trying to keep
at arms length from the rest of git.git, but if so some ifdef here if
it's compiling in git.git seems better than having a compat interface in
git.git just for doing something its zlib.c API provides.

Anyway, re Junio's ask if this is ready for "next" in the latest What's
Cooking I don't think this should be a blocker, just wondering if
anyone's interested in some post-cleanup at some point, and whether I'm
missing something about uncompress2() v.s. zlib.c.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                     ` (20 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-09 20:32   ` Junio C Hamano
@ 2021-09-28 15:09   ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:09     ` [PATCH v3 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (21 more replies)
  21 siblings, 22 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:09 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys

The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.

This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.

v2:

 * fold in OpenBSD fixes by Carlo Belón.

Han-Wen Nienhuys (19):
  hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  reftable: add error related functionality
  reftable: utility functions
  reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  reftable: reading/writing blocks
  reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  reftable: write reftable files
  reftable: generic interface to tables
  reftable: read reftable files
  reftable: reftable file level tests
  reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  reftable: add merged table view
  reftable: implement refname validation
  reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  reftable: add dump utility
  Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.

 Makefile                                   |   53 +-
 ci/lib.sh                                  |    1 +
 compat/.gitattributes                      |    1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c                  |   95 ++
 config.mak.uname                           |    4 +
 configure.ac                               |   13 +
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |   14 +-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |   11 +-
 hash.h                                     |    6 +
 object-file.c                              |    7 +-
 reftable/LICENSE                           |   31 +
 reftable/basics.c                          |  128 ++
 reftable/basics.h                          |   60 +
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |   98 ++
 reftable/block.c                           |  439 ++++++
 reftable/block.h                           |  127 ++
 reftable/block_test.c                      |  120 ++
 reftable/blocksource.c                     |  148 +++
 reftable/blocksource.h                     |   22 +
 reftable/constants.h                       |   21 +
 reftable/dump.c                            |  107 ++
 reftable/error.c                           |   41 +
 reftable/generic.c                         |  169 +++
 reftable/generic.h                         |   32 +
 reftable/iter.c                            |  194 +++
 reftable/iter.h                            |   69 +
 reftable/merged.c                          |  362 +++++
 reftable/merged.h                          |   35 +
 reftable/merged_test.c                     |  292 ++++
 reftable/pq.c                              |  105 ++
 reftable/pq.h                              |   33 +
 reftable/pq_test.c                         |   82 ++
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |   58 +
 reftable/reader.c                          |  801 +++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h                          |   66 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c                  |  652 +++++++++
 reftable/record.c                          | 1212 +++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h                          |  139 ++
 reftable/record_test.c                     |  412 ++++++
 reftable/refname.c                         |  209 +++
 reftable/refname.h                         |   29 +
 reftable/refname_test.c                    |  102 ++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h            |   49 +
 reftable/reftable-error.h                  |   62 +
 reftable/reftable-generic.h                |   47 +
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h               |   39 +
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |   18 +
 reftable/reftable-merged.h                 |   72 +
 reftable/reftable-reader.h                 |  101 ++
 reftable/reftable-record.h                 |  114 ++
 reftable/reftable-stack.h                  |  128 ++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |   23 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h                 |  148 +++
 reftable/reftable.c                        |  115 ++
 reftable/stack.c                           | 1396 ++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h                           |   41 +
 reftable/stack_test.c                      |  949 +++++++++++++
 reftable/system.h                          |   32 +
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |   23 +
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |   53 +
 reftable/tree.c                            |   63 +
 reftable/tree.h                            |   34 +
 reftable/tree_test.c                       |   61 +
 reftable/writer.c                          |  690 ++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h                          |   50 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   21 +
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |    4 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |    2 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |   15 +
 69 files changed, 10938 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh


base-commit: ddb1055343948e0d0bc81f8d20245f1ada6430a0
Published-As: https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/releases/tag/pr-git-1081%2Fhanwen%2Fjust-library-v3
Fetch-It-Via: git fetch https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git pr-git-1081/hanwen/just-library-v3
Pull-Request: https://github.com/git/git/pull/1081

Range-diff vs v2:

  1:  8534c69cf84 =  1:  b2f8dc32bfc hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  2:  52968d8e83f =  2:  2597ddfeae1 reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  3:  84c8b396df5 =  3:  41b1ff1293f reftable: add error related functionality
  4:  fa58f3d73e7 =  4:  c03043c5e63 reftable: utility functions
  5:  e9206532126 =  5:  317a6aaa357 reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  6:  651e195fe77 =  6:  55e66b7a74f reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  7:  e595dbc6c84 !  7:  4f6ecd3646a Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
     @@ config.mak.uname: ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
       	FILENO_IS_A_MACRO = UnfortunatelyYes
       endif
       ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
     -+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
      +	# Versions < 7.0 need compatibility layer
      +	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : "[1-6]\."),2)
      +		NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = UnfortunatelyYes
  8:  97f7ee04886 =  8:  04f2d74df51 reftable: reading/writing blocks
  9:  8d2e8be5795 =  9:  f6c2da61208 reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
 10:  965af6ec065 = 10:  277a1f662e3 reftable: write reftable files
 11:  4e259380fda = 11:  f97182dec1f reftable: generic interface to tables
 12:  a43d3512164 = 12:  13de5d03a71 reftable: read reftable files
 13:  f0e159cd853 = 13:  8efc3c2b6ab reftable: reftable file level tests
 14:  5a5c108d601 = 14:  e89b16a37e6 reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
 15:  905ffa58f36 = 15:  40a91b14be8 reftable: add merged table view
 16:  e9598889af2 = 16:  46c2ddf07cf reftable: implement refname validation
 17:  8b0ee68c636 ! 17:  3db887bc078 reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
     @@ reftable/stack.c (new)
      +
      +int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***namesp)
      +{
     -+	int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY, 0644);
     ++	int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
      +	int err = 0;
      +	if (fd < 0) {
      +		if (errno == ENOENT) {
 18:  a9bebe45bde = 18:  795a15000fb reftable: add dump utility
 19:  104fbc7502f = 19:  7b3215aef39 Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.

-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:09     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:09     ` [PATCH v3 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (20 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:09 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will simplify referencing them from code that is not deeply integrated with
Git, in particular, the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 hash.h        | 6 ++++++
 object-file.c | 7 ++-----
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
index 9e25c40e9ac..5d40368f18a 100644
--- a/hash.h
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -95,12 +95,18 @@ static inline void git_SHA256_Clone(git_SHA256_CTX *dst, const git_SHA256_CTX *s
 /* Number of algorithms supported (including unknown). */
 #define GIT_HASH_NALGOS (GIT_HASH_SHA256 + 1)
 
+/* "sha1", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID 0x73686131
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-1 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ 20
 #define GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)
 /* The block size of SHA-1. */
 #define GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ 64
 
+/* "s256", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID 0x73323536
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-256 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ 32
 #define GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ)
diff --git a/object-file.c b/object-file.c
index be4f94ecf3b..0ed2a35de73 100644
--- a/object-file.c
+++ b/object-file.c
@@ -165,7 +165,6 @@ static void git_hash_unknown_final_oid(struct object_id *oid, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 	BUG("trying to finalize unknown hash");
 }
 
-
 const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	{
 		NULL,
@@ -184,8 +183,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha1",
-		/* "sha1", big-endian */
-		0x73686131,
+		GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ,
@@ -200,8 +198,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha256",
-		/* "s256", big-endian */
-		0x73323536,
+		GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_BLKSZ,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:09     ` [PATCH v3 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:09     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (19 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:09 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The objective of this code is to be usable as a C library, so it can be reused
in libgit2.

This is currently using a BSD license as it is the liberal license I could find,
but this could be changed to whatever fits the stated goal above.

This code is currently imported from github.com/hanwen/reftable. Once this code
lands in git.git, the C code will be removed from github.com/hanwen/reftable,
and the git.git code will be the source of truth.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/LICENSE | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE

diff --git a/reftable/LICENSE b/reftable/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..402e0f9356b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+BSD License
+
+Copyright (c) 2020, Google LLC
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of Google LLC nor the names of its contributors may
+be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:09     ` [PATCH v3 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:09     ` [PATCH v3 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (18 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable/ directory is structured as a library, so it cannot
crash on misuse. Instead, it returns an error codes.

In addition, the error code can be used to signal conditions from lower levels
of the library to be handled by higher levels of the library. For example, a
transaction might legitimately write an empty reftable file, but in that case,
we'd want to shortcut the transaction overhead.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/error.c          | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-error.h | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 103 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h

diff --git a/reftable/error.c b/reftable/error.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f6f16def921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/error.c
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err)
+{
+	static char buf[250];
+	switch (err) {
+	case REFTABLE_IO_ERROR:
+		return "I/O error";
+	case REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR:
+		return "corrupt reftable file";
+	case REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR:
+		return "file does not exist";
+	case REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR:
+		return "data is outdated";
+	case REFTABLE_API_ERROR:
+		return "misuse of the reftable API";
+	case REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR:
+		return "zlib failure";
+	case REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT:
+		return "file/directory conflict";
+	case REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR:
+		return "wrote empty table";
+	case REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR:
+		return "invalid refname";
+	case -1:
+		return "general error";
+	default:
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "unknown error code %d", err);
+		return buf;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-error.h b/reftable/reftable-error.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6f89bedf1a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+
+/*
+ * Errors in reftable calls are signaled with negative integer return values. 0
+ * means success.
+ */
+enum reftable_error {
+	/* Unexpected file system behavior */
+	REFTABLE_IO_ERROR = -2,
+
+	/* Format inconsistency on reading data */
+	REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR = -3,
+
+	/* File does not exist. Returned from block_source_from_file(), because
+	 * it needs special handling in stack.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR = -4,
+
+	/* Trying to write out-of-date data. */
+	REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR = -5,
+
+	/* Misuse of the API:
+	 *  - on writing a record with NULL refname.
+	 *  - on writing a reftable_ref_record outside the table limits
+	 *  - on writing a ref or log record before the stack's
+	 * next_update_inde*x
+	 *  - on writing a log record with multiline message with
+	 *  exact_log_message unset
+	 *  - on reading a reftable_ref_record from log iterator, or vice versa.
+	 *
+	 * When a call misuses the API, the internal state of the library is
+	 * kept unchanged.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_API_ERROR = -6,
+
+	/* Decompression error */
+	REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR = -7,
+
+	/* Wrote a table without blocks. */
+	REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR = -8,
+
+	/* Dir/file conflict. */
+	REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT = -9,
+
+	/* Invalid ref name. */
+	REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR = -10,
+};
+
+/* convert the numeric error code to a string. The string should not be
+ * deallocated. */
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 04/19] reftable: utility functions
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (2 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (17 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This commit provides basic utility classes for the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
---
 Makefile                                   |  25 +++-
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |  14 ++-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |  11 +-
 reftable/basics.c                          | 128 +++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/basics.h                          |  60 ++++++++++
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |  98 ++++++++++++++++
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |  58 ++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |  18 +++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |  22 ++++
 reftable/system.h                          |  32 ++++++
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |  23 ++++
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |  53 +++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   9 ++
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |   3 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |   1 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |  15 +++
 16 files changed, 563 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index a9f9b689f0c..cb48d44b0da 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -736,6 +736,7 @@ TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-cache.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-graph.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-midx.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-ref-store.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-reftable.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-regex.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-repository.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-revision-walking.o
@@ -814,6 +815,8 @@ TEST_SHELL_PATH = $(SHELL_PATH)
 
 LIB_FILE = libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB = xdiff/lib.a
+REFTABLE_LIB = reftable/libreftable.a
+REFTABLE_TEST_LIB = reftable/libreftable_test.a
 
 GENERATED_H += command-list.h
 GENERATED_H += config-list.h
@@ -1188,7 +1191,7 @@ THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += compat/regex/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1collisiondetection/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1dc/%
 
-GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB)
 EXTLIBS =
 
 GIT_USER_AGENT = git/$(GIT_VERSION)
@@ -2424,7 +2427,15 @@ XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xutils.o
 .PHONY: xdiff-objs
 xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
+
 .PHONY: test-objs
 test-objs: $(TEST_OBJS)
 
@@ -2440,6 +2451,8 @@ OBJECTS += $(PROGRAM_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(TEST_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(FUZZ_OBJS)
+OBJECTS += $(REFTABLE_OBJS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+
 ifndef NO_CURL
 	OBJECTS += http.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o
 endif
@@ -2590,6 +2603,12 @@ $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
 $(XDIFF_LIB): $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
 
+$(REFTABLE_LIB): $(REFTABLE_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
+$(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB): $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
 export DEFAULT_EDITOR DEFAULT_PAGER
 
 Documentation/GIT-EXCLUDED-PROGRAMS: FORCE
@@ -2888,7 +2907,7 @@ perf: all
 
 t/helper/test-tool$X: $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
-t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
+t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(filter %.a,$^) $(LIBS)
 
 check-sha1:: t/helper/test-tool$X
@@ -3223,7 +3242,7 @@ cocciclean:
 clean: profile-clean coverage-clean cocciclean
 	$(RM) *.res
 	$(RM) $(OBJECTS)
-	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
 	$(RM) $(FUZZ_PROGRAMS)
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
index 171b4124afe..c2bf5bdffc6 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -640,6 +640,12 @@ parse_makefile_for_sources(libxdiff_SOURCES "XDIFF_OBJS")
 list(TRANSFORM libxdiff_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
 add_library(xdiff STATIC ${libxdiff_SOURCES})
 
+#reftable
+parse_makefile_for_sources(reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_OBJS")
+
+list(TRANSFORM reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+add_library(reftable STATIC ${reftable_SOURCES})
+
 if(WIN32)
 	if(NOT MSVC)#use windres when compiling with gcc and clang
 		add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/git.res
@@ -662,7 +668,7 @@ endif()
 #link all required libraries to common-main
 add_library(common-main OBJECT ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-main.c)
 
-target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff reftable ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
 if(Intl_FOUND)
 	target_link_libraries(common-main ${Intl_LIBRARIES})
 endif()
@@ -902,11 +908,15 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
 add_executable(test-fake-ssh ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-fake-ssh.c)
 target_link_libraries(test-fake-ssh common-main)
 
+#reftable-tests
+parse_makefile_for_sources(test-reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS")
+list(TRANSFORM test-reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+
 #test-tool
 parse_makefile_for_sources(test-tool_SOURCES "TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS")
 
 list(TRANSFORM test-tool_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/")
-add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES})
+add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES} ${test-reftable_SOURCES})
 target_link_libraries(test-tool common-main)
 
 set_target_properties(test-fake-ssh test-tool
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
index d2584450ba1..1a25789d285 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ sub createProject {
     my $libs_release = "\n    ";
     my $libs_debug = "\n    ";
     if (!$static_library) {
-      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
+      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib|reftable\/libreftable\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
       $libs_debug = $libs_release;
       $libs_debug =~ s/zlib\.lib/zlibd\.lib/g;
       $libs_debug =~ s/libexpat\.lib/libexpatd\.lib/g;
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ EOM
 EOM
     if (!$static_library || $target =~ 'vcs-svn' || $target =~ 'xdiff') {
       my $uuid_libgit = $$build_structure{"LIBS_libgit_GUID"};
+      my $uuid_libreftable = $$build_structure{"LIBS_reftable/libreftable_GUID"};
       my $uuid_xdiff_lib = $$build_structure{"LIBS_xdiff/lib_GUID"};
 
       print F << "EOM";
@@ -241,6 +242,14 @@ EOM
       <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
     </ProjectReference>
 EOM
+      if (!($name =~ /xdiff|libreftable/)) {
+        print F << "EOM";
+    <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\reftable\\libreftable\\libreftable.vcxproj">
+      <Project>$uuid_libreftable</Project>
+      <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
+    </ProjectReference>
+EOM
+      }
       if (!($name =~ 'xdiff')) {
         print F << "EOM";
     <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\xdiff\\lib\\xdiff_lib.vcxproj">
diff --git a/reftable/basics.c b/reftable/basics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f761e48028c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 16) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[2] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in)
+{
+	return (uint32_t)(in[0]) << 16 | (uint32_t)(in[1]) << 8 |
+	       (uint32_t)(in[2]);
+}
+
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args)
+{
+	size_t lo = 0;
+	size_t hi = sz;
+
+	/* Invariants:
+	 *
+	 *  (hi == sz) || f(hi) == true
+	 *  (lo == 0 && f(0) == true) || fi(lo) == false
+	 */
+	while (hi - lo > 1) {
+		size_t mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
+
+		if (f(mid, args))
+			hi = mid;
+		else
+			lo = mid;
+	}
+
+	if (lo)
+		return hi;
+
+	return f(0, args) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+void free_names(char **a)
+{
+	char **p;
+	if (!a) {
+		return;
+	}
+	for (p = a; *p; p++) {
+		reftable_free(*p);
+	}
+	reftable_free(a);
+}
+
+int names_length(char **names)
+{
+	char **p = names;
+	for (; *p; p++) {
+		/* empty */
+	}
+	return p - names;
+}
+
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	size_t names_cap = 0;
+	size_t names_len = 0;
+
+	char *p = buf;
+	char *end = buf + size;
+	while (p < end) {
+		char *next = strchr(p, '\n');
+		if (next && next < end) {
+			*next = 0;
+		} else {
+			next = end;
+		}
+		if (p < next) {
+			if (names_len == names_cap) {
+				names_cap = 2 * names_cap + 1;
+				names = reftable_realloc(
+					names, names_cap * sizeof(*names));
+			}
+			names[names_len++] = xstrdup(p);
+		}
+		p = next + 1;
+	}
+
+	names = reftable_realloc(names, (names_len + 1) * sizeof(*names));
+	names[names_len] = NULL;
+	*namesp = names;
+}
+
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; a[i] && b[i]; i++) {
+		if (strcmp(a[i], b[i])) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return a[i] == b[i];
+}
+
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b)
+{
+	int p = 0;
+	for (; p < a->len && p < b->len; p++) {
+		if (a->buf[p] != b->buf[p])
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return p;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/basics.h b/reftable/basics.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..096b36862b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/*
+ * miscellaneous utilities that are not provided by Git.
+ */
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+/* Bigendian en/decoding of integers */
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i);
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in);
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i);
+
+/*
+ * find smallest index i in [0, sz) at which f(i) is true, assuming
+ * that f is ascending. Return sz if f(i) is false for all indices.
+ *
+ * Contrary to bsearch(3), this returns something useful if the argument is not
+ * found.
+ */
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args);
+
+/*
+ * Frees a NULL terminated array of malloced strings. The array itself is also
+ * freed.
+ */
+void free_names(char **a);
+
+/* parse a newline separated list of names. `size` is the length of the buffer,
+ * without terminating '\0'. Empty names are discarded. */
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp);
+
+/* compares two NULL-terminated arrays of strings. */
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b);
+
+/* returns the array size of a NULL-terminated array of strings. */
+int names_length(char **names);
+
+/* Allocation routines; they invoke the functions set through
+ * reftable_set_alloc() */
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz);
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz);
+void reftable_free(void *p);
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz);
+
+/* Find the longest shared prefix size of `a` and `b` */
+struct strbuf;
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/basics_test.c b/reftable/basics_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fcd2297256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct binsearch_args {
+	int key;
+	int *arr;
+};
+
+static int binsearch_func(size_t i, void *void_args)
+{
+	struct binsearch_args *args = void_args;
+
+	return args->key < args->arr[i];
+}
+
+static void test_binsearch(void)
+{
+	int arr[] = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
+	size_t sz = ARRAY_SIZE(arr);
+	struct binsearch_args args = {
+		.arr = arr,
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < 11; i++) {
+		int res;
+		args.key = i;
+		res = binsearch(sz, &binsearch_func, &args);
+
+		if (res < sz) {
+			EXPECT(args.key < arr[res]);
+			if (res > 0) {
+				EXPECT(args.key >= arr[res - 1]);
+			}
+		} else {
+			EXPECT(args.key == 10 || args.key == 11);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_names_length(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+	EXPECT(names_length(a) == 2);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_normal(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\nb\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[1], "b"));
+	EXPECT(!out[2]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_drop_empty(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\n\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!out[1]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf s1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf s2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&s1, "abcdef");
+	strbuf_addstr(&s2, "abc");
+	EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&s1, &s2) == 3);
+	strbuf_release(&s1);
+	strbuf_release(&s2);
+}
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_normal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_drop_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_binsearch);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_length);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/publicbasics.c b/reftable/publicbasics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd0a02d3f68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/publicbasics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-malloc.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz) = &malloc;
+static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t) = &realloc;
+static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *) = &free;
+
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	return (*reftable_malloc_ptr)(sz);
+}
+
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz)
+{
+	return (*reftable_realloc_ptr)(p, sz);
+}
+
+void reftable_free(void *p)
+{
+	reftable_free_ptr(p);
+}
+
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	void *p = reftable_malloc(sz);
+	memset(p, 0, sz);
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *))
+{
+	reftable_malloc_ptr = malloc;
+	reftable_realloc_ptr = realloc;
+	reftable_free_ptr = free;
+}
+
+int hash_size(uint32_t id)
+{
+	switch (id) {
+	case 0:
+	case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ;
+	case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-malloc.h b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f2185f1f34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_H
+#define REFTABLE_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/* Overrides the functions to use for memory management. */
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *));
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e7698ae654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+#define REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/system.h b/reftable/system.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4907306c0c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/system.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef SYSTEM_H
+#define SYSTEM_H
+
+/* This header glues the reftable library to the rest of Git */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "hash.h" /* hash ID, sizes.*/
+#include "dir.h" /* remove_dir_recursively, for tests.*/
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+/*
+ * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
+ * (released as of early 2017)
+ */
+int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
+		uLong *sourceLen);
+#endif
+
+int hash_size(uint32_t id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.c b/reftable/test_framework.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84ac972cad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i)
+{
+	memset(p, (uint8_t)i, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+}
+
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	strbuf_add(b, data, sz);
+	return sz;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.h b/reftable/test_framework.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..774cb275bf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+#define TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#define EXPECT_ERR(c)                                                  \
+	if (c != 0) {                                                  \
+		fflush(stderr);                                        \
+		fflush(stdout);                                        \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: error == %d (%s), want 0\n",  \
+			__FILE__, __LINE__, c, reftable_error_str(c)); \
+		abort();                                               \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT_STREQ(a, b)                                               \
+	if (strcmp(a, b)) {                                              \
+		fflush(stderr);                                          \
+		fflush(stdout);                                          \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s (%s) != %s (%s)\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #a, a, #b, b);                         \
+		abort();                                                 \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT(c)                                                          \
+	if (!(c)) {                                                        \
+		fflush(stderr);                                            \
+		fflush(stdout);                                            \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: failed assertion %s\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #c);                                     \
+		abort();                                                   \
+	}
+
+#define RUN_TEST(f)                          \
+	fprintf(stderr, "running %s\n", #f); \
+	fflush(stderr);                      \
+	f();
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i);
+
+/* Like strbuf_add, but suitable for passing to reftable_new_writer
+ */
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b58e423e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "reftable/reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test-tool.h"
+
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index 3ce5585e53a..f7c888ffda7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -53,13 +53,14 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "pcre2-config", cmd__pcre2_config },
 	{ "pkt-line", cmd__pkt_line },
 	{ "prio-queue", cmd__prio_queue },
-	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive},
+	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive },
 	{ "progress", cmd__progress },
 	{ "reach", cmd__reach },
 	{ "read-cache", cmd__read_cache },
 	{ "read-graph", cmd__read_graph },
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
+	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 9f0f5228508..25f77469146 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ int cmd__read_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_graph(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_midx(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__ref_store(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__regex(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__repository(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__revision_walking(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..0ed14971a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020 Google LLC
+#
+
+test_description='reftable unittests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'unittests' '
+	TMPDIR=$(pwd) && export TMPDIR &&
+	test-tool reftable
+'
+
+test_done
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (3 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (16 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is usually used with files for storage. However, we abstract
away this using the blocksource data structure. This has two advantages:

* log blocks are zlib compressed, and handling them is simplified if we can
  discard byte segments from within the block layer.

* for unittests, it is useful to read and write in-memory. The blocksource
  allows us to abstract the data away from on-disk files.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                        |   1 +
 reftable/blocksource.c          | 148 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/blocksource.h          |  22 +++++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h |  49 +++++++++++
 4 files changed, 220 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index cb48d44b0da..eaca0da79a0 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2429,6 +2429,7 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.c b/reftable/blocksource.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0044eecd9aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.c
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+static void strbuf_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void strbuf_close(void *b)
+{
+}
+
+static int strbuf_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			     uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct strbuf *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->len);
+	dest->data = reftable_calloc(size);
+	memcpy(dest->data, b->buf + off, size);
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static uint64_t strbuf_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct strbuf *)b)->len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable strbuf_vtable = {
+	.size = &strbuf_size,
+	.read_block = &strbuf_read_block,
+	.return_block = &strbuf_return_block,
+	.close = &strbuf_close,
+};
+
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &strbuf_vtable;
+	bs->arg = buf;
+}
+
+static void malloc_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable malloc_vtable = {
+	.return_block = &malloc_return_block,
+};
+
+static struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source_instance = {
+	.ops = &malloc_vtable,
+};
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void)
+{
+	return malloc_block_source_instance;
+}
+
+struct file_block_source {
+	int fd;
+	uint64_t size;
+};
+
+static uint64_t file_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct file_block_source *)b)->size;
+}
+
+static void file_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void file_close(void *b)
+{
+	int fd = ((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd;
+	if (fd > 0) {
+		close(fd);
+		((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd = 0;
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(b);
+}
+
+static int file_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			   uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct file_block_source *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->size);
+	dest->data = reftable_malloc(size);
+	if (pread(b->fd, dest->data, size, off) != size)
+		return -1;
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable file_vtable = {
+	.size = &file_size,
+	.read_block = &file_read_block,
+	.return_block = &file_return_block,
+	.close = &file_close,
+};
+
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+				    const char *name)
+{
+	struct stat st = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	struct file_block_source *p = NULL;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			return REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR;
+		}
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	err = fstat(fd, &st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	p = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct file_block_source));
+	p->size = st.st_size;
+	p->fd = fd;
+
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &file_vtable;
+	bs->arg = p;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.h b/reftable/blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..072e2727ad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct reftable_block_source;
+
+/* Create an in-memory block source for reading reftables */
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf);
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5aa3990a573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/* block_source is a generic wrapper for a seekable readable file.
+ */
+struct reftable_block_source {
+	struct reftable_block_source_vtable *ops;
+	void *arg;
+};
+
+/* a contiguous segment of bytes. It keeps track of its generating block_source
+ * so it can return itself into the pool. */
+struct reftable_block {
+	uint8_t *data;
+	int len;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+};
+
+/* block_source_vtable are the operations that make up block_source */
+struct reftable_block_source_vtable {
+	/* returns the size of a block source */
+	uint64_t (*size)(void *source);
+
+	/* reads a segment from the block source. It is an error to read
+	   beyond the end of the block */
+	int (*read_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *dest,
+			  uint64_t off, uint32_t size);
+	/* mark the block as read; may return the data back to malloc */
+	void (*return_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *blockp);
+
+	/* release all resources associated with the block source */
+	void (*close)(void *source);
+};
+
+/* opens a file on the file system as a block_source */
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *block_src,
+				    const char *name);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (4 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (15 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of blocks, and each block
contains a sequence of prefix-compressed key-value records. There are 4 types of
records, and they have similarities in how they must be handled. This is
achieved by introducing a polymorphic 'record' type that encapsulates ref, log,
index and object records.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |    2 +
 reftable/constants.h       |   21 +
 reftable/record.c          | 1212 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h          |  139 +++++
 reftable/record_test.c     |  412 ++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-record.h |  114 ++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |    2 +-
 7 files changed, 1901 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index eaca0da79a0..7cbc8f95c8b 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2431,7 +2431,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/constants.h b/reftable/constants.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5eee72c4c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/constants.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef CONSTANTS_H
+#define CONSTANTS_H
+
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_LOG 'g'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX 'i'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_REF 'r'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ 'o'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_ANY 0
+
+#define MAX_RESTARTS ((1 << 16) - 1)
+#define DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE 4096
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record.c b/reftable/record.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a5dac32dc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1212 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+/* record.c - methods for different types of records. */
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in)
+{
+	int ptr = 0;
+	uint64_t val;
+
+	if (in->len == 0)
+		return -1;
+	val = in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f;
+
+	while (in->buf[ptr] & 0x80) {
+		ptr++;
+		if (ptr > in->len) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		val = (val + 1) << 7 | (uint64_t)(in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f);
+	}
+
+	*dest = val;
+	return ptr + 1;
+}
+
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val)
+{
+	uint8_t buf[10] = { 0 };
+	int i = 9;
+	int n = 0;
+	buf[i] = (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+	i--;
+	while (1) {
+		val >>= 7;
+		if (!val) {
+			break;
+		}
+		val--;
+		buf[i] = 0x80 | (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+		i--;
+	}
+
+	n = sizeof(buf) - i - 1;
+	if (dest->len < n)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest->buf, &buf[i + 1], n);
+	return n;
+}
+
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX:
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return rec->value.val1;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.target_value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int decode_string(struct strbuf *dest, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t tsize = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&tsize, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	if (in.len < tsize)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, in.buf, tsize);
+	string_view_consume(&in, tsize);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int encode_string(char *str, struct string_view s)
+{
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int l = strlen(str);
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, l);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	if (s.len < l)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(s.buf, str, l);
+	string_view_consume(&s, l);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_encode_key(int *restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra)
+{
+	struct string_view start = dest;
+	int prefix_len = common_prefix_size(&prev_key, &key);
+	uint64_t suffix_len = key.len - prefix_len;
+	int n = put_var_int(&dest, (uint64_t)prefix_len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	*restart = (prefix_len == 0);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&dest, suffix_len << 3 | (uint64_t)extra);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	if (dest.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest.buf, key.buf + prefix_len, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&dest, suffix_len);
+
+	return start.len - dest.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t prefix_len = 0;
+	uint64_t suffix_len = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&prefix_len, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	if (prefix_len > last_key.len)
+		return -1;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&suffix_len, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	*extra = (uint8_t)(suffix_len & 0x7);
+	suffix_len >>= 3;
+
+	if (in.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(key);
+	strbuf_add(key, last_key.buf, prefix_len);
+	strbuf_add(key, in.buf, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&in, suffix_len);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, rec->refname);
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec;
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *src = src_rec;
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	/* This is simple and correct, but we could probably reuse the hash
+	 * fields. */
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	if (src->refname) {
+		ref->refname = xstrdup(src->refname);
+	}
+	ref->update_index = src->update_index;
+	ref->value_type = src->value_type;
+	switch (src->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		ref->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val1, src->value.val1, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		ref->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.value, src->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		ref->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.target_value,
+		       src->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		ref->value.symref = xstrdup(src->value.symref);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static char hexdigit(int c)
+{
+	if (c <= 9)
+		return '0' + c;
+	return 'a' + (c - 10);
+}
+
+static void hex_format(char *dest, uint8_t *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (src) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < hash_size; i++) {
+			dest[2 * i] = hexdigit(src[i] >> 4);
+			dest[2 * i + 1] = hexdigit(src[i] & 0xf);
+		}
+		dest[2 * hash_size] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 }; /* BUG */
+	printf("ref{%s(%" PRIu64 ") ", ref->refname, ref->update_index);
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		printf("=> %s", ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.value, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 2 %s", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			   hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("(T %s)", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val1, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 1 %s", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		printf("delete");
+		break;
+	}
+	printf("}\n");
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	reftable_ref_record_release(rec);
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.target_value);
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.value);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val1);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(ref->refname);
+	memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_ref_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	return r->value_type;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, r->update_index);
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		n = encode_string(r->value.symref, s);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (s.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (s.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val1, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	uint64_t update_index = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&update_index, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(r);
+
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->update_index = update_index;
+	r->refname[key.len] = 0;
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	switch (val_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (in.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val1, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (in.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+
+		r->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.target_value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF: {
+		struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+		r->value.symref = dest.buf;
+	} break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_ref_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_ref_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_REF,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_ref_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_ref_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_ref_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_ref_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_ref_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, rec->hash_prefix, rec->hash_prefix_len);
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->hash_prefix);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->offsets);
+	memset(obj, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_obj_record_release(obj);
+	*obj = *src;
+	obj->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(obj->hash_prefix_len);
+	memcpy(obj->hash_prefix, src->hash_prefix, obj->hash_prefix_len);
+
+	obj->offsets = reftable_malloc(obj->offset_len * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	COPY_ARRAY(obj->offsets, src->offsets, obj->offset_len);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_obj_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	if (r->offset_len > 0 && r->offset_len < 8)
+		return r->offset_len;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int i = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last = 0;
+	if (r->offset_len == 0 || r->offset_len >= 8) {
+		n = put_var_int(&s, r->offset_len);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	}
+	if (r->offset_len == 0)
+		return start.len - s.len;
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[0]);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	for (i = 1; i < r->offset_len; i++) {
+		int n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[i] - last);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		last = r->offsets[i];
+	}
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t count = val_type;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last;
+	int j;
+	r->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(key.len);
+	memcpy(r->hash_prefix, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->hash_prefix_len = key.len;
+
+	if (val_type == 0) {
+		n = get_var_int(&count, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	}
+
+	r->offsets = NULL;
+	r->offset_len = 0;
+	if (count == 0)
+		return start.len - in.len;
+
+	r->offsets = reftable_malloc(count * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	r->offset_len = count;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offsets[0], &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	j = 1;
+	while (j < count) {
+		uint64_t delta = 0;
+		int n = get_var_int(&delta, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+		last = r->offsets[j] = (delta + last);
+		j++;
+	}
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int not_a_deletion(const void *p)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_obj_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_obj_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_obj_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_obj_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_obj_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_obj_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_obj_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 };
+
+	switch (log->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") delete", log->refname,
+		       log->update_index);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") %s <%s> %" PRIu64 " %04d\n",
+		       log->refname, log->update_index, log->value.update.name,
+		       log->value.update.email, log->value.update.time,
+		       log->value.update.tz_offset);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.old_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s => ", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.new_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s\n\n%s\n}\n", hex, log->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)r;
+	int len = strlen(rec->refname);
+	uint8_t i64[8];
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, (uint8_t *)rec->refname, len + 1);
+
+	ts = (~ts) - rec->update_index;
+	put_be64(&i64[0], ts);
+	strbuf_add(dest, i64, sizeof(i64));
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_log_record_release(dst);
+	*dst = *src;
+	if (dst->refname) {
+		dst->refname = xstrdup(dst->refname);
+	}
+	switch (dst->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		if (dst->value.update.email) {
+			dst->value.update.email =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.email);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.name) {
+			dst->value.update.name =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.name);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.message) {
+			dst->value.update.message =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.message);
+		}
+
+		if (dst->value.update.new_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.new_hash,
+			       src->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.old_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.old_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.old_hash,
+			       src->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	reftable_log_record_release(r);
+}
+
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *r)
+{
+	reftable_free(r->refname);
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.new_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.old_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.name);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.email);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_log_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *log =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)rec;
+
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static uint8_t zero[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+
+static int reftable_log_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint8_t *oldh = NULL;
+	uint8_t *newh = NULL;
+	if (reftable_log_record_is_deletion(r))
+		return 0;
+
+	oldh = r->value.update.old_hash;
+	newh = r->value.update.new_hash;
+	if (!oldh) {
+		oldh = zero;
+	}
+	if (!newh) {
+		newh = zero;
+	}
+
+	if (s.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(s.buf, oldh, hash_size);
+	memcpy(s.buf + hash_size, newh, hash_size);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.name ? r->value.update.name : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.email ? r->value.update.email : "",
+			  s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->value.update.time);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	if (s.len < 2)
+		return -1;
+
+	put_be16(s.buf, r->value.update.tz_offset);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2);
+
+	n = encode_string(
+		r->value.update.message ? r->value.update.message : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t max = 0;
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n;
+
+	if (key.len <= 9 || key.buf[key.len - 9] != 0)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len - 8);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len - 8);
+	ts = get_be64(key.buf + key.len - 8);
+
+	r->update_index = (~max) - ts;
+
+	if (val_type != r->value_type) {
+		switch (r->value_type) {
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.old_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.new_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.message);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.email);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.name);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	if (val_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (in.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->value.update.old_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+	r->value.update.new_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+
+	memcpy(r->value.update.old_hash, in.buf, hash_size);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.new_hash, in.buf + hash_size, hash_size);
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.name =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.name, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.name, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.name[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.email =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.email, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.email, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.email[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	ts = 0;
+	n = get_var_int(&ts, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	r->value.update.time = ts;
+	if (in.len < 2)
+		goto done;
+
+	r->value.update.tz_offset = get_be16(in.buf);
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.message =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.message, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.message, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.message[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+}
+
+static int null_streq(char *a, char *b)
+{
+	char *empty = "";
+	if (!a)
+		a = empty;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = empty;
+
+	return 0 == strcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+static int zero_hash_eq(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int sz)
+{
+	if (!a)
+		a = zero;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = zero;
+
+	return !memcmp(a, b, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (!(null_streq(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		return null_streq(a->value.update.name, b->value.update.name) &&
+		       a->value.update.time == b->value.update.time &&
+		       a->value.update.tz_offset == b->value.update.tz_offset &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.email,
+				  b->value.update.email) &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.message,
+				  b->value.update.message) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.old_hash,
+				    b->value.update.old_hash, hash_size) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.new_hash,
+				    b->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+	}
+
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_log_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_log_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_LOG,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_log_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_log_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_log_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_log_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_log_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF: {
+		struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ: {
+		struct reftable_obj_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG: {
+		struct reftable_log_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX: {
+		struct reftable_index_record empty = { .last_key =
+							       STRBUF_INIT };
+		struct reftable_index_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_index_record));
+		*r = empty;
+		reftable_record_from_index(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	}
+	abort();
+	return rec;
+}
+
+/* clear out the record, yielding the reftable_record data that was
+ * encapsulated. */
+static void *reftable_record_yield(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	void *p = rec->data;
+	rec->data = NULL;
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	reftable_record_release(rec);
+	reftable_free(reftable_record_yield(rec));
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *rec = r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addbuf(dest, &rec->last_key);
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					    int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_index_record *src = src_rec;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dst->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dst->last_key, &src->last_key);
+	dst->offset = src->offset;
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *idx = rec;
+	strbuf_release(&idx->last_key);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_index_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view out,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_index_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int n = put_var_int(&out, r->offset);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	return start.len - out.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+					uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_index_record *r = rec;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&r->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&r->last_key, &key);
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offset, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_index_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_index_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_index_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_index_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_index_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_index_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_index_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = &not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	rec->ops->key(rec->data, dest);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->type;
+}
+
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->encode(rec->data, dest, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(src->ops->type == rec->ops->type);
+
+	rec->ops->copy_from(rec->data, src->data, hash_size);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->val_type(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src, int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->decode(rec->data, key, extra, src, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	rec->ops->release(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->is_deletion(rec->data);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *ref_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = ref_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_ref_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *obj_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = obj_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_obj_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *index_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = index_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_index_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *log_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = log_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_log_record_vtable;
+}
+
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+static int hash_equal(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (a && b)
+		return !memcmp(a, b, hash_size);
+
+	return a == b;
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (!(0 == strcmp(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		return !strcmp(a->value.symref, b->value.symref);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val2.value, b->value.val2.value,
+				  hash_size) &&
+		       hash_equal(a->value.val2.target_value,
+				  b->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val1, b->value.val1, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strcmp(((struct reftable_ref_record *)a)->refname,
+		      ((struct reftable_ref_record *)b)->refname);
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	return ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *la = a;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *lb = b;
+
+	int cmp = strcmp(la->refname, lb->refname);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	if (la->update_index > lb->update_index)
+		return -1;
+	return (la->update_index < lb->update_index) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	return (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION);
+}
+
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n)
+{
+	s->buf += n;
+	s->len -= n;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/record.h b/reftable/record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..498e8c50bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef RECORD_H
+#define RECORD_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+/*
+ * A substring of existing string data. This structure takes no responsibility
+ * for the lifetime of the data it points to.
+ */
+struct string_view {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	size_t len;
+};
+
+/* Advance `s.buf` by `n`, and decrease length. */
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n);
+
+/* utilities for de/encoding varints */
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in);
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val);
+
+/* Methods for records. */
+struct reftable_record_vtable {
+	/* encode the key of to a uint8_t strbuf. */
+	void (*key)(const void *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+
+	/* The record type of ('r' for ref). */
+	uint8_t type;
+
+	void (*copy_from)(void *dest, const void *src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* a value of [0..7], indicating record subvariants (eg. ref vs. symref
+	 * vs ref deletion) */
+	uint8_t (*val_type)(const void *rec);
+
+	/* encodes rec into dest, returning how much space was used. */
+	int (*encode)(const void *rec, struct string_view dest, int hash_size);
+
+	/* decode data from `src` into the record. */
+	int (*decode)(void *rec, struct strbuf key, uint8_t extra,
+		      struct string_view src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* deallocate and null the record. */
+	void (*release)(void *rec);
+
+	/* is this a tombstone? */
+	int (*is_deletion)(const void *rec);
+};
+
+/* record is a generic wrapper for different types of records. */
+struct reftable_record {
+	void *data;
+	struct reftable_record_vtable *ops;
+};
+
+/* returns true for recognized block types. Block start with the block type. */
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* creates a malloced record of the given type. Dispose with record_destroy */
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* Encode `key` into `dest`. Sets `is_restart` to indicate a restart. Returns
+ * number of bytes written. */
+int reftable_encode_key(int *is_restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra);
+
+/* Decode into `key` and `extra` from `in` */
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in);
+
+/* reftable_index_record are used internally to speed up lookups. */
+struct reftable_index_record {
+	uint64_t offset; /* Offset of block */
+	struct strbuf last_key; /* Last key of the block. */
+};
+
+/* reftable_obj_record stores an object ID => ref mapping. */
+struct reftable_obj_record {
+	uint8_t *hash_prefix; /* leading bytes of the object ID */
+	int hash_prefix_len; /* number of leading bytes. Constant
+			      * across a single table. */
+	uint64_t *offsets; /* a vector of file offsets. */
+	int offset_len;
+};
+
+/* see struct record_vtable */
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size);
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* zeroes out the embedded record */
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* clear and deallocate embedded record, and zero `rec`. */
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* initialize generic records from concrete records. The generic record should
+ * be zeroed out. */
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *objrec);
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *idxrec);
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *refrec);
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *logrec);
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *ref);
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *ref);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record_test.c b/reftable/record_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4ad7cace41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_copy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_record copy =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(rec));
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	/* do it twice to catch memory leaks */
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	switch (reftable_record_type(&copy)) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(reftable_record_as_ref(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_ref(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(reftable_record_as_log(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_log(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	}
+	reftable_record_destroy(&copy);
+}
+
+static void test_varint_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint64_t inputs[] = { 0,
+			      1,
+			      27,
+			      127,
+			      128,
+			      257,
+			      4096,
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63),
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63) + ((uint64_t)1 << 63) - 1 };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(inputs); i++) {
+		uint8_t dest[10];
+
+		struct string_view out = {
+			.buf = dest,
+			.len = sizeof(dest),
+		};
+		uint64_t in = inputs[i];
+		int n = put_var_int(&out, in);
+		uint64_t got = 0;
+
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		out.len = n;
+		n = get_var_int(&got, &out);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		EXPECT(got == in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct {
+		const char *a, *b;
+		int want;
+	} cases[] = {
+		{ "abc", "ab", 2 },
+		{ "", "abc", 0 },
+		{ "abc", "abd", 2 },
+		{ "abc", "pqr", 0 },
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct strbuf a = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf b = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&a, cases[i].a);
+		strbuf_addstr(&b, cases[i].b);
+		EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&a, &b) == cases[i].want);
+
+		strbuf_release(&a);
+		strbuf_release(&b);
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_hash(uint8_t *h, int j)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID); i++) {
+		h[i] = (j >> i) & 0xff;
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+
+	for (i = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION; i < REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record in = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_ref_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+
+		int n, m;
+
+		in.value_type = i;
+		switch (i) {
+		case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+			in.value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val1, 1);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+			in.value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.value, 1);
+			in.value.val2.target_value =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.target_value, 2);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+			in.value.symref = xstrdup("target");
+			break;
+		}
+		in.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master");
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_record_val_type(&rec) == i);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		/* decode into a non-zero reftable_record to test for leaks. */
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, i, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&in, &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_equal(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+		}
+	};
+
+	EXPECT(!reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	in[1].update_index = in[0].update_index;
+	EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[0]);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[1]);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.old_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("han-wen"),
+					.email = xstrdup("hanwen@google.com"),
+					.message = xstrdup("test"),
+					.time = 1577123507,
+					.tz_offset = 100,
+				},
+			}
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
+		}
+	};
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.new_hash, 1);
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.old_hash, 2);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(in); i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		/* populate out, to check for leaks. */
+		struct reftable_log_record out = {
+			.refname = xstrdup("old name"),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.new_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.old_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("old name"),
+					.email = xstrdup("old@email"),
+					.message = xstrdup("old message"),
+				},
+			},
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m, valtype;
+
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &in[i]);
+
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n >= 0);
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec_out, &out);
+		valtype = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, valtype, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[i], &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&in[i]);
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_u24_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint32_t in = 0x112233;
+	uint8_t dest[3];
+	uint32_t out;
+	put_be24(dest, in);
+	out = get_be24(dest);
+	EXPECT(in == out);
+}
+
+static void test_key_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf roundtrip = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int restart;
+	uint8_t extra;
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t rt_extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	strbuf_addstr(&key, "refs/tags/bla");
+	extra = 6;
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&restart, dest, last_key, key, extra);
+	EXPECT(!restart);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	m = reftable_decode_key(&roundtrip, &rt_extra, last_key, dest);
+	EXPECT(n == m);
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &roundtrip));
+	EXPECT(rt_extra == extra);
+
+	strbuf_release(&last_key);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&roundtrip);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t testHash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 0 };
+	uint64_t till9[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 500, 600, 700, 800, 9000 };
+	struct reftable_obj_record recs[3] = { {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 3,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 9,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+					       } };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(recs); i++) {
+		struct reftable_obj_record in = recs[i];
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_obj_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m;
+		uint8_t extra;
+
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, extra, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(in.hash_prefix_len == out.hash_prefix_len);
+		EXPECT(in.offset_len == out.offset_len);
+
+		EXPECT(!memcmp(in.hash_prefix, out.hash_prefix,
+			       in.hash_prefix_len));
+		EXPECT(0 == memcmp(in.offsets, out.offsets,
+				   sizeof(uint64_t) * in.offset_len));
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record in = {
+		.offset = 42,
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record out = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record out_rec = { NULL };
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&in.last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	reftable_record_from_index(&rec, &in);
+	reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+	test_copy(&rec);
+
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &in.last_key));
+	n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&out_rec, &out);
+	m = reftable_record_decode(&out_rec, key, extra, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(m == n);
+
+	EXPECT(in.offset == out.offset);
+
+	reftable_record_release(&out_rec);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&in.last_key);
+}
+
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_varint_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_key_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_u24_roundtrip);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-record.h b/reftable/reftable-record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5370d2288c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+#define REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/*
+ * Basic data types
+ *
+ * Reftables store the state of each ref in struct reftable_ref_record, and they
+ * store a sequence of reflog updates in struct reftable_log_record.
+ */
+
+/* reftable_ref_record holds a ref database entry target_value */
+struct reftable_ref_record {
+	char *refname; /* Name of the ref, malloced. */
+	uint64_t update_index; /* Logical timestamp at which this value is
+				* written */
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_REF_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple ref */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 = 0x1,
+		/* a tag, plus its peeled hash */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 = 0x2,
+
+		/* a symbolic reference */
+		REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF = 0x3,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES 4
+	} value_type;
+	union {
+		uint8_t *val1; /* malloced hash. */
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *value; /* first value, malloced hash  */
+			uint8_t *target_value; /* second value, malloced hash */
+		} val2;
+		char *symref; /* referent, malloced 0-terminated string */
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* Returns the first hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 or REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* Returns the second hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents a deletion */
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* prints a reftable_ref_record onto stdout. Useful for debugging. */
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values inside `ref`. */
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* returns whether two reftable_ref_records are the same. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* reftable_log_record holds a reflog entry */
+struct reftable_log_record {
+	char *refname;
+	uint64_t update_index; /* logical timestamp of a transactional update.
+				*/
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple update */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE = 0x1,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_LOG_VALUETYPES 2
+	} value_type;
+
+	union {
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *new_hash;
+			uint8_t *old_hash;
+			char *name;
+			char *email;
+			uint64_t time;
+			int16_t tz_offset;
+			char *message;
+		} update;
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents the deletion of a log record. */
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values. */
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* returns whether two records are equal. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* dumps a reftable_log_record on stdout, for debugging/testing. */
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 3b58e423e7b..09d4b83ef9b 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
-
+	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (5 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (14 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will be needed for reading reflog blocks in reftable.

Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |  7 +++
 ci/lib.sh                 |  1 +
 compat/.gitattributes     |  1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c | 95 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 config.mak.uname          |  4 ++
 configure.ac              | 13 ++++++
 6 files changed, 121 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 7cbc8f95c8b..39e250c7e8c 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -256,6 +256,8 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_DEFLATE_BOUND if your zlib does not have deflateBound.
 #
+# Define NO_UNCOMPRESS2 if your zlib does not have uncompress2.
+#
 # Define NO_NORETURN if using buggy versions of gcc 4.6+ and profile feedback,
 # as the compiler can crash (http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49299)
 #
@@ -1716,6 +1718,11 @@ ifdef NO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 endif
 
+ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	REFTABLE_OBJS += compat/zlib-uncompress2.o
+endif
+
 ifdef NO_POSIX_GOODIES
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_POSIX_GOODIES
 endif
diff --git a/ci/lib.sh b/ci/lib.sh
index 476c3f369f5..5711c63979d 100755
--- a/ci/lib.sh
+++ b/ci/lib.sh
@@ -224,6 +224,7 @@ linux-gcc-default)
 	;;
 Linux32)
 	CC=gcc
+	MAKEFLAGS="$MAKEFLAGS NO_UNCOMPRESS2=1"
 	;;
 linux-musl)
 	CC=gcc
diff --git a/compat/.gitattributes b/compat/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..40dbfb170da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/zlib-uncompress2.c	whitespace=-indent-with-non-tab,-trailing-space
diff --git a/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3dcb90b2839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* taken from zlib's uncompr.c
+
+   commit cacf7f1d4e3d44d871b605da3b647f07d718623f
+   Author: Mark Adler <madler@alumni.caltech.edu>
+   Date:   Sun Jan 15 09:18:46 2017 -0800
+
+       zlib 1.2.11
+
+*/
+
+#include "../reftable/system.h"
+#define z_const
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 1995-2003, 2010, 2014, 2016 Jean-loup Gailly, Mark Adler
+ * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
+ */
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+/* clang-format off */
+
+/* ===========================================================================
+     Decompresses the source buffer into the destination buffer.  *sourceLen is
+   the byte length of the source buffer. Upon entry, *destLen is the total size
+   of the destination buffer, which must be large enough to hold the entire
+   uncompressed data. (The size of the uncompressed data must have been saved
+   previously by the compressor and transmitted to the decompressor by some
+   mechanism outside the scope of this compression library.) Upon exit,
+   *destLen is the size of the decompressed data and *sourceLen is the number
+   of source bytes consumed. Upon return, source + *sourceLen points to the
+   first unused input byte.
+
+     uncompress returns Z_OK if success, Z_MEM_ERROR if there was not enough
+   memory, Z_BUF_ERROR if there was not enough room in the output buffer, or
+   Z_DATA_ERROR if the input data was corrupted, including if the input data is
+   an incomplete zlib stream.
+*/
+int ZEXPORT uncompress2 (
+    Bytef *dest,
+    uLongf *destLen,
+    const Bytef *source,
+    uLong *sourceLen) {
+    z_stream stream;
+    int err;
+    const uInt max = (uInt)-1;
+    uLong len, left;
+    Byte buf[1];    /* for detection of incomplete stream when *destLen == 0 */
+
+    len = *sourceLen;
+    if (*destLen) {
+        left = *destLen;
+        *destLen = 0;
+    }
+    else {
+        left = 1;
+        dest = buf;
+    }
+
+    stream.next_in = (z_const Bytef *)source;
+    stream.avail_in = 0;
+    stream.zalloc = (alloc_func)0;
+    stream.zfree = (free_func)0;
+    stream.opaque = (voidpf)0;
+
+    err = inflateInit(&stream);
+    if (err != Z_OK) return err;
+
+    stream.next_out = dest;
+    stream.avail_out = 0;
+
+    do {
+        if (stream.avail_out == 0) {
+            stream.avail_out = left > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)left;
+            left -= stream.avail_out;
+        }
+        if (stream.avail_in == 0) {
+            stream.avail_in = len > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)len;
+            len -= stream.avail_in;
+        }
+        err = inflate(&stream, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+    } while (err == Z_OK);
+
+    *sourceLen -= len + stream.avail_in;
+    if (dest != buf)
+        *destLen = stream.total_out;
+    else if (stream.total_out && err == Z_BUF_ERROR)
+        left = 1;
+
+    inflateEnd(&stream);
+    return err == Z_STREAM_END ? Z_OK :
+           err == Z_NEED_DICT ? Z_DATA_ERROR  :
+           err == Z_BUF_ERROR && left + stream.avail_out ? Z_DATA_ERROR :
+           err;
+}
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index 76516aaa9a5..4acc3e3609b 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -258,6 +258,10 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	FILENO_IS_A_MACRO = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
+	# Versions < 7.0 need compatibility layer
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : "[1-6]\."),2)
+		NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = UnfortunatelyYes
+	endif
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 031e8d3fee8..c3a913103d0 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -672,9 +672,22 @@ AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_SRC],
 	NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=yes])
 LIBS="$old_LIBS"
 
+AC_DEFUN([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC], [
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <zlib.h>],
+ [uncompress2(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);])])
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for uncompress2 in -lz])
+old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+LIBS="$LIBS -lz"
+AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2=yes])
+LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
 
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_DEFLATE_BOUND])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_UNCOMPRESS2])
 
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (6 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-30 12:23       ` [PATCH] squash! " Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (13 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of block. Within a block,
records are prefix compressed, with an index of offsets for fully expand keys to
enable binary search within blocks.

This commit provides the logic to read and write these blocks.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   2 +
 reftable/block.c         | 439 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/block.h         | 127 +++++++++++
 reftable/block_test.c    | 120 +++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 689 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 39e250c7e8c..f4528fdbaf2 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2436,10 +2436,12 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/block.c b/reftable/block.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..11387b260aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.c
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+int header_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 24;
+	case 2:
+		return 28;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+int footer_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 68;
+	case 2:
+		return 72;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int block_writer_register_restart(struct block_writer *w, int n,
+					 int is_restart, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	int rlen = w->restart_len;
+	if (rlen >= MAX_RESTARTS) {
+		is_restart = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (is_restart) {
+		rlen++;
+	}
+	if (2 + 3 * rlen + n > w->block_size - w->next)
+		return -1;
+	if (is_restart) {
+		if (w->restart_len == w->restart_cap) {
+			w->restart_cap = w->restart_cap * 2 + 1;
+			w->restarts = reftable_realloc(
+				w->restarts, sizeof(uint32_t) * w->restart_cap);
+		}
+
+		w->restarts[w->restart_len++] = w->next;
+	}
+
+	w->next += n;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, key);
+	w->entries++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size)
+{
+	bw->buf = buf;
+	bw->hash_size = hash_size;
+	bw->block_size = block_size;
+	bw->header_off = header_off;
+	bw->buf[header_off] = typ;
+	bw->next = header_off + 4;
+	bw->restart_interval = 16;
+	bw->entries = 0;
+	bw->restart_len = 0;
+	bw->last_key.len = 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	return bw->buf[bw->header_off];
+}
+
+/* adds the reftable_record to the block. Returns -1 if it does not fit, 0 on
+   success */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last =
+		w->entries % w->restart_interval == 0 ? empty : w->last_key;
+	struct string_view out = {
+		.buf = w->buf + w->next,
+		.len = w->block_size - w->next,
+	};
+
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int is_restart = 0;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&is_restart, out, last, key,
+				reftable_record_val_type(rec));
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	n = reftable_record_encode(rec, out, w->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	if (block_writer_register_restart(w, start.len - out.len, is_restart,
+					  &key) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->restart_len; i++) {
+		put_be24(w->buf + w->next, w->restarts[i]);
+		w->next += 3;
+	}
+
+	put_be16(w->buf + w->next, w->restart_len);
+	w->next += 2;
+	put_be24(w->buf + 1 + w->header_off, w->next);
+
+	if (block_writer_type(w) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + w->header_off;
+		uint8_t *compressed = NULL;
+		int zresult = 0;
+		uLongf src_len = w->next - block_header_skip;
+		size_t dest_cap = src_len;
+
+		compressed = reftable_malloc(dest_cap);
+		while (1) {
+			uLongf out_dest_len = dest_cap;
+
+			zresult = compress2(compressed, &out_dest_len,
+					    w->buf + block_header_skip, src_len,
+					    9);
+			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR) {
+				dest_cap *= 2;
+				compressed =
+					reftable_realloc(compressed, dest_cap);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if (Z_OK != zresult) {
+				reftable_free(compressed);
+				return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+			}
+
+			memcpy(w->buf + block_header_skip, compressed,
+			       out_dest_len);
+			w->next = out_dest_len + block_header_skip;
+			reftable_free(compressed);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return w->next;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->block.data[r->header_off];
+}
+
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *block,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size)
+{
+	uint32_t full_block_size = table_block_size;
+	uint8_t typ = block->data[header_off];
+	uint32_t sz = get_be24(block->data + header_off + 1);
+
+	uint16_t restart_count = 0;
+	uint32_t restart_start = 0;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes = NULL;
+
+	if (!reftable_is_block_type(typ))
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + header_off;
+		uLongf dst_len = sz - block_header_skip; /* total size of dest
+							    buffer. */
+		uLongf src_len = block->len - block_header_skip;
+		/* Log blocks specify the *uncompressed* size in their header.
+		 */
+		uint8_t *uncompressed = reftable_malloc(sz);
+
+		/* Copy over the block header verbatim. It's not compressed. */
+		memcpy(uncompressed, block->data, block_header_skip);
+
+		/* Uncompress */
+		if (Z_OK !=
+		    uncompress2(uncompressed + block_header_skip, &dst_len,
+				block->data + block_header_skip, &src_len)) {
+			reftable_free(uncompressed);
+			return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+		}
+
+		if (dst_len + block_header_skip != sz)
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+		/* We're done with the input data. */
+		reftable_block_done(block);
+		block->data = uncompressed;
+		block->len = sz;
+		block->source = malloc_block_source();
+		full_block_size = src_len + block_header_skip;
+	} else if (full_block_size == 0) {
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	} else if (sz < full_block_size && sz < block->len &&
+		   block->data[sz] != 0) {
+		/* If the block is smaller than the full block size, it is
+		   padded (data followed by '\0') or the next block is
+		   unaligned. */
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	}
+
+	restart_count = get_be16(block->data + sz - 2);
+	restart_start = sz - 2 - 3 * restart_count;
+	restart_bytes = block->data + restart_start;
+
+	/* transfer ownership. */
+	br->block = *block;
+	block->data = NULL;
+	block->len = 0;
+
+	br->hash_size = hash_size;
+	br->block_len = restart_start;
+	br->full_block_size = full_block_size;
+	br->header_off = header_off;
+	br->restart_count = restart_count;
+	br->restart_bytes = restart_bytes;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static uint32_t block_reader_restart_offset(struct block_reader *br, int i)
+{
+	return get_be24(br->restart_bytes + 3 * i);
+}
+
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	it->br = br;
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+}
+
+struct restart_find_args {
+	int error;
+	struct strbuf key;
+	struct block_reader *r;
+};
+
+static int restart_key_less(size_t idx, void *args)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args *a = args;
+	uint32_t off = block_reader_restart_offset(a->r, idx);
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = a->r->block.data + off,
+		.len = a->r->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	/* the restart key is verbatim in the block, so this could avoid the
+	   alloc for decoding the key */
+	struct strbuf rkey = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t unused_extra;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(&rkey, &unused_extra, last_key, in);
+	int result;
+	if (n < 0) {
+		a->error = 1;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	result = strbuf_cmp(&a->key, &rkey);
+	strbuf_release(&rkey);
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->br = src->br;
+	dest->next_off = src->next_off;
+	strbuf_reset(&dest->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dest->last_key, &src->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = it->br->block.data + it->next_off,
+		.len = it->br->block_len - it->next_off,
+	};
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (it->next_off >= it->br->block_len)
+		return 1;
+
+	n = reftable_decode_key(&key, &extra, it->last_key, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	n = reftable_record_decode(rec, key, extra, in, it->br->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&it->last_key, &key);
+	it->next_off += start.len - in.len;
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int off = br->header_off + 4;
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = br->block.data + off,
+		.len = br->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(key, &extra, empty, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	return block_reader_seek(it->br, it, want);
+}
+
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&it->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args args = {
+		.key = *want,
+		.r = br,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(block_reader_type(br));
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct block_iter next = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+
+	int i = binsearch(br->restart_count, &restart_key_less, &args);
+	if (args.error) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	it->br = br;
+	if (i > 0) {
+		i--;
+		it->next_off = block_reader_restart_offset(br, i);
+	} else {
+		it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+	}
+
+	/* We're looking for the last entry less/equal than the wanted key, so
+	   we have to go one entry too far and then back up.
+	*/
+	while (1) {
+		block_iter_copy_from(&next, it);
+		err = block_iter_next(&next, &rec);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		if (err > 0 || strbuf_cmp(&key, want) >= 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		block_iter_copy_from(it, &next);
+	}
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&next.last_key);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(bw->restarts);
+	strbuf_release(&bw->last_key);
+	/* the block is not owned. */
+}
+
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *blockp)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source source = blockp->source;
+	if (blockp && source.ops)
+		source.ops->return_block(source.arg, blockp);
+	blockp->data = NULL;
+	blockp->len = 0;
+	blockp->source.ops = NULL;
+	blockp->source.arg = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/block.h b/reftable/block.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e207706a644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.h
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCK_H
+#define BLOCK_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Writes reftable blocks. The block_writer is reused across blocks to minimize
+ * allocation overhead.
+ */
+struct block_writer {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* Offset ofof the global header. Nonzero in the first block only. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* How often to restart keys. */
+	int restart_interval;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* Offset of next uint8_t to write. */
+	uint32_t next;
+	uint32_t *restarts;
+	uint32_t restart_len;
+	uint32_t restart_cap;
+
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+	int entries;
+};
+
+/*
+ * initializes the blockwriter to write `typ` entries, using `buf` as temporary
+ * storage. `buf` is not owned by the block_writer. */
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size);
+
+/* returns the block type (eg. 'r' for ref records. */
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* appends the record, or -1 if it doesn't fit. */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* appends the key restarts, and compress the block if necessary. */
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w);
+
+/* clears out internally allocated block_writer members. */
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* Read a block. */
+struct block_reader {
+	/* offset of the block header; nonzero for the first block in a
+	 * reftable. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* the memory block */
+	struct reftable_block block;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* size of the data, excluding restart data. */
+	uint32_t block_len;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes;
+	uint16_t restart_count;
+
+	/* size of the data in the file. For log blocks, this is the compressed
+	 * size. */
+	uint32_t full_block_size;
+};
+
+/* Iterate over entries in a block */
+struct block_iter {
+	/* offset within the block of the next entry to read. */
+	uint32_t next_off;
+	struct block_reader *br;
+
+	/* key for last entry we read. */
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+};
+
+/* initializes a block reader. */
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *bl,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size);
+
+/* Position `it` at start of the block */
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* Position `it` to the `want` key in the block */
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* Returns the block type (eg. 'r' for refs) */
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r);
+
+/* Decodes the first key in the block */
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key);
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src);
+
+/* return < 0 for error, 0 for OK, > 0 for EOF. */
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* Seek to `want` with in the block pointed to by `it` */
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* deallocate memory for `it`. The block reader and its block is left intact. */
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* size of file header, depending on format version */
+int header_size(int version);
+
+/* size of file footer, depending on format version */
+int footer_size(int version);
+
+/* returns a block to its source. */
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *ret);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/block_test.c b/reftable/block_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b3ea262dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_block_read_write(void)
+{
+	const int header_off = 21; /* random */
+	char *names[30];
+	const int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names);
+	const int block_size = 1024;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	struct block_writer bw = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	int j = 0;
+	struct strbuf want = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	block.data = reftable_calloc(block_size);
+	block.len = block_size;
+	block.source = malloc_block_source();
+	block_writer_init(&bw, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, block.data, block_size,
+			  header_off, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%02d", i);
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		n = block_writer_add(&bw, &rec);
+		ref.refname = NULL;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = block_writer_finish(&bw);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	block_writer_release(&bw);
+
+	block_reader_init(&br, &block, header_off, block_size, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+
+	block_reader_start(&br, &it);
+
+	while (1) {
+		int r = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[j], ref.refname);
+		j++;
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	block_iter_close(&it);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+		strbuf_reset(&want);
+		strbuf_addstr(&want, names[i]);
+
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], ref.refname);
+
+		want.len--;
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[10 * (i / 10)], ref.refname);
+
+		block_iter_close(&it);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	reftable_block_done(&br.block);
+	strbuf_release(&want);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_block_read_write);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 09d4b83ef9b..c9deeaf08c7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (7 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (12 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format includes support for an (OID => ref) map. This map can speed
up visibility and reachability checks. In particular, various operations along
the fetch/push path within Gerrit have ben sped up by using this structure.

The map is constructed with help of a binary tree. Object IDs are hashes, so
they are uniformly distributed. Hence, the tree does not attempt forced
rebalancing.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |  4 ++-
 reftable/tree.c          | 63 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree.h          | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree_test.c     | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |  1 +
 5 files changed, 162 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index f4528fdbaf2..339a44f9271 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2440,11 +2440,13 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
-REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
diff --git a/reftable/tree.c b/reftable/tree.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82db7995dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert)
+{
+	int res;
+	if (*rootp == NULL) {
+		if (!insert) {
+			return NULL;
+		} else {
+			struct tree_node *n =
+				reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct tree_node));
+			n->key = key;
+			*rootp = n;
+			return *rootp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	res = compare(key, (*rootp)->key);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->left, compare, insert);
+	else if (res > 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->right, compare, insert);
+	return *rootp;
+}
+
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg)
+{
+	if (t->left) {
+		infix_walk(t->left, action, arg);
+	}
+	action(arg, t->key);
+	if (t->right) {
+		infix_walk(t->right, action, arg);
+	}
+}
+
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t)
+{
+	if (t == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+	if (t->left) {
+		tree_free(t->left);
+	}
+	if (t->right) {
+		tree_free(t->right);
+	}
+	reftable_free(t);
+}
diff --git a/reftable/tree.h b/reftable/tree.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbdd002e23a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TREE_H
+#define TREE_H
+
+/* tree_node is a generic binary search tree. */
+struct tree_node {
+	void *key;
+	struct tree_node *left, *right;
+};
+
+/* looks for `key` in `rootp` using `compare` as comparison function. If insert
+ * is set, insert the key if it's not found. Else, return NULL.
+ */
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert);
+
+/* performs an infix walk of the tree. */
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg);
+
+/*
+ * deallocates the tree nodes recursively. Keys should be deallocated separately
+ * by walking over the tree. */
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/tree_test.c b/reftable/tree_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cbff1255886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static int test_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return (char *)a - (char *)b;
+}
+
+struct curry {
+	void *last;
+};
+
+static void check_increasing(void *arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct curry *c = arg;
+	if (c->last) {
+		EXPECT(test_compare(c->last, key) < 0);
+	}
+	c->last = key;
+}
+
+static void test_tree(void)
+{
+	struct tree_node *root = NULL;
+
+	void *values[11] = { NULL };
+	struct tree_node *nodes[11] = { NULL };
+	int i = 1;
+	struct curry c = { NULL };
+	do {
+		nodes[i] = tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 1);
+		i = (i * 7) % 11;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nodes); i++) {
+		EXPECT(values + i == nodes[i]->key);
+		EXPECT(nodes[i] ==
+		       tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 0));
+	}
+
+	infix_walk(root, check_increasing, &c);
+	tree_free(root);
+}
+
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_tree);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c9deeaf08c7..050551fa698 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 10/19] reftable: write reftable files
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (8 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (11 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   1 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h | 148 ++++++++
 reftable/writer.c          | 690 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h          |  50 +++
 4 files changed, 889 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 339a44f9271..38aa8d5400f 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2441,6 +2441,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-writer.h b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af36462ced5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+#define REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <unistd.h> /* ssize_t */
+
+/* Writing single reftables */
+
+/* reftable_write_options sets options for writing a single reftable. */
+struct reftable_write_options {
+	/* boolean: do not pad out blocks to block size. */
+	unsigned unpadded : 1;
+
+	/* the blocksize. Should be less than 2^24. */
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* boolean: do not generate a SHA1 => ref index. */
+	unsigned skip_index_objects : 1;
+
+	/* how often to write complete keys in each block. */
+	int restart_interval;
+
+	/* 4-byte identifier ("sha1", "s256") of the hash.
+	 * Defaults to SHA1 if unset
+	 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	/* boolean: do not check ref names for validity or dir/file conflicts.
+	 */
+	unsigned skip_name_check : 1;
+
+	/* boolean: copy log messages exactly. If unset, check that the message
+	 *   is a single line, and add '\n' if missing.
+	 */
+	unsigned exact_log_message : 1;
+};
+
+/* reftable_block_stats holds statistics for a single block type */
+struct reftable_block_stats {
+	/* total number of entries written */
+	int entries;
+	/* total number of key restarts */
+	int restarts;
+	/* total number of blocks */
+	int blocks;
+	/* total number of index blocks */
+	int index_blocks;
+	/* depth of the index */
+	int max_index_level;
+
+	/* offset of the first block for this type */
+	uint64_t offset;
+	/* offset of the top level index block for this type, or 0 if not
+	 * present */
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* stats holds overall statistics for a single reftable */
+struct reftable_stats {
+	/* total number of blocks written. */
+	int blocks;
+	/* stats for ref data */
+	struct reftable_block_stats ref_stats;
+	/* stats for the SHA1 to ref map. */
+	struct reftable_block_stats obj_stats;
+	/* stats for index blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats idx_stats;
+	/* stats for log blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats log_stats;
+
+	/* disambiguation length of shortened object IDs. */
+	int object_id_len;
+};
+
+/* reftable_new_writer creates a new writer */
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts);
+
+/* Set the range of update indices for the records we will add. When writing a
+   table into a stack, the min should be at least
+   reftable_stack_next_update_index(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned.
+
+   For transactional updates to a stack, typically min==max, and the
+   update_index can be obtained by inspeciting the stack. When converting an
+   existing ref database into a single reftable, this would be a range of
+   update-index timestamps.
+ */
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max);
+
+/*
+  Add a reftable_ref_record. The record should have names that come after
+  already added records.
+
+  The update_index must be within the limits set by
+  reftable_writer_set_limits(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned. It is an
+  REFTABLE_API_ERROR error to write a ref record after a log record.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_ref_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering the records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n);
+
+/*
+  adds reftable_log_records. Log records are keyed by (refname, decreasing
+  update_index). The key for the record added must come after the already added
+  log records.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_log_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n);
+
+/* reftable_writer_close finalizes the reftable. The writer is retained so
+ * statistics can be inspected. */
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* writer_stats returns the statistics on the reftable being written.
+
+   This struct becomes invalid when the writer is freed.
+ */
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* reftable_writer_free deallocates memory for the writer */
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/writer.c b/reftable/writer.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ca721e9f64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,690 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "writer.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+/* finishes a block, and writes it to storage */
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* deallocates memory related to the index */
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* finishes writing a 'r' (refs) or 'g' (reflogs) section */
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+static struct reftable_block_stats *
+writer_reftable_block_stats(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case 'r':
+		return &w->stats.ref_stats;
+	case 'o':
+		return &w->stats.obj_stats;
+	case 'i':
+		return &w->stats.idx_stats;
+	case 'g':
+		return &w->stats.log_stats;
+	}
+	abort();
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* write data, queuing the padding for the next write. Returns negative for
+ * error. */
+static int padded_write(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *data, size_t len,
+			int padding)
+{
+	int n = 0;
+	if (w->pending_padding > 0) {
+		uint8_t *zeroed = reftable_calloc(w->pending_padding);
+		int n = w->write(w->write_arg, zeroed, w->pending_padding);
+		if (n < 0)
+			return n;
+
+		w->pending_padding = 0;
+		reftable_free(zeroed);
+	}
+
+	w->pending_padding = padding;
+	n = w->write(w->write_arg, data, len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	n += padding;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void options_set_defaults(struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	if (opts->restart_interval == 0) {
+		opts->restart_interval = 16;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->hash_id == 0) {
+		opts->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+	if (opts->block_size == 0) {
+		opts->block_size = DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	}
+}
+
+static int writer_version(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return (w->opts.hash_id == 0 || w->opts.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ?
+			     1 :
+			     2;
+}
+
+static int writer_write_header(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *dest)
+{
+	memcpy(dest, "REFT", 4);
+
+	dest[4] = writer_version(w);
+
+	put_be24(dest + 5, w->opts.block_size);
+	put_be64(dest + 8, w->min_update_index);
+	put_be64(dest + 16, w->max_update_index);
+	if (writer_version(w) == 2) {
+		put_be32(dest + 24, w->opts.hash_id);
+	}
+	return header_size(writer_version(w));
+}
+
+static void writer_reinit_block_writer(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	int block_start = 0;
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		block_start = header_size(writer_version(w));
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	block_writer_init(&w->block_writer_data, typ, w->block,
+			  w->opts.block_size, block_start,
+			  hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+	w->block_writer = &w->block_writer_data;
+	w->block_writer->restart_interval = w->opts.restart_interval;
+}
+
+static struct strbuf reftable_empty_strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	struct reftable_writer *wp =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_writer));
+	strbuf_init(&wp->block_writer_data.last_key, 0);
+	options_set_defaults(opts);
+	if (opts->block_size >= (1 << 24)) {
+		/* TODO - error return? */
+		abort();
+	}
+	wp->last_key = reftable_empty_strbuf;
+	wp->block = reftable_calloc(opts->block_size);
+	wp->write = writer_func;
+	wp->write_arg = writer_arg;
+	wp->opts = *opts;
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(wp, BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+
+	return wp;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max)
+{
+	w->min_update_index = min;
+	w->max_update_index = max;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	reftable_free(w->block);
+	reftable_free(w);
+}
+
+struct obj_index_tree_node {
+	struct strbuf hash;
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+	size_t offset_len;
+	size_t offset_cap;
+};
+
+#define OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT    \
+	{                           \
+		.hash = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int obj_index_tree_node_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strbuf_cmp(&((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)a)->hash,
+			  &((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)b)->hash);
+}
+
+static void writer_index_hash(struct reftable_writer *w, struct strbuf *hash)
+{
+	uint64_t off = w->next;
+
+	struct obj_index_tree_node want = { .hash = *hash };
+
+	struct tree_node *node = tree_search(&want, &w->obj_index_tree,
+					     &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 0);
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *key = NULL;
+	if (node == NULL) {
+		struct obj_index_tree_node empty = OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT;
+		key = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct obj_index_tree_node));
+		*key = empty;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&key->hash);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&key->hash, hash);
+		tree_search((void *)key, &w->obj_index_tree,
+			    &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 1);
+	} else {
+		key = node->key;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len > 0 && key->offsets[key->offset_len - 1] == off) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len == key->offset_cap) {
+		key->offset_cap = 2 * key->offset_cap + 1;
+		key->offsets = reftable_realloc(
+			key->offsets, sizeof(uint64_t) * key->offset_cap);
+	}
+
+	key->offsets[key->offset_len++] = off;
+}
+
+static int writer_add_record(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	if (strbuf_cmp(&w->last_key, &key) >= 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, &key);
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL) {
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	}
+
+	assert(block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == reftable_record_type(rec));
+
+	if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec) == 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record copy = *ref;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (ref->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+	if (ref->update_index < w->min_update_index ||
+	    ref->update_index > w->max_update_index)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &copy);
+	copy.update_index -= w->min_update_index;
+
+	err = writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val1(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, (char *)reftable_ref_record_val1(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val2(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, reftable_ref_record_val2(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(refs, n, reftable_ref_record_compare_name);
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(struct reftable_writer *w,
+					    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (w->block_writer &&
+	    block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	w->next -= w->pending_padding;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	char *input_log_message = NULL;
+	struct strbuf cleaned_message = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+
+	if (log->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	input_log_message = log->value.update.message;
+	if (!w->opts.exact_log_message && log->value.update.message) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, log->value.update.message);
+		while (cleaned_message.len &&
+		       cleaned_message.buf[cleaned_message.len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(&cleaned_message,
+				      cleaned_message.len - 1);
+		if (strchr(cleaned_message.buf, '\n')) {
+			/* multiple lines not allowed. */
+			err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, "\n");
+		log->value.update.message = cleaned_message.buf;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+	log->value.update.message = input_log_message;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&cleaned_message);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(logs, n, reftable_log_record_compare_key);
+
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &logs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	uint64_t index_start = 0;
+	int max_level = 0;
+	int threshold = w->opts.unpadded ? 1 : 3;
+	int before_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks;
+	int err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats = NULL;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	while (w->index_len > threshold) {
+		struct reftable_index_record *idx = NULL;
+		int idx_len = 0;
+
+		max_level++;
+		index_start = w->next;
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+		idx = w->index;
+		idx_len = w->index_len;
+
+		w->index = NULL;
+		w->index_len = 0;
+		w->index_cap = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+			reftable_record_from_index(&rec, idx + i);
+			if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec) == 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			err = writer_flush_block(w);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+
+			writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+			err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec);
+			if (err != 0) {
+				/* write into fresh block should always succeed
+				 */
+				abort();
+			}
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			strbuf_release(&idx[i].last_key);
+		}
+		reftable_free(idx);
+	}
+
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	bstats = writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	bstats->index_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks - before_blocks;
+	bstats->index_offset = index_start;
+	bstats->max_index_level = max_level;
+
+	/* Reinit lastKey, as the next section can start with any key. */
+	w->last_key.len = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct common_prefix_arg {
+	struct strbuf *last;
+	int max;
+};
+
+static void update_common(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct common_prefix_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	if (arg->last) {
+		int n = common_prefix_size(&entry->hash, arg->last);
+		if (n > arg->max) {
+			arg->max = n;
+		}
+	}
+	arg->last = &entry->hash;
+}
+
+struct write_record_arg {
+	struct reftable_writer *w;
+	int err;
+};
+
+static void write_object_record(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	struct reftable_obj_record obj_rec = {
+		.hash_prefix = (uint8_t *)entry->hash.buf,
+		.hash_prefix_len = arg->w->stats.object_id_len,
+		.offsets = entry->offsets,
+		.offset_len = entry->offset_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &obj_rec);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	arg->err = writer_flush_block(arg->w);
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(arg->w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+	obj_rec.offset_len = 0;
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+
+	/* Should be able to write into a fresh block. */
+	assert(arg->err == 0);
+
+done:;
+}
+
+static void object_record_free(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(entry->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&entry->hash);
+	reftable_free(entry);
+}
+
+static int writer_dump_object_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg closure = { .w = w };
+	struct common_prefix_arg common = { NULL };
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &update_common, &common);
+	}
+	w->stats.object_id_len = common.max + 1;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &write_object_record, &closure);
+	}
+
+	if (closure.err < 0)
+		return closure.err;
+	return writer_finish_section(w);
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	err = writer_finish_section(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF && !w->opts.skip_index_objects &&
+	    w->stats.ref_stats.index_blocks > 0) {
+		err = writer_dump_object_index(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &object_record_free, NULL);
+		tree_free(w->obj_index_tree);
+		w->obj_index_tree = NULL;
+	}
+
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t footer[72];
+	uint8_t *p = footer;
+	int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+	int empty_table = w->next == 0;
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+	if (empty_table) {
+		/* Empty tables need a header anyway. */
+		uint8_t header[28];
+		int n = writer_write_header(w, header);
+		err = padded_write(w, header, n, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	p += writer_write_header(w, footer);
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.ref_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, (w->stats.obj_stats.offset) << 5 | w->stats.object_id_len);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.obj_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be32(p, crc32(0, footer, p - footer));
+	p += 4;
+
+	err = padded_write(w, footer, footer_size(writer_version(w)), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (empty_table) {
+		err = REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	/* free up memory. */
+	block_writer_release(&w->block_writer_data);
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->index_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&w->index[i].last_key);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(w->index);
+	w->index_len = 0;
+	w->index_cap = 0;
+}
+
+static const int debug = 0;
+
+static int writer_flush_nonempty_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats =
+		writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	uint64_t block_typ_off = (bstats->blocks == 0) ? w->next : 0;
+	int raw_bytes = block_writer_finish(w->block_writer);
+	int padding = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_index_record ir = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	if (raw_bytes < 0)
+		return raw_bytes;
+
+	if (!w->opts.unpadded && typ != BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		padding = w->opts.block_size - raw_bytes;
+	}
+
+	if (block_typ_off > 0) {
+		bstats->offset = block_typ_off;
+	}
+
+	bstats->entries += w->block_writer->entries;
+	bstats->restarts += w->block_writer->restart_len;
+	bstats->blocks++;
+	w->stats.blocks++;
+
+	if (debug) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "block %c off %" PRIu64 " sz %d (%d)\n", typ,
+			w->next, raw_bytes,
+			get_be24(w->block + w->block_writer->header_off + 1));
+	}
+
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		writer_write_header(w, w->block);
+	}
+
+	err = padded_write(w, w->block, raw_bytes, padding);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (w->index_cap == w->index_len) {
+		w->index_cap = 2 * w->index_cap + 1;
+		w->index = reftable_realloc(
+			w->index,
+			sizeof(struct reftable_index_record) * w->index_cap);
+	}
+
+	ir.offset = w->next;
+	strbuf_reset(&ir.last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&ir.last_key, &w->block_writer->last_key);
+	w->index[w->index_len] = ir;
+
+	w->index_len++;
+	w->next += padding + raw_bytes;
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	if (w->block_writer->entries == 0)
+		return 0;
+	return writer_flush_nonempty_block(w);
+}
+
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return &w->stats;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/writer.h b/reftable/writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09b88673d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef WRITER_H
+#define WRITER_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+struct reftable_writer {
+	ssize_t (*write)(void *, const void *, size_t);
+	void *write_arg;
+	int pending_padding;
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+
+	/* offset of next block to write. */
+	uint64_t next;
+	uint64_t min_update_index, max_update_index;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts;
+
+	/* memory buffer for writing */
+	uint8_t *block;
+
+	/* writer for the current section. NULL or points to
+	 * block_writer_data */
+	struct block_writer *block_writer;
+
+	struct block_writer block_writer_data;
+
+	/* pending index records for the current section */
+	struct reftable_index_record *index;
+	size_t index_len;
+	size_t index_cap;
+
+	/*
+	 * tree for use with tsearch; used to populate the 'o' inverse OID
+	 * map */
+	struct tree_node *obj_index_tree;
+
+	struct reftable_stats stats;
+};
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (9 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (10 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                     |   3 +
 reftable/generic.c           | 169 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/generic.h           |  32 +++++++
 reftable/reftable-generic.h  |  47 ++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h |  39 ++++++++
 reftable/reftable.c          | 115 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 405 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 38aa8d5400f..c6bbf4d4a2f 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2440,6 +2440,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/stack.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/generic.c b/reftable/generic.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a8a738d860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = ~((uint64_t)0),
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab) {
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	uint32_t hash_id = reftable_table_hash_id(tab);
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_ref_record_print(&ref, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_table_seek_log(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_log_record_print(&log, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/generic.h b/reftable/generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98886a06402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef GENERIC_H
+#define GENERIC_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* generic interface to reftables */
+struct reftable_table_vtable {
+	int (*seek_record)(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			   struct reftable_record *);
+	uint32_t (*hash_id)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*min_update_index)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*max_update_index)(void *tab);
+};
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable {
+	int (*next)(void *iter_arg, struct reftable_record *rec);
+	void (*close)(void *iter_arg);
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-generic.h b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d239751a778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+#define REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct reftable_table_vtable;
+
+/*
+ * Provides a unified API for reading tables, either merged tables, or single
+ * readers. */
+struct reftable_table {
+	struct reftable_table_vtable *ops;
+	void *table_arg;
+};
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID from a generic reftable_table */
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0
+   for success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* dump table contents onto stdout for debugging */
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-iterator.h b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3eee7af357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable;
+
+/* iterator is the generic interface for walking over data stored in a
+ * reftable.
+ */
+struct reftable_iterator {
+	struct reftable_iterator_vtable *ops;
+	void *iter_arg;
+};
+
+/* reads the next reftable_ref_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* reads the next reftable_log_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* releases resources associated with an iterator. */
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable.c b/reftable/reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e4607a7cd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 12/19] reftable: read reftable files
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (10 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (9 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This supports reading a single reftable file.

The commit introduces an abstract iterator type, which captures the usecases
both of reading individual refs, and iterating over a segment of the ref
namespace.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/iter.c            | 194 +++++++++
 reftable/iter.h            |  69 ++++
 reftable/reader.c          | 801 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h          |  66 +++
 reftable/reftable-reader.h | 101 +++++
 6 files changed, 1233 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index c6bbf4d4a2f..8a058df33b8 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2438,7 +2438,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
diff --git a/reftable/iter.c b/reftable/iter.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93d04f735b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "iter.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	return !it->ops;
+}
+
+static void filtering_ref_iterator_close(void *iter_arg)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	strbuf_release(&fri->oid);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&fri->it);
+}
+
+static int filtering_ref_iterator_next(void *iter_arg,
+				       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+	int err = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&fri->it, ref);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (fri->double_check) {
+			struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+			err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&fri->tab, &it,
+						      ref->refname);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+			}
+
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+			if (err < 0) {
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (err > 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 &&
+		    (!memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			     fri->oid.len) ||
+		     !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value,
+			     fri->oid.len)))
+			return 0;
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 &&
+		    !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val1, fri->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable filtering_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	.next = &filtering_ref_iterator_next,
+	.close = &filtering_ref_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = fri;
+	it->ops = &filtering_ref_iterator_vtable;
+}
+
+static void indexed_table_ref_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	block_iter_close(&it->cur);
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+	reftable_free(it->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&it->oid);
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it)
+{
+	uint64_t off;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (it->offset_idx == it->offset_len) {
+		it->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+
+	off = it->offsets[it->offset_idx++];
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(it->r, &it->block_reader, off,
+				       BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (err > 0) {
+		/* indexed block does not exist. */
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+	}
+	block_reader_start(&it->block_reader, &it->cur);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int err = block_iter_next(&it->cur, rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(it);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				return err;
+			}
+
+			if (it->is_finished) {
+				return 1;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* BUG */
+		if (!memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			    it->oid.len) ||
+		    !memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value, it->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter empty = INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct indexed_table_ref_iter));
+	int err = 0;
+
+	*itr = empty;
+	itr->r = r;
+	strbuf_add(&itr->oid, oid, oid_len);
+
+	itr->offsets = offsets;
+	itr->offset_len = offset_len;
+
+	err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(itr);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(itr);
+	} else {
+		*dest = itr;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &indexed_table_ref_iter_next,
+	.close = &indexed_table_ref_iter_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = itr;
+	it->ops = &indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/iter.h b/reftable/iter.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09eb0cbfa59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef ITER_H
+#define ITER_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* Returns true for a zeroed out iterator, such as the one returned from
+ * iterator_destroy. */
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid` */
+struct filtering_ref_iterator {
+	int double_check;
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+	struct reftable_iterator it;
+};
+#define FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT \
+	{                           \
+		.oid = STRBUF_INIT  \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid`,
+ * but using the object index.
+ */
+struct indexed_table_ref_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+
+	/* mutable */
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+
+	/* Points to the next offset to read. */
+	int offset_idx;
+	int offset_len;
+	struct block_reader block_reader;
+	struct block_iter cur;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+
+#define INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT                                     \
+	{                                                               \
+		.cur = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT }, .oid = STRBUF_INIT, \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr);
+
+/* Takes ownership of `offsets` */
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reader.c b/reftable/reader.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ab7a981eb8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.c
@@ -0,0 +1,801 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reader.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	return source->ops->size(source->arg);
+}
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size)
+{
+	int result = source->ops->read_block(source->arg, dest, off, size);
+	dest->source = *source;
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	if (!source->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	source->ops->close(source->arg);
+	source->ops = NULL;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader_offsets *
+reader_offsets_for(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		return &r->ref_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		return &r->log_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+		return &r->obj_offsets;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reader_get_block(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t sz)
+{
+	if (off >= r->size)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (off + sz > r->size) {
+		sz = r->size - off;
+	}
+
+	return block_source_read_block(&r->source, dest, off, sz);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->hash_id;
+}
+
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->name;
+}
+
+static int parse_footer(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *footer,
+			uint8_t *header)
+{
+	uint8_t *f = footer;
+	uint8_t first_block_typ;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t computed_crc;
+	uint32_t file_crc;
+
+	if (memcmp(f, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	f += 4;
+
+	if (memcmp(footer, header, header_size(r->version))) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	f++;
+	r->block_size = get_be24(f);
+
+	f += 3;
+	r->min_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->max_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	if (r->version == 1) {
+		r->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	} else {
+		r->hash_id = get_be32(f);
+		switch (r->hash_id) {
+		case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		default:
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		f += 4;
+	}
+
+	r->ref_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->object_id_len = r->obj_offsets.offset & ((1 << 5) - 1);
+	r->obj_offsets.offset >>= 5;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	computed_crc = crc32(0, footer, f - footer);
+	file_crc = get_be32(f);
+	f += 4;
+	if (computed_crc != file_crc) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	first_block_typ = header[header_size(r->version)];
+	r->ref_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	r->ref_offsets.offset = 0;
+	r->log_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG ||
+				     r->log_offsets.offset > 0);
+	r->obj_offsets.is_present = r->obj_offsets.offset > 0;
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	return err;
+}
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_block footer = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block header = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t file_size = block_source_size(source);
+
+	/* Need +1 to read type of first block. */
+	uint32_t read_size = header_size(2) + 1; /* read v2 because it's larger.  */
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+
+	if (read_size > file_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &header, 0, read_size);
+	if (err != read_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (memcmp(header.data, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	r->version = header.data[4];
+	if (r->version != 1 && r->version != 2) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	r->size = file_size - footer_size(r->version);
+	r->source = *source;
+	r->name = xstrdup(name);
+	r->hash_id = 0;
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &footer, r->size,
+				      footer_size(r->version));
+	if (err != footer_size(r->version)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = parse_footer(r, footer.data, header.data);
+done:
+	reftable_block_done(&footer);
+	reftable_block_done(&header);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct table_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	uint64_t block_off;
+	struct block_iter bi;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+#define TABLE_ITER_INIT                          \
+	{                                        \
+		.bi = {.last_key = STRBUF_INIT } \
+	}
+
+static void table_iter_copy_from(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = src->block_off;
+	dest->is_finished = src->is_finished;
+	block_iter_copy_from(&dest->bi, &src->bi);
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_in_block(struct table_iter *ti,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	int res = block_iter_next(&ti->bi, rec);
+	if (res == 0 && reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		((struct reftable_ref_record *)rec->data)->update_index +=
+			ti->r->min_update_index;
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void table_iter_block_done(struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	if (!ti->bi.br) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_block_done(&ti->bi.br->block);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(ti->bi.br);
+
+	ti->bi.last_key.len = 0;
+	ti->bi.next_off = 0;
+}
+
+static int32_t extract_block_size(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *typ, uint64_t off,
+				  int version)
+{
+	int32_t result = 0;
+
+	if (off == 0) {
+		data += header_size(version);
+	}
+
+	*typ = data[0];
+	if (reftable_is_block_type(*typ)) {
+		result = get_be24(data + 1);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ)
+{
+	int32_t guess_block_size = r->block_size ? r->block_size :
+							 DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	uint8_t block_typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t header_off = next_off ? 0 : header_size(r->version);
+	int32_t block_size = 0;
+
+	if (next_off >= r->size)
+		return 1;
+
+	err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, guess_block_size);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	block_size = extract_block_size(block.data, &block_typ, next_off,
+					r->version);
+	if (block_size < 0)
+		return block_size;
+
+	if (want_typ != BLOCK_TYPE_ANY && block_typ != want_typ) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (block_size > guess_block_size) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, block_size);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return block_reader_init(br, &block, header_off, r->block_size,
+				 hash_size(r->hash_id));
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_block(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	uint64_t next_block_off = src->block_off + src->bi.br->full_block_size;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = next_block_off;
+
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(src->r, &br, next_block_off, src->typ);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		dest->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct block_reader *brp =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+		*brp = br;
+
+		dest->is_finished = 0;
+		block_reader_start(brp, &dest->bi);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next(struct table_iter *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	if (reftable_record_type(rec) != ti->typ)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		int err = 0;
+		if (ti->is_finished) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_in_block(ti, rec);
+		if (err <= 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			ti->is_finished = 1;
+		}
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+		block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	}
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_void(void *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return table_iter_next(ti, rec);
+}
+
+static void table_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct table_iter *ti = p;
+	table_iter_block_done(ti);
+	block_iter_close(&ti->bi);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable table_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &table_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &table_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_table_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = ti;
+	it->ops = &table_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+static int reader_table_iter_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct table_iter *ti, uint64_t off,
+				uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_reader *brp = NULL;
+
+	int err = reader_init_block_reader(r, &br, off, typ);
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+
+	brp = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+	*brp = br;
+	ti->r = r;
+	ti->typ = block_reader_type(brp);
+	ti->block_off = off;
+	block_reader_start(brp, &ti->bi);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reader_start(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			uint8_t typ, int index)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	uint64_t off = offs->offset;
+	if (index) {
+		off = offs->index_offset;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		typ = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX;
+	}
+
+	return reader_table_iter_at(r, ti, off, typ);
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_linear(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			      struct reftable_record *want)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(want));
+	struct strbuf want_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf got_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+
+	reftable_record_key(want, &want_key);
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = block_reader_first_key(next.bi.br, &got_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (strbuf_cmp(&got_key, &want_key) > 0) {
+			table_iter_block_done(&next);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+	}
+
+	err = block_iter_seek(&ti->bi, &want_key);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = 0;
+
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+	strbuf_release(&want_key);
+	strbuf_release(&got_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			       struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record want_index = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record want_index_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record index_result = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record index_result_rec = { NULL };
+	struct table_iter index_iter = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &want_index.last_key);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&want_index_rec, &want_index);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&index_result_rec, &index_result);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &index_iter, reftable_record_type(rec), 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &index_iter, &want_index_rec);
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next(&index_iter, &index_result_rec);
+		table_iter_block_done(&index_iter);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = reader_table_iter_at(r, &next, index_result.offset, 0);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = block_iter_seek(&next.bi, &want_index.last_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (next.typ == reftable_record_type(rec)) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (next.typ != BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX) {
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_copy_from(&index_iter, &next);
+	}
+
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct table_iter empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		struct table_iter *malloced =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*malloced = empty;
+		table_iter_copy_from(malloced, &next);
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, malloced);
+	}
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	table_iter_close(&index_iter);
+	reftable_record_release(&want_index_rec);
+	reftable_record_release(&index_result_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_internal(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs =
+		reader_offsets_for(r, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	uint64_t idx = offs->index_offset;
+	struct table_iter ti = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (idx > 0)
+		return reader_seek_indexed(r, it, rec);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &ti, reftable_record_type(rec), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &ti, rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct table_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*p = ti;
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, p);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+		struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = reftable_record_type(rec);
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	if (!offs->is_present) {
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return reader_seek_internal(r, it, rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_reader_seek_log_at(r, it, name, max);
+}
+
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	block_source_close(&r->source);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(r->name);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **p,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, char const *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader *rd =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+	int err = init_reader(rd, src, name);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		*p = rd;
+	} else {
+		block_source_close(src);
+		reftable_free(rd);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	reader_close(r);
+	reftable_free(r);
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					    uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record want = {
+		.hash_prefix = oid,
+		.hash_prefix_len = r->object_id_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record want_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator oit = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_obj_record got = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record got_rec = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr = NULL;
+
+	/* Look through the reverse index. */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&want_rec, &want);
+	err = reader_seek(r, &oit, &want_rec);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	/* read out the reftable_obj_record */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&got_rec, &got);
+	err = iterator_next(&oit, &got_rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 0 ||
+	    memcmp(want.hash_prefix, got.hash_prefix, r->object_id_len)) {
+		/* didn't find it; return empty iterator */
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = new_indexed_table_ref_iter(&itr, r, oid, hash_size(r->hash_id),
+					 got.offsets, got.offset_len);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	got.offsets = NULL;
+	iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(it, itr);
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&oit);
+	reftable_record_release(&got_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					      uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct table_iter ti_empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter *ti = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *filter = NULL;
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator empty = FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT;
+	int oid_len = hash_size(r->hash_id);
+	int err;
+
+	*ti = ti_empty;
+	err = reader_start(r, ti, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(ti);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	filter = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct filtering_ref_iterator));
+	*filter = empty;
+
+	strbuf_add(&filter->oid, oid, oid_len);
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&filter->tab, r);
+	filter->double_check = 0;
+	iterator_from_table_iter(&filter->it, ti);
+
+	iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(it, filter);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	if (r->obj_offsets.is_present)
+		return reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(r, it, oid);
+	return reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(r, it, oid);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->max_update_index;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->min_update_index;
+}
+
+/* generic table interface. */
+
+static int reftable_reader_seek_void(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return reader_seek(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable reader_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_reader_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_reader_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_reader_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &reader_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = reader;
+}
+
+
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, tablename);
+	struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, tablename);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, r);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&tab);
+done:
+	reftable_reader_free(r);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reader.h b/reftable/reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..39583e5dbcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef READER_H
+#define READER_H
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size);
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+/* metadata for a block type */
+struct reftable_reader_offsets {
+	int is_present;
+	uint64_t offset;
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* The state for reading a reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader {
+	/* for convience, associate a name with the instance. */
+	char *name;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+
+	/* Size of the file, excluding the footer. */
+	uint64_t size;
+
+	/* 'sha1' for SHA1, 's256' for SHA-256 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	uint32_t block_size;
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+	uint64_t max_update_index;
+	/* Length of the OID keys in the 'o' section */
+	int object_id_len;
+	int version;
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets ref_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets obj_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets log_offsets;
+};
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name);
+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+		struct reftable_record *rec);
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r);
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* initialize a block reader to read from `r` */
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-reader.h b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a4bc2fdf85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_READER_H
+#define REFTABLE_READER_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Reading single tables
+ *
+ * The follow routines are for reading single files. For an
+ * application-level interface, skip ahead to struct
+ * reftable_merged_table and struct reftable_stack.
+ */
+
+/* The reader struct is a handle to an open reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader;
+
+/* Generic table. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_reader opens a reftable for reading. If successful,
+ * returns 0 code and sets pp. The name is used for creating a
+ * stack. Typically, it is the basename of the file. The block source
+ * `src` is owned by the reader, and is closed on calling
+ * reftable_reader_destroy(). On error, the block source `src` is
+ * closed as well.
+ */
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **pp,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, const char *name);
+
+/* reftable_reader_seek_ref returns an iterator where 'name' would be inserted
+   in the table.  To seek to the start of the table, use name = "".
+
+   example:
+
+   struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+   int err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, "filename");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_iterator it  = {0};
+   err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(r, &it, "refs/heads/master");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_ref_record ref  = {0};
+   while (1) {
+   err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+   if (err > 0) {
+   break;
+   }
+   if (err < 0) {
+   ..error handling..
+   }
+   ..found..
+   }
+   reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+   reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID used in this table. */
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* seek to logs for the given name, older than update_index. To seek to the
+   start of the table, use name = "".
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* seek to newest log entry for given name. */
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* closes and deallocates a reader. */
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *);
+
+/* return an iterator for the refs pointing to `oid`. */
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid);
+
+/* return the max_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* return the min_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* creates a generic table from a file reader. */
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader);
+
+/* print table onto stdout for debugging. */
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (11 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (8 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

With support for reading and writing files in place, we can construct files (in
memory) and attempt to read them back.

Because some sections of the format are optional (eg. indices, log entries), we
have to exercise this code using multiple sizes of input data

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   1 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c | 652 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   2 +-
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 4 files changed, 655 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 8a058df33b8..a4551bdf562 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2451,6 +2451,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/readwrite_test.c b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f6bcc2f775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,652 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static const int update_index = 5;
+
+static void test_buffer(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block out = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	uint8_t in[] = "hello";
+	strbuf_add(&buf, in, sizeof(in));
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	EXPECT(block_source_size(&source) == 6);
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 0, sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(n == sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(in, out.data, n));
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 1, 2);
+	EXPECT(n == 2);
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(out.data, "el", 2));
+
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+	block_source_close(&source);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void write_table(char ***names, struct strbuf *buf, int N,
+			int block_size, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = block_size,
+		.hash_id = hash_id,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0, n;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	*names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = update_index;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+		(*names)[i] = xstrdup(name);
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		log.refname = name;
+		log.update_index = update_index;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash;
+		log.value.update.message = "message";
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	for (i = 0; i < stats->ref_stats.blocks; i++) {
+		int off = i * opts.block_size;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			off = header_size(
+				(hash_id == GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID) ? 2 : 1);
+		}
+		EXPECT(buf->buf[off] == 'r');
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static void test_log_buffer_size(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 4096,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record
+		log = { .refname = "refs/heads/master",
+			.update_index = 0xa,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = { .update = {
+					   .name = "Han-Wen Nienhuys",
+					   .email = "hanwen@google.com",
+					   .tz_offset = 100,
+					   .time = 0x5e430672,
+					   .message = "commit: 9\n",
+				   } } };
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	/* This tests buffer extension for log compression. Must use a random
+	   hash, to ensure that the compressed part is larger than the original.
+	*/
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+	for (i = 0; i < GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ; i++) {
+		hash1[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+		hash2[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+	}
+	log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+	log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_log_write_read(void)
+{
+	int N = 2;
+	char **names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 0, N);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[256];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "b%02d%0*d", i, 130, 7);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = i;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, i + 1);
+
+		log.refname = names[i];
+		log.update_index = i;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[N - 1]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* end of iteration. */
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT(0 < err);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_log(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], log.refname);
+		EXPECT(i == log.update_index);
+		i++;
+		reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(i == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	/* cleanup. */
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_sequential(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int r = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[j], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(update_index == ref.update_index);
+
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_write_small_table(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 1;
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 4096, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(buf.len < 200);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_api(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek(int index, int hash_id)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf pastLast = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, hash_id);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(hash_id == reftable_reader_hash_id(&rd));
+
+	if (!index) {
+		rd.ref_offsets.index_offset = 0;
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(rd.ref_offsets.index_offset > 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[i], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 == ref.value_type);
+		EXPECT(i == ref.value.val1[0]);
+
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, names[N - 1]);
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, "/");
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, pastLast.buf);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&pastLast);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for(int indexed)
+{
+	int N = 50;
+	char **want_names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int want_names_len = 0;
+	uint8_t want_hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_reader rd;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int j;
+
+	set_test_hash(want_hash, 4);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		char fill[51] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+		memset(fill, 'x', 50);
+		/* Put the variable part in the start */
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "br%02d%s", i, fill);
+		name[40] = 0;
+		ref.refname = name;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i / 4);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, 3 + i / 4);
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL2;
+		ref.value.val2.value = hash1;
+		ref.value.val2.target_value = hash2;
+
+		/* 80 bytes / entry, so 3 entries per block. Yields 17
+		 */
+		/* blocks. */
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		if (!memcmp(hash1, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ) ||
+		    !memcmp(hash2, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)) {
+			want_names[want_names_len++] = xstrdup(name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	if (!indexed) {
+		rd.obj_offsets.is_present = 0;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_refs_for(&rd, &it, want_hash);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	j = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err >= 0);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT(j < want_names_len);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(ref.refname, want_names[j]));
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == want_names_len);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(want_names);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_no_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(0);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_obj_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(1);
+}
+
+static void test_write_empty_table(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	EXPECT(buf.len == header_size(1) + footer_size(1));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &rec);
+	EXPECT(err > 0);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_write_key_order(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}, {
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}
+	};
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[1]);
+	printf("%d\n", err);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_close(w);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table_empty(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table(void)
+{
+	uint8_t zeros[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	strbuf_add(&buf, zeros, sizeof(zeros));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_write_read);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_key_order);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_buffer_size);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_write_small_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_buffer);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_sequential);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_no_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_obj_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_empty_table);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 5e7698ae654..3d541fa5c0c 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
-int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 050551fa698..898aba836fd 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (12 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (7 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This is needed to create a merged view multiple reftables

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   2 +
 reftable/pq.c             | 105 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/pq.h             |  33 ++++++++++++
 reftable/pq_test.c        |  82 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 6 files changed, 224 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index a4551bdf562..86509141558 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2440,6 +2440,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
@@ -2450,6 +2451,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/pq.c b/reftable/pq.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..efc474017a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b)
+{
+	struct strbuf ak = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf bk = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int cmp = 0;
+	reftable_record_key(&a->rec, &ak);
+	reftable_record_key(&b->rec, &bk);
+
+	cmp = strbuf_cmp(&ak, &bk);
+
+	strbuf_release(&ak);
+	strbuf_release(&bk);
+
+	if (cmp == 0)
+		return a->index > b->index;
+
+	return cmp < 0;
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.heap[0];
+}
+
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.len == 0;
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct pq_entry e = pq->heap[0];
+	pq->heap[0] = pq->heap[pq->len - 1];
+	pq->len--;
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (i < pq->len) {
+		int min = i;
+		int j = 2 * i + 1;
+		int k = 2 * i + 2;
+		if (j < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
+			min = j;
+		}
+		if (k < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[k], &pq->heap[min])) {
+			min = k;
+		}
+
+		if (min == i) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[i], pq->heap[min]);
+		i = min;
+	}
+
+	return e;
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	if (pq->len == pq->cap) {
+		pq->cap = 2 * pq->cap + 1;
+		pq->heap = reftable_realloc(pq->heap,
+					    pq->cap * sizeof(struct pq_entry));
+	}
+
+	pq->heap[pq->len++] = e;
+	i = pq->len - 1;
+	while (i > 0) {
+		int j = (i - 1) / 2;
+		if (pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i]);
+
+		i = j;
+	}
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < pq->len; i++) {
+		reftable_record_destroy(&pq->heap[i].rec);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(pq->heap);
+	pq->len = pq->cap = 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/pq.h b/reftable/pq.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..56fc1b6d873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef PQ_H
+#define PQ_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+struct pq_entry {
+	int index;
+	struct reftable_record rec;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter_pqueue {
+	struct pq_entry *heap;
+	size_t len;
+	size_t cap;
+};
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/pq_test.c b/reftable/pq_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aaa86d12247
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
+		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
+
+		assert(pq_less(&pq.heap[parent], &pq.heap[i]));
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_pq(void)
+{
+	char *names[54] = { NULL };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names) - 1;
+
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq = { NULL };
+	const char *last = NULL;
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%02d", i);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+	}
+
+	i = 1;
+	do {
+		struct reftable_record rec =
+			reftable_new_record(BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+		struct pq_entry e = { 0 };
+
+		reftable_record_as_ref(&rec)->refname = names[i];
+		e.rec = rec;
+		merged_iter_pqueue_add(&pq, e);
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+		i = (i * 7) % N;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry e = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&pq);
+		struct reftable_ref_record *ref =
+			reftable_record_as_ref(&e.rec);
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+
+		if (last) {
+			EXPECT(strcmp(last, ref->refname) < 0);
+		}
+		last = ref->refname;
+		ref->refname = NULL;
+		reftable_free(ref);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&pq);
+}
+
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_pq);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 3d541fa5c0c..0019cbcfa49 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 898aba836fd..0b5a1701df1 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 15/19] reftable: add merged table view
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (13 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (6 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This adds an abstract, read-only interface to the ref database.

This primitive is used to construct the read view of the ref database
(the read view is constructed by merging several *.ref files). It also
provides the mechanism to provide a unified view of the refs in the main
repository and the per-worktree refs.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/merged.c          | 362 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/merged.h          |  35 ++++
 reftable/merged_test.c     | 292 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-merged.h |  72 ++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |   1 +
 6 files changed, 764 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 86509141558..d90aa25f764 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2440,6 +2440,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/merged.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
@@ -2451,6 +2452,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/merged.c b/reftable/merged.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e5b53da6db3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.c
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static int merged_iter_init(struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+		int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[i], &rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+			reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		} else {
+			struct pq_entry e = {
+				.rec = rec,
+				.index = i,
+			};
+			merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void merged_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	int i = 0;
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&mi->pq);
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(mi->stack);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi,
+					       size_t idx)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+	struct pq_entry e = {
+		.rec = rec,
+		.index = idx,
+	};
+	int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[idx], &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (err > 0) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[idx]);
+		reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi, size_t idx)
+{
+	if (iterator_is_null(&mi->stack[idx]))
+		return 0;
+	return merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(mi, idx);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_entry(struct merged_iter *mi,
+				  struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf entry_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pq_entry entry = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	entry = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+	err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, entry.index);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	  One can also use reftable as datacenter-local storage, where the ref
+	  database is maintained in globally consistent database (eg.
+	  CockroachDB or Spanner). In this scenario, replication delays together
+	  with compaction may cause newer tables to contain older entries. In
+	  such a deployment, the loop below must be changed to collect all
+	  entries for the same key, and return new the newest one.
+	*/
+	reftable_record_key(&entry.rec, &entry_key);
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry top = merged_iter_pqueue_top(mi->pq);
+		struct strbuf k = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int err = 0, cmp = 0;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&top.rec, &k);
+
+		cmp = strbuf_cmp(&k, &entry_key);
+		strbuf_release(&k);
+
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+		err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, top.index);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_record_destroy(&top.rec);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_copy_from(rec, &entry.rec, hash_size(mi->hash_id));
+	reftable_record_destroy(&entry.rec);
+	strbuf_release(&entry_key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next(struct merged_iter *mi, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		int err = merged_iter_next_entry(mi, rec);
+		if (err == 0 && mi->suppress_deletions &&
+		    reftable_record_is_deletion(rec)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		return err;
+	}
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_void(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	return merged_iter_next(mi, rec);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable merged_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &merged_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &merged_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_merged_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = mi;
+	it->ops = &merged_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_merged_table *m = NULL;
+	uint64_t last_max = 0;
+	uint64_t first_min = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t min = reftable_table_min_update_index(&stack[i]);
+		uint64_t max = reftable_table_max_update_index(&stack[i]);
+
+		if (reftable_table_hash_id(&stack[i]) != hash_id) {
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || min < first_min) {
+			first_min = min;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || max > last_max) {
+			last_max = max;
+		}
+	}
+
+	m = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_merged_table));
+	m->stack = stack;
+	m->stack_len = n;
+	m->min = first_min;
+	m->max = last_max;
+	m->hash_id = hash_id;
+	*dest = m;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* clears the list of subtable, without affecting the readers themselves. */
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mt->stack);
+	mt->stack_len = 0;
+}
+
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	if (!mt) {
+		return;
+	}
+	merged_table_release(mt);
+	reftable_free(mt);
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->max;
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->min;
+}
+
+static int reftable_table_seek_record(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, rec);
+}
+
+static int merged_table_seek_record(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator *iters = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_iterator) * mt->stack_len);
+	struct merged_iter merged = {
+		.stack = iters,
+		.typ = reftable_record_type(rec),
+		.hash_id = mt->hash_id,
+		.suppress_deletions = mt->suppress_deletions,
+	};
+	int n = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mt->stack_len && err == 0; i++) {
+		int e = reftable_table_seek_record(&mt->stack[i], &iters[n],
+						   rec);
+		if (e < 0) {
+			err = e;
+		}
+		if (e == 0) {
+			n++;
+		}
+	}
+	if (err < 0) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&iters[i]);
+		}
+		reftable_free(iters);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	merged.stack_len = n;
+	err = merged_iter_init(&merged);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		merged_iter_close(&merged);
+		return err;
+	} else {
+		struct merged_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct merged_iter));
+		*p = merged;
+		iterator_from_merged_iter(it, p);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(mt, it, name, max);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->hash_id;
+}
+
+static int reftable_merged_table_seek_void(void *tab,
+					   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					   struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return merged_table_seek_record(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable merged_table_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_merged_table_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *merged)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &merged_table_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = merged;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/merged.h b/reftable/merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8c4d4d58d77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef MERGED_H
+#define MERGED_H
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+struct reftable_merged_table {
+	struct reftable_table *stack;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	int suppress_deletions;
+
+	uint64_t min;
+	uint64_t max;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter {
+	struct reftable_iterator *stack;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	int suppress_deletions;
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq;
+};
+
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/merged_test.c b/reftable/merged_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..da607401141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static void write_test_table(struct strbuf *buf,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record refs[], int n)
+{
+	int min = 0xffffffff;
+	int max = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t ui = refs[i].update_index;
+		if (ui > max) {
+			max = ui;
+		}
+		if (ui < min) {
+			min = ui;
+		}
+	}
+
+	w = reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, min, max);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t before = refs[i].update_index;
+		int n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+		EXPECT(before == refs[i].update_index);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_merged_table *
+merged_table_from_records(struct reftable_ref_record **refs,
+			  struct reftable_block_source **source,
+			  struct reftable_reader ***readers, int *sizes,
+			  struct strbuf *buf, int n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_table *tabs =
+		reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_table));
+	*readers = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_reader *));
+	*source = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(**source));
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		write_test_table(&buf[i], refs[i], sizes[i]);
+		block_source_from_strbuf(&(*source)[i], &buf[i]);
+
+		err = reftable_new_reader(&(*readers)[i], &(*source)[i],
+					  "name");
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&tabs[i], (*readers)[i]);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, tabs, n, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	return mt;
+}
+
+static void readers_destroy(struct reftable_reader **readers, size_t n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < n; i++)
+		reftable_reader_free(readers[i]);
+	reftable_free(readers);
+}
+
+static void test_merged_between(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 0 };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = { {
+		.refname = "b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+		.value.val1 = hash1,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2 };
+	int sizes[] = { 1, 1 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[2] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 2);
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(ref.update_index == 2);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	readers_destroy(readers, 2);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bufs); i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_merged(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1 };
+	uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 2 };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		}
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r3[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash2,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "d",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
+		r2[0],
+		r1[1],
+		r3[0],
+		r3[1],
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
+	int sizes[3] = { 3, 1, 2 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[3] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 3);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	struct reftable_ref_record *out = NULL;
+	size_t len = 0;
+	size_t cap = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	while (len < 100) { /* cap loops/recursion. */
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (len == cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			out = reftable_realloc(
+				out, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record) * cap);
+		}
+		out[len++] = ref;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	EXPECT(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&out[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(out);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	readers_destroy(readers, 3);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_default_write_opts(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_table *tab = reftable_calloc(sizeof(*tab) * 1);
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id(rd);
+	EXPECT(hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab[0], rd);
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&merged, tab, 1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(merged);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+/* XXX test refs_for(oid) */
+
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged_between);
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged);
+	RUN_TEST(test_default_write_opts);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-merged.h b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a6d16915ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+#define REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+/*
+ * Merged tables
+ *
+ * A ref database kept in a sequence of table files. The merged_table presents a
+ * unified view to reading (seeking, iterating) a sequence of immutable tables.
+ *
+ * The merged tables are on purpose kept disconnected from their actual storage
+ * (eg. files on disk), because it is useful to merge tables aren't files. For
+ * example, the per-workspace and global ref namespace can be implemented as a
+ * merged table of two stacks of file-backed reftables.
+ */
+
+/* A merged table is implements seeking/iterating over a stack of tables. */
+struct reftable_merged_table;
+
+/* A generic reftable; see below. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_merged_table creates a new merged table. It takes ownership of
+   the stack array.
+*/
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* returns an iterator positioned just before 'name' */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns an iterator for log entry, at given update_index */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* like reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at but look for the newest entry. */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* releases memory for the merged_table */
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* return the hash ID of the merged table. */
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* create a generic table from reftable_merged_table */
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *table);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 0b5a1701df1..8087f2da4e6 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (14 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (5 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The packed/loose format has restrictions on refnames: a and a/b cannot
coexist. This limitation does not apply to reftable per se, but must be
maintained for interoperability. This code adds validation routines to
abort transactions that are trying to add invalid names.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   1 +
 reftable/refname.c       | 209 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/refname.h       |  29 ++++++
 reftable/refname_test.c  | 102 +++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 342 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d90aa25f764..226012f5426 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2456,6 +2456,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/refname.c b/reftable/refname.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95734969324
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.c
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct find_arg {
+	char **names;
+	const char *want;
+};
+
+static int find_name(size_t k, void *arg)
+{
+	struct find_arg *f_arg = arg;
+	return strcmp(f_arg->names[k], f_arg->want) >= 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref(struct modification *mod, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len && !strcmp(mod->add[idx], name)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->del,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->del_len && !strcmp(mod->del[idx], name)) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_table_read_ref(&mod->tab, name, &ref);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void modification_release(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	/* don't delete the strings themselves; they're owned by ref records.
+	 */
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->add);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->del);
+	mod->add_len = 0;
+	mod->del_len = 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref_with_prefix(struct modification *mod,
+					    const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = prefix,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len &&
+		    !strncmp(prefix, mod->add[idx], strlen(prefix)))
+			goto done;
+	}
+	err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&mod->tab, &it, prefix);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+			struct find_arg arg = {
+				.names = mod->del,
+				.want = ref.refname,
+			};
+			int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+			if (idx < mod->del_len &&
+			    !strcmp(ref.refname, mod->del[idx])) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (strncmp(ref.refname, prefix, strlen(prefix))) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int validate_refname(const char *name)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		char *next = strchr(name, '/');
+		if (!*name) {
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (!next) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (next - name == 0 || (next - name == 1 && *name == '.') ||
+		    (next - name == 2 && name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.'))
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		name = next + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz)
+{
+	struct modification mod = {
+		.tab = tab,
+		.add = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+		.del = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	for (; i < sz; i++) {
+		if (reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&recs[i])) {
+			mod.del[mod.del_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		} else {
+			mod.add[mod.add_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = modification_validate(&mod);
+	modification_release(&mod);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void strbuf_trim_component(struct strbuf *sl)
+{
+	while (sl->len > 0) {
+		int is_slash = (sl->buf[sl->len - 1] == '/');
+		strbuf_setlen(sl, sl->len - 1);
+		if (is_slash)
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	struct strbuf slashed = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < mod->add_len; i++) {
+		err = validate_refname(mod->add[i]);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, "/");
+
+		err = modification_has_ref_with_prefix(mod, slashed.buf);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		while (slashed.len) {
+			strbuf_trim_component(&slashed);
+			err = modification_has_ref(mod, slashed.buf);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+				goto done;
+			}
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+	}
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&slashed);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/refname.h b/reftable/refname.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a24b40fcb42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+#ifndef REFNAME_H
+#define REFNAME_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+struct modification {
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+
+	char **add;
+	size_t add_len;
+
+	char **del;
+	size_t del_len;
+};
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz);
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/refname_test.c b/reftable/refname_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8645cd93bbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct testcase {
+	char *add;
+	char *del;
+	int error_code;
+};
+
+static void test_conflict(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "destination", /* make sure it's not a symref.
+						*/
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct testcase cases[] = {
+		{ "a/b/c", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "b", NULL, 0 },
+		{ "a", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "a", "a/b", 0 },
+
+		{ "p/", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p//q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/./q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/../q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+
+		{ "a/b/c", "a/b", 0 },
+		{ NULL, "a//b", 0 },
+	};
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, rd);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct modification mod = {
+			.tab = tab,
+		};
+
+		if (cases[i].add) {
+			mod.add = &cases[i].add;
+			mod.add_len = 1;
+		}
+		if (cases[i].del) {
+			mod.del = &cases[i].del;
+			mod.del_len = 1;
+		}
+
+		err = modification_validate(&mod);
+		EXPECT(err == cases[i].error_code);
+	}
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_conflict);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 8087f2da4e6..c8db6852c35 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (15 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (4 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |    1 +
 reftable/reftable-stack.h |  128 ++++
 reftable/stack.c          | 1396 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h          |   41 ++
 reftable/stack_test.c     |  949 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |    1 +
 6 files changed, 2516 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 226012f5426..53c13c90a5e 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2457,6 +2457,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/stack_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-stack.h b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b602dda58a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_STACK_H
+#define REFTABLE_STACK_H
+
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+/*
+ * The stack presents an interface to a mutable sequence of reftables.
+
+ * A stack can be mutated by pushing a table to the top of the stack.
+
+ * The reftable_stack automatically compacts files on disk to ensure good
+ * amortized performance.
+ *
+ * For windows and other platforms that cannot have open files as rename
+ * destinations, concurrent access from multiple processes needs the rand()
+ * random seed to be randomized.
+ */
+struct reftable_stack;
+
+/* open a new reftable stack. The tables along with the table list will be
+ *  stored in 'dir'. Typically, this should be .git/reftables.
+ */
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config);
+
+/* returns the update_index at which a next table should be written. */
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* holds a transaction to add tables at the top of a stack. */
+struct reftable_addition;
+
+/*
+ * returns a new transaction to add reftables to the given stack. As a side
+ * effect, the ref database is locked.
+ */
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Adds a reftable to transaction. */
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg);
+
+/* Commits the transaction, releasing the lock. After calling this,
+ * reftable_addition_destroy should still be called.
+ */
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* Release all non-committed data from the transaction, and deallocate the
+ * transaction. Releases the lock if held. */
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* add a new table to the stack. The write_table function must call
+ * reftable_writer_set_limits, add refs and return an error value. */
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					  void *write_arg),
+		       void *write_arg);
+
+/* returns the merged_table for seeking. This table is valid until the
+ * next write or reload, and should not be closed or deleted.
+ */
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* frees all resources associated with the stack. */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Reloads the stack if necessary. This is very cheap to run if the stack was up
+ * to date */
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Policy for expiring reflog entries. */
+struct reftable_log_expiry_config {
+	/* Drop entries older than this timestamp */
+	uint64_t time;
+
+	/* Drop older entries */
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+};
+
+/* compacts all reftables into a giant table. Expire reflog entries if config is
+ * non-NULL */
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+
+/* heuristically compact unbalanced table stack. */
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* delete stale .ref tables. */
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single log. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* statistics on past compactions. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats {
+	uint64_t bytes; /* total number of bytes written */
+	uint64_t entries_written; /* total number of entries written, including
+				     failures. */
+	int attempts; /* how often we tried to compact */
+	int failures; /* failures happen on concurrent updates */
+};
+
+/* return statistics for compaction up till now. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* print the entire stack represented by the directory */
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack.c b/reftable/stack.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df5021ebf08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "writer.h"
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg);
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name);
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add);
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open);
+
+static void stack_filename(struct strbuf *dest, struct reftable_stack *st,
+			   const char *name)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, st->reftable_dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, "/");
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, name);
+}
+
+static ssize_t reftable_fd_write(void *arg, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	int *fdp = (int *)arg;
+	return write(*fdp, data, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *p =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_stack));
+	struct strbuf list_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (config.hash_id == 0) {
+		config.hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+
+	*dest = NULL;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&list_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, "/tables.list");
+
+	p->list_file = strbuf_detach(&list_file_name, NULL);
+	p->reftable_dir = xstrdup(dir);
+	p->config = config;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(p, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(p);
+	} else {
+		*dest = p;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int fd_read_lines(int fd, char ***namesp)
+{
+	off_t size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+	char *buf = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (size < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	buf = reftable_malloc(size + 1);
+	if (read(fd, buf, size) != size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	buf[size] = 0;
+
+	parse_names(buf, size, namesp);
+
+done:
+	reftable_free(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***namesp)
+{
+	int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+	int err = 0;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			*namesp = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+	err = fd_read_lines(fd, namesp);
+	close(fd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return st->merged;
+}
+
+static int has_name(char **names, const char *name)
+{
+	while (*names) {
+		if (!strcmp(*names, name))
+			return 1;
+		names++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Close and free the stack */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+		st->merged = NULL;
+	}
+
+	err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(names);
+	}
+
+	if (st->readers) {
+		int i = 0;
+		struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+		for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(st->readers[i]);
+			strbuf_reset(&filename);
+			if (names && !has_name(names, name)) {
+				stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+			}
+			reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+
+			if (filename.len) {
+				/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+				unlink(filename.buf);
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&filename);
+		st->readers_len = 0;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->list_file);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->reftable_dir);
+	reftable_free(st);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader **stack_copy_readers(struct reftable_stack *st,
+						   int cur_len)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader **cur =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * cur_len);
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		cur[i] = st->readers[i];
+	}
+	return cur;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_once(struct reftable_stack *st, char **names,
+				      int reuse_open)
+{
+	int cur_len = !st->merged ? 0 : st->merged->stack_len;
+	struct reftable_reader **cur = stack_copy_readers(st, cur_len);
+	int err = 0;
+	int names_len = names_length(names);
+	struct reftable_reader **new_readers =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * names_len);
+	struct reftable_table *new_tables =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_table) * names_len);
+	int new_readers_len = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *new_merged = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	while (*names) {
+		struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+		char *name = *names++;
+
+		/* this is linear; we assume compaction keeps the number of
+		   tables under control so this is not quadratic. */
+		int j = 0;
+		for (j = 0; reuse_open && j < cur_len; j++) {
+			if (cur[j] && 0 == strcmp(cur[j]->name, name)) {
+				rd = cur[j];
+				cur[j] = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!rd) {
+			struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+			struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+			err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src,
+							      table_path.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&table_path);
+
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+
+			err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+
+		new_readers[new_readers_len] = rd;
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&new_tables[new_readers_len], rd);
+		new_readers_len++;
+	}
+
+	/* success! */
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&new_merged, new_tables,
+					new_readers_len, st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	new_tables = NULL;
+	st->readers_len = new_readers_len;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		merged_table_release(st->merged);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+	}
+	if (st->readers) {
+		reftable_free(st->readers);
+	}
+	st->readers = new_readers;
+	new_readers = NULL;
+	new_readers_len = 0;
+
+	new_merged->suppress_deletions = 1;
+	st->merged = new_merged;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		if (cur[i]) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(cur[i]);
+			struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+
+			reader_close(cur[i]);
+			reftable_reader_free(cur[i]);
+
+			/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+			unlink(filename.buf);
+
+			strbuf_release(&filename);
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < new_readers_len; i++) {
+		reader_close(new_readers[i]);
+		reftable_reader_free(new_readers[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(new_readers);
+	reftable_free(new_tables);
+	reftable_free(cur);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* return negative if a before b. */
+static int tv_cmp(struct timeval *a, struct timeval *b)
+{
+	time_t diff = a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec;
+	int udiff = a->tv_usec - b->tv_usec;
+
+	if (diff != 0)
+		return diff;
+
+	return udiff;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open)
+{
+	struct timeval deadline = { 0 };
+	int err = gettimeofday(&deadline, NULL);
+	int64_t delay = 0;
+	int tries = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	deadline.tv_sec += 3;
+	while (1) {
+		char **names = NULL;
+		char **names_after = NULL;
+		struct timeval now = { 0 };
+		int err = gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+		int err2 = 0;
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* Only look at deadlines after the first few times. This
+		   simplifies debugging in GDB */
+		tries++;
+		if (tries > 3 && tv_cmp(&now, &deadline) >= 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+		err = reftable_stack_reload_once(st, names, reuse_open);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err != REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* err == REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR can be caused by a concurrent
+		   writer. Check if there was one by checking if the name list
+		   changed.
+		*/
+		err2 = read_lines(st->list_file, &names_after);
+		if (err2 < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err2;
+		}
+
+		if (names_equal(names_after, names)) {
+			free_names(names);
+			free_names(names_after);
+			return err;
+		}
+		free_names(names);
+		free_names(names_after);
+
+		delay = delay + (delay * rand()) / RAND_MAX + 1;
+		sleep_millisec(delay);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* -1 = error
+ 0 = up to date
+ 1 = changed. */
+static int stack_uptodate(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	int i = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		if (!names[i]) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if (strcmp(st->readers[i]->name, names[i])) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (names[st->merged->stack_len]) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(names);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err > 0)
+		return reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, 1);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write)(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg),
+		       void *arg)
+{
+	int err = stack_try_add(st, write, arg);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		if (err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR) {
+			/* Ignore error return, we want to propagate
+			   REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR.
+			*/
+			reftable_stack_reload(st);
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if (!st->disable_auto_compact)
+		return reftable_stack_auto_compact(st);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void format_name(struct strbuf *dest, uint64_t min, uint64_t max)
+{
+	char buf[100];
+	uint32_t rnd = (uint32_t)rand();
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0x%012" PRIx64 "-0x%012" PRIx64 "-%08x",
+		 min, max, rnd);
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, buf);
+}
+
+struct reftable_addition {
+	int lock_file_fd;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name;
+	struct reftable_stack *stack;
+
+	char **new_tables;
+	int new_tables_len;
+	uint64_t next_update_index;
+};
+
+#define REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT                \
+	{                                     \
+		.lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int reftable_stack_init_addition(struct reftable_addition *add,
+					struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	add->stack = st;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&add->lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	add->lock_file_fd = open(add->lock_file_name.buf,
+				 O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (add->lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 1) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->next_update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st);
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_addition_close(add);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct strbuf nm = STRBUF_INIT;
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		stack_filename(&nm, add->stack, add->new_tables[i]);
+		unlink(nm.buf);
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+		add->new_tables[i] = NULL;
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	if (add->lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(add->lock_file_fd);
+		add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (add->lock_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(add->lock_file_name.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&nm);
+}
+
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	if (!add) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	reftable_free(add);
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	struct strbuf table_list = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (add->new_tables_len == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < add->stack->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->stack->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->new_tables[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(add->lock_file_fd, table_list.buf, table_list.len);
+	strbuf_release(&table_list);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = close(add->lock_file_fd);
+	add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(add->lock_file_name.buf, add->stack->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* success, no more state to clean up. */
+	strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(add->stack);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_addition empty = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	*dest = reftable_calloc(sizeof(**dest));
+	**dest = empty;
+	err = reftable_stack_init_addition(*dest, st);
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_free(*dest);
+		*dest = NULL;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition add = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	int err = reftable_stack_init_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(&add, write_table, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(&add);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(&add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	int tab_fd = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&next_name);
+	format_name(&next_name, add->next_update_index, add->next_update_index);
+
+	stack_filename(&temp_tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_tab_file_name, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (tab_fd < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd,
+				 &add->stack->config);
+	err = write_table(wr, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = stack_check_addition(add->stack, temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (wr->min_update_index < add->next_update_index) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	format_name(&next_name, wr->min_update_index, wr->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&next_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+
+	/*
+	  On windows, this relies on rand() picking a unique destination name.
+	  Maybe we should do retry loop as well?
+	 */
+	err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->new_tables = reftable_realloc(add->new_tables,
+					   sizeof(*add->new_tables) *
+						   (add->new_tables_len + 1));
+	add->new_tables[add->new_tables_len] = strbuf_detach(&next_name, NULL);
+	add->new_tables_len++;
+done:
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (temp_tab_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int sz = st->merged->stack_len;
+	if (sz > 0)
+		return reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[sz - 1]) +
+		       1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_locked(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+				struct strbuf *temp_tab,
+				struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int tab_fd = -1;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	format_name(&next_name,
+		    reftable_reader_min_update_index(st->readers[first]),
+		    reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[last]));
+
+	stack_filename(temp_tab, st, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(temp_tab, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab->buf);
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd, &st->config);
+
+	err = stack_write_compact(st, wr, first, last, config);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+
+done:
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (err != 0 && temp_tab->len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab->buf);
+		strbuf_release(temp_tab);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int subtabs_len = last - first + 1;
+	struct reftable_table *subtabs = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_table) * (last - first + 1));
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+	uint64_t entries = 0;
+
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct reftable_reader *t = st->readers[i];
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&subtabs[j++], t);
+		st->stats.bytes += t->size;
+	}
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+				   st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, subtabs, subtabs_len,
+					st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(subtabs);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&ref)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, &ref);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_log_record_is_deletion(&log)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->min_update_index > 0 &&
+		    log.update_index < config->min_update_index) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->time > 0 &&
+		    log.value.update.time < config->time) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(wr, &log);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	if (mt) {
+		merged_table_release(mt);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	}
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	st->stats.entries_written += entries;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* <  0: error. 0 == OK, > 0 attempt failed; could retry. */
+static int stack_compact_range(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *expiry)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf ref_list_contents = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int have_lock = 0;
+	int lock_file_fd = 0;
+	int compact_count = last - first + 1;
+	char **listp = NULL;
+	char **delete_on_success =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	char **subtable_locks =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	int i = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+	int is_empty_table = 0;
+
+	if (first > last || (!expiry && first == last)) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	st->stats.attempts++;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	/* Don't want to write to the lock for now.  */
+	close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+
+	have_lock = 1;
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct strbuf subtab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf subtab_lock = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int sublock_file_fd = -1;
+
+		stack_filename(&subtab_file_name, st,
+			       reader_name(st->readers[i]));
+
+		strbuf_reset(&subtab_lock);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&subtab_lock, &subtab_file_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&subtab_lock, ".lock");
+
+		sublock_file_fd = open(subtab_lock.buf,
+				       O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+		if (sublock_file_fd > 0) {
+			close(sublock_file_fd);
+		} else if (sublock_file_fd < 0) {
+			if (errno == EEXIST) {
+				err = 1;
+			} else {
+				err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			}
+		}
+
+		subtable_locks[j] = subtab_lock.buf;
+		delete_on_success[j] = subtab_file_name.buf;
+		j++;
+
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	err = stack_compact_locked(st, first, last, &temp_tab_file_name,
+				   expiry);
+	/* Compaction + tombstones can create an empty table out of non-empty
+	 * tables. */
+	is_empty_table = (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	if (is_empty_table) {
+		err = 0;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 1;
+
+	format_name(&new_table_name, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+		    st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_table_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&new_table_path, st, new_table_name.buf);
+
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		/* retry? */
+		err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, new_table_path.buf);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < first; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&ref_list_contents, &new_table_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = last + 1; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(lock_file_fd, ref_list_contents.buf, ref_list_contents.len);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(lock_file_name.buf, st->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	/* Reload the stack before deleting. On windows, we can only delete the
+	   files after we closed them.
+	*/
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, first < last);
+
+	listp = delete_on_success;
+	while (*listp) {
+		if (strcmp(*listp, new_table_path.buf)) {
+			unlink(*listp);
+		}
+		listp++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(delete_on_success);
+
+	listp = subtable_locks;
+	while (*listp) {
+		unlink(*listp);
+		listp++;
+	}
+	free_names(subtable_locks);
+	if (lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(lock_file_fd);
+		lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (have_lock) {
+		unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_name);
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_path);
+	strbuf_release(&ref_list_contents);
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&lock_file_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	return stack_compact_range(st, 0, st->merged->stack_len - 1, config);
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_range_stats(struct reftable_stack *st, int first,
+				     int last,
+				     struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int err = stack_compact_range(st, first, last, config);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		st->stats.failures++;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int segment_size(struct segment *s)
+{
+	return s->end - s->start;
+}
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz)
+{
+	int l = 0;
+	if (sz == 0)
+		return 0;
+	for (; sz; sz /= 2) {
+		l++;
+	}
+	return l - 1;
+}
+
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	struct segment *segs = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct segment) * n);
+	int next = 0;
+	struct segment cur = { 0 };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (n == 0) {
+		*seglen = 0;
+		return segs;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		int log = fastlog2(sizes[i]);
+		if (cur.log != log && cur.bytes > 0) {
+			struct segment fresh = {
+				.start = i,
+			};
+
+			segs[next++] = cur;
+			cur = fresh;
+		}
+
+		cur.log = log;
+		cur.end = i + 1;
+		cur.bytes += sizes[i];
+	}
+	segs[next++] = cur;
+	*seglen = next;
+	return segs;
+}
+
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, n);
+	struct segment min_seg = {
+		.log = 64,
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < seglen; i++) {
+		if (segment_size(&segs[i]) == 1) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (segs[i].log < min_seg.log) {
+			min_seg = segs[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (min_seg.start > 0) {
+		int prev = min_seg.start - 1;
+		if (fastlog2(min_seg.bytes) < fastlog2(sizes[prev])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		min_seg.start = prev;
+		min_seg.bytes += sizes[prev];
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(segs);
+	return min_seg;
+}
+
+static uint64_t *stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(uint64_t) * st->merged->stack_len);
+	int version = (st->config.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ? 1 : 2;
+	int overhead = header_size(version) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		sizes[i] = st->readers[i]->size - overhead;
+	}
+	return sizes;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes = stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(st);
+	struct segment seg =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, st->merged->stack_len);
+	reftable_free(sizes);
+	if (segment_size(&seg) > 0)
+		return stack_compact_range_stats(st, seg.start, seg.end - 1,
+						 NULL);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return &st->stats;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	return reftable_table_read_ref(&tab, refname, ref);
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = reftable_stack_merged_table(st);
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, refname);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, log);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(log->refname, refname) ||
+	    reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log)) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(log);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int cap = 0;
+	int len = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (st->config.skip_name_check)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (len >= cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			refs = reftable_realloc(refs, cap * sizeof(refs[0]));
+		}
+
+		refs[len++] = ref;
+	}
+
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+
+	err = validate_ref_record_addition(tab, refs, len);
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+	}
+
+	free(refs);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int is_table_name(const char *s)
+{
+	const char *dot = strrchr(s, '.');
+	return dot && !strcmp(dot, ".ref");
+}
+
+static void remove_maybe_stale_table(struct reftable_stack *st, uint64_t max,
+				     const char *name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t update_idx = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, table_path.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	update_idx = reftable_reader_max_update_index(rd);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+
+	if (update_idx <= max) {
+		unlink(table_path.buf);
+	}
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&table_path);
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_clean_locked(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t max = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(
+		reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	DIR *dir = opendir(st->reftable_dir);
+	struct dirent *d = NULL;
+	if (!dir) {
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		int i = 0;
+		int found = 0;
+		if (!is_table_name(d->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		for (i = 0; !found && i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			found = !strcmp(reader_name(st->readers[i]), d->d_name);
+		}
+		if (found)
+			continue;
+
+		remove_maybe_stale_table(st, max, d->d_name);
+	}
+
+	closedir(dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+	int err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean_locked(st);
+
+done:
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { .hash_id = hash_id };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table table = { NULL };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	merged = reftable_stack_merged_table(stack);
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&table, merged);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&table);
+done:
+	if (stack)
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/stack.h b/reftable/stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f57005846e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef STACK_H
+#define STACK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+
+struct reftable_stack {
+	char *list_file;
+	char *reftable_dir;
+	int disable_auto_compact;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options config;
+
+	struct reftable_reader **readers;
+	size_t readers_len;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged;
+	struct reftable_compaction_stats stats;
+};
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***lines);
+
+struct segment {
+	int start, end;
+	int log;
+	uint64_t bytes;
+};
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz);
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack_test.c b/reftable/stack_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a4641ab601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,949 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+
+static void clear_dir(const char *dirname)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, dirname);
+	remove_dir_recursively(&path, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+}
+
+static int count_dir_entries(const char *dirname)
+{
+	DIR *dir = opendir(dirname);
+	int len = 0;
+	struct dirent *d;
+	if (dir == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		if (!strcmp(d->d_name, "..") || !strcmp(d->d_name, "."))
+			continue;
+		len++;
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	return len;
+}
+
+// Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
+// cleanup.
+static char *get_tmp_template(int linenumber)
+{
+	const char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	static char template[1024];
+	snprintf(template, sizeof(template) - 1, "%s/stack_test-%d.XXXXXX",
+		 tmp ? tmp : "/tmp", linenumber);
+	return template;
+}
+
+static char *get_tmp_dir(int linenumber)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_template(linenumber);
+	EXPECT(mkdtemp(dir));
+	return dir;
+}
+
+static void test_read_file(void)
+{
+	char *fn = get_tmp_template(__LINE__);
+	int fd = mkstemp(fn);
+	char out[1024] = "line1\n\nline2\nline3";
+	int n, err;
+	char **names = NULL;
+	char *want[] = { "line1", "line2", "line3" };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT(fd > 0);
+	n = write(fd, out, strlen(out));
+	EXPECT(n == strlen(out));
+	err = close(fd);
+	EXPECT(err >= 0);
+
+	err = read_lines(fn, &names);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; names[i]; i++) {
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(want[i], names[i]));
+	}
+	free_names(names);
+	remove(fn);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names(void)
+{
+	char buf[] = "line\n";
+	char **names = NULL;
+	parse_names(buf, strlen(buf), &names);
+
+	EXPECT(NULL != names[0]);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[0], "line"));
+	EXPECT(NULL == names[1]);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_names_equal(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", "c", NULL };
+	char *b[] = { "a", "b", "d", NULL };
+	char *c[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+
+	EXPECT(names_equal(a, a));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, b));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, c));
+}
+
+static int write_test_ref(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = arg;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, ref->update_index, ref->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, ref);
+}
+
+struct write_log_arg {
+	struct reftable_log_record *log;
+	uint64_t update_index;
+};
+
+static int write_test_log(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct write_log_arg *wla = arg;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, wla->update_index, wla->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_log(wr, wla->log);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add_one(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	printf("testing print functionality:\n");
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_uptodate(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "branch2",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+
+	/* simulate multi-process access to the same stack
+	   by creating two stacks for the same directory.
+	 */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_transaction_api(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(add, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(add);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF == dest.value_type);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_validate_refname(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	char *additions[] = { "a", "a/b/c" };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(additions); i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = additions[i],
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static int write_error(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	return *((int *)arg);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_update_index_check(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "name1",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "name2",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_lock_failure(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err, i;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	for (i = -1; i != REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR; i--) {
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_error, &i);
+		EXPECT(err == i);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		.exact_log_message = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	st->disable_auto_compact = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = N + i + 1;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&dest, refs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_log_record dest = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&dest, logs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_log_normalize(void)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		0,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	uint8_t h1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x01 }, h2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x02 };
+
+	struct reftable_log_record input = { .refname = "branch",
+					     .update_index = 1,
+					     .value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+					     .value = { .update = {
+								.new_hash = h1,
+								.old_hash = h2,
+							} } };
+	struct reftable_log_record dest = {
+		.update_index = 0,
+	};
+	struct write_log_arg arg = {
+		.log = &input,
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one\ntwo";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "one\n"));
+
+	input.value.update.message = "two\n";
+	arg.update_index = 2;
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "two\n"));
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_tombstone(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log_dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* even entries add the refs, odd entries delete them. */
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		const char *buf = "branch";
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+			refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+		}
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		/* update_index is part of the key. */
+		logs[i].update_index = 42;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+			logs[i].value.update.new_hash =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+			logs[i].value.update.email =
+				xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_hash_id(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "target",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg32 = { .hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID };
+	struct reftable_stack *st32 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg_default = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st_default = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* can't read it with the wrong hash ID. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st32, dir, cfg32);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	/* check that we can read it back with default config too. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st_default, dir, cfg_default);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st_default, "master", &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&ref, &dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st_default);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_log2(void)
+{
+	EXPECT(1 == fastlog2(3));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(4));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(5));
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 };
+	/* .................0  1  2  3  4  5 */
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(segs[2].log == 3);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].start == 5);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].end == 6);
+
+	EXPECT(segs[1].log == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].start == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].end == 5);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_empty(void)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, NULL, 0);
+	EXPECT(seglen == 0);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 5, 5 };
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(seglen == 1);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].start == 0);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].end == 2);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 128, 64, 17, 16, 9, 9, 9, 16, 16 };
+	/* .................0    1    2  3   4  5  6 */
+	struct segment min =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(min.start == 2);
+	EXPECT(min.end == 7);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 };
+	struct segment result =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(result.start == result.end);
+}
+
+static void test_reflog_expire(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[20] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(logs) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_log_expiry_config expiry = {
+		.time = 10,
+	};
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = i;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		logs[i].value.update.time = i;
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[9].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[11].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	expiry.min_update_index = 15;
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[14].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[16].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i <= N; i++) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+}
+
+static int write_nothing(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, 1, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void test_empty_add(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_nothing, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 100;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+		EXPECT(i < 3 || st->merged->stack_len < 2 * fastlog2(i));
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_stack_compaction_stats(st)->entries_written <
+	       (uint64_t)(N * fastlog2(N)));
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void unclean_stack_close(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	// break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown.
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+	}
+	st->readers_len = 0;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL, *st3 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	unclean_stack_close(st1);
+	unclean_stack_close(st2);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st3, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean(st3);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st3);
+
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_empty_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log2);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names);
+	RUN_TEST(test_read_file);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reflog_expire);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add_one);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_hash_id);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_lock_failure);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_log_normalize);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_tombstone);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_transaction_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_update_index_check);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_uptodate);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_validate_refname);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c8db6852c35..996da85f7b5 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
+	stack_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 18/19] reftable: add dump utility
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (16 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (3 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

provide a command-line utility for inspecting individual tables, and
inspecting a complete ref database

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/dump.c | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 107 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c

diff --git a/reftable/dump.c b/reftable/dump.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..155953d1b82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/dump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static int compact_stack(const char *stackdir)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(stack, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+done:
+	if (stack) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void print_help(void)
+{
+	printf("usage: dump [-cst] arg\n\n"
+	       "options: \n"
+	       "  -c compact\n"
+	       "  -t dump table\n"
+	       "  -s dump stack\n"
+	       "  -6 sha256 hash format\n"
+	       "  -h this help\n"
+	       "\n");
+}
+
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int opt_dump_table = 0;
+	int opt_dump_stack = 0;
+	int opt_compact = 0;
+	uint32_t opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	const char *arg = NULL, *argv0 = argv[0];
+
+	for (; argc > 1; argv++, argc--)
+		if (*argv[1] != '-')
+			break;
+		else if (!strcmp("-t", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_table = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-6", argv[1]))
+			opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID;
+		else if (!strcmp("-s", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_stack = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-c", argv[1]))
+			opt_compact = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-?", argv[1]) || !strcmp("-h", argv[1])) {
+			print_help();
+			return 2;
+		}
+
+	if (argc != 2) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "need argument\n");
+		print_help();
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	arg = argv[1];
+
+	if (opt_dump_table) {
+		err = reftable_reader_print_file(arg);
+	} else if (opt_dump_stack) {
+		err = reftable_stack_print_directory(arg, opt_hash_id);
+	} else if (opt_compact) {
+		err = compact_stack(arg);
+	}
+
+	if (err < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", argv0, arg,
+			reftable_error_str(err));
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v3 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (17 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 15:10     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-09-28 18:17     ` [PATCH v3 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Junio C Hamano
                       ` (2 subsequent siblings)
  21 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-09-28 15:10 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This command dumps individual tables or a stack of of tables.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 | 1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c | 5 +++++
 t/helper/test-tool.c     | 1 +
 t/helper/test-tool.h     | 1 +
 4 files changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 53c13c90a5e..21834ace4cf 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2452,6 +2452,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/dump.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 996da85f7b5..26b03d7b789 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -14,3 +14,8 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	return reftable_dump_main(argc, (char *const *)argv);
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index f7c888ffda7..338a57b104d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
 	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
+	{ "dump-reftable", cmd__dump_reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 25f77469146..48cee1f4a2d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ int cmd__dump_cache_tree(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_fsmonitor(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_split_index(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_untracked_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__example_decorate(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__fast_rebase(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__genrandom(int argc, const char **argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v3 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (18 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-28 18:17     ` Junio C Hamano
  2021-10-02  9:20       ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  21 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2021-09-28 18:17 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  Cc: git, Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys

"Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget" <gitgitgadget@gmail.com> writes:

> The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.
>
> This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
> file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
> not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.

Elsewhere you solicited comments on the "RFC - add LICENSE" step.

As long as the copyright holders of this library are happy with BSD,
I do not see a problem with your plan in which the project borrows
this code under the license and then owns it, giving access to
others under the same license.

If somebody sees problems with it, please raise your hands ;-)

Thanks.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* hn/reftable "fixes"
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (19 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-28 18:17     ` [PATCH v3 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Junio C Hamano
@ 2021-09-30  5:40     ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                         ` (4 more replies)
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  21 siblings, 5 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-30  5:40 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, avarab, gitster

Patch 1, was discussed before and might be solved in a better way as an
alternative.

Patch 2 and 3 are "nice to have" for portability and hopefully not controversial
but could be dropped, if someone feels strongly against it.

Patch 4 is not something I'd found failing anywhere, but the fact that Microsoft
mentions it is only supported as an extension and it needs to be supported by
the dynamic linker and I couldn't find anything clear about it in POSIX means,
that is probably safer this way.

  [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for
  [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of
  [PATCH 3/4] config.mak.uname: last release and snapshots of Minix
  [PATCH 4/4] reftable: avoid non portable compile time pointer to


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-30  5:40       ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                         ` (3 subsequent siblings)
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-30  5:40 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, avarab, gitster, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

originally discussed as part of the -DNDEBUG thread[1], but still likely
to break the build with the parent variable set but not used when assert
gets compiled out.

moving to BUG or DIE still a better option otherwise, but this fixup will
at least address that specific problem (even if the function then is a
NOOP).

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/git/20210902053023.44006-4-carenas@gmail.com/

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/pq_test.c | 6 ++----
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/reftable/pq_test.c b/reftable/pq_test.c
index aaa86d1224..a678848743 100644
--- a/reftable/pq_test.c
+++ b/reftable/pq_test.c
@@ -17,11 +17,9 @@ license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 
 void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
 {
-	int i = 0;
+	int i;
 	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
-		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
-
-		assert(pq_less(&pq.heap[parent], &pq.heap[i]));
+		assert(pq_less(&pq.heap[(i - 1)/2], &pq.heap[i]));
 	}
 }
 
-- 
2.33.0.955.gee03ddbf0e


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-30  5:40       ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-10-01 15:37         ` C++(C99)-style comments in git.git Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 3/4] config.mak.uname: last release and snapshots of Minix still use zlib 1.2.3 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                         ` (2 subsequent siblings)
  4 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-30  5:40 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, avarab, gitster, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

Avoid C++ style comments, that are not allowed in C89.

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/stack_test.c | 8 +++++---
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/reftable/stack_test.c b/reftable/stack_test.c
index 7a4641ab60..f907215d3c 100644
--- a/reftable/stack_test.c
+++ b/reftable/stack_test.c
@@ -46,8 +46,10 @@ static int count_dir_entries(const char *dirname)
 	return len;
 }
 
-// Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
-// cleanup.
+/*
+ * Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
+ * cleanup.
+ */
 static char *get_tmp_template(int linenumber)
 {
 	const char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
@@ -861,7 +863,7 @@ static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent(void)
 
 static void unclean_stack_close(struct reftable_stack *st)
 {
-	// break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown.
+	/* break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown */
 	int i = 0;
 	for (; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
 		reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
-- 
2.33.0.955.gee03ddbf0e


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 3/4] config.mak.uname: last release and snapshots of Minix still use zlib 1.2.3
  2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-30  5:40       ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 4/4] reftable: avoid non portable compile time pointer to function Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30 20:35       ` hn/reftable "fixes" Junio C Hamano
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-30  5:40 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, avarab, gitster, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

Minix 3 uses a BSD userspace from NetBSD, but might had synced last before
8.x got branched.

While Minix itself doesn't have much activity, this is still affecting the
last release (and subsequent snapshots).

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 config.mak.uname | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index 4acc3e3609..9399247cbb 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -517,6 +517,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
 	endif
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Minix)
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-- 
2.33.0.955.gee03ddbf0e


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH 4/4] reftable: avoid non portable compile time pointer to function
  2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                         ` (2 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 3/4] config.mak.uname: last release and snapshots of Minix still use zlib 1.2.3 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-30  5:40       ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-09-30 20:35       ` hn/reftable "fixes" Junio C Hamano
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-30  5:40 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, avarab, gitster, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

While GNU compilers (and even MSVC) allow as an extension setting
at compile time the address of a dynamic function into a static
variables, it trigger C4232[1] with a warning for portability.

Avoid it by resolving at runtime the address that will be used
on each case, and not relying on the pointer initialization
to be honour at compile time.

[1] https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-4-c4232

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/publicbasics.c | 21 +++++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/reftable/publicbasics.c b/reftable/publicbasics.c
index bd0a02d3f6..b5767bccc5 100644
--- a/reftable/publicbasics.c
+++ b/reftable/publicbasics.c
@@ -11,23 +11,32 @@ license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 #include "basics.h"
 #include "system.h"
 
-static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz) = &malloc;
-static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t) = &realloc;
-static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *) = &free;
+static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz);
+static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t);
+static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *);
 
 void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz)
 {
-	return (*reftable_malloc_ptr)(sz);
+	if (reftable_malloc_ptr)
+		return reftable_malloc_ptr(sz);
+	else
+		return malloc(sz);
 }
 
 void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz)
 {
-	return (*reftable_realloc_ptr)(p, sz);
+	if (reftable_realloc_ptr)
+		return reftable_realloc_ptr(p, sz);
+	else
+		return realloc(p, sz);
 }
 
 void reftable_free(void *p)
 {
-	reftable_free_ptr(p);
+	if (reftable_free_ptr)
+		reftable_free_ptr(p);
+	else
+		free(p);
 }
 
 void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz)
-- 
2.33.0.955.gee03ddbf0e


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH] squash! reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-09-30 12:23       ` Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
  2021-10-07 16:34         ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón @ 2021-09-30 12:23 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git; +Cc: hanwen, avarab, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

Avoid a possible infinite loop in platforms where size_t > long
by using instead the required type and checking for overflow
before doubling.

Increase slightly the initial buffer based on the zlib(1)
recommendation to reduce the likelihood of this code triggering,
and add some error checking to the memory allocation.

[1] https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_3.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/zlib-compress2-1.html

Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/block.c | 13 +++++++------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/reftable/block.c b/reftable/block.c
index 11387b260a..4029df18ac 100644
--- a/reftable/block.c
+++ b/reftable/block.c
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec)
 
 int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w)
 {
-	int i = 0;
+	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < w->restart_len; i++) {
 		put_be24(w->buf + w->next, w->restarts[i]);
 		w->next += 3;
@@ -144,23 +144,24 @@ int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w)
 
 	if (block_writer_type(w) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
 		int block_header_skip = 4 + w->header_off;
-		uint8_t *compressed = NULL;
-		int zresult = 0;
+		uint8_t *compressed;
 		uLongf src_len = w->next - block_header_skip;
-		size_t dest_cap = src_len;
+		uLongf dest_cap = src_len * 1.001 + 12;
 
 		compressed = reftable_malloc(dest_cap);
 		while (1) {
+			int zresult;
 			uLongf out_dest_len = dest_cap;
 
 			zresult = compress2(compressed, &out_dest_len,
 					    w->buf + block_header_skip, src_len,
 					    9);
-			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR) {
+			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR && dest_cap < LONG_MAX) {
 				dest_cap *= 2;
 				compressed =
 					reftable_realloc(compressed, dest_cap);
-				continue;
+				if (compressed)
+					continue;
 			}
 
 			if (Z_OK != zresult) {
-- 
2.33.0.955.gee03ddbf0e


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: hn/reftable "fixes"
  2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
                         ` (3 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 4/4] reftable: avoid non portable compile time pointer to function Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-09-30 20:35       ` Junio C Hamano
  4 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2021-09-30 20:35 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón; +Cc: git, hanwen, avarab

Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón  <carenas@gmail.com> writes:

> Patch 1, was discussed before and might be solved in a better way as an
> alternative.
>
> Patch 2 and 3 are "nice to have" for portability and hopefully not controversial
> but could be dropped, if someone feels strongly against it.
>
> Patch 4 is not something I'd found failing anywhere, but the fact that Microsoft
> mentions it is only supported as an extension and it needs to be supported by
> the dynamic linker and I couldn't find anything clear about it in POSIX means,
> that is probably safer this way.

All of them look sensible.  Thanks.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* C++(C99)-style comments in git.git
  2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-10-01 15:37         ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason @ 2021-10-01 15:37 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón; +Cc: git, hanwen, gitster


On Wed, Sep 29 2021, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón wrote:

> Avoid C++ style comments, that are not allowed in C89.
>
> Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
> ---
>  reftable/stack_test.c | 8 +++++---
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/reftable/stack_test.c b/reftable/stack_test.c
> index 7a4641ab60..f907215d3c 100644
> --- a/reftable/stack_test.c
> +++ b/reftable/stack_test.c
> @@ -46,8 +46,10 @@ static int count_dir_entries(const char *dirname)
>  	return len;
>  }
>  
> -// Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
> -// cleanup.
> +/*
> + * Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
> + * cleanup.
> + */
>  static char *get_tmp_template(int linenumber)
>  {
>  	const char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
> @@ -861,7 +863,7 @@ static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent(void)
>  
>  static void unclean_stack_close(struct reftable_stack *st)
>  {
> -	// break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown.
> +	/* break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown */
>  	int i = 0;
>  	for (; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
>  		reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);

This change looks fine, but FYI we had a C++ comment in git.git from
v2.21.0 with d73019feb44 (http: add support selecting http version,
2018-11-08) until now.

It'll be removed in v2.34.0 with my 2a7f64616a3 (http: correct version
check for CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2, 2021-09-13) (not the purpose of that
change).

Now, granted it's "only" compiled if you don't have NO_CURL=Y, and it's
on a "#" pre-processor line, not in the "main" code.

So it's possible (but I think not likely) that someone's cpp accepts it,
but not their cc. Or that some platform has nobody compiling with curl
(not very likely).

I'm not advocating for using "//" comments, but I think it's fair to say
given the above that they're purely an asthetic coding style preference
in the context of git.git, and not a matter of C89 portability that
anyone cares about when building or porting git.

We already have a hard dependency on a few C99-only features, I'd think
it's very unlikely that someone has say implemented designated
initializers, but not "//" comment support. So for our purposes support
for it should be universal.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH v3 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-28 18:17     ` [PATCH v3 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Junio C Hamano
@ 2021-10-02  9:20       ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason @ 2021-10-02  9:20 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Junio C Hamano
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget, git, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón, Han-Wen Nienhuys


On Tue, Sep 28 2021, Junio C Hamano wrote:

> "Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget" <gitgitgadget@gmail.com> writes:
>
>> The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.
>>
>> This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
>> file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
>> not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.
>
> Elsewhere you solicited comments on the "RFC - add LICENSE" step.
>
> As long as the copyright holders of this library are happy with BSD,
> I do not see a problem with your plan in which the project borrows
> this code under the license and then owns it, giving access to
> others under the same license.
>
> If somebody sees problems with it, please raise your hands ;-)

No objection, but as noted in previous discussions about it I think we
should have some clarity about what it means for contributors. I.e. that
when they're contributing to reftable/ it's BSD license, but for the
rest of the codebase it's GPLv2.

I've just submitted a series to address that more generally:
https://lore.kernel.org/git/cover-0.5-00000000000-20211002T091212Z-avarab@gmail.com/

I think with that clarification of what these in-tree subdirectory
"COPYING" files mean the only thing left is for the "RFC" label to be
dropped here.

From what I as not-a-lawyer think I know about how licenses work the
concept that we can have BSD licensed content in-tree that can be
extracted and legally used by anyone outside of it seems rather dubious.

I.e. if I author a cross-tree where "reftable/" uses some updated API,
isn't the result a derived work and now GPLv2 and not "cleanly" BSD
licensed? But that's a separate question, and ultimately a worry for any
out-of-tree users. So I don't really care. I also believe that we've had
that situation before with (I think) libgit2 taking snapshots of our
"xdiff", so maybe it's already deemed to be a complete non-issue.

All I'd like is for contributors to git.git not to be confused, which I
think with my series above won't be the case.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] squash! reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-09-30 12:23       ` [PATCH] squash! " Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-10-07 16:34         ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  0 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys @ 2021-10-07 16:34 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón; +Cc: git, avarab

On Thu, Sep 30, 2021 at 2:24 PM Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
<carenas@gmail.com> wrote:
> Avoid a possible infinite loop in platforms where size_t > long
> by using instead the required type and checking for overflow
> before doubling.

Thanks for your attention to detail. Folded in.

I think the loop is rather hypothetical, though: the block size is
limited to 2²⁴, so I think you can´t make blocks that large.

-- 
Han-Wen Nienhuys - Google Munich
I work 80%. Don't expect answers from me on Fridays.
--
Google Germany GmbH, Erika-Mann-Strasse 33, 80636 Munich
Registergericht und -nummer: Hamburg, HRB 86891
Sitz der Gesellschaft: Hamburg
Geschäftsführer: Paul Manicle, Halimah DeLaine Prado

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable.
  2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                       ` (20 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
@ 2021-10-07 20:24     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (18 more replies)
  21 siblings, 19 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:24 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys

The reftable format is described in Documentation/technical/reftable.txt.

This is a fully reentrant implementation of reading and writing the reftable
file format, and should be suitable for embedding in libgit2 too. It does
not hook the code up to git to function as a ref storage backend yet.

v4:

 * fixes by Carlo Belón.
 * remove RFC from LICENSE commit.

Han-Wen Nienhuys (19):
  hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  reftable: add LICENSE
  reftable: add error related functionality
  reftable: utility functions
  reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  reftable: reading/writing blocks
  reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  reftable: write reftable files
  reftable: generic interface to tables
  reftable: read reftable files
  reftable: reftable file level tests
  reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  reftable: add merged table view
  reftable: implement refname validation
  reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  reftable: add dump utility
  Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.

 Makefile                                   |   53 +-
 ci/lib.sh                                  |    1 +
 compat/.gitattributes                      |    1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c                  |   95 ++
 config.mak.uname                           |    5 +
 configure.ac                               |   13 +
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |   14 +-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |   11 +-
 hash.h                                     |    6 +
 object-file.c                              |    7 +-
 reftable/LICENSE                           |   31 +
 reftable/basics.c                          |  128 ++
 reftable/basics.h                          |   60 +
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |   98 ++
 reftable/block.c                           |  437 ++++++
 reftable/block.h                           |  127 ++
 reftable/block_test.c                      |  120 ++
 reftable/blocksource.c                     |  148 +++
 reftable/blocksource.h                     |   22 +
 reftable/constants.h                       |   21 +
 reftable/dump.c                            |  107 ++
 reftable/error.c                           |   41 +
 reftable/generic.c                         |  169 +++
 reftable/generic.h                         |   32 +
 reftable/iter.c                            |  194 +++
 reftable/iter.h                            |   69 +
 reftable/merged.c                          |  362 +++++
 reftable/merged.h                          |   38 +
 reftable/merged_test.c                     |  468 +++++++
 reftable/pq.c                              |  105 ++
 reftable/pq.h                              |   33 +
 reftable/pq_test.c                         |   82 ++
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |   65 +
 reftable/reader.c                          |  801 +++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h                          |   64 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c                  |  652 +++++++++
 reftable/record.c                          | 1212 +++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h                          |  139 ++
 reftable/record_test.c                     |  412 ++++++
 reftable/refname.c                         |  209 +++
 reftable/refname.h                         |   29 +
 reftable/refname_test.c                    |  102 ++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h            |   49 +
 reftable/reftable-error.h                  |   62 +
 reftable/reftable-generic.h                |   47 +
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h               |   39 +
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |   18 +
 reftable/reftable-merged.h                 |   72 +
 reftable/reftable-reader.h                 |  101 ++
 reftable/reftable-record.h                 |  114 ++
 reftable/reftable-stack.h                  |  128 ++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |   23 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h                 |  148 +++
 reftable/reftable.c                        |  115 ++
 reftable/stack.c                           | 1396 ++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h                           |   41 +
 reftable/stack_test.c                      |  953 +++++++++++++
 reftable/system.h                          |   32 +
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |   23 +
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |   53 +
 reftable/tree.c                            |   63 +
 reftable/tree.h                            |   34 +
 reftable/tree_test.c                       |   61 +
 reftable/writer.c                          |  690 ++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h                          |   50 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   21 +
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |    4 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |    2 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |   15 +
 69 files changed, 11125 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh


base-commit: 106298f7f9cca4158a980de149ef217751e1f943
Published-As: https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git/releases/tag/pr-git-1081%2Fhanwen%2Fjust-library-v4
Fetch-It-Via: git fetch https://github.com/gitgitgadget/git pr-git-1081/hanwen/just-library-v4
Pull-Request: https://github.com/git/git/pull/1081

Range-diff vs v3:

  1:  b2f8dc32bfc =  1:  9cc44f78377 hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  2:  2597ddfeae1 !  2:  6a5ee5db472 reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
     @@ Metadata
      Author: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
      
       ## Commit message ##
     -    reftable: RFC: add LICENSE
     +    reftable: add LICENSE
      
          The objective of this code is to be usable as a C library, so it can be reused
          in libgit2.
  3:  41b1ff1293f !  3:  bf51bc9ab0c reftable: add error related functionality
     @@ Commit message
          reftable: add error related functionality
      
          The reftable/ directory is structured as a library, so it cannot
     -    crash on misuse. Instead, it returns an error codes.
     +    crash on misuse. Instead, it returns an error code.
      
     -    In addition, the error code can be used to signal conditions from lower levels
     -    of the library to be handled by higher levels of the library. For example, a
     -    transaction might legitimately write an empty reftable file, but in that case,
     -    we'd want to shortcut the transaction overhead.
     +    In addition to signaling errors, the error code can be used to signal
     +    conditions from lower levels of the library to be handled by higher
     +    levels of the library. For example, in a transaction we might
     +    legitimately write an empty reftable file, but in that case, we want to
     +    shortcut the transaction.
      
          Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
      
  4:  c03043c5e63 !  4:  318e7ad41e5 reftable: utility functions
     @@ reftable/publicbasics.c (new)
      +#include "basics.h"
      +#include "system.h"
      +
     -+static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz) = &malloc;
     -+static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t) = &realloc;
     -+static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *) = &free;
     ++static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz);
     ++static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t);
     ++static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *);
      +
      +void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz)
      +{
     -+	return (*reftable_malloc_ptr)(sz);
     ++	if (reftable_malloc_ptr)
     ++		return (*reftable_malloc_ptr)(sz);
     ++	return malloc(sz);
      +}
      +
      +void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz)
      +{
     -+	return (*reftable_realloc_ptr)(p, sz);
     ++	if (reftable_realloc_ptr)
     ++		return (*reftable_realloc_ptr)(p, sz);
     ++	return realloc(p, sz);
      +}
      +
      +void reftable_free(void *p)
      +{
     -+	reftable_free_ptr(p);
     ++	if (reftable_free_ptr)
     ++		reftable_free_ptr(p);
     ++	else
     ++		free(p);
      +}
      +
      +void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz)
  5:  317a6aaa357 =  5:  80036f93e2e reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  6:  55e66b7a74f =  6:  f2cd2876265 reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  7:  4f6ecd3646a !  7:  6cbc2f758df Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
     @@ config.mak.uname: ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
       	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
       	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
       	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
     +@@ config.mak.uname: ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
     + 	endif
     + endif
     + ifeq ($(uname_S),Minix)
     ++	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
     + 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
     + 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
     + 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
      
       ## configure.ac ##
      @@ configure.ac: AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_SRC],
  8:  04f2d74df51 !  8:  1002d6f526c reftable: reading/writing blocks
     @@ Commit message
      
          This commit provides the logic to read and write these blocks.
      
     +    Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
          Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
      
       ## Makefile ##
     @@ reftable/block.c (new)
      +
      +int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w)
      +{
     -+	int i = 0;
     ++	int i;
      +	for (i = 0; i < w->restart_len; i++) {
      +		put_be24(w->buf + w->next, w->restarts[i]);
      +		w->next += 3;
     @@ reftable/block.c (new)
      +
      +	if (block_writer_type(w) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
      +		int block_header_skip = 4 + w->header_off;
     -+		uint8_t *compressed = NULL;
     -+		int zresult = 0;
      +		uLongf src_len = w->next - block_header_skip;
     -+		size_t dest_cap = src_len;
     ++		uLongf dest_cap = src_len * 1.001 + 12;
      +
     -+		compressed = reftable_malloc(dest_cap);
     ++		uint8_t *compressed = reftable_malloc(dest_cap);
      +		while (1) {
      +			uLongf out_dest_len = dest_cap;
     -+
     -+			zresult = compress2(compressed, &out_dest_len,
     -+					    w->buf + block_header_skip, src_len,
     -+					    9);
     -+			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR) {
     ++			int zresult = compress2(compressed, &out_dest_len,
     ++						w->buf + block_header_skip,
     ++						src_len, 9);
     ++			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR && dest_cap < LONG_MAX) {
      +				dest_cap *= 2;
      +				compressed =
      +					reftable_realloc(compressed, dest_cap);
     -+				continue;
     ++				if (compressed)
     ++					continue;
      +			}
      +
      +			if (Z_OK != zresult) {
  9:  f6c2da61208 =  9:  96e490ac32c reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
 10:  277a1f662e3 = 10:  daf9cc897d1 reftable: write reftable files
 11:  f97182dec1f = 11:  c9a5813b211 reftable: generic interface to tables
 12:  13de5d03a71 ! 12:  854b30268b6 reftable: read reftable files
     @@ reftable/reader.c (new)
      +	return 0;
      +}
      +
     -+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
     -+		struct reftable_record *rec)
     ++static int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
     ++		       struct reftable_record *rec)
      +{
      +	uint8_t typ = reftable_record_type(rec);
      +
     @@ reftable/reader.h (new)
      +
      +int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
      +		const char *name);
     -+int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
     -+		struct reftable_record *rec);
      +void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r);
      +const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r);
      +
 13:  8efc3c2b6ab = 13:  c0d0427d52c reftable: reftable file level tests
 14:  e89b16a37e6 ! 14:  6e5ee043083 reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
     @@ reftable/pq_test.c (new)
      +
      +void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
      +{
     -+	int i = 0;
     ++	int i;
      +	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
      +		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
      +
     -+		assert(pq_less(&pq.heap[parent], &pq.heap[i]));
     ++		EXPECT(pq_less(&pq.heap[parent], &pq.heap[i]));
      +	}
      +}
      +
 15:  40a91b14be8 ! 15:  0b86f6c2327 reftable: add merged table view
     @@ reftable/merged.h (new)
      +	struct reftable_table *stack;
      +	size_t stack_len;
      +	uint32_t hash_id;
     ++
     ++	/* If unset, produce deletions. This is useful for compaction. For the
     ++	 * full stack, deletions should be produced. */
      +	int suppress_deletions;
      +
      +	uint64_t min;
     @@ reftable/merged_test.c (new)
      +	reftable_writer_free(w);
      +}
      +
     ++static void write_test_log_table(struct strbuf *buf,
     ++				 struct reftable_log_record logs[], int n,
     ++				 uint64_t update_index)
     ++{
     ++	int i = 0;
     ++	int err;
     ++
     ++	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
     ++		.block_size = 256,
     ++		.exact_log_message = 1,
     ++	};
     ++	struct reftable_writer *w = NULL;
     ++	w = reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
     ++	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
     ++
     ++	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     ++		int err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &logs[i]);
     ++		EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++	}
     ++
     ++	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
     ++	EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++
     ++	reftable_writer_free(w);
     ++}
     ++
      +static struct reftable_merged_table *
      +merged_table_from_records(struct reftable_ref_record **refs,
      +			  struct reftable_block_source **source,
     @@ reftable/merged_test.c (new)
      +	int i = 0;
      +
      +	EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_hash_id(mt) == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
     ++	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(mt) == 1);
     ++
      +	while (len < 100) { /* cap loops/recursion. */
      +		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
      +		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
     @@ reftable/merged_test.c (new)
      +	reftable_free(bs);
      +}
      +
     ++static struct reftable_merged_table *
     ++merged_table_from_log_records(struct reftable_log_record **logs,
     ++			      struct reftable_block_source **source,
     ++			      struct reftable_reader ***readers, int *sizes,
     ++			      struct strbuf *buf, int n)
     ++{
     ++	int i = 0;
     ++	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
     ++	int err;
     ++	struct reftable_table *tabs =
     ++		reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_table));
     ++	*readers = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_reader *));
     ++	*source = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(**source));
     ++	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     ++		write_test_log_table(&buf[i], logs[i], sizes[i], i + 1);
     ++		block_source_from_strbuf(&(*source)[i], &buf[i]);
     ++
     ++		err = reftable_new_reader(&(*readers)[i], &(*source)[i],
     ++					  "name");
     ++		EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++		reftable_table_from_reader(&tabs[i], (*readers)[i]);
     ++	}
     ++
     ++	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, tabs, n, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
     ++	EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++	return mt;
     ++}
     ++
     ++static void test_merged_logs(void)
     ++{
     ++	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1 };
     ++	uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 2 };
     ++	uint8_t hash3[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 3 };
     ++	struct reftable_log_record r1[] = {
     ++		{
     ++			.refname = "a",
     ++			.update_index = 2,
     ++			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
     ++			.value.update = {
     ++				.old_hash = hash2,
     ++				/* deletion */
     ++				.name = "jane doe",
     ++				.email = "jane@invalid",
     ++				.message = "message2",
     ++			}
     ++		},
     ++		{
     ++			.refname = "a",
     ++			.update_index = 1,
     ++			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
     ++			.value.update = {
     ++				.old_hash = hash1,
     ++				.new_hash = hash2,
     ++				.name = "jane doe",
     ++				.email = "jane@invalid",
     ++				.message = "message1",
     ++			}
     ++		},
     ++	};
     ++	struct reftable_log_record r2[] = {
     ++		{
     ++			.refname = "a",
     ++			.update_index = 3,
     ++			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
     ++			.value.update = {
     ++				.new_hash = hash3,
     ++				.name = "jane doe",
     ++				.email = "jane@invalid",
     ++				.message = "message3",
     ++			}
     ++		},
     ++	};
     ++	struct reftable_log_record r3[] = {
     ++		{
     ++			.refname = "a",
     ++			.update_index = 2,
     ++			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
     ++		},
     ++	};
     ++	struct reftable_log_record want[] = {
     ++		r2[0],
     ++		r3[0],
     ++		r1[1],
     ++	};
     ++
     ++	struct reftable_log_record *logs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
     ++	int sizes[3] = { 2, 1, 1 };
     ++	struct strbuf bufs[3] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
     ++	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
     ++	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
     ++	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = merged_table_from_log_records(
     ++		logs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 3);
     ++
     ++	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
     ++	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, "a");
     ++	struct reftable_log_record *out = NULL;
     ++	size_t len = 0;
     ++	size_t cap = 0;
     ++	int i = 0;
     ++
     ++	EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_hash_id(mt) == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
     ++	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(mt) == 1);
     ++
     ++	while (len < 100) { /* cap loops/recursion. */
     ++		struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
     ++		int err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
     ++		if (err > 0) {
     ++			break;
     ++		}
     ++		if (len == cap) {
     ++			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
     ++			out = reftable_realloc(
     ++				out, sizeof(struct reftable_log_record) * cap);
     ++		}
     ++		out[len++] = log;
     ++	}
     ++	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
     ++
     ++	EXPECT(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
     ++	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
     ++		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
     ++						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
     ++	}
     ++
     ++	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(mt, &it, "a", 2);
     ++	EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++	reftable_log_record_release(&out[0]);
     ++	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &out[0]);
     ++	EXPECT_ERR(err);
     ++	EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&out[0], &r3[0], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
     ++	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
     ++
     ++	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
     ++		reftable_log_record_release(&out[i]);
     ++	}
     ++	reftable_free(out);
     ++
     ++	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
     ++		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
     ++	}
     ++	readers_destroy(readers, 3);
     ++	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
     ++	reftable_free(bs);
     ++}
     ++
      +static void test_default_write_opts(void)
      +{
      +	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
     @@ reftable/merged_test.c (new)
      +
      +int merged_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
      +{
     ++	RUN_TEST(test_merged_logs);
      +	RUN_TEST(test_merged_between);
      +	RUN_TEST(test_merged);
      +	RUN_TEST(test_default_write_opts);
 16:  46c2ddf07cf = 16:  c600e1f975c reftable: implement refname validation
 17:  3db887bc078 ! 17:  55dacc6760f reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
     @@ reftable/stack_test.c (new)
      +	return len;
      +}
      +
     -+// Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
     -+// cleanup.
     ++/*
     ++ * Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
     ++ * cleanup.
     ++ */
      +static char *get_tmp_template(int linenumber)
      +{
      +	const char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
     @@ reftable/stack_test.c (new)
      +	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
      +	EXPECT_ERR(err);
      +
     ++	st->disable_auto_compact = 1; /* call manually below for coverage. */
      +	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
      +		char name[100];
      +		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
     @@ reftable/stack_test.c (new)
      +		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
      +		EXPECT_ERR(err);
      +
     ++		err = reftable_stack_auto_compact(st);
      +		EXPECT(i < 3 || st->merged->stack_len < 2 * fastlog2(i));
      +	}
      +
     @@ reftable/stack_test.c (new)
      +
      +static void unclean_stack_close(struct reftable_stack *st)
      +{
     -+	// break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown.
     ++	/* break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown. */
      +	int i = 0;
      +	for (; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
      +		reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
 18:  795a15000fb = 18:  2f825cdb2d4 reftable: add dump utility
 19:  7b3215aef39 = 19:  c8428cb0df8 Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.

-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:24       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 02/19] reftable: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (17 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:24 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will simplify referencing them from code that is not deeply integrated with
Git, in particular, the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 hash.h        | 6 ++++++
 object-file.c | 7 ++-----
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
index 9e25c40e9ac..5d40368f18a 100644
--- a/hash.h
+++ b/hash.h
@@ -95,12 +95,18 @@ static inline void git_SHA256_Clone(git_SHA256_CTX *dst, const git_SHA256_CTX *s
 /* Number of algorithms supported (including unknown). */
 #define GIT_HASH_NALGOS (GIT_HASH_SHA256 + 1)
 
+/* "sha1", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID 0x73686131
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-1 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ 20
 #define GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)
 /* The block size of SHA-1. */
 #define GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ 64
 
+/* "s256", big-endian */
+#define GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID 0x73323536
+
 /* The length in bytes and in hex digits of an object name (SHA-256 value). */
 #define GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ 32
 #define GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ (2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ)
diff --git a/object-file.c b/object-file.c
index 112d9b4badc..b79ab75979f 100644
--- a/object-file.c
+++ b/object-file.c
@@ -165,7 +165,6 @@ static void git_hash_unknown_final_oid(struct object_id *oid, git_hash_ctx *ctx)
 	BUG("trying to finalize unknown hash");
 }
 
-
 const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	{
 		NULL,
@@ -184,8 +183,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha1",
-		/* "sha1", big-endian */
-		0x73686131,
+		GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA1_BLKSZ,
@@ -200,8 +198,7 @@ const struct git_hash_algo hash_algos[GIT_HASH_NALGOS] = {
 	},
 	{
 		"sha256",
-		/* "s256", big-endian */
-		0x73323536,
+		GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID,
 		GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_HEXSZ,
 		GIT_SHA256_BLKSZ,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 02/19] reftable: add LICENSE
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:24       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (16 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:24 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The objective of this code is to be usable as a C library, so it can be reused
in libgit2.

This is currently using a BSD license as it is the liberal license I could find,
but this could be changed to whatever fits the stated goal above.

This code is currently imported from github.com/hanwen/reftable. Once this code
lands in git.git, the C code will be removed from github.com/hanwen/reftable,
and the git.git code will be the source of truth.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/LICENSE | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/LICENSE

diff --git a/reftable/LICENSE b/reftable/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..402e0f9356b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+BSD License
+
+Copyright (c) 2020, Google LLC
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of Google LLC nor the names of its contributors may
+be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 02/19] reftable: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:24       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (15 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:24 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable/ directory is structured as a library, so it cannot
crash on misuse. Instead, it returns an error code.

In addition to signaling errors, the error code can be used to signal
conditions from lower levels of the library to be handled by higher
levels of the library. For example, in a transaction we might
legitimately write an empty reftable file, but in that case, we want to
shortcut the transaction.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 reftable/error.c          | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-error.h | 62 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 103 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/error.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-error.h

diff --git a/reftable/error.c b/reftable/error.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f6f16def921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/error.c
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err)
+{
+	static char buf[250];
+	switch (err) {
+	case REFTABLE_IO_ERROR:
+		return "I/O error";
+	case REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR:
+		return "corrupt reftable file";
+	case REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR:
+		return "file does not exist";
+	case REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR:
+		return "data is outdated";
+	case REFTABLE_API_ERROR:
+		return "misuse of the reftable API";
+	case REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR:
+		return "zlib failure";
+	case REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT:
+		return "file/directory conflict";
+	case REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR:
+		return "wrote empty table";
+	case REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR:
+		return "invalid refname";
+	case -1:
+		return "general error";
+	default:
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "unknown error code %d", err);
+		return buf;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-error.h b/reftable/reftable-error.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6f89bedf1a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ERROR_H
+
+/*
+ * Errors in reftable calls are signaled with negative integer return values. 0
+ * means success.
+ */
+enum reftable_error {
+	/* Unexpected file system behavior */
+	REFTABLE_IO_ERROR = -2,
+
+	/* Format inconsistency on reading data */
+	REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR = -3,
+
+	/* File does not exist. Returned from block_source_from_file(), because
+	 * it needs special handling in stack.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR = -4,
+
+	/* Trying to write out-of-date data. */
+	REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR = -5,
+
+	/* Misuse of the API:
+	 *  - on writing a record with NULL refname.
+	 *  - on writing a reftable_ref_record outside the table limits
+	 *  - on writing a ref or log record before the stack's
+	 * next_update_inde*x
+	 *  - on writing a log record with multiline message with
+	 *  exact_log_message unset
+	 *  - on reading a reftable_ref_record from log iterator, or vice versa.
+	 *
+	 * When a call misuses the API, the internal state of the library is
+	 * kept unchanged.
+	 */
+	REFTABLE_API_ERROR = -6,
+
+	/* Decompression error */
+	REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR = -7,
+
+	/* Wrote a table without blocks. */
+	REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR = -8,
+
+	/* Dir/file conflict. */
+	REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT = -9,
+
+	/* Invalid ref name. */
+	REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR = -10,
+};
+
+/* convert the numeric error code to a string. The string should not be
+ * deallocated. */
+const char *reftable_error_str(int err);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 04/19] reftable: utility functions
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (2 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (14 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This commit provides basic utility classes for the reftable library.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
---
 Makefile                                   |  25 +++-
 contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt        |  14 ++-
 contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm |  11 +-
 reftable/basics.c                          | 128 +++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/basics.h                          |  60 ++++++++++
 reftable/basics_test.c                     |  98 ++++++++++++++++
 reftable/publicbasics.c                    |  65 +++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-malloc.h                 |  18 +++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h                  |  22 ++++
 reftable/system.h                          |  32 ++++++
 reftable/test_framework.c                  |  23 ++++
 reftable/test_framework.h                  |  53 +++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c                   |   9 ++
 t/helper/test-tool.c                       |   3 +-
 t/helper/test-tool.h                       |   1 +
 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh               |  15 +++
 16 files changed, 570 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/basics_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/publicbasics.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-malloc.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-tests.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/system.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/test_framework.h
 create mode 100644 t/helper/test-reftable.c
 create mode 100755 t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index e04c942f58f..aa5ac56cde6 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -736,6 +736,7 @@ TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-cache.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-graph.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-read-midx.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-ref-store.o
+TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-reftable.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-regex.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-repository.o
 TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS += test-revision-walking.o
@@ -814,6 +815,8 @@ TEST_SHELL_PATH = $(SHELL_PATH)
 
 LIB_FILE = libgit.a
 XDIFF_LIB = xdiff/lib.a
+REFTABLE_LIB = reftable/libreftable.a
+REFTABLE_TEST_LIB = reftable/libreftable_test.a
 
 GENERATED_H += command-list.h
 GENERATED_H += config-list.h
@@ -1188,7 +1191,7 @@ THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += compat/regex/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1collisiondetection/%
 THIRD_PARTY_SOURCES += sha1dc/%
 
-GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+GITLIBS = common-main.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB)
 EXTLIBS =
 
 GIT_USER_AGENT = git/$(GIT_VERSION)
@@ -2426,7 +2429,15 @@ XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xutils.o
 .PHONY: xdiff-objs
 xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
+
 .PHONY: test-objs
 test-objs: $(TEST_OBJS)
 
@@ -2442,6 +2453,8 @@ OBJECTS += $(PROGRAM_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(TEST_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 OBJECTS += $(FUZZ_OBJS)
+OBJECTS += $(REFTABLE_OBJS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+
 ifndef NO_CURL
 	OBJECTS += http.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o
 endif
@@ -2591,6 +2604,12 @@ $(LIB_FILE): $(LIB_OBJS)
 $(XDIFF_LIB): $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
 
+$(REFTABLE_LIB): $(REFTABLE_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
+$(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB): $(REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS)
+	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
+
 export DEFAULT_EDITOR DEFAULT_PAGER
 
 Documentation/GIT-EXCLUDED-PROGRAMS: FORCE
@@ -2889,7 +2908,7 @@ perf: all
 
 t/helper/test-tool$X: $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
-t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS)
+t/helper/test-%$X: t/helper/test-%.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(filter %.a,$^) $(LIBS)
 
 check-sha1:: t/helper/test-tool$X
@@ -3224,7 +3243,7 @@ cocciclean:
 clean: profile-clean coverage-clean cocciclean
 	$(RM) *.res
 	$(RM) $(OBJECTS)
-	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
+	$(RM) $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(REFTABLE_LIB) $(REFTABLE_TEST_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
 	$(RM) $(FUZZ_PROGRAMS)
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
index 171b4124afe..c2bf5bdffc6 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -640,6 +640,12 @@ parse_makefile_for_sources(libxdiff_SOURCES "XDIFF_OBJS")
 list(TRANSFORM libxdiff_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
 add_library(xdiff STATIC ${libxdiff_SOURCES})
 
+#reftable
+parse_makefile_for_sources(reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_OBJS")
+
+list(TRANSFORM reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+add_library(reftable STATIC ${reftable_SOURCES})
+
 if(WIN32)
 	if(NOT MSVC)#use windres when compiling with gcc and clang
 		add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/git.res
@@ -662,7 +668,7 @@ endif()
 #link all required libraries to common-main
 add_library(common-main OBJECT ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/common-main.c)
 
-target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(common-main libgit xdiff reftable ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
 if(Intl_FOUND)
 	target_link_libraries(common-main ${Intl_LIBRARIES})
 endif()
@@ -902,11 +908,15 @@ if(BUILD_TESTING)
 add_executable(test-fake-ssh ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-fake-ssh.c)
 target_link_libraries(test-fake-ssh common-main)
 
+#reftable-tests
+parse_makefile_for_sources(test-reftable_SOURCES "REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS")
+list(TRANSFORM test-reftable_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/")
+
 #test-tool
 parse_makefile_for_sources(test-tool_SOURCES "TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS")
 
 list(TRANSFORM test-tool_SOURCES PREPEND "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/")
-add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES})
+add_executable(test-tool ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/t/helper/test-tool.c ${test-tool_SOURCES} ${test-reftable_SOURCES})
 target_link_libraries(test-tool common-main)
 
 set_target_properties(test-fake-ssh test-tool
diff --git a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
index d2584450ba1..1a25789d285 100644
--- a/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
+++ b/contrib/buildsystems/Generators/Vcxproj.pm
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ sub createProject {
     my $libs_release = "\n    ";
     my $libs_debug = "\n    ";
     if (!$static_library) {
-      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
+      $libs_release = join(";", sort(grep /^(?!libgit\.lib|xdiff\/lib\.lib|vcs-svn\/lib\.lib|reftable\/libreftable\.lib)/, @{$$build_structure{"$prefix${name}_LIBS"}}));
       $libs_debug = $libs_release;
       $libs_debug =~ s/zlib\.lib/zlibd\.lib/g;
       $libs_debug =~ s/libexpat\.lib/libexpatd\.lib/g;
@@ -232,6 +232,7 @@ EOM
 EOM
     if (!$static_library || $target =~ 'vcs-svn' || $target =~ 'xdiff') {
       my $uuid_libgit = $$build_structure{"LIBS_libgit_GUID"};
+      my $uuid_libreftable = $$build_structure{"LIBS_reftable/libreftable_GUID"};
       my $uuid_xdiff_lib = $$build_structure{"LIBS_xdiff/lib_GUID"};
 
       print F << "EOM";
@@ -241,6 +242,14 @@ EOM
       <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
     </ProjectReference>
 EOM
+      if (!($name =~ /xdiff|libreftable/)) {
+        print F << "EOM";
+    <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\reftable\\libreftable\\libreftable.vcxproj">
+      <Project>$uuid_libreftable</Project>
+      <ReferenceOutputAssembly>false</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
+    </ProjectReference>
+EOM
+      }
       if (!($name =~ 'xdiff')) {
         print F << "EOM";
     <ProjectReference Include="$cdup\\xdiff\\lib\\xdiff_lib.vcxproj">
diff --git a/reftable/basics.c b/reftable/basics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f761e48028c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 16) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[2] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in)
+{
+	return (uint32_t)(in[0]) << 16 | (uint32_t)(in[1]) << 8 |
+	       (uint32_t)(in[2]);
+}
+
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i)
+{
+	out[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
+	out[1] = (uint8_t)(i & 0xff);
+}
+
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args)
+{
+	size_t lo = 0;
+	size_t hi = sz;
+
+	/* Invariants:
+	 *
+	 *  (hi == sz) || f(hi) == true
+	 *  (lo == 0 && f(0) == true) || fi(lo) == false
+	 */
+	while (hi - lo > 1) {
+		size_t mid = lo + (hi - lo) / 2;
+
+		if (f(mid, args))
+			hi = mid;
+		else
+			lo = mid;
+	}
+
+	if (lo)
+		return hi;
+
+	return f(0, args) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+void free_names(char **a)
+{
+	char **p;
+	if (!a) {
+		return;
+	}
+	for (p = a; *p; p++) {
+		reftable_free(*p);
+	}
+	reftable_free(a);
+}
+
+int names_length(char **names)
+{
+	char **p = names;
+	for (; *p; p++) {
+		/* empty */
+	}
+	return p - names;
+}
+
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	size_t names_cap = 0;
+	size_t names_len = 0;
+
+	char *p = buf;
+	char *end = buf + size;
+	while (p < end) {
+		char *next = strchr(p, '\n');
+		if (next && next < end) {
+			*next = 0;
+		} else {
+			next = end;
+		}
+		if (p < next) {
+			if (names_len == names_cap) {
+				names_cap = 2 * names_cap + 1;
+				names = reftable_realloc(
+					names, names_cap * sizeof(*names));
+			}
+			names[names_len++] = xstrdup(p);
+		}
+		p = next + 1;
+	}
+
+	names = reftable_realloc(names, (names_len + 1) * sizeof(*names));
+	names[names_len] = NULL;
+	*namesp = names;
+}
+
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; a[i] && b[i]; i++) {
+		if (strcmp(a[i], b[i])) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return a[i] == b[i];
+}
+
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b)
+{
+	int p = 0;
+	for (; p < a->len && p < b->len; p++) {
+		if (a->buf[p] != b->buf[p])
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return p;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/basics.h b/reftable/basics.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..096b36862b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BASICS_H
+#define BASICS_H
+
+/*
+ * miscellaneous utilities that are not provided by Git.
+ */
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+/* Bigendian en/decoding of integers */
+
+void put_be24(uint8_t *out, uint32_t i);
+uint32_t get_be24(uint8_t *in);
+void put_be16(uint8_t *out, uint16_t i);
+
+/*
+ * find smallest index i in [0, sz) at which f(i) is true, assuming
+ * that f is ascending. Return sz if f(i) is false for all indices.
+ *
+ * Contrary to bsearch(3), this returns something useful if the argument is not
+ * found.
+ */
+int binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args);
+
+/*
+ * Frees a NULL terminated array of malloced strings. The array itself is also
+ * freed.
+ */
+void free_names(char **a);
+
+/* parse a newline separated list of names. `size` is the length of the buffer,
+ * without terminating '\0'. Empty names are discarded. */
+void parse_names(char *buf, int size, char ***namesp);
+
+/* compares two NULL-terminated arrays of strings. */
+int names_equal(char **a, char **b);
+
+/* returns the array size of a NULL-terminated array of strings. */
+int names_length(char **names);
+
+/* Allocation routines; they invoke the functions set through
+ * reftable_set_alloc() */
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz);
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz);
+void reftable_free(void *p);
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz);
+
+/* Find the longest shared prefix size of `a` and `b` */
+struct strbuf;
+int common_prefix_size(struct strbuf *a, struct strbuf *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/basics_test.c b/reftable/basics_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fcd2297256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/basics_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct binsearch_args {
+	int key;
+	int *arr;
+};
+
+static int binsearch_func(size_t i, void *void_args)
+{
+	struct binsearch_args *args = void_args;
+
+	return args->key < args->arr[i];
+}
+
+static void test_binsearch(void)
+{
+	int arr[] = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
+	size_t sz = ARRAY_SIZE(arr);
+	struct binsearch_args args = {
+		.arr = arr,
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 1; i < 11; i++) {
+		int res;
+		args.key = i;
+		res = binsearch(sz, &binsearch_func, &args);
+
+		if (res < sz) {
+			EXPECT(args.key < arr[res]);
+			if (res > 0) {
+				EXPECT(args.key >= arr[res - 1]);
+			}
+		} else {
+			EXPECT(args.key == 10 || args.key == 11);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_names_length(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+	EXPECT(names_length(a) == 2);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_normal(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\nb\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[1], "b"));
+	EXPECT(!out[2]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names_drop_empty(void)
+{
+	char in[] = "a\n\n";
+	char **out = NULL;
+	parse_names(in, strlen(in), &out);
+	EXPECT(!strcmp(out[0], "a"));
+	EXPECT(!out[1]);
+	free_names(out);
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf s1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf s2 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&s1, "abcdef");
+	strbuf_addstr(&s2, "abc");
+	EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&s1, &s2) == 3);
+	strbuf_release(&s1);
+	strbuf_release(&s2);
+}
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_normal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names_drop_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_binsearch);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_length);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/publicbasics.c b/reftable/publicbasics.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0ad7d5c0ff2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/publicbasics.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reftable-malloc.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static void *(*reftable_malloc_ptr)(size_t sz);
+static void *(*reftable_realloc_ptr)(void *, size_t);
+static void (*reftable_free_ptr)(void *);
+
+void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	if (reftable_malloc_ptr)
+		return (*reftable_malloc_ptr)(sz);
+	return malloc(sz);
+}
+
+void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz)
+{
+	if (reftable_realloc_ptr)
+		return (*reftable_realloc_ptr)(p, sz);
+	return realloc(p, sz);
+}
+
+void reftable_free(void *p)
+{
+	if (reftable_free_ptr)
+		reftable_free_ptr(p);
+	else
+		free(p);
+}
+
+void *reftable_calloc(size_t sz)
+{
+	void *p = reftable_malloc(sz);
+	memset(p, 0, sz);
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *))
+{
+	reftable_malloc_ptr = malloc;
+	reftable_realloc_ptr = realloc;
+	reftable_free_ptr = free;
+}
+
+int hash_size(uint32_t id)
+{
+	switch (id) {
+	case 0:
+	case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ;
+	case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+		return GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-malloc.h b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f2185f1f34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-malloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_H
+#define REFTABLE_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/* Overrides the functions to use for memory management. */
+void reftable_set_alloc(void *(*malloc)(size_t),
+			void *(*realloc)(void *, size_t), void (*free)(void *));
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e7698ae654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+#define REFTABLE_TESTS_H
+
+int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/system.h b/reftable/system.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4907306c0c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/system.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef SYSTEM_H
+#define SYSTEM_H
+
+/* This header glues the reftable library to the rest of Git */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "hash.h" /* hash ID, sizes.*/
+#include "dir.h" /* remove_dir_recursively, for tests.*/
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+#ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+/*
+ * This is uncompress2, which is only available in zlib >= 1.2.9
+ * (released as of early 2017)
+ */
+int uncompress2(Bytef *dest, uLongf *destLen, const Bytef *source,
+		uLong *sourceLen);
+#endif
+
+int hash_size(uint32_t id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.c b/reftable/test_framework.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..84ac972cad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i)
+{
+	memset(p, (uint8_t)i, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+}
+
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	strbuf_add(b, data, sz);
+	return sz;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/test_framework.h b/reftable/test_framework.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..774cb275bf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/test_framework.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+#define TEST_FRAMEWORK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+#define EXPECT_ERR(c)                                                  \
+	if (c != 0) {                                                  \
+		fflush(stderr);                                        \
+		fflush(stdout);                                        \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: error == %d (%s), want 0\n",  \
+			__FILE__, __LINE__, c, reftable_error_str(c)); \
+		abort();                                               \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT_STREQ(a, b)                                               \
+	if (strcmp(a, b)) {                                              \
+		fflush(stderr);                                          \
+		fflush(stdout);                                          \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: %s (%s) != %s (%s)\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #a, a, #b, b);                         \
+		abort();                                                 \
+	}
+
+#define EXPECT(c)                                                          \
+	if (!(c)) {                                                        \
+		fflush(stderr);                                            \
+		fflush(stdout);                                            \
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d: failed assertion %s\n", __FILE__, \
+			__LINE__, #c);                                     \
+		abort();                                                   \
+	}
+
+#define RUN_TEST(f)                          \
+	fprintf(stderr, "running %s\n", #f); \
+	fflush(stderr);                      \
+	f();
+
+void set_test_hash(uint8_t *p, int i);
+
+/* Like strbuf_add, but suitable for passing to reftable_new_writer
+ */
+ssize_t strbuf_add_void(void *b, const void *data, size_t sz);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b58e423e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "reftable/reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test-tool.h"
+
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index 3ce5585e53a..f7c888ffda7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -53,13 +53,14 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "pcre2-config", cmd__pcre2_config },
 	{ "pkt-line", cmd__pkt_line },
 	{ "prio-queue", cmd__prio_queue },
-	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive},
+	{ "proc-receive", cmd__proc_receive },
 	{ "progress", cmd__progress },
 	{ "reach", cmd__reach },
 	{ "read-cache", cmd__read_cache },
 	{ "read-graph", cmd__read_graph },
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
+	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 9f0f5228508..25f77469146 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ int cmd__read_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_graph(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__read_midx(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__ref_store(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__regex(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__repository(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__revision_walking(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..0ed14971a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0032-reftable-unittest.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2020 Google LLC
+#
+
+test_description='reftable unittests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'unittests' '
+	TMPDIR=$(pwd) && export TMPDIR &&
+	test-tool reftable
+'
+
+test_done
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (3 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (13 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is usually used with files for storage. However, we abstract
away this using the blocksource data structure. This has two advantages:

* log blocks are zlib compressed, and handling them is simplified if we can
  discard byte segments from within the block layer.

* for unittests, it is useful to read and write in-memory. The blocksource
  allows us to abstract the data away from on-disk files.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                        |   1 +
 reftable/blocksource.c          | 148 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/blocksource.h          |  22 +++++
 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h |  49 +++++++++++
 4 files changed, 220 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/blocksource.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-blocksource.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index aa5ac56cde6..bfdac1e04c4 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2431,6 +2431,7 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.c b/reftable/blocksource.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0044eecd9aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.c
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+static void strbuf_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void strbuf_close(void *b)
+{
+}
+
+static int strbuf_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			     uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct strbuf *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->len);
+	dest->data = reftable_calloc(size);
+	memcpy(dest->data, b->buf + off, size);
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static uint64_t strbuf_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct strbuf *)b)->len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable strbuf_vtable = {
+	.size = &strbuf_size,
+	.read_block = &strbuf_read_block,
+	.return_block = &strbuf_return_block,
+	.close = &strbuf_close,
+};
+
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &strbuf_vtable;
+	bs->arg = buf;
+}
+
+static void malloc_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable malloc_vtable = {
+	.return_block = &malloc_return_block,
+};
+
+static struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source_instance = {
+	.ops = &malloc_vtable,
+};
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void)
+{
+	return malloc_block_source_instance;
+}
+
+struct file_block_source {
+	int fd;
+	uint64_t size;
+};
+
+static uint64_t file_size(void *b)
+{
+	return ((struct file_block_source *)b)->size;
+}
+
+static void file_return_block(void *b, struct reftable_block *dest)
+{
+	memset(dest->data, 0xff, dest->len);
+	reftable_free(dest->data);
+}
+
+static void file_close(void *b)
+{
+	int fd = ((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd;
+	if (fd > 0) {
+		close(fd);
+		((struct file_block_source *)b)->fd = 0;
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(b);
+}
+
+static int file_read_block(void *v, struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			   uint32_t size)
+{
+	struct file_block_source *b = v;
+	assert(off + size <= b->size);
+	dest->data = reftable_malloc(size);
+	if (pread(b->fd, dest->data, size, off) != size)
+		return -1;
+	dest->len = size;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_block_source_vtable file_vtable = {
+	.size = &file_size,
+	.read_block = &file_read_block,
+	.return_block = &file_return_block,
+	.close = &file_close,
+};
+
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+				    const char *name)
+{
+	struct stat st = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+	int fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	struct file_block_source *p = NULL;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			return REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR;
+		}
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	err = fstat(fd, &st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	p = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct file_block_source));
+	p->size = st.st_size;
+	p->fd = fd;
+
+	assert(!bs->ops);
+	bs->ops = &file_vtable;
+	bs->arg = p;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/blocksource.h b/reftable/blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..072e2727ad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct reftable_block_source;
+
+/* Create an in-memory block source for reading reftables */
+void block_source_from_strbuf(struct reftable_block_source *bs,
+			      struct strbuf *buf);
+
+struct reftable_block_source malloc_block_source(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5aa3990a573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-blocksource.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+#define REFTABLE_BLOCKSOURCE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/* block_source is a generic wrapper for a seekable readable file.
+ */
+struct reftable_block_source {
+	struct reftable_block_source_vtable *ops;
+	void *arg;
+};
+
+/* a contiguous segment of bytes. It keeps track of its generating block_source
+ * so it can return itself into the pool. */
+struct reftable_block {
+	uint8_t *data;
+	int len;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+};
+
+/* block_source_vtable are the operations that make up block_source */
+struct reftable_block_source_vtable {
+	/* returns the size of a block source */
+	uint64_t (*size)(void *source);
+
+	/* reads a segment from the block source. It is an error to read
+	   beyond the end of the block */
+	int (*read_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *dest,
+			  uint64_t off, uint32_t size);
+	/* mark the block as read; may return the data back to malloc */
+	void (*return_block)(void *source, struct reftable_block *blockp);
+
+	/* release all resources associated with the block source */
+	void (*close)(void *source);
+};
+
+/* opens a file on the file system as a block_source */
+int reftable_block_source_from_file(struct reftable_block_source *block_src,
+				    const char *name);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type.
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (4 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (12 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of blocks, and each block
contains a sequence of prefix-compressed key-value records. There are 4 types of
records, and they have similarities in how they must be handled. This is
achieved by introducing a polymorphic 'record' type that encapsulates ref, log,
index and object records.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |    2 +
 reftable/constants.h       |   21 +
 reftable/record.c          | 1212 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/record.h          |  139 +++++
 reftable/record_test.c     |  412 ++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-record.h |  114 ++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |    2 +-
 7 files changed, 1901 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/constants.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/record.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/record_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-record.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index bfdac1e04c4..b57b2b0e78e 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2433,7 +2433,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/constants.h b/reftable/constants.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5eee72c4c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/constants.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef CONSTANTS_H
+#define CONSTANTS_H
+
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_LOG 'g'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX 'i'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_REF 'r'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ 'o'
+#define BLOCK_TYPE_ANY 0
+
+#define MAX_RESTARTS ((1 << 16) - 1)
+#define DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE 4096
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record.c b/reftable/record.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a5dac32dc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1212 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+/* record.c - methods for different types of records. */
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in)
+{
+	int ptr = 0;
+	uint64_t val;
+
+	if (in->len == 0)
+		return -1;
+	val = in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f;
+
+	while (in->buf[ptr] & 0x80) {
+		ptr++;
+		if (ptr > in->len) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		val = (val + 1) << 7 | (uint64_t)(in->buf[ptr] & 0x7f);
+	}
+
+	*dest = val;
+	return ptr + 1;
+}
+
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val)
+{
+	uint8_t buf[10] = { 0 };
+	int i = 9;
+	int n = 0;
+	buf[i] = (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+	i--;
+	while (1) {
+		val >>= 7;
+		if (!val) {
+			break;
+		}
+		val--;
+		buf[i] = 0x80 | (uint8_t)(val & 0x7f);
+		i--;
+	}
+
+	n = sizeof(buf) - i - 1;
+	if (dest->len < n)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest->buf, &buf[i + 1], n);
+	return n;
+}
+
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX:
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return rec->value.val1;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec)
+{
+	switch (rec->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return rec->value.val2.target_value;
+	default:
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int decode_string(struct strbuf *dest, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t tsize = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&tsize, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	if (in.len < tsize)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, in.buf, tsize);
+	string_view_consume(&in, tsize);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int encode_string(char *str, struct string_view s)
+{
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int l = strlen(str);
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, l);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	if (s.len < l)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(s.buf, str, l);
+	string_view_consume(&s, l);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_encode_key(int *restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra)
+{
+	struct string_view start = dest;
+	int prefix_len = common_prefix_size(&prev_key, &key);
+	uint64_t suffix_len = key.len - prefix_len;
+	int n = put_var_int(&dest, (uint64_t)prefix_len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	*restart = (prefix_len == 0);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&dest, suffix_len << 3 | (uint64_t)extra);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&dest, n);
+
+	if (dest.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+	memcpy(dest.buf, key.buf + prefix_len, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&dest, suffix_len);
+
+	return start.len - dest.len;
+}
+
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in)
+{
+	int start_len = in.len;
+	uint64_t prefix_len = 0;
+	uint64_t suffix_len = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&prefix_len, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	if (prefix_len > last_key.len)
+		return -1;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&suffix_len, &in);
+	if (n <= 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	*extra = (uint8_t)(suffix_len & 0x7);
+	suffix_len >>= 3;
+
+	if (in.len < suffix_len)
+		return -1;
+
+	strbuf_reset(key);
+	strbuf_add(key, last_key.buf, prefix_len);
+	strbuf_add(key, in.buf, suffix_len);
+	string_view_consume(&in, suffix_len);
+
+	return start_len - in.len;
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, rec->refname);
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec;
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *src = src_rec;
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	/* This is simple and correct, but we could probably reuse the hash
+	 * fields. */
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	if (src->refname) {
+		ref->refname = xstrdup(src->refname);
+	}
+	ref->update_index = src->update_index;
+	ref->value_type = src->value_type;
+	switch (src->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		ref->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val1, src->value.val1, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		ref->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.value, src->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		ref->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(ref->value.val2.target_value,
+		       src->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		ref->value.symref = xstrdup(src->value.symref);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static char hexdigit(int c)
+{
+	if (c <= 9)
+		return '0' + c;
+	return 'a' + (c - 10);
+}
+
+static void hex_format(char *dest, uint8_t *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (src) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < hash_size; i++) {
+			dest[2 * i] = hexdigit(src[i] >> 4);
+			dest[2 * i + 1] = hexdigit(src[i] & 0xf);
+		}
+		dest[2 * hash_size] = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[2 * GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 }; /* BUG */
+	printf("ref{%s(%" PRIu64 ") ", ref->refname, ref->update_index);
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		printf("=> %s", ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.value, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 2 %s", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			   hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("(T %s)", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		hex_format(hex, ref->value.val1, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("val 1 %s", hex);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		printf("delete");
+		break;
+	}
+	printf("}\n");
+}
+
+static void reftable_ref_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	reftable_ref_record_release(rec);
+}
+
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	switch (ref->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.symref);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.target_value);
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val2.value);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		reftable_free(ref->value.val1);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(ref->refname);
+	memset(ref, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_ref_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	return r->value_type;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = put_var_int(&s, r->update_index);
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		n = encode_string(r->value.symref, s);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (s.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (s.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		memcpy(s.buf, r->value.val1, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&s, hash_size);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	uint64_t update_index = 0;
+	int n = get_var_int(&update_index, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(r);
+
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->update_index = update_index;
+	r->refname[key.len] = 0;
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	switch (val_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		if (in.len < hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val1 = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val1, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		if (in.len < 2 * hash_size) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		r->value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+
+		r->value.val2.target_value = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+		memcpy(r->value.val2.target_value, in.buf, hash_size);
+		string_view_consume(&in, hash_size);
+		break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF: {
+		struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+		r->value.symref = dest.buf;
+	} break;
+
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		break;
+	default:
+		abort();
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_ref_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_ref_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_ref_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_REF,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_ref_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_ref_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_ref_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_ref_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_ref_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_ref_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, rec->hash_prefix, rec->hash_prefix_len);
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->hash_prefix);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(obj->offsets);
+	memset(obj, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+}
+
+static void reftable_obj_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record *obj = rec;
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_obj_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_obj_record_release(obj);
+	*obj = *src;
+	obj->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(obj->hash_prefix_len);
+	memcpy(obj->hash_prefix, src->hash_prefix, obj->hash_prefix_len);
+
+	obj->offsets = reftable_malloc(obj->offset_len * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	COPY_ARRAY(obj->offsets, src->offsets, obj->offset_len);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_obj_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	if (r->offset_len > 0 && r->offset_len < 8)
+		return r->offset_len;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int i = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last = 0;
+	if (r->offset_len == 0 || r->offset_len >= 8) {
+		n = put_var_int(&s, r->offset_len);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+	}
+	if (r->offset_len == 0)
+		return start.len - s.len;
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[0]);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	for (i = 1; i < r->offset_len; i++) {
+		int n = put_var_int(&s, r->offsets[i] - last);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&s, n);
+		last = r->offsets[i];
+	}
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_obj_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_obj_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t count = val_type;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint64_t last;
+	int j;
+	r->hash_prefix = reftable_malloc(key.len);
+	memcpy(r->hash_prefix, key.buf, key.len);
+	r->hash_prefix_len = key.len;
+
+	if (val_type == 0) {
+		n = get_var_int(&count, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	}
+
+	r->offsets = NULL;
+	r->offset_len = 0;
+	if (count == 0)
+		return start.len - in.len;
+
+	r->offsets = reftable_malloc(count * sizeof(uint64_t));
+	r->offset_len = count;
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offsets[0], &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	last = r->offsets[0];
+	j = 1;
+	while (j < count) {
+		uint64_t delta = 0;
+		int n = get_var_int(&delta, &in);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			return n;
+		}
+		string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+		last = r->offsets[j] = (delta + last);
+		j++;
+	}
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static int not_a_deletion(const void *p)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_obj_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_obj_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_obj_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_obj_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_obj_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_obj_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_obj_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	char hex[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ + 1] = { 0 };
+
+	switch (log->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") delete", log->refname,
+		       log->update_index);
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		printf("log{%s(%" PRIu64 ") %s <%s> %" PRIu64 " %04d\n",
+		       log->refname, log->update_index, log->value.update.name,
+		       log->value.update.email, log->value.update.time,
+		       log->value.update.tz_offset);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.old_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s => ", hex);
+		hex_format(hex, log->value.update.new_hash, hash_size(hash_id));
+		printf("%s\n\n%s\n}\n", hex, log->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *rec =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)r;
+	int len = strlen(rec->refname);
+	uint8_t i64[8];
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_add(dest, (uint8_t *)rec->refname, len + 1);
+
+	ts = (~ts) - rec->update_index;
+	put_be64(&i64[0], ts);
+	strbuf_add(dest, i64, sizeof(i64));
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					  int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *src =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)src_rec;
+
+	reftable_log_record_release(dst);
+	*dst = *src;
+	if (dst->refname) {
+		dst->refname = xstrdup(dst->refname);
+	}
+	switch (dst->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		if (dst->value.update.email) {
+			dst->value.update.email =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.email);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.name) {
+			dst->value.update.name =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.name);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.message) {
+			dst->value.update.message =
+				xstrdup(dst->value.update.message);
+		}
+
+		if (dst->value.update.new_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.new_hash,
+			       src->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		if (dst->value.update.old_hash) {
+			dst->value.update.old_hash = reftable_malloc(hash_size);
+			memcpy(dst->value.update.old_hash,
+			       src->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void reftable_log_record_release_void(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	reftable_log_record_release(r);
+}
+
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *r)
+{
+	reftable_free(r->refname);
+	switch (r->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		break;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.new_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.old_hash);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.name);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.email);
+		reftable_free(r->value.update.message);
+		break;
+	}
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_log_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *log =
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)rec;
+
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+
+static uint8_t zero[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+
+static int reftable_log_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view s,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	struct string_view start = s;
+	int n = 0;
+	uint8_t *oldh = NULL;
+	uint8_t *newh = NULL;
+	if (reftable_log_record_is_deletion(r))
+		return 0;
+
+	oldh = r->value.update.old_hash;
+	newh = r->value.update.new_hash;
+	if (!oldh) {
+		oldh = zero;
+	}
+	if (!newh) {
+		newh = zero;
+	}
+
+	if (s.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(s.buf, oldh, hash_size);
+	memcpy(s.buf + hash_size, newh, hash_size);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.name ? r->value.update.name : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = encode_string(r->value.update.email ? r->value.update.email : "",
+			  s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	n = put_var_int(&s, r->value.update.time);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	if (s.len < 2)
+		return -1;
+
+	put_be16(s.buf, r->value.update.tz_offset);
+	string_view_consume(&s, 2);
+
+	n = encode_string(
+		r->value.update.message ? r->value.update.message : "", s);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&s, n);
+
+	return start.len - s.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+				      uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+				      int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_log_record *r = rec;
+	uint64_t max = 0;
+	uint64_t ts = 0;
+	struct strbuf dest = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n;
+
+	if (key.len <= 9 || key.buf[key.len - 9] != 0)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->refname = reftable_realloc(r->refname, key.len - 8);
+	memcpy(r->refname, key.buf, key.len - 8);
+	ts = get_be64(key.buf + key.len - 8);
+
+	r->update_index = (~max) - ts;
+
+	if (val_type != r->value_type) {
+		switch (r->value_type) {
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.old_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.new_hash);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.message);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.email);
+			FREE_AND_NULL(r->value.update.name);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	r->value_type = val_type;
+	if (val_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (in.len < 2 * hash_size)
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	r->value.update.old_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.old_hash, hash_size);
+	r->value.update.new_hash =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+
+	memcpy(r->value.update.old_hash, in.buf, hash_size);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.new_hash, in.buf + hash_size, hash_size);
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2 * hash_size);
+
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.name =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.name, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.name, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.name[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.email =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.email, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.email, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.email[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	ts = 0;
+	n = get_var_int(&ts, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	r->value.update.time = ts;
+	if (in.len < 2)
+		goto done;
+
+	r->value.update.tz_offset = get_be16(in.buf);
+	string_view_consume(&in, 2);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dest);
+	n = decode_string(&dest, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	r->value.update.message =
+		reftable_realloc(r->value.update.message, dest.len + 1);
+	memcpy(r->value.update.message, dest.buf, dest.len);
+	r->value.update.message[dest.len] = 0;
+
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&dest);
+	return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+}
+
+static int null_streq(char *a, char *b)
+{
+	char *empty = "";
+	if (!a)
+		a = empty;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = empty;
+
+	return 0 == strcmp(a, b);
+}
+
+static int zero_hash_eq(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int sz)
+{
+	if (!a)
+		a = zero;
+
+	if (!b)
+		b = zero;
+
+	return !memcmp(a, b, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (!(null_streq(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	case REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE:
+		return null_streq(a->value.update.name, b->value.update.name) &&
+		       a->value.update.time == b->value.update.time &&
+		       a->value.update.tz_offset == b->value.update.tz_offset &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.email,
+				  b->value.update.email) &&
+		       null_streq(a->value.update.message,
+				  b->value.update.message) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.old_hash,
+				    b->value.update.old_hash, hash_size) &&
+		       zero_hash_eq(a->value.update.new_hash,
+				    b->value.update.new_hash, hash_size);
+	}
+
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void(const void *p)
+{
+	return reftable_log_record_is_deletion(
+		(const struct reftable_log_record *)p);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_log_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_log_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_LOG,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_log_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_log_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_log_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_log_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_log_record_release_void,
+	.is_deletion = &reftable_log_record_is_deletion_void,
+};
+
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF: {
+		struct reftable_ref_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record));
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ: {
+		struct reftable_obj_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_obj_record));
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG: {
+		struct reftable_log_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_log_record));
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX: {
+		struct reftable_index_record empty = { .last_key =
+							       STRBUF_INIT };
+		struct reftable_index_record *r =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_index_record));
+		*r = empty;
+		reftable_record_from_index(&rec, r);
+		return rec;
+	}
+	}
+	abort();
+	return rec;
+}
+
+/* clear out the record, yielding the reftable_record data that was
+ * encapsulated. */
+static void *reftable_record_yield(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	void *p = rec->data;
+	rec->data = NULL;
+	return p;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	reftable_record_release(rec);
+	reftable_free(reftable_record_yield(rec));
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_key(const void *r, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *rec = r;
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addbuf(dest, &rec->last_key);
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_copy_from(void *rec, const void *src_rec,
+					    int hash_size)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *dst = rec;
+	const struct reftable_index_record *src = src_rec;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&dst->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dst->last_key, &src->last_key);
+	dst->offset = src->offset;
+}
+
+static void reftable_index_record_release(void *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record *idx = rec;
+	strbuf_release(&idx->last_key);
+}
+
+static uint8_t reftable_index_record_val_type(const void *rec)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_encode(const void *rec, struct string_view out,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	const struct reftable_index_record *r =
+		(const struct reftable_index_record *)rec;
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int n = put_var_int(&out, r->offset);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	return start.len - out.len;
+}
+
+static int reftable_index_record_decode(void *rec, struct strbuf key,
+					uint8_t val_type, struct string_view in,
+					int hash_size)
+{
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct reftable_index_record *r = rec;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&r->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&r->last_key, &key);
+
+	n = get_var_int(&r->offset, &in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	return start.len - in.len;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_record_vtable reftable_index_record_vtable = {
+	.key = &reftable_index_record_key,
+	.type = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX,
+	.copy_from = &reftable_index_record_copy_from,
+	.val_type = &reftable_index_record_val_type,
+	.encode = &reftable_index_record_encode,
+	.decode = &reftable_index_record_decode,
+	.release = &reftable_index_record_release,
+	.is_deletion = &not_a_deletion,
+};
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest)
+{
+	rec->ops->key(rec->data, dest);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->type;
+}
+
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->encode(rec->data, dest, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(src->ops->type == rec->ops->type);
+
+	rec->ops->copy_from(rec->data, src->data, hash_size);
+}
+
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->val_type(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src, int hash_size)
+{
+	return rec->ops->decode(rec->data, key, extra, src, hash_size);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	rec->ops->release(rec->data);
+}
+
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return rec->ops->is_deletion(rec->data);
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *ref_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = ref_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_ref_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *obj_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = obj_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_obj_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *index_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = index_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_index_record_vtable;
+}
+
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *log_rec)
+{
+	assert(!rec->ops);
+	rec->data = log_rec;
+	rec->ops = &reftable_log_record_vtable;
+}
+
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	assert(reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG);
+	return rec->data;
+}
+
+static int hash_equal(uint8_t *a, uint8_t *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	if (a && b)
+		return !memcmp(a, b, hash_size);
+
+	return a == b;
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size)
+{
+	assert(hash_size > 0);
+	if (!(0 == strcmp(a->refname, b->refname) &&
+	      a->update_index == b->update_index &&
+	      a->value_type == b->value_type))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (a->value_type) {
+	case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+		return !strcmp(a->value.symref, b->value.symref);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val2.value, b->value.val2.value,
+				  hash_size) &&
+		       hash_equal(a->value.val2.target_value,
+				  b->value.val2.target_value, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+		return hash_equal(a->value.val1, b->value.val1, hash_size);
+	case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		abort();
+	}
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strcmp(((struct reftable_ref_record *)a)->refname,
+		      ((struct reftable_ref_record *)b)->refname);
+}
+
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	return ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const struct reftable_log_record *la = a;
+	const struct reftable_log_record *lb = b;
+
+	int cmp = strcmp(la->refname, lb->refname);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	if (la->update_index > lb->update_index)
+		return -1;
+	return (la->update_index < lb->update_index) ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	return (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION);
+}
+
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n)
+{
+	s->buf += n;
+	s->len -= n;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/record.h b/reftable/record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..498e8c50bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef RECORD_H
+#define RECORD_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+/*
+ * A substring of existing string data. This structure takes no responsibility
+ * for the lifetime of the data it points to.
+ */
+struct string_view {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	size_t len;
+};
+
+/* Advance `s.buf` by `n`, and decrease length. */
+void string_view_consume(struct string_view *s, int n);
+
+/* utilities for de/encoding varints */
+
+int get_var_int(uint64_t *dest, struct string_view *in);
+int put_var_int(struct string_view *dest, uint64_t val);
+
+/* Methods for records. */
+struct reftable_record_vtable {
+	/* encode the key of to a uint8_t strbuf. */
+	void (*key)(const void *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+
+	/* The record type of ('r' for ref). */
+	uint8_t type;
+
+	void (*copy_from)(void *dest, const void *src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* a value of [0..7], indicating record subvariants (eg. ref vs. symref
+	 * vs ref deletion) */
+	uint8_t (*val_type)(const void *rec);
+
+	/* encodes rec into dest, returning how much space was used. */
+	int (*encode)(const void *rec, struct string_view dest, int hash_size);
+
+	/* decode data from `src` into the record. */
+	int (*decode)(void *rec, struct strbuf key, uint8_t extra,
+		      struct string_view src, int hash_size);
+
+	/* deallocate and null the record. */
+	void (*release)(void *rec);
+
+	/* is this a tombstone? */
+	int (*is_deletion)(const void *rec);
+};
+
+/* record is a generic wrapper for different types of records. */
+struct reftable_record {
+	void *data;
+	struct reftable_record_vtable *ops;
+};
+
+/* returns true for recognized block types. Block start with the block type. */
+int reftable_is_block_type(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* creates a malloced record of the given type. Dispose with record_destroy */
+struct reftable_record reftable_new_record(uint8_t typ);
+
+/* Encode `key` into `dest`. Sets `is_restart` to indicate a restart. Returns
+ * number of bytes written. */
+int reftable_encode_key(int *is_restart, struct string_view dest,
+			struct strbuf prev_key, struct strbuf key,
+			uint8_t extra);
+
+/* Decode into `key` and `extra` from `in` */
+int reftable_decode_key(struct strbuf *key, uint8_t *extra,
+			struct strbuf last_key, struct string_view in);
+
+/* reftable_index_record are used internally to speed up lookups. */
+struct reftable_index_record {
+	uint64_t offset; /* Offset of block */
+	struct strbuf last_key; /* Last key of the block. */
+};
+
+/* reftable_obj_record stores an object ID => ref mapping. */
+struct reftable_obj_record {
+	uint8_t *hash_prefix; /* leading bytes of the object ID */
+	int hash_prefix_len; /* number of leading bytes. Constant
+			      * across a single table. */
+	uint64_t *offsets; /* a vector of file offsets. */
+	int offset_len;
+};
+
+/* see struct record_vtable */
+
+void reftable_record_key(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf *dest);
+uint8_t reftable_record_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+void reftable_record_copy_from(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			       struct reftable_record *src, int hash_size);
+uint8_t reftable_record_val_type(struct reftable_record *rec);
+int reftable_record_encode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct string_view dest,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_decode(struct reftable_record *rec, struct strbuf key,
+			   uint8_t extra, struct string_view src,
+			   int hash_size);
+int reftable_record_is_deletion(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* zeroes out the embedded record */
+void reftable_record_release(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* clear and deallocate embedded record, and zero `rec`. */
+void reftable_record_destroy(struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* initialize generic records from concrete records. The generic record should
+ * be zeroed out. */
+void reftable_record_from_obj(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_obj_record *objrec);
+void reftable_record_from_index(struct reftable_record *rec,
+				struct reftable_index_record *idxrec);
+void reftable_record_from_ref(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *refrec);
+void reftable_record_from_log(struct reftable_record *rec,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *logrec);
+struct reftable_ref_record *reftable_record_as_ref(struct reftable_record *ref);
+struct reftable_log_record *reftable_record_as_log(struct reftable_record *ref);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_ref_record_compare_name(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+/* for qsort. */
+int reftable_log_record_compare_key(const void *a, const void *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/record_test.c b/reftable/record_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4ad7cace41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/record_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_copy(struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_record copy =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(rec));
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	/* do it twice to catch memory leaks */
+	reftable_record_copy_from(&copy, rec, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	switch (reftable_record_type(&copy)) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(reftable_record_as_ref(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_ref(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(reftable_record_as_log(&copy),
+						 reftable_record_as_log(rec),
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		break;
+	}
+	reftable_record_destroy(&copy);
+}
+
+static void test_varint_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint64_t inputs[] = { 0,
+			      1,
+			      27,
+			      127,
+			      128,
+			      257,
+			      4096,
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63),
+			      ((uint64_t)1 << 63) + ((uint64_t)1 << 63) - 1 };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(inputs); i++) {
+		uint8_t dest[10];
+
+		struct string_view out = {
+			.buf = dest,
+			.len = sizeof(dest),
+		};
+		uint64_t in = inputs[i];
+		int n = put_var_int(&out, in);
+		uint64_t got = 0;
+
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		out.len = n;
+		n = get_var_int(&got, &out);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		EXPECT(got == in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_common_prefix(void)
+{
+	struct {
+		const char *a, *b;
+		int want;
+	} cases[] = {
+		{ "abc", "ab", 2 },
+		{ "", "abc", 0 },
+		{ "abc", "abd", 2 },
+		{ "abc", "pqr", 0 },
+	};
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct strbuf a = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf b = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&a, cases[i].a);
+		strbuf_addstr(&b, cases[i].b);
+		EXPECT(common_prefix_size(&a, &b) == cases[i].want);
+
+		strbuf_release(&a);
+		strbuf_release(&b);
+	}
+}
+
+static void set_hash(uint8_t *h, int j)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID); i++) {
+		h[i] = (j >> i) & 0xff;
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+
+	for (i = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION; i < REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record in = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_ref_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+
+		int n, m;
+
+		in.value_type = i;
+		switch (i) {
+		case REFTABLE_REF_DELETION:
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL1:
+			in.value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val1, 1);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_VAL2:
+			in.value.val2.value = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.value, 1);
+			in.value.val2.target_value =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_hash(in.value.val2.target_value, 2);
+			break;
+		case REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF:
+			in.value.symref = xstrdup("target");
+			break;
+		}
+		in.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master");
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_record_val_type(&rec) == i);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+		/* decode into a non-zero reftable_record to test for leaks. */
+
+		reftable_record_from_ref(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, i, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&in, &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&in);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_equal(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+		}
+	};
+
+	EXPECT(!reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	in[1].update_index = in[0].update_index;
+	EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[0], &in[1], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[0]);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&in[1]);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record in[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 42,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.old_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("han-wen"),
+					.email = xstrdup("hanwen@google.com"),
+					.message = xstrdup("test"),
+					.time = 1577123507,
+					.tz_offset = 100,
+				},
+			}
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = xstrdup("refs/heads/master"),
+			.update_index = 22,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
+		}
+	};
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.new_hash, 1);
+	set_test_hash(in[0].value.update.old_hash, 2);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(in); i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		/* populate out, to check for leaks. */
+		struct reftable_log_record out = {
+			.refname = xstrdup("old name"),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = {
+				.update = {
+					.new_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.old_hash = reftable_calloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ),
+					.name = xstrdup("old name"),
+					.email = xstrdup("old@email"),
+					.message = xstrdup("old message"),
+				},
+			},
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m, valtype;
+
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &in[i]);
+
+		test_copy(&rec);
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n >= 0);
+		reftable_record_from_log(&rec_out, &out);
+		valtype = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, valtype, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&in[i], &out, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&in[i]);
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_u24_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint32_t in = 0x112233;
+	uint8_t dest[3];
+	uint32_t out;
+	put_be24(dest, in);
+	out = get_be24(dest);
+	EXPECT(in == out);
+}
+
+static void test_key_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf roundtrip = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int restart;
+	uint8_t extra;
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t rt_extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	strbuf_addstr(&key, "refs/tags/bla");
+	extra = 6;
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&restart, dest, last_key, key, extra);
+	EXPECT(!restart);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	m = reftable_decode_key(&roundtrip, &rt_extra, last_key, dest);
+	EXPECT(n == m);
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &roundtrip));
+	EXPECT(rt_extra == extra);
+
+	strbuf_release(&last_key);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&roundtrip);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	uint8_t testHash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 0 };
+	uint64_t till9[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 500, 600, 700, 800, 9000 };
+	struct reftable_obj_record recs[3] = { {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 3,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+						       .offsets = till9,
+						       .offset_len = 9,
+					       },
+					       {
+						       .hash_prefix = testHash1,
+						       .hash_prefix_len = 5,
+					       } };
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(recs); i++) {
+		struct reftable_obj_record in = recs[i];
+		uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+		struct string_view dest = {
+			.buf = buffer,
+			.len = sizeof(buffer),
+		};
+		struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+		struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct reftable_obj_record out = { NULL };
+		struct reftable_record rec_out = { NULL };
+		int n, m;
+		uint8_t extra;
+
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &in);
+		test_copy(&rec);
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n > 0);
+		extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+		reftable_record_from_obj(&rec_out, &out);
+		m = reftable_record_decode(&rec_out, key, extra, dest,
+					   GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		EXPECT(n == m);
+
+		EXPECT(in.hash_prefix_len == out.hash_prefix_len);
+		EXPECT(in.offset_len == out.offset_len);
+
+		EXPECT(!memcmp(in.hash_prefix, out.hash_prefix,
+			       in.hash_prefix_len));
+		EXPECT(0 == memcmp(in.offsets, out.offsets,
+				   sizeof(uint64_t) * in.offset_len));
+		strbuf_release(&key);
+		reftable_record_release(&rec_out);
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record in = {
+		.offset = 42,
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	uint8_t buffer[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct string_view dest = {
+		.buf = buffer,
+		.len = sizeof(buffer),
+	};
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record out = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record out_rec = { NULL };
+	int n, m;
+	uint8_t extra;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&in.last_key, "refs/heads/master");
+	reftable_record_from_index(&rec, &in);
+	reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+	test_copy(&rec);
+
+	EXPECT(0 == strbuf_cmp(&key, &in.last_key));
+	n = reftable_record_encode(&rec, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	extra = reftable_record_val_type(&rec);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&out_rec, &out);
+	m = reftable_record_decode(&out_rec, key, extra, dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+	EXPECT(m == n);
+
+	EXPECT(in.offset == out.offset);
+
+	reftable_record_release(&out_rec);
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&in.last_key);
+}
+
+int record_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_log_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_ref_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_varint_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_key_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_common_prefix);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_obj_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_index_record_roundtrip);
+	RUN_TEST(test_u24_roundtrip);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-record.h b/reftable/reftable-record.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5370d2288c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+#define REFTABLE_RECORD_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/*
+ * Basic data types
+ *
+ * Reftables store the state of each ref in struct reftable_ref_record, and they
+ * store a sequence of reflog updates in struct reftable_log_record.
+ */
+
+/* reftable_ref_record holds a ref database entry target_value */
+struct reftable_ref_record {
+	char *refname; /* Name of the ref, malloced. */
+	uint64_t update_index; /* Logical timestamp at which this value is
+				* written */
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_REF_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple ref */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 = 0x1,
+		/* a tag, plus its peeled hash */
+		REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 = 0x2,
+
+		/* a symbolic reference */
+		REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF = 0x3,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_REF_VALUETYPES 4
+	} value_type;
+	union {
+		uint8_t *val1; /* malloced hash. */
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *value; /* first value, malloced hash  */
+			uint8_t *target_value; /* second value, malloced hash */
+		} val2;
+		char *symref; /* referent, malloced 0-terminated string */
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* Returns the first hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 or REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val1(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* Returns the second hash, or NULL if `rec` is not of type
+ * REFTABLE_REF_VAL2. */
+uint8_t *reftable_ref_record_val2(struct reftable_ref_record *rec);
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents a deletion */
+int reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* prints a reftable_ref_record onto stdout. Useful for debugging. */
+void reftable_ref_record_print(struct reftable_ref_record *ref,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values inside `ref`. */
+void reftable_ref_record_release(struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* returns whether two reftable_ref_records are the same. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_ref_record_equal(struct reftable_ref_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_ref_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* reftable_log_record holds a reflog entry */
+struct reftable_log_record {
+	char *refname;
+	uint64_t update_index; /* logical timestamp of a transactional update.
+				*/
+
+	enum {
+		/* tombstone to hide deletions from earlier tables */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION = 0x0,
+
+		/* a simple update */
+		REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE = 0x1,
+#define REFTABLE_NR_LOG_VALUETYPES 2
+	} value_type;
+
+	union {
+		struct {
+			uint8_t *new_hash;
+			uint8_t *old_hash;
+			char *name;
+			char *email;
+			uint64_t time;
+			int16_t tz_offset;
+			char *message;
+		} update;
+	} value;
+};
+
+/* returns whether 'ref' represents the deletion of a log record. */
+int reftable_log_record_is_deletion(const struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* frees and nulls all pointer values. */
+void reftable_log_record_release(struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* returns whether two records are equal. Useful for testing. */
+int reftable_log_record_equal(struct reftable_log_record *a,
+			      struct reftable_log_record *b, int hash_size);
+
+/* dumps a reftable_log_record on stdout, for debugging/testing. */
+void reftable_log_record_print(struct reftable_log_record *log,
+			       uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 3b58e423e7b..09d4b83ef9b 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
-
+	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (5 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (11 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This will be needed for reading reflog blocks in reftable.

Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |  7 +++
 ci/lib.sh                 |  1 +
 compat/.gitattributes     |  1 +
 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c | 95 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 config.mak.uname          |  5 +++
 configure.ac              | 13 ++++++
 6 files changed, 122 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 compat/.gitattributes
 create mode 100644 compat/zlib-uncompress2.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index b57b2b0e78e..9dfab70f79b 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -256,6 +256,8 @@ all::
 #
 # Define NO_DEFLATE_BOUND if your zlib does not have deflateBound.
 #
+# Define NO_UNCOMPRESS2 if your zlib does not have uncompress2.
+#
 # Define NO_NORETURN if using buggy versions of gcc 4.6+ and profile feedback,
 # as the compiler can crash (http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49299)
 #
@@ -1718,6 +1720,11 @@ ifdef NO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_DEFLATE_BOUND
 endif
 
+ifdef NO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_UNCOMPRESS2
+	REFTABLE_OBJS += compat/zlib-uncompress2.o
+endif
+
 ifdef NO_POSIX_GOODIES
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_POSIX_GOODIES
 endif
diff --git a/ci/lib.sh b/ci/lib.sh
index 476c3f369f5..5711c63979d 100755
--- a/ci/lib.sh
+++ b/ci/lib.sh
@@ -224,6 +224,7 @@ linux-gcc-default)
 	;;
 Linux32)
 	CC=gcc
+	MAKEFLAGS="$MAKEFLAGS NO_UNCOMPRESS2=1"
 	;;
 linux-musl)
 	CC=gcc
diff --git a/compat/.gitattributes b/compat/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..40dbfb170da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/zlib-uncompress2.c	whitespace=-indent-with-non-tab,-trailing-space
diff --git a/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3dcb90b2839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/zlib-uncompress2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/* taken from zlib's uncompr.c
+
+   commit cacf7f1d4e3d44d871b605da3b647f07d718623f
+   Author: Mark Adler <madler@alumni.caltech.edu>
+   Date:   Sun Jan 15 09:18:46 2017 -0800
+
+       zlib 1.2.11
+
+*/
+
+#include "../reftable/system.h"
+#define z_const
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 1995-2003, 2010, 2014, 2016 Jean-loup Gailly, Mark Adler
+ * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
+ */
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+/* clang-format off */
+
+/* ===========================================================================
+     Decompresses the source buffer into the destination buffer.  *sourceLen is
+   the byte length of the source buffer. Upon entry, *destLen is the total size
+   of the destination buffer, which must be large enough to hold the entire
+   uncompressed data. (The size of the uncompressed data must have been saved
+   previously by the compressor and transmitted to the decompressor by some
+   mechanism outside the scope of this compression library.) Upon exit,
+   *destLen is the size of the decompressed data and *sourceLen is the number
+   of source bytes consumed. Upon return, source + *sourceLen points to the
+   first unused input byte.
+
+     uncompress returns Z_OK if success, Z_MEM_ERROR if there was not enough
+   memory, Z_BUF_ERROR if there was not enough room in the output buffer, or
+   Z_DATA_ERROR if the input data was corrupted, including if the input data is
+   an incomplete zlib stream.
+*/
+int ZEXPORT uncompress2 (
+    Bytef *dest,
+    uLongf *destLen,
+    const Bytef *source,
+    uLong *sourceLen) {
+    z_stream stream;
+    int err;
+    const uInt max = (uInt)-1;
+    uLong len, left;
+    Byte buf[1];    /* for detection of incomplete stream when *destLen == 0 */
+
+    len = *sourceLen;
+    if (*destLen) {
+        left = *destLen;
+        *destLen = 0;
+    }
+    else {
+        left = 1;
+        dest = buf;
+    }
+
+    stream.next_in = (z_const Bytef *)source;
+    stream.avail_in = 0;
+    stream.zalloc = (alloc_func)0;
+    stream.zfree = (free_func)0;
+    stream.opaque = (voidpf)0;
+
+    err = inflateInit(&stream);
+    if (err != Z_OK) return err;
+
+    stream.next_out = dest;
+    stream.avail_out = 0;
+
+    do {
+        if (stream.avail_out == 0) {
+            stream.avail_out = left > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)left;
+            left -= stream.avail_out;
+        }
+        if (stream.avail_in == 0) {
+            stream.avail_in = len > (uLong)max ? max : (uInt)len;
+            len -= stream.avail_in;
+        }
+        err = inflate(&stream, Z_NO_FLUSH);
+    } while (err == Z_OK);
+
+    *sourceLen -= len + stream.avail_in;
+    if (dest != buf)
+        *destLen = stream.total_out;
+    else if (stream.total_out && err == Z_BUF_ERROR)
+        left = 1;
+
+    inflateEnd(&stream);
+    return err == Z_STREAM_END ? Z_OK :
+           err == Z_NEED_DICT ? Z_DATA_ERROR  :
+           err == Z_BUF_ERROR && left + stream.avail_out ? Z_DATA_ERROR :
+           err;
+}
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
index 76516aaa9a5..9399247cbb3 100644
--- a/config.mak.uname
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -258,6 +258,10 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
 	FILENO_IS_A_MACRO = UnfortunatelyYes
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
+	# Versions < 7.0 need compatibility layer
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : "[1-6]\."),2)
+		NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = UnfortunatelyYes
+	endif
 	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
@@ -513,6 +517,7 @@ ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
 	endif
 endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Minix)
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2 = YesPlease
 	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 031e8d3fee8..c3a913103d0 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -672,9 +672,22 @@ AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_SRC],
 	NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=yes])
 LIBS="$old_LIBS"
 
+AC_DEFUN([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC], [
+AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <zlib.h>],
+ [uncompress2(NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);])])
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for uncompress2 in -lz])
+old_LIBS="$LIBS"
+LIBS="$LIBS -lz"
+AC_LINK_IFELSE([ZLIBTEST_UNCOMPRESS2_SRC],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])],
+	[AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+	NO_UNCOMPRESS2=yes])
+LIBS="$old_LIBS"
+
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
 
 GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_DEFLATE_BOUND])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_UNCOMPRESS2])
 
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (6 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (10 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format is structured as a sequence of block. Within a block,
records are prefix compressed, with an index of offsets for fully expand keys to
enable binary search within blocks.

This commit provides the logic to read and write these blocks.

Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   2 +
 reftable/block.c         | 437 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/block.h         | 127 ++++++++++++
 reftable/block_test.c    | 120 +++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 687 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/block.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/block_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 9dfab70f79b..153db9dff11 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2438,10 +2438,12 @@ xdiff-objs: $(XDIFF_OBJS)
 
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/block.c b/reftable/block.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..855e3f5c947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.c
@@ -0,0 +1,437 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+int header_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 24;
+	case 2:
+		return 28;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+int footer_size(int version)
+{
+	switch (version) {
+	case 1:
+		return 68;
+	case 2:
+		return 72;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int block_writer_register_restart(struct block_writer *w, int n,
+					 int is_restart, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	int rlen = w->restart_len;
+	if (rlen >= MAX_RESTARTS) {
+		is_restart = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (is_restart) {
+		rlen++;
+	}
+	if (2 + 3 * rlen + n > w->block_size - w->next)
+		return -1;
+	if (is_restart) {
+		if (w->restart_len == w->restart_cap) {
+			w->restart_cap = w->restart_cap * 2 + 1;
+			w->restarts = reftable_realloc(
+				w->restarts, sizeof(uint32_t) * w->restart_cap);
+		}
+
+		w->restarts[w->restart_len++] = w->next;
+	}
+
+	w->next += n;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, key);
+	w->entries++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size)
+{
+	bw->buf = buf;
+	bw->hash_size = hash_size;
+	bw->block_size = block_size;
+	bw->header_off = header_off;
+	bw->buf[header_off] = typ;
+	bw->next = header_off + 4;
+	bw->restart_interval = 16;
+	bw->entries = 0;
+	bw->restart_len = 0;
+	bw->last_key.len = 0;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	return bw->buf[bw->header_off];
+}
+
+/* adds the reftable_record to the block. Returns -1 if it does not fit, 0 on
+   success */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last =
+		w->entries % w->restart_interval == 0 ? empty : w->last_key;
+	struct string_view out = {
+		.buf = w->buf + w->next,
+		.len = w->block_size - w->next,
+	};
+
+	struct string_view start = out;
+
+	int is_restart = 0;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	n = reftable_encode_key(&is_restart, out, last, key,
+				reftable_record_val_type(rec));
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	n = reftable_record_encode(rec, out, w->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		goto done;
+	string_view_consume(&out, n);
+
+	if (block_writer_register_restart(w, start.len - out.len, is_restart,
+					  &key) < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->restart_len; i++) {
+		put_be24(w->buf + w->next, w->restarts[i]);
+		w->next += 3;
+	}
+
+	put_be16(w->buf + w->next, w->restart_len);
+	w->next += 2;
+	put_be24(w->buf + 1 + w->header_off, w->next);
+
+	if (block_writer_type(w) == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + w->header_off;
+		uLongf src_len = w->next - block_header_skip;
+		uLongf dest_cap = src_len * 1.001 + 12;
+
+		uint8_t *compressed = reftable_malloc(dest_cap);
+		while (1) {
+			uLongf out_dest_len = dest_cap;
+			int zresult = compress2(compressed, &out_dest_len,
+						w->buf + block_header_skip,
+						src_len, 9);
+			if (zresult == Z_BUF_ERROR && dest_cap < LONG_MAX) {
+				dest_cap *= 2;
+				compressed =
+					reftable_realloc(compressed, dest_cap);
+				if (compressed)
+					continue;
+			}
+
+			if (Z_OK != zresult) {
+				reftable_free(compressed);
+				return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+			}
+
+			memcpy(w->buf + block_header_skip, compressed,
+			       out_dest_len);
+			w->next = out_dest_len + block_header_skip;
+			reftable_free(compressed);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return w->next;
+}
+
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->block.data[r->header_off];
+}
+
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *block,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size)
+{
+	uint32_t full_block_size = table_block_size;
+	uint8_t typ = block->data[header_off];
+	uint32_t sz = get_be24(block->data + header_off + 1);
+
+	uint16_t restart_count = 0;
+	uint32_t restart_start = 0;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes = NULL;
+
+	if (!reftable_is_block_type(typ))
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		int block_header_skip = 4 + header_off;
+		uLongf dst_len = sz - block_header_skip; /* total size of dest
+							    buffer. */
+		uLongf src_len = block->len - block_header_skip;
+		/* Log blocks specify the *uncompressed* size in their header.
+		 */
+		uint8_t *uncompressed = reftable_malloc(sz);
+
+		/* Copy over the block header verbatim. It's not compressed. */
+		memcpy(uncompressed, block->data, block_header_skip);
+
+		/* Uncompress */
+		if (Z_OK !=
+		    uncompress2(uncompressed + block_header_skip, &dst_len,
+				block->data + block_header_skip, &src_len)) {
+			reftable_free(uncompressed);
+			return REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR;
+		}
+
+		if (dst_len + block_header_skip != sz)
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+
+		/* We're done with the input data. */
+		reftable_block_done(block);
+		block->data = uncompressed;
+		block->len = sz;
+		block->source = malloc_block_source();
+		full_block_size = src_len + block_header_skip;
+	} else if (full_block_size == 0) {
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	} else if (sz < full_block_size && sz < block->len &&
+		   block->data[sz] != 0) {
+		/* If the block is smaller than the full block size, it is
+		   padded (data followed by '\0') or the next block is
+		   unaligned. */
+		full_block_size = sz;
+	}
+
+	restart_count = get_be16(block->data + sz - 2);
+	restart_start = sz - 2 - 3 * restart_count;
+	restart_bytes = block->data + restart_start;
+
+	/* transfer ownership. */
+	br->block = *block;
+	block->data = NULL;
+	block->len = 0;
+
+	br->hash_size = hash_size;
+	br->block_len = restart_start;
+	br->full_block_size = full_block_size;
+	br->header_off = header_off;
+	br->restart_count = restart_count;
+	br->restart_bytes = restart_bytes;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static uint32_t block_reader_restart_offset(struct block_reader *br, int i)
+{
+	return get_be24(br->restart_bytes + 3 * i);
+}
+
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	it->br = br;
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+}
+
+struct restart_find_args {
+	int error;
+	struct strbuf key;
+	struct block_reader *r;
+};
+
+static int restart_key_less(size_t idx, void *args)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args *a = args;
+	uint32_t off = block_reader_restart_offset(a->r, idx);
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = a->r->block.data + off,
+		.len = a->r->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	/* the restart key is verbatim in the block, so this could avoid the
+	   alloc for decoding the key */
+	struct strbuf rkey = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf last_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t unused_extra;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(&rkey, &unused_extra, last_key, in);
+	int result;
+	if (n < 0) {
+		a->error = 1;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	result = strbuf_cmp(&a->key, &rkey);
+	strbuf_release(&rkey);
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->br = src->br;
+	dest->next_off = src->next_off;
+	strbuf_reset(&dest->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&dest->last_key, &src->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = it->br->block.data + it->next_off,
+		.len = it->br->block_len - it->next_off,
+	};
+	struct string_view start = in;
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+
+	if (it->next_off >= it->br->block_len)
+		return 1;
+
+	n = reftable_decode_key(&key, &extra, it->last_key, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+	n = reftable_record_decode(rec, key, extra, in, it->br->hash_size);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return -1;
+	string_view_consume(&in, n);
+
+	strbuf_reset(&it->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&it->last_key, &key);
+	it->next_off += start.len - in.len;
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key)
+{
+	struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int off = br->header_off + 4;
+	struct string_view in = {
+		.buf = br->block.data + off,
+		.len = br->block_len - off,
+	};
+
+	uint8_t extra = 0;
+	int n = reftable_decode_key(key, &extra, empty, in);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	return block_reader_seek(it->br, it, want);
+}
+
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&it->last_key);
+}
+
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want)
+{
+	struct restart_find_args args = {
+		.key = *want,
+		.r = br,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(block_reader_type(br));
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct block_iter next = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+
+	int i = binsearch(br->restart_count, &restart_key_less, &args);
+	if (args.error) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	it->br = br;
+	if (i > 0) {
+		i--;
+		it->next_off = block_reader_restart_offset(br, i);
+	} else {
+		it->next_off = br->header_off + 4;
+	}
+
+	/* We're looking for the last entry less/equal than the wanted key, so
+	   we have to go one entry too far and then back up.
+	*/
+	while (1) {
+		block_iter_copy_from(&next, it);
+		err = block_iter_next(&next, &rec);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&rec, &key);
+		if (err > 0 || strbuf_cmp(&key, want) >= 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		block_iter_copy_from(it, &next);
+	}
+
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&next.last_key);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(bw->restarts);
+	strbuf_release(&bw->last_key);
+	/* the block is not owned. */
+}
+
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *blockp)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source source = blockp->source;
+	if (blockp && source.ops)
+		source.ops->return_block(source.arg, blockp);
+	blockp->data = NULL;
+	blockp->len = 0;
+	blockp->source.ops = NULL;
+	blockp->source.arg = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/block.h b/reftable/block.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e207706a644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block.h
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOCK_H
+#define BLOCK_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Writes reftable blocks. The block_writer is reused across blocks to minimize
+ * allocation overhead.
+ */
+struct block_writer {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* Offset ofof the global header. Nonzero in the first block only. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* How often to restart keys. */
+	int restart_interval;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* Offset of next uint8_t to write. */
+	uint32_t next;
+	uint32_t *restarts;
+	uint32_t restart_len;
+	uint32_t restart_cap;
+
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+	int entries;
+};
+
+/*
+ * initializes the blockwriter to write `typ` entries, using `buf` as temporary
+ * storage. `buf` is not owned by the block_writer. */
+void block_writer_init(struct block_writer *bw, uint8_t typ, uint8_t *buf,
+		       uint32_t block_size, uint32_t header_off, int hash_size);
+
+/* returns the block type (eg. 'r' for ref records. */
+uint8_t block_writer_type(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* appends the record, or -1 if it doesn't fit. */
+int block_writer_add(struct block_writer *w, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* appends the key restarts, and compress the block if necessary. */
+int block_writer_finish(struct block_writer *w);
+
+/* clears out internally allocated block_writer members. */
+void block_writer_release(struct block_writer *bw);
+
+/* Read a block. */
+struct block_reader {
+	/* offset of the block header; nonzero for the first block in a
+	 * reftable. */
+	uint32_t header_off;
+
+	/* the memory block */
+	struct reftable_block block;
+	int hash_size;
+
+	/* size of the data, excluding restart data. */
+	uint32_t block_len;
+	uint8_t *restart_bytes;
+	uint16_t restart_count;
+
+	/* size of the data in the file. For log blocks, this is the compressed
+	 * size. */
+	uint32_t full_block_size;
+};
+
+/* Iterate over entries in a block */
+struct block_iter {
+	/* offset within the block of the next entry to read. */
+	uint32_t next_off;
+	struct block_reader *br;
+
+	/* key for last entry we read. */
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+};
+
+/* initializes a block reader. */
+int block_reader_init(struct block_reader *br, struct reftable_block *bl,
+		      uint32_t header_off, uint32_t table_block_size,
+		      int hash_size);
+
+/* Position `it` at start of the block */
+void block_reader_start(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* Position `it` to the `want` key in the block */
+int block_reader_seek(struct block_reader *br, struct block_iter *it,
+		      struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* Returns the block type (eg. 'r' for refs) */
+uint8_t block_reader_type(struct block_reader *r);
+
+/* Decodes the first key in the block */
+int block_reader_first_key(struct block_reader *br, struct strbuf *key);
+
+void block_iter_copy_from(struct block_iter *dest, struct block_iter *src);
+
+/* return < 0 for error, 0 for OK, > 0 for EOF. */
+int block_iter_next(struct block_iter *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+/* Seek to `want` with in the block pointed to by `it` */
+int block_iter_seek(struct block_iter *it, struct strbuf *want);
+
+/* deallocate memory for `it`. The block reader and its block is left intact. */
+void block_iter_close(struct block_iter *it);
+
+/* size of file header, depending on format version */
+int header_size(int version);
+
+/* size of file footer, depending on format version */
+int footer_size(int version);
+
+/* returns a block to its source. */
+void reftable_block_done(struct reftable_block *ret);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/block_test.c b/reftable/block_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4b3ea262dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/block_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "block.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static void test_block_read_write(void)
+{
+	const int header_off = 21; /* random */
+	char *names[30];
+	const int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names);
+	const int block_size = 1024;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	struct block_writer bw = {
+		.last_key = STRBUF_INIT,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	int j = 0;
+	struct strbuf want = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	block.data = reftable_calloc(block_size);
+	block.len = block_size;
+	block.source = malloc_block_source();
+	block_writer_init(&bw, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, block.data, block_size,
+			  header_off, hash_size(GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID));
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%02d", i);
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		n = block_writer_add(&bw, &rec);
+		ref.refname = NULL;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION;
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = block_writer_finish(&bw);
+	EXPECT(n > 0);
+
+	block_writer_release(&bw);
+
+	block_reader_init(&br, &block, header_off, block_size, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+
+	block_reader_start(&br, &it);
+
+	while (1) {
+		int r = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[j], ref.refname);
+		j++;
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	block_iter_close(&it);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct block_iter it = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+		strbuf_reset(&want);
+		strbuf_addstr(&want, names[i]);
+
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], ref.refname);
+
+		want.len--;
+		n = block_reader_seek(&br, &it, &want);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		n = block_iter_next(&it, &rec);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[10 * (i / 10)], ref.refname);
+
+		block_iter_close(&it);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_release(&rec);
+	reftable_block_done(&br.block);
+	strbuf_release(&want);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+int block_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_block_read_write);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 09d4b83ef9b..c9deeaf08c7 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
+	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (7 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (9 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The reftable format includes support for an (OID => ref) map. This map can speed
up visibility and reachability checks. In particular, various operations along
the fetch/push path within Gerrit have ben sped up by using this structure.

The map is constructed with help of a binary tree. Object IDs are hashes, so
they are uniformly distributed. Hence, the tree does not attempt forced
rebalancing.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |  4 ++-
 reftable/tree.c          | 63 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree.h          | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/tree_test.c     | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |  1 +
 5 files changed, 162 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/tree_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 153db9dff11..d8d4bb0143b 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2442,11 +2442,13 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
-REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst %$X,%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS)) $(patsubst %,t/helper/%,$(TEST_BUILTINS_OBJS))
 
diff --git a/reftable/tree.c b/reftable/tree.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..82db7995dd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert)
+{
+	int res;
+	if (*rootp == NULL) {
+		if (!insert) {
+			return NULL;
+		} else {
+			struct tree_node *n =
+				reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct tree_node));
+			n->key = key;
+			*rootp = n;
+			return *rootp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	res = compare(key, (*rootp)->key);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->left, compare, insert);
+	else if (res > 0)
+		return tree_search(key, &(*rootp)->right, compare, insert);
+	return *rootp;
+}
+
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg)
+{
+	if (t->left) {
+		infix_walk(t->left, action, arg);
+	}
+	action(arg, t->key);
+	if (t->right) {
+		infix_walk(t->right, action, arg);
+	}
+}
+
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t)
+{
+	if (t == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+	if (t->left) {
+		tree_free(t->left);
+	}
+	if (t->right) {
+		tree_free(t->right);
+	}
+	reftable_free(t);
+}
diff --git a/reftable/tree.h b/reftable/tree.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbdd002e23a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef TREE_H
+#define TREE_H
+
+/* tree_node is a generic binary search tree. */
+struct tree_node {
+	void *key;
+	struct tree_node *left, *right;
+};
+
+/* looks for `key` in `rootp` using `compare` as comparison function. If insert
+ * is set, insert the key if it's not found. Else, return NULL.
+ */
+struct tree_node *tree_search(void *key, struct tree_node **rootp,
+			      int (*compare)(const void *, const void *),
+			      int insert);
+
+/* performs an infix walk of the tree. */
+void infix_walk(struct tree_node *t, void (*action)(void *arg, void *key),
+		void *arg);
+
+/*
+ * deallocates the tree nodes recursively. Keys should be deallocated separately
+ * by walking over the tree. */
+void tree_free(struct tree_node *t);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/tree_test.c b/reftable/tree_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cbff1255886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/tree_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "tree.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+static int test_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return (char *)a - (char *)b;
+}
+
+struct curry {
+	void *last;
+};
+
+static void check_increasing(void *arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct curry *c = arg;
+	if (c->last) {
+		EXPECT(test_compare(c->last, key) < 0);
+	}
+	c->last = key;
+}
+
+static void test_tree(void)
+{
+	struct tree_node *root = NULL;
+
+	void *values[11] = { NULL };
+	struct tree_node *nodes[11] = { NULL };
+	int i = 1;
+	struct curry c = { NULL };
+	do {
+		nodes[i] = tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 1);
+		i = (i * 7) % 11;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nodes); i++) {
+		EXPECT(values + i == nodes[i]->key);
+		EXPECT(nodes[i] ==
+		       tree_search(values + i, &root, &test_compare, 0));
+	}
+
+	infix_walk(root, check_increasing, &c);
+	tree_free(root);
+}
+
+int tree_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_tree);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c9deeaf08c7..050551fa698 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 10/19] reftable: write reftable files
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (8 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (8 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   1 +
 reftable/reftable-writer.h | 148 ++++++++
 reftable/writer.c          | 690 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/writer.h          |  50 +++
 4 files changed, 889 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-writer.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/writer.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d8d4bb0143b..a7803690b94 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2443,6 +2443,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-writer.h b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af36462ced5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+#define REFTABLE_WRITER_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <unistd.h> /* ssize_t */
+
+/* Writing single reftables */
+
+/* reftable_write_options sets options for writing a single reftable. */
+struct reftable_write_options {
+	/* boolean: do not pad out blocks to block size. */
+	unsigned unpadded : 1;
+
+	/* the blocksize. Should be less than 2^24. */
+	uint32_t block_size;
+
+	/* boolean: do not generate a SHA1 => ref index. */
+	unsigned skip_index_objects : 1;
+
+	/* how often to write complete keys in each block. */
+	int restart_interval;
+
+	/* 4-byte identifier ("sha1", "s256") of the hash.
+	 * Defaults to SHA1 if unset
+	 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	/* boolean: do not check ref names for validity or dir/file conflicts.
+	 */
+	unsigned skip_name_check : 1;
+
+	/* boolean: copy log messages exactly. If unset, check that the message
+	 *   is a single line, and add '\n' if missing.
+	 */
+	unsigned exact_log_message : 1;
+};
+
+/* reftable_block_stats holds statistics for a single block type */
+struct reftable_block_stats {
+	/* total number of entries written */
+	int entries;
+	/* total number of key restarts */
+	int restarts;
+	/* total number of blocks */
+	int blocks;
+	/* total number of index blocks */
+	int index_blocks;
+	/* depth of the index */
+	int max_index_level;
+
+	/* offset of the first block for this type */
+	uint64_t offset;
+	/* offset of the top level index block for this type, or 0 if not
+	 * present */
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* stats holds overall statistics for a single reftable */
+struct reftable_stats {
+	/* total number of blocks written. */
+	int blocks;
+	/* stats for ref data */
+	struct reftable_block_stats ref_stats;
+	/* stats for the SHA1 to ref map. */
+	struct reftable_block_stats obj_stats;
+	/* stats for index blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats idx_stats;
+	/* stats for log blocks */
+	struct reftable_block_stats log_stats;
+
+	/* disambiguation length of shortened object IDs. */
+	int object_id_len;
+};
+
+/* reftable_new_writer creates a new writer */
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts);
+
+/* Set the range of update indices for the records we will add. When writing a
+   table into a stack, the min should be at least
+   reftable_stack_next_update_index(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned.
+
+   For transactional updates to a stack, typically min==max, and the
+   update_index can be obtained by inspeciting the stack. When converting an
+   existing ref database into a single reftable, this would be a range of
+   update-index timestamps.
+ */
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max);
+
+/*
+  Add a reftable_ref_record. The record should have names that come after
+  already added records.
+
+  The update_index must be within the limits set by
+  reftable_writer_set_limits(), or REFTABLE_API_ERROR is returned. It is an
+  REFTABLE_API_ERROR error to write a ref record after a log record.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_ref_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering the records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n);
+
+/*
+  adds reftable_log_records. Log records are keyed by (refname, decreasing
+  update_index). The key for the record added must come after the already added
+  log records.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/*
+  Convenience function to add multiple reftable_log_records; the function sorts
+  the records before adding them, reordering records array passed in.
+*/
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n);
+
+/* reftable_writer_close finalizes the reftable. The writer is retained so
+ * statistics can be inspected. */
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* writer_stats returns the statistics on the reftable being written.
+
+   This struct becomes invalid when the writer is freed.
+ */
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* reftable_writer_free deallocates memory for the writer */
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/writer.c b/reftable/writer.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3ca721e9f64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,690 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "writer.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+/* finishes a block, and writes it to storage */
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* deallocates memory related to the index */
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+/* finishes writing a 'r' (refs) or 'g' (reflogs) section */
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w);
+
+static struct reftable_block_stats *
+writer_reftable_block_stats(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case 'r':
+		return &w->stats.ref_stats;
+	case 'o':
+		return &w->stats.obj_stats;
+	case 'i':
+		return &w->stats.idx_stats;
+	case 'g':
+		return &w->stats.log_stats;
+	}
+	abort();
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* write data, queuing the padding for the next write. Returns negative for
+ * error. */
+static int padded_write(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *data, size_t len,
+			int padding)
+{
+	int n = 0;
+	if (w->pending_padding > 0) {
+		uint8_t *zeroed = reftable_calloc(w->pending_padding);
+		int n = w->write(w->write_arg, zeroed, w->pending_padding);
+		if (n < 0)
+			return n;
+
+		w->pending_padding = 0;
+		reftable_free(zeroed);
+	}
+
+	w->pending_padding = padding;
+	n = w->write(w->write_arg, data, len);
+	if (n < 0)
+		return n;
+	n += padding;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void options_set_defaults(struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	if (opts->restart_interval == 0) {
+		opts->restart_interval = 16;
+	}
+
+	if (opts->hash_id == 0) {
+		opts->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+	if (opts->block_size == 0) {
+		opts->block_size = DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	}
+}
+
+static int writer_version(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return (w->opts.hash_id == 0 || w->opts.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ?
+			     1 :
+			     2;
+}
+
+static int writer_write_header(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t *dest)
+{
+	memcpy(dest, "REFT", 4);
+
+	dest[4] = writer_version(w);
+
+	put_be24(dest + 5, w->opts.block_size);
+	put_be64(dest + 8, w->min_update_index);
+	put_be64(dest + 16, w->max_update_index);
+	if (writer_version(w) == 2) {
+		put_be32(dest + 24, w->opts.hash_id);
+	}
+	return header_size(writer_version(w));
+}
+
+static void writer_reinit_block_writer(struct reftable_writer *w, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	int block_start = 0;
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		block_start = header_size(writer_version(w));
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	block_writer_init(&w->block_writer_data, typ, w->block,
+			  w->opts.block_size, block_start,
+			  hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+	w->block_writer = &w->block_writer_data;
+	w->block_writer->restart_interval = w->opts.restart_interval;
+}
+
+static struct strbuf reftable_empty_strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+struct reftable_writer *
+reftable_new_writer(ssize_t (*writer_func)(void *, const void *, size_t),
+		    void *writer_arg, struct reftable_write_options *opts)
+{
+	struct reftable_writer *wp =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_writer));
+	strbuf_init(&wp->block_writer_data.last_key, 0);
+	options_set_defaults(opts);
+	if (opts->block_size >= (1 << 24)) {
+		/* TODO - error return? */
+		abort();
+	}
+	wp->last_key = reftable_empty_strbuf;
+	wp->block = reftable_calloc(opts->block_size);
+	wp->write = writer_func;
+	wp->write_arg = writer_arg;
+	wp->opts = *opts;
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(wp, BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+
+	return wp;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_set_limits(struct reftable_writer *w, uint64_t min,
+				uint64_t max)
+{
+	w->min_update_index = min;
+	w->max_update_index = max;
+}
+
+void reftable_writer_free(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	reftable_free(w->block);
+	reftable_free(w);
+}
+
+struct obj_index_tree_node {
+	struct strbuf hash;
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+	size_t offset_len;
+	size_t offset_cap;
+};
+
+#define OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT    \
+	{                           \
+		.hash = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int obj_index_tree_node_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	return strbuf_cmp(&((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)a)->hash,
+			  &((const struct obj_index_tree_node *)b)->hash);
+}
+
+static void writer_index_hash(struct reftable_writer *w, struct strbuf *hash)
+{
+	uint64_t off = w->next;
+
+	struct obj_index_tree_node want = { .hash = *hash };
+
+	struct tree_node *node = tree_search(&want, &w->obj_index_tree,
+					     &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 0);
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *key = NULL;
+	if (node == NULL) {
+		struct obj_index_tree_node empty = OBJ_INDEX_TREE_NODE_INIT;
+		key = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct obj_index_tree_node));
+		*key = empty;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&key->hash);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&key->hash, hash);
+		tree_search((void *)key, &w->obj_index_tree,
+			    &obj_index_tree_node_compare, 1);
+	} else {
+		key = node->key;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len > 0 && key->offsets[key->offset_len - 1] == off) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (key->offset_len == key->offset_cap) {
+		key->offset_cap = 2 * key->offset_cap + 1;
+		key->offsets = reftable_realloc(
+			key->offsets, sizeof(uint64_t) * key->offset_cap);
+	}
+
+	key->offsets[key->offset_len++] = off;
+}
+
+static int writer_add_record(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &key);
+	if (strbuf_cmp(&w->last_key, &key) >= 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_reset(&w->last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&w->last_key, &key);
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL) {
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	}
+
+	assert(block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == reftable_record_type(rec));
+
+	if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec) == 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, rec);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_ref(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record copy = *ref;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (ref->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+	if (ref->update_index < w->min_update_index ||
+	    ref->update_index > w->max_update_index)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &copy);
+	copy.update_index -= w->min_update_index;
+
+	err = writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val1(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, (char *)reftable_ref_record_val1(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+
+	if (!w->opts.skip_index_objects && reftable_ref_record_val2(ref)) {
+		struct strbuf h = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_add(&h, reftable_ref_record_val2(ref),
+			   hash_size(w->opts.hash_id));
+		writer_index_hash(w, &h);
+		strbuf_release(&h);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_refs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record *refs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(refs, n, reftable_ref_record_compare_name);
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(struct reftable_writer *w,
+					    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (w->block_writer &&
+	    block_writer_type(w->block_writer) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	w->next -= w->pending_padding;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return writer_add_record(w, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_log(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	char *input_log_message = NULL;
+	struct strbuf cleaned_message = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (log->value_type == REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION)
+		return reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+
+	if (log->refname == NULL)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	input_log_message = log->value.update.message;
+	if (!w->opts.exact_log_message && log->value.update.message) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, log->value.update.message);
+		while (cleaned_message.len &&
+		       cleaned_message.buf[cleaned_message.len - 1] == '\n')
+			strbuf_setlen(&cleaned_message,
+				      cleaned_message.len - 1);
+		if (strchr(cleaned_message.buf, '\n')) {
+			/* multiple lines not allowed. */
+			err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&cleaned_message, "\n");
+		log->value.update.message = cleaned_message.buf;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log_verbatim(w, log);
+	log->value.update.message = input_log_message;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&cleaned_message);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_add_logs(struct reftable_writer *w,
+			     struct reftable_log_record *logs, int n)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	QSORT(logs, n, reftable_log_record_compare_key);
+
+	for (i = 0; err == 0 && i < n; i++) {
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &logs[i]);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	uint64_t index_start = 0;
+	int max_level = 0;
+	int threshold = w->opts.unpadded ? 1 : 3;
+	int before_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks;
+	int err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats = NULL;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	while (w->index_len > threshold) {
+		struct reftable_index_record *idx = NULL;
+		int idx_len = 0;
+
+		max_level++;
+		index_start = w->next;
+		writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+		idx = w->index;
+		idx_len = w->index_len;
+
+		w->index = NULL;
+		w->index_len = 0;
+		w->index_cap = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+			reftable_record_from_index(&rec, idx + i);
+			if (block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec) == 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			err = writer_flush_block(w);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+
+			writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX);
+
+			err = block_writer_add(w->block_writer, &rec);
+			if (err != 0) {
+				/* write into fresh block should always succeed
+				 */
+				abort();
+			}
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < idx_len; i++) {
+			strbuf_release(&idx[i].last_key);
+		}
+		reftable_free(idx);
+	}
+
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+
+	err = writer_flush_block(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	bstats = writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	bstats->index_blocks = w->stats.idx_stats.blocks - before_blocks;
+	bstats->index_offset = index_start;
+	bstats->max_index_level = max_level;
+
+	/* Reinit lastKey, as the next section can start with any key. */
+	w->last_key.len = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct common_prefix_arg {
+	struct strbuf *last;
+	int max;
+};
+
+static void update_common(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct common_prefix_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	if (arg->last) {
+		int n = common_prefix_size(&entry->hash, arg->last);
+		if (n > arg->max) {
+			arg->max = n;
+		}
+	}
+	arg->last = &entry->hash;
+}
+
+struct write_record_arg {
+	struct reftable_writer *w;
+	int err;
+};
+
+static void write_object_record(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg *arg = void_arg;
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+	struct reftable_obj_record obj_rec = {
+		.hash_prefix = (uint8_t *)entry->hash.buf,
+		.hash_prefix_len = arg->w->stats.object_id_len,
+		.offsets = entry->offsets,
+		.offset_len = entry->offset_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&rec, &obj_rec);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	arg->err = writer_flush_block(arg->w);
+	if (arg->err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(arg->w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+	if (arg->err == 0)
+		goto done;
+	obj_rec.offset_len = 0;
+	arg->err = block_writer_add(arg->w->block_writer, &rec);
+
+	/* Should be able to write into a fresh block. */
+	assert(arg->err == 0);
+
+done:;
+}
+
+static void object_record_free(void *void_arg, void *key)
+{
+	struct obj_index_tree_node *entry = key;
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(entry->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&entry->hash);
+	reftable_free(entry);
+}
+
+static int writer_dump_object_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	struct write_record_arg closure = { .w = w };
+	struct common_prefix_arg common = { NULL };
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &update_common, &common);
+	}
+	w->stats.object_id_len = common.max + 1;
+
+	writer_reinit_block_writer(w, BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ);
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &write_object_record, &closure);
+	}
+
+	if (closure.err < 0)
+		return closure.err;
+	return writer_finish_section(w);
+}
+
+static int writer_finish_public_section(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	err = writer_finish_section(w);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF && !w->opts.skip_index_objects &&
+	    w->stats.ref_stats.index_blocks > 0) {
+		err = writer_dump_object_index(w);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (w->obj_index_tree) {
+		infix_walk(w->obj_index_tree, &object_record_free, NULL);
+		tree_free(w->obj_index_tree);
+		w->obj_index_tree = NULL;
+	}
+
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_writer_close(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t footer[72];
+	uint8_t *p = footer;
+	int err = writer_finish_public_section(w);
+	int empty_table = w->next == 0;
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+	w->pending_padding = 0;
+	if (empty_table) {
+		/* Empty tables need a header anyway. */
+		uint8_t header[28];
+		int n = writer_write_header(w, header);
+		err = padded_write(w, header, n, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	p += writer_write_header(w, footer);
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.ref_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, (w->stats.obj_stats.offset) << 5 | w->stats.object_id_len);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.obj_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.offset);
+	p += 8;
+	put_be64(p, w->stats.log_stats.index_offset);
+	p += 8;
+
+	put_be32(p, crc32(0, footer, p - footer));
+	p += 4;
+
+	err = padded_write(w, footer, footer_size(writer_version(w)), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (empty_table) {
+		err = REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	/* free up memory. */
+	block_writer_release(&w->block_writer_data);
+	writer_clear_index(w);
+	strbuf_release(&w->last_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void writer_clear_index(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < w->index_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&w->index[i].last_key);
+	}
+
+	FREE_AND_NULL(w->index);
+	w->index_len = 0;
+	w->index_cap = 0;
+}
+
+static const int debug = 0;
+
+static int writer_flush_nonempty_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = block_writer_type(w->block_writer);
+	struct reftable_block_stats *bstats =
+		writer_reftable_block_stats(w, typ);
+	uint64_t block_typ_off = (bstats->blocks == 0) ? w->next : 0;
+	int raw_bytes = block_writer_finish(w->block_writer);
+	int padding = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_index_record ir = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	if (raw_bytes < 0)
+		return raw_bytes;
+
+	if (!w->opts.unpadded && typ != BLOCK_TYPE_LOG) {
+		padding = w->opts.block_size - raw_bytes;
+	}
+
+	if (block_typ_off > 0) {
+		bstats->offset = block_typ_off;
+	}
+
+	bstats->entries += w->block_writer->entries;
+	bstats->restarts += w->block_writer->restart_len;
+	bstats->blocks++;
+	w->stats.blocks++;
+
+	if (debug) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "block %c off %" PRIu64 " sz %d (%d)\n", typ,
+			w->next, raw_bytes,
+			get_be24(w->block + w->block_writer->header_off + 1));
+	}
+
+	if (w->next == 0) {
+		writer_write_header(w, w->block);
+	}
+
+	err = padded_write(w, w->block, raw_bytes, padding);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (w->index_cap == w->index_len) {
+		w->index_cap = 2 * w->index_cap + 1;
+		w->index = reftable_realloc(
+			w->index,
+			sizeof(struct reftable_index_record) * w->index_cap);
+	}
+
+	ir.offset = w->next;
+	strbuf_reset(&ir.last_key);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&ir.last_key, &w->block_writer->last_key);
+	w->index[w->index_len] = ir;
+
+	w->index_len++;
+	w->next += padding + raw_bytes;
+	w->block_writer = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int writer_flush_block(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	if (w->block_writer == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	if (w->block_writer->entries == 0)
+		return 0;
+	return writer_flush_nonempty_block(w);
+}
+
+const struct reftable_stats *writer_stats(struct reftable_writer *w)
+{
+	return &w->stats;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/writer.h b/reftable/writer.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09b88673d97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/writer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef WRITER_H
+#define WRITER_H
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+struct reftable_writer {
+	ssize_t (*write)(void *, const void *, size_t);
+	void *write_arg;
+	int pending_padding;
+	struct strbuf last_key;
+
+	/* offset of next block to write. */
+	uint64_t next;
+	uint64_t min_update_index, max_update_index;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts;
+
+	/* memory buffer for writing */
+	uint8_t *block;
+
+	/* writer for the current section. NULL or points to
+	 * block_writer_data */
+	struct block_writer *block_writer;
+
+	struct block_writer block_writer_data;
+
+	/* pending index records for the current section */
+	struct reftable_index_record *index;
+	size_t index_len;
+	size_t index_cap;
+
+	/*
+	 * tree for use with tsearch; used to populate the 'o' inverse OID
+	 * map */
+	struct tree_node *obj_index_tree;
+
+	struct reftable_stats stats;
+};
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (9 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (7 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                     |   3 +
 reftable/generic.c           | 169 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/generic.h           |  32 +++++++
 reftable/reftable-generic.h  |  47 ++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-iterator.h |  39 ++++++++
 reftable/reftable.c          | 115 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 405 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-generic.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-iterator.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index a7803690b94..abf1faf778a 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2442,6 +2442,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/stack.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/tree.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/generic.c b/reftable/generic.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7a8a738d860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = ~((uint64_t)0),
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab) {
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	uint32_t hash_id = reftable_table_hash_id(tab);
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_ref_record_print(&ref, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_table_seek_log(tab, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_log_record_print(&log, hash_id);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/generic.h b/reftable/generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98886a06402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef GENERIC_H
+#define GENERIC_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* generic interface to reftables */
+struct reftable_table_vtable {
+	int (*seek_record)(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			   struct reftable_record *);
+	uint32_t (*hash_id)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*min_update_index)(void *tab);
+	uint64_t (*max_update_index)(void *tab);
+};
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable {
+	int (*next)(void *iter_arg, struct reftable_record *rec);
+	void (*close)(void *iter_arg);
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-generic.h b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d239751a778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-generic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+#define REFTABLE_GENERIC_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct reftable_table_vtable;
+
+/*
+ * Provides a unified API for reading tables, either merged tables, or single
+ * readers. */
+struct reftable_table {
+	struct reftable_table_vtable *ops;
+	void *table_arg;
+};
+
+int reftable_table_seek_log(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID from a generic reftable_table */
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this table. */
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0
+   for success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* dump table contents onto stdout for debugging */
+int reftable_table_print(struct reftable_table *tab);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-iterator.h b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3eee7af357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-iterator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+#define REFTABLE_ITERATOR_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+
+struct reftable_iterator_vtable;
+
+/* iterator is the generic interface for walking over data stored in a
+ * reftable.
+ */
+struct reftable_iterator {
+	struct reftable_iterator_vtable *ops;
+	void *iter_arg;
+};
+
+/* reads the next reftable_ref_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* reads the next reftable_log_record. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for OK and > 0:
+ * end of iteration.
+ */
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* releases resources associated with an iterator. */
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable.c b/reftable/reftable.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e4607a7cd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+int reftable_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_table *tab,
+			    struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_table_read_ref(struct reftable_table *tab, const char *name,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_table_seek_ref(tab, &it, name);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(ref->refname, name) ||
+	    reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(ref)) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->max_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->min_update_index(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_table_hash_id(struct reftable_table *tab)
+{
+	return tab->ops->hash_id(tab->table_arg);
+}
+
+void reftable_iterator_destroy(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	if (!it->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+	it->ops->close(it->iter_arg);
+	it->ops = NULL;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(it->iter_arg);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_ref(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, ref);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_iterator_next_log(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, log);
+	return iterator_next(it, &rec);
+}
+
+int iterator_next(struct reftable_iterator *it, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return it->ops->next(it->iter_arg, rec);
+}
+
+static int empty_iterator_next(void *arg, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void empty_iterator_close(void *arg)
+{
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable empty_vtable = {
+	.next = &empty_iterator_next,
+	.close = &empty_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_set_empty(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = NULL;
+	it->ops = &empty_vtable;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 12/19] reftable: read reftable files
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (10 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (6 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This supports reading a single reftable file.

The commit introduces an abstract iterator type, which captures the usecases
both of reading individual refs, and iterating over a segment of the ref
namespace.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/iter.c            | 194 +++++++++
 reftable/iter.h            |  69 ++++
 reftable/reader.c          | 801 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reader.h          |  64 +++
 reftable/reftable-reader.h | 101 +++++
 6 files changed, 1231 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/iter.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reader.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-reader.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index abf1faf778a..f6b344cd8ac 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2440,7 +2440,9 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/basics.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/error.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/generic.o
diff --git a/reftable/iter.c b/reftable/iter.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93d04f735b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.c
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "iter.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it)
+{
+	return !it->ops;
+}
+
+static void filtering_ref_iterator_close(void *iter_arg)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	strbuf_release(&fri->oid);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&fri->it);
+}
+
+static int filtering_ref_iterator_next(void *iter_arg,
+				       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri = iter_arg;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+	int err = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&fri->it, ref);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (fri->double_check) {
+			struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+			err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&fri->tab, &it,
+						      ref->refname);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, ref);
+			}
+
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+			if (err < 0) {
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (err > 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL2 &&
+		    (!memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			     fri->oid.len) ||
+		     !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value,
+			     fri->oid.len)))
+			return 0;
+
+		if (ref->value_type == REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 &&
+		    !memcmp(fri->oid.buf, ref->value.val1, fri->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable filtering_ref_iterator_vtable = {
+	.next = &filtering_ref_iterator_next,
+	.close = &filtering_ref_iterator_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *fri)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = fri;
+	it->ops = &filtering_ref_iterator_vtable;
+}
+
+static void indexed_table_ref_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	block_iter_close(&it->cur);
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+	reftable_free(it->offsets);
+	strbuf_release(&it->oid);
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it)
+{
+	uint64_t off;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (it->offset_idx == it->offset_len) {
+		it->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	reftable_block_done(&it->block_reader.block);
+
+	off = it->offsets[it->offset_idx++];
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(it->r, &it->block_reader, off,
+				       BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (err > 0) {
+		/* indexed block does not exist. */
+		return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+	}
+	block_reader_start(&it->block_reader, &it->cur);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int indexed_table_ref_iter_next(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *it = p;
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = rec->data;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int err = block_iter_next(&it->cur, rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(it);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				return err;
+			}
+
+			if (it->is_finished) {
+				return 1;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* BUG */
+		if (!memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.target_value,
+			    it->oid.len) ||
+		    !memcmp(it->oid.buf, ref->value.val2.value, it->oid.len)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len)
+{
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter empty = INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct indexed_table_ref_iter));
+	int err = 0;
+
+	*itr = empty;
+	itr->r = r;
+	strbuf_add(&itr->oid, oid, oid_len);
+
+	itr->offsets = offsets;
+	itr->offset_len = offset_len;
+
+	err = indexed_table_ref_iter_next_block(itr);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(itr);
+	} else {
+		*dest = itr;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &indexed_table_ref_iter_next,
+	.close = &indexed_table_ref_iter_close,
+};
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = itr;
+	it->ops = &indexed_table_ref_iter_vtable;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/iter.h b/reftable/iter.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09eb0cbfa59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/iter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef ITER_H
+#define ITER_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+/* Returns true for a zeroed out iterator, such as the one returned from
+ * iterator_destroy. */
+int iterator_is_null(struct reftable_iterator *it);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid` */
+struct filtering_ref_iterator {
+	int double_check;
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+	struct reftable_iterator it;
+};
+#define FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT \
+	{                           \
+		.oid = STRBUF_INIT  \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(struct reftable_iterator *,
+					  struct filtering_ref_iterator *);
+
+/* iterator that produces only ref records that point to `oid`,
+ * but using the object index.
+ */
+struct indexed_table_ref_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	struct strbuf oid;
+
+	/* mutable */
+	uint64_t *offsets;
+
+	/* Points to the next offset to read. */
+	int offset_idx;
+	int offset_len;
+	struct block_reader block_reader;
+	struct block_iter cur;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+
+#define INDEXED_TABLE_REF_ITER_INIT                                     \
+	{                                                               \
+		.cur = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT }, .oid = STRBUF_INIT, \
+	}
+
+void iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					  struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr);
+
+/* Takes ownership of `offsets` */
+int new_indexed_table_ref_iter(struct indexed_table_ref_iter **dest,
+			       struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *oid,
+			       int oid_len, uint64_t *offsets, int offset_len);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reader.c b/reftable/reader.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..006709a645a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.c
@@ -0,0 +1,801 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "reader.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	return source->ops->size(source->arg);
+}
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size)
+{
+	int result = source->ops->read_block(source->arg, dest, off, size);
+	dest->source = *source;
+	return result;
+}
+
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source)
+{
+	if (!source->ops) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	source->ops->close(source->arg);
+	source->ops = NULL;
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader_offsets *
+reader_offsets_for(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t typ)
+{
+	switch (typ) {
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_REF:
+		return &r->ref_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_LOG:
+		return &r->log_offsets;
+	case BLOCK_TYPE_OBJ:
+		return &r->obj_offsets;
+	}
+	abort();
+}
+
+static int reader_get_block(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t sz)
+{
+	if (off >= r->size)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (off + sz > r->size) {
+		sz = r->size - off;
+	}
+
+	return block_source_read_block(&r->source, dest, off, sz);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->hash_id;
+}
+
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->name;
+}
+
+static int parse_footer(struct reftable_reader *r, uint8_t *footer,
+			uint8_t *header)
+{
+	uint8_t *f = footer;
+	uint8_t first_block_typ;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t computed_crc;
+	uint32_t file_crc;
+
+	if (memcmp(f, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	f += 4;
+
+	if (memcmp(footer, header, header_size(r->version))) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	f++;
+	r->block_size = get_be24(f);
+
+	f += 3;
+	r->min_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->max_update_index = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	if (r->version == 1) {
+		r->hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	} else {
+		r->hash_id = get_be32(f);
+		switch (r->hash_id) {
+		case GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		case GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID:
+			break;
+		default:
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		f += 4;
+	}
+
+	r->ref_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	r->object_id_len = r->obj_offsets.offset & ((1 << 5) - 1);
+	r->obj_offsets.offset >>= 5;
+
+	r->obj_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+	r->log_offsets.index_offset = get_be64(f);
+	f += 8;
+
+	computed_crc = crc32(0, footer, f - footer);
+	file_crc = get_be32(f);
+	f += 4;
+	if (computed_crc != file_crc) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	first_block_typ = header[header_size(r->version)];
+	r->ref_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+	r->ref_offsets.offset = 0;
+	r->log_offsets.is_present = (first_block_typ == BLOCK_TYPE_LOG ||
+				     r->log_offsets.offset > 0);
+	r->obj_offsets.is_present = r->obj_offsets.offset > 0;
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	return err;
+}
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_block footer = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block header = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t file_size = block_source_size(source);
+
+	/* Need +1 to read type of first block. */
+	uint32_t read_size = header_size(2) + 1; /* read v2 because it's larger.  */
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+
+	if (read_size > file_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &header, 0, read_size);
+	if (err != read_size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	if (memcmp(header.data, "REFT", 4)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	r->version = header.data[4];
+	if (r->version != 1 && r->version != 2) {
+		err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	r->size = file_size - footer_size(r->version);
+	r->source = *source;
+	r->name = xstrdup(name);
+	r->hash_id = 0;
+
+	err = block_source_read_block(source, &footer, r->size,
+				      footer_size(r->version));
+	if (err != footer_size(r->version)) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = parse_footer(r, footer.data, header.data);
+done:
+	reftable_block_done(&footer);
+	reftable_block_done(&header);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct table_iter {
+	struct reftable_reader *r;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	uint64_t block_off;
+	struct block_iter bi;
+	int is_finished;
+};
+#define TABLE_ITER_INIT                          \
+	{                                        \
+		.bi = {.last_key = STRBUF_INIT } \
+	}
+
+static void table_iter_copy_from(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = src->block_off;
+	dest->is_finished = src->is_finished;
+	block_iter_copy_from(&dest->bi, &src->bi);
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_in_block(struct table_iter *ti,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	int res = block_iter_next(&ti->bi, rec);
+	if (res == 0 && reftable_record_type(rec) == BLOCK_TYPE_REF) {
+		((struct reftable_ref_record *)rec->data)->update_index +=
+			ti->r->min_update_index;
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void table_iter_block_done(struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	if (!ti->bi.br) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_block_done(&ti->bi.br->block);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(ti->bi.br);
+
+	ti->bi.last_key.len = 0;
+	ti->bi.next_off = 0;
+}
+
+static int32_t extract_block_size(uint8_t *data, uint8_t *typ, uint64_t off,
+				  int version)
+{
+	int32_t result = 0;
+
+	if (off == 0) {
+		data += header_size(version);
+	}
+
+	*typ = data[0];
+	if (reftable_is_block_type(*typ)) {
+		result = get_be24(data + 1);
+	}
+	return result;
+}
+
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ)
+{
+	int32_t guess_block_size = r->block_size ? r->block_size :
+							 DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	struct reftable_block block = { NULL };
+	uint8_t block_typ = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	uint32_t header_off = next_off ? 0 : header_size(r->version);
+	int32_t block_size = 0;
+
+	if (next_off >= r->size)
+		return 1;
+
+	err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, guess_block_size);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	block_size = extract_block_size(block.data, &block_typ, next_off,
+					r->version);
+	if (block_size < 0)
+		return block_size;
+
+	if (want_typ != BLOCK_TYPE_ANY && block_typ != want_typ) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (block_size > guess_block_size) {
+		reftable_block_done(&block);
+		err = reader_get_block(r, &block, next_off, block_size);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return block_reader_init(br, &block, header_off, r->block_size,
+				 hash_size(r->hash_id));
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_block(struct table_iter *dest,
+				 struct table_iter *src)
+{
+	uint64_t next_block_off = src->block_off + src->bi.br->full_block_size;
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	dest->r = src->r;
+	dest->typ = src->typ;
+	dest->block_off = next_block_off;
+
+	err = reader_init_block_reader(src->r, &br, next_block_off, src->typ);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		dest->is_finished = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct block_reader *brp =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+		*brp = br;
+
+		dest->is_finished = 0;
+		block_reader_start(brp, &dest->bi);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next(struct table_iter *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	if (reftable_record_type(rec) != ti->typ)
+		return REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		int err = 0;
+		if (ti->is_finished) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_in_block(ti, rec);
+		if (err <= 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			ti->is_finished = 1;
+		}
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		if (err != 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+		block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	}
+}
+
+static int table_iter_next_void(void *ti, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return table_iter_next(ti, rec);
+}
+
+static void table_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct table_iter *ti = p;
+	table_iter_block_done(ti);
+	block_iter_close(&ti->bi);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable table_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &table_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &table_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_table_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct table_iter *ti)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = ti;
+	it->ops = &table_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+static int reader_table_iter_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct table_iter *ti, uint64_t off,
+				uint8_t typ)
+{
+	struct block_reader br = { 0 };
+	struct block_reader *brp = NULL;
+
+	int err = reader_init_block_reader(r, &br, off, typ);
+	if (err != 0)
+		return err;
+
+	brp = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct block_reader));
+	*brp = br;
+	ti->r = r;
+	ti->typ = block_reader_type(brp);
+	ti->block_off = off;
+	block_reader_start(brp, &ti->bi);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reader_start(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			uint8_t typ, int index)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	uint64_t off = offs->offset;
+	if (index) {
+		off = offs->index_offset;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		typ = BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX;
+	}
+
+	return reader_table_iter_at(r, ti, off, typ);
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_linear(struct reftable_reader *r, struct table_iter *ti,
+			      struct reftable_record *want)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec =
+		reftable_new_record(reftable_record_type(want));
+	struct strbuf want_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf got_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = -1;
+
+	reftable_record_key(want, &want_key);
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next_block(&next, ti);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = block_reader_first_key(next.bi.br, &got_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (strbuf_cmp(&got_key, &want_key) > 0) {
+			table_iter_block_done(&next);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_block_done(ti);
+		table_iter_copy_from(ti, &next);
+	}
+
+	err = block_iter_seek(&ti->bi, &want_key);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = 0;
+
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+	strbuf_release(&want_key);
+	strbuf_release(&got_key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			       struct reftable_iterator *it,
+			       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_index_record want_index = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record want_index_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_index_record index_result = { .last_key = STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_record index_result_rec = { NULL };
+	struct table_iter index_iter = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter next = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	reftable_record_key(rec, &want_index.last_key);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&want_index_rec, &want_index);
+	reftable_record_from_index(&index_result_rec, &index_result);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &index_iter, reftable_record_type(rec), 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &index_iter, &want_index_rec);
+	while (1) {
+		err = table_iter_next(&index_iter, &index_result_rec);
+		table_iter_block_done(&index_iter);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = reader_table_iter_at(r, &next, index_result.offset, 0);
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		err = block_iter_seek(&next.bi, &want_index.last_key);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (next.typ == reftable_record_type(rec)) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (next.typ != BLOCK_TYPE_INDEX) {
+			err = REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		table_iter_copy_from(&index_iter, &next);
+	}
+
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct table_iter empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+		struct table_iter *malloced =
+			reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*malloced = empty;
+		table_iter_copy_from(malloced, &next);
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, malloced);
+	}
+done:
+	block_iter_close(&next.bi);
+	table_iter_close(&index_iter);
+	reftable_record_release(&want_index_rec);
+	reftable_record_release(&index_result_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek_internal(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs =
+		reader_offsets_for(r, reftable_record_type(rec));
+	uint64_t idx = offs->index_offset;
+	struct table_iter ti = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (idx > 0)
+		return reader_seek_indexed(r, it, rec);
+
+	err = reader_start(r, &ti, reftable_record_type(rec), 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = reader_seek_linear(r, &ti, rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	else {
+		struct table_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+		*p = ti;
+		iterator_from_table_iter(it, p);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int reader_seek(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+		       struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	uint8_t typ = reftable_record_type(rec);
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets *offs = reader_offsets_for(r, typ);
+	if (!offs->is_present) {
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return reader_seek_internal(r, it, rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return reader_seek(r, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_reader_seek_log_at(r, it, name, max);
+}
+
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	block_source_close(&r->source);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(r->name);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **p,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, char const *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader *rd =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader));
+	int err = init_reader(rd, src, name);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		*p = rd;
+	} else {
+		block_source_close(src);
+		reftable_free(rd);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	reader_close(r);
+	reftable_free(r);
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					    uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct reftable_obj_record want = {
+		.hash_prefix = oid,
+		.hash_prefix_len = r->object_id_len,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record want_rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator oit = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_obj_record got = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_record got_rec = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	struct indexed_table_ref_iter *itr = NULL;
+
+	/* Look through the reverse index. */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&want_rec, &want);
+	err = reader_seek(r, &oit, &want_rec);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	/* read out the reftable_obj_record */
+	reftable_record_from_obj(&got_rec, &got);
+	err = iterator_next(&oit, &got_rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 0 ||
+	    memcmp(want.hash_prefix, got.hash_prefix, r->object_id_len)) {
+		/* didn't find it; return empty iterator */
+		iterator_set_empty(it);
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = new_indexed_table_ref_iter(&itr, r, oid, hash_size(r->hash_id),
+					 got.offsets, got.offset_len);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	got.offsets = NULL;
+	iterator_from_indexed_table_ref_iter(it, itr);
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&oit);
+	reftable_record_release(&got_rec);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(struct reftable_reader *r,
+					      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					      uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	struct table_iter ti_empty = TABLE_ITER_INIT;
+	struct table_iter *ti = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct table_iter));
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator *filter = NULL;
+	struct filtering_ref_iterator empty = FILTERING_REF_ITERATOR_INIT;
+	int oid_len = hash_size(r->hash_id);
+	int err;
+
+	*ti = ti_empty;
+	err = reader_start(r, ti, BLOCK_TYPE_REF, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(ti);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	filter = reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct filtering_ref_iterator));
+	*filter = empty;
+
+	strbuf_add(&filter->oid, oid, oid_len);
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&filter->tab, r);
+	filter->double_check = 0;
+	iterator_from_table_iter(&filter->it, ti);
+
+	iterator_from_filtering_ref_iterator(it, filter);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid)
+{
+	if (r->obj_offsets.is_present)
+		return reftable_reader_refs_for_indexed(r, it, oid);
+	return reftable_reader_refs_for_unindexed(r, it, oid);
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->max_update_index;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r)
+{
+	return r->min_update_index;
+}
+
+/* generic table interface. */
+
+static int reftable_reader_seek_void(void *tab, struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				     struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return reader_seek(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_reader_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable reader_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_reader_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_reader_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_reader_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &reader_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = reader;
+}
+
+
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename)
+{
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, tablename);
+	struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, tablename);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, r);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&tab);
+done:
+	reftable_reader_free(r);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reader.h b/reftable/reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e869165f234
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef READER_H
+#define READER_H
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+
+uint64_t block_source_size(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+int block_source_read_block(struct reftable_block_source *source,
+			    struct reftable_block *dest, uint64_t off,
+			    uint32_t size);
+void block_source_close(struct reftable_block_source *source);
+
+/* metadata for a block type */
+struct reftable_reader_offsets {
+	int is_present;
+	uint64_t offset;
+	uint64_t index_offset;
+};
+
+/* The state for reading a reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader {
+	/* for convience, associate a name with the instance. */
+	char *name;
+	struct reftable_block_source source;
+
+	/* Size of the file, excluding the footer. */
+	uint64_t size;
+
+	/* 'sha1' for SHA1, 's256' for SHA-256 */
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	uint32_t block_size;
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+	uint64_t max_update_index;
+	/* Length of the OID keys in the 'o' section */
+	int object_id_len;
+	int version;
+
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets ref_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets obj_offsets;
+	struct reftable_reader_offsets log_offsets;
+};
+
+int init_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct reftable_block_source *source,
+		const char *name);
+void reader_close(struct reftable_reader *r);
+const char *reader_name(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* initialize a block reader to read from `r` */
+int reader_init_block_reader(struct reftable_reader *r, struct block_reader *br,
+			     uint64_t next_off, uint8_t want_typ);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-reader.h b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4a4bc2fdf85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-reader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_READER_H
+#define REFTABLE_READER_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+
+/*
+ * Reading single tables
+ *
+ * The follow routines are for reading single files. For an
+ * application-level interface, skip ahead to struct
+ * reftable_merged_table and struct reftable_stack.
+ */
+
+/* The reader struct is a handle to an open reftable file. */
+struct reftable_reader;
+
+/* Generic table. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_reader opens a reftable for reading. If successful,
+ * returns 0 code and sets pp. The name is used for creating a
+ * stack. Typically, it is the basename of the file. The block source
+ * `src` is owned by the reader, and is closed on calling
+ * reftable_reader_destroy(). On error, the block source `src` is
+ * closed as well.
+ */
+int reftable_new_reader(struct reftable_reader **pp,
+			struct reftable_block_source *src, const char *name);
+
+/* reftable_reader_seek_ref returns an iterator where 'name' would be inserted
+   in the table.  To seek to the start of the table, use name = "".
+
+   example:
+
+   struct reftable_reader *r = NULL;
+   int err = reftable_new_reader(&r, &src, "filename");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_iterator it  = {0};
+   err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(r, &it, "refs/heads/master");
+   if (err < 0) { ... }
+   struct reftable_ref_record ref  = {0};
+   while (1) {
+   err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+   if (err > 0) {
+   break;
+   }
+   if (err < 0) {
+   ..error handling..
+   }
+   ..found..
+   }
+   reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+   reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_ref(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* returns the hash ID used in this table. */
+uint32_t reftable_reader_hash_id(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* seek to logs for the given name, older than update_index. To seek to the
+   start of the table, use name = "".
+*/
+int reftable_reader_seek_log_at(struct reftable_reader *r,
+				struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name,
+				uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* seek to newest log entry for given name. */
+int reftable_reader_seek_log(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, const char *name);
+
+/* closes and deallocates a reader. */
+void reftable_reader_free(struct reftable_reader *);
+
+/* return an iterator for the refs pointing to `oid`. */
+int reftable_reader_refs_for(struct reftable_reader *r,
+			     struct reftable_iterator *it, uint8_t *oid);
+
+/* return the max_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_max_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* return the min_update_index for a table */
+uint64_t reftable_reader_min_update_index(struct reftable_reader *r);
+
+/* creates a generic table from a file reader. */
+void reftable_table_from_reader(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				struct reftable_reader *reader);
+
+/* print table onto stdout for debugging. */
+int reftable_reader_print_file(const char *tablename);
+
+#endif
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (11 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (5 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

With support for reading and writing files in place, we can construct files (in
memory) and attempt to read them back.

Because some sections of the format are optional (eg. indices, log entries), we
have to exercise this code using multiple sizes of input data

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   1 +
 reftable/readwrite_test.c | 652 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   2 +-
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 4 files changed, 655 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 reftable/readwrite_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index f6b344cd8ac..65d3856aaea 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2453,6 +2453,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/readwrite_test.c b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f6bcc2f775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/readwrite_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,652 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static const int update_index = 5;
+
+static void test_buffer(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block out = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	uint8_t in[] = "hello";
+	strbuf_add(&buf, in, sizeof(in));
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	EXPECT(block_source_size(&source) == 6);
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 0, sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(n == sizeof(in));
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(in, out.data, n));
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+
+	n = block_source_read_block(&source, &out, 1, 2);
+	EXPECT(n == 2);
+	EXPECT(!memcmp(out.data, "el", 2));
+
+	reftable_block_done(&out);
+	block_source_close(&source);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void write_table(char ***names, struct strbuf *buf, int N,
+			int block_size, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = block_size,
+		.hash_id = hash_id,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0, n;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	*names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = update_index;
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		ref.value.val1 = hash;
+		(*names)[i] = xstrdup(name);
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA256_RAWSZ] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		int n;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash, i);
+
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "refs/heads/branch%02d", i);
+
+		log.refname = name;
+		log.update_index = update_index;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash;
+		log.value.update.message = "message";
+
+		n = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	for (i = 0; i < stats->ref_stats.blocks; i++) {
+		int off = i * opts.block_size;
+		if (off == 0) {
+			off = header_size(
+				(hash_id == GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID) ? 2 : 1);
+		}
+		EXPECT(buf->buf[off] == 'r');
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static void test_log_buffer_size(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 4096,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record
+		log = { .refname = "refs/heads/master",
+			.update_index = 0xa,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value = { .update = {
+					   .name = "Han-Wen Nienhuys",
+					   .email = "hanwen@google.com",
+					   .tz_offset = 100,
+					   .time = 0x5e430672,
+					   .message = "commit: 9\n",
+				   } } };
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	/* This tests buffer extension for log compression. Must use a random
+	   hash, to ensure that the compressed part is larger than the original.
+	*/
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+	for (i = 0; i < GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ; i++) {
+		hash1[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+		hash2[i] = (uint8_t)(rand() % 256);
+	}
+	log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+	log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_log_write_read(void)
+{
+	int N = 2;
+	char **names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	int n;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	const struct reftable_stats *stats = NULL;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 0, N);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[256];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "b%02d%0*d", i, 130, 7);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+		ref.refname = name;
+		ref.update_index = i;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ], hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, i + 1);
+
+		log.refname = names[i];
+		log.update_index = i;
+		log.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		log.value.update.old_hash = hash1;
+		log.value.update.new_hash = hash2;
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &log);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	stats = writer_stats(w);
+	EXPECT(stats->log_stats.blocks > 0);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[N - 1]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* end of iteration. */
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT(0 < err);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_log(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT_STREQ(names[i], log.refname);
+		EXPECT(i == log.update_index);
+		i++;
+		reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(i == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	/* cleanup. */
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_sequential(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int r = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(r >= 0);
+		if (r > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[j], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(update_index == ref.update_index);
+
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == N);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_write_small_table(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 1;
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 4096, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(buf.len < 200);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_api(void)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek(int index, int hash_id)
+{
+	char **names;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int N = 50;
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct strbuf pastLast = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+	write_table(&names, &buf, N, 256, hash_id);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(hash_id == reftable_reader_hash_id(&rd));
+
+	if (!index) {
+		rd.ref_offsets.index_offset = 0;
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(rd.ref_offsets.index_offset > 0);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, names[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[i], ref.refname));
+		EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_VAL1 == ref.value_type);
+		EXPECT(i == ref.value.val1[0]);
+
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, names[N - 1]);
+	strbuf_addstr(&pastLast, "/");
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, pastLast.buf);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	} else {
+		EXPECT(err > 0);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&pastLast);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(names);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(0, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_read_write_seek_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_read_write_seek(1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for(int indexed)
+{
+	int N = 50;
+	char **want_names = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (N + 1));
+	int want_names_len = 0;
+	uint8_t want_hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int i = 0;
+	int n;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_reader rd;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int j;
+
+	set_test_hash(want_hash, 4);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		uint8_t hash[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		char fill[51] = { 0 };
+		char name[100];
+		uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+
+		memset(hash, i, sizeof(hash));
+		memset(fill, 'x', 50);
+		/* Put the variable part in the start */
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "br%02d%s", i, fill);
+		name[40] = 0;
+		ref.refname = name;
+
+		set_test_hash(hash1, i / 4);
+		set_test_hash(hash2, 3 + i / 4);
+		ref.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL2;
+		ref.value.val2.value = hash1;
+		ref.value.val2.target_value = hash2;
+
+		/* 80 bytes / entry, so 3 entries per block. Yields 17
+		 */
+		/* blocks. */
+		n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &ref);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+		if (!memcmp(hash1, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ) ||
+		    !memcmp(hash2, want_hash, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ)) {
+			want_names[want_names_len++] = xstrdup(name);
+		}
+	}
+
+	n = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(n == 0);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	w = NULL;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.ref");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	if (!indexed) {
+		rd.obj_offsets.is_present = 0;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(&rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_refs_for(&rd, &it, want_hash);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	j = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err >= 0);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		EXPECT(j < want_names_len);
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(ref.refname, want_names[j]));
+		j++;
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	}
+	EXPECT(j == want_names_len);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free_names(want_names);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reader_close(&rd);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_no_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(0);
+}
+
+static void test_table_refs_for_obj_index(void)
+{
+	test_table_refs_for(1);
+}
+
+static void test_write_empty_table(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	EXPECT(buf.len == header_size(1) + footer_size(1));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &rec);
+	EXPECT(err > 0);
+
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_write_key_order(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}, {
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value = {
+				.symref = "target",
+			},
+		}
+	};
+	int err;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[1]);
+	printf("%d\n", err);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_writer_close(w);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table_empty(void)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+}
+
+static void test_corrupt_table(void)
+{
+	uint8_t zeros[1024] = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader rd = { NULL };
+	int err;
+	strbuf_add(&buf, zeros, sizeof(zeros));
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = init_reader(&rd, &source, "file.log");
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_corrupt_table_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_write_read);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_key_order);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear_sha256);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log_buffer_size);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_write_small_table);
+	RUN_TEST(test_buffer);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_sequential);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_linear);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_read_write_seek_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_no_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_table_refs_for_obj_index);
+	RUN_TEST(test_write_empty_table);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 5e7698ae654..3d541fa5c0c 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
-int reftable_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int stack_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int tree_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 050551fa698..898aba836fd 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (12 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (4 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This is needed to create a merged view multiple reftables

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |   2 +
 reftable/pq.c             | 105 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/pq.h             |  33 ++++++++++++
 reftable/pq_test.c        |  82 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-tests.h |   1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |   1 +
 6 files changed, 224 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/pq_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 65d3856aaea..cdfde13b584 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2442,6 +2442,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/refname.o
@@ -2452,6 +2453,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
diff --git a/reftable/pq.c b/reftable/pq.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..efc474017a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "system.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+
+int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b)
+{
+	struct strbuf ak = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf bk = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int cmp = 0;
+	reftable_record_key(&a->rec, &ak);
+	reftable_record_key(&b->rec, &bk);
+
+	cmp = strbuf_cmp(&ak, &bk);
+
+	strbuf_release(&ak);
+	strbuf_release(&bk);
+
+	if (cmp == 0)
+		return a->index > b->index;
+
+	return cmp < 0;
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.heap[0];
+}
+
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	return pq.len == 0;
+}
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct pq_entry e = pq->heap[0];
+	pq->heap[0] = pq->heap[pq->len - 1];
+	pq->len--;
+
+	i = 0;
+	while (i < pq->len) {
+		int min = i;
+		int j = 2 * i + 1;
+		int k = 2 * i + 2;
+		if (j < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
+			min = j;
+		}
+		if (k < pq->len && pq_less(&pq->heap[k], &pq->heap[min])) {
+			min = k;
+		}
+
+		if (min == i) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[i], pq->heap[min]);
+		i = min;
+	}
+
+	return e;
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	if (pq->len == pq->cap) {
+		pq->cap = 2 * pq->cap + 1;
+		pq->heap = reftable_realloc(pq->heap,
+					    pq->cap * sizeof(struct pq_entry));
+	}
+
+	pq->heap[pq->len++] = e;
+	i = pq->len - 1;
+	while (i > 0) {
+		int j = (i - 1) / 2;
+		if (pq_less(&pq->heap[j], &pq->heap[i])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		SWAP(pq->heap[j], pq->heap[i]);
+
+		i = j;
+	}
+}
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < pq->len; i++) {
+		reftable_record_destroy(&pq->heap[i].rec);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(pq->heap);
+	pq->len = pq->cap = 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/pq.h b/reftable/pq.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..56fc1b6d873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef PQ_H
+#define PQ_H
+
+#include "record.h"
+
+struct pq_entry {
+	int index;
+	struct reftable_record rec;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter_pqueue {
+	struct pq_entry *heap;
+	size_t len;
+	size_t cap;
+};
+
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_top(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+int merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq);
+struct pq_entry merged_iter_pqueue_remove(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_add(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq, struct pq_entry e);
+void merged_iter_pqueue_release(struct merged_iter_pqueue *pq);
+int pq_less(struct pq_entry *a, struct pq_entry *b);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/pq_test.c b/reftable/pq_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c9bb05e37b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/pq_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+
+void merged_iter_pqueue_check(struct merged_iter_pqueue pq)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 1; i < pq.len; i++) {
+		int parent = (i - 1) / 2;
+
+		EXPECT(pq_less(&pq.heap[parent], &pq.heap[i]));
+	}
+}
+
+static void test_pq(void)
+{
+	char *names[54] = { NULL };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(names) - 1;
+
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq = { NULL };
+	const char *last = NULL;
+
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%02d", i);
+		names[i] = xstrdup(name);
+	}
+
+	i = 1;
+	do {
+		struct reftable_record rec =
+			reftable_new_record(BLOCK_TYPE_REF);
+		struct pq_entry e = { 0 };
+
+		reftable_record_as_ref(&rec)->refname = names[i];
+		e.rec = rec;
+		merged_iter_pqueue_add(&pq, e);
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+		i = (i * 7) % N;
+	} while (i != 1);
+
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry e = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&pq);
+		struct reftable_ref_record *ref =
+			reftable_record_as_ref(&e.rec);
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_check(pq);
+
+		if (last) {
+			EXPECT(strcmp(last, ref->refname) < 0);
+		}
+		last = ref->refname;
+		ref->refname = NULL;
+		reftable_free(ref);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_free(names[i]);
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&pq);
+}
+
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_pq);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-tests.h b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
index 3d541fa5c0c..0019cbcfa49 100644
--- a/reftable/reftable-tests.h
+++ b/reftable/reftable-tests.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 int basics_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int block_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int merged_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
+int pq_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int record_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int refname_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
 int readwrite_test_main(int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 898aba836fd..0b5a1701df1 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 15/19] reftable: add merged table view
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (13 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2022-01-13 11:38         ` [PATCH] reftable tests: use C syntax compatible with old xlc Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (3 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This adds an abstract, read-only interface to the ref database.

This primitive is used to construct the read view of the ref database
(the read view is constructed by merging several *.ref files). It also
provides the mechanism to provide a unified view of the refs in the main
repository and the per-worktree refs.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                   |   2 +
 reftable/merged.c          | 362 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/merged.h          |  38 +++
 reftable/merged_test.c     | 468 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/reftable-merged.h |  72 ++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c   |   1 +
 6 files changed, 943 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/merged_test.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-merged.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index cdfde13b584..b81e3e73354 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2442,6 +2442,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/block.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/blocksource.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/iter.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/publicbasics.o
+REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/merged.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/pq.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/reader.o
 REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/record.o
@@ -2453,6 +2454,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
diff --git a/reftable/merged.c b/reftable/merged.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e5b53da6db3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.c
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "iter.h"
+#include "pq.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "generic.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+static int merged_iter_init(struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+		int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[i], &rec);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (err > 0) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+			reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		} else {
+			struct pq_entry e = {
+				.rec = rec,
+				.index = i,
+			};
+			merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void merged_iter_close(void *p)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	int i = 0;
+	merged_iter_pqueue_release(&mi->pq);
+	for (i = 0; i < mi->stack_len; i++) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(mi->stack);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi,
+					       size_t idx)
+{
+	struct reftable_record rec = reftable_new_record(mi->typ);
+	struct pq_entry e = {
+		.rec = rec,
+		.index = idx,
+	};
+	int err = iterator_next(&mi->stack[idx], &rec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (err > 0) {
+		reftable_iterator_destroy(&mi->stack[idx]);
+		reftable_record_destroy(&rec);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	merged_iter_pqueue_add(&mi->pq, e);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_advance_subiter(struct merged_iter *mi, size_t idx)
+{
+	if (iterator_is_null(&mi->stack[idx]))
+		return 0;
+	return merged_iter_advance_nonnull_subiter(mi, idx);
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_entry(struct merged_iter *mi,
+				  struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct strbuf entry_key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pq_entry entry = { 0 };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	entry = merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+	err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, entry.index);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	  One can also use reftable as datacenter-local storage, where the ref
+	  database is maintained in globally consistent database (eg.
+	  CockroachDB or Spanner). In this scenario, replication delays together
+	  with compaction may cause newer tables to contain older entries. In
+	  such a deployment, the loop below must be changed to collect all
+	  entries for the same key, and return new the newest one.
+	*/
+	reftable_record_key(&entry.rec, &entry_key);
+	while (!merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq)) {
+		struct pq_entry top = merged_iter_pqueue_top(mi->pq);
+		struct strbuf k = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int err = 0, cmp = 0;
+
+		reftable_record_key(&top.rec, &k);
+
+		cmp = strbuf_cmp(&k, &entry_key);
+		strbuf_release(&k);
+
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		merged_iter_pqueue_remove(&mi->pq);
+		err = merged_iter_advance_subiter(mi, top.index);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+		reftable_record_destroy(&top.rec);
+	}
+
+	reftable_record_copy_from(rec, &entry.rec, hash_size(mi->hash_id));
+	reftable_record_destroy(&entry.rec);
+	strbuf_release(&entry_key);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next(struct merged_iter *mi, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		int err = merged_iter_next_entry(mi, rec);
+		if (err == 0 && mi->suppress_deletions &&
+		    reftable_record_is_deletion(rec)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		return err;
+	}
+}
+
+static int merged_iter_next_void(void *p, struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct merged_iter *mi = p;
+	if (merged_iter_pqueue_is_empty(mi->pq))
+		return 1;
+
+	return merged_iter_next(mi, rec);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_iterator_vtable merged_iter_vtable = {
+	.next = &merged_iter_next_void,
+	.close = &merged_iter_close,
+};
+
+static void iterator_from_merged_iter(struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct merged_iter *mi)
+{
+	assert(!it->ops);
+	it->iter_arg = mi;
+	it->ops = &merged_iter_vtable;
+}
+
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_merged_table *m = NULL;
+	uint64_t last_max = 0;
+	uint64_t first_min = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t min = reftable_table_min_update_index(&stack[i]);
+		uint64_t max = reftable_table_max_update_index(&stack[i]);
+
+		if (reftable_table_hash_id(&stack[i]) != hash_id) {
+			return REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || min < first_min) {
+			first_min = min;
+		}
+		if (i == 0 || max > last_max) {
+			last_max = max;
+		}
+	}
+
+	m = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_merged_table));
+	m->stack = stack;
+	m->stack_len = n;
+	m->min = first_min;
+	m->max = last_max;
+	m->hash_id = hash_id;
+	*dest = m;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* clears the list of subtable, without affecting the readers themselves. */
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mt->stack);
+	mt->stack_len = 0;
+}
+
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	if (!mt) {
+		return;
+	}
+	merged_table_release(mt);
+	reftable_free(mt);
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->max;
+}
+
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->min;
+}
+
+static int reftable_table_seek_record(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return tab->ops->seek_record(tab->table_arg, it, rec);
+}
+
+static int merged_table_seek_record(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				    struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				    struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator *iters = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_iterator) * mt->stack_len);
+	struct merged_iter merged = {
+		.stack = iters,
+		.typ = reftable_record_type(rec),
+		.hash_id = mt->hash_id,
+		.suppress_deletions = mt->suppress_deletions,
+	};
+	int n = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < mt->stack_len && err == 0; i++) {
+		int e = reftable_table_seek_record(&mt->stack[i], &iters[n],
+						   rec);
+		if (e < 0) {
+			err = e;
+		}
+		if (e == 0) {
+			n++;
+		}
+	}
+	if (err < 0) {
+		int i = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+			reftable_iterator_destroy(&iters[i]);
+		}
+		reftable_free(iters);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	merged.stack_len = n;
+	err = merged_iter_init(&merged);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		merged_iter_close(&merged);
+		return err;
+	} else {
+		struct merged_iter *p =
+			reftable_malloc(sizeof(struct merged_iter));
+		*p = merged;
+		iterator_from_merged_iter(it, p);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_ref(&rec, &ref);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	struct reftable_log_record log = {
+		.refname = (char *)name,
+		.update_index = update_index,
+	};
+	struct reftable_record rec = { NULL };
+	reftable_record_from_log(&rec, &log);
+	return merged_table_seek_record(mt, it, &rec);
+}
+
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name)
+{
+	uint64_t max = ~((uint64_t)0);
+	return reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(mt, it, name, max);
+}
+
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *mt)
+{
+	return mt->hash_id;
+}
+
+static int reftable_merged_table_seek_void(void *tab,
+					   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+					   struct reftable_record *rec)
+{
+	return merged_table_seek_record(tab, it, rec);
+}
+
+static uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_hash_id(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static uint64_t reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void(void *tab)
+{
+	return reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(tab);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_table_vtable merged_table_vtable = {
+	.seek_record = reftable_merged_table_seek_void,
+	.hash_id = reftable_merged_table_hash_id_void,
+	.min_update_index = reftable_merged_table_min_update_index_void,
+	.max_update_index = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index_void,
+};
+
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *merged)
+{
+	assert(!tab->ops);
+	tab->ops = &merged_table_vtable;
+	tab->table_arg = merged;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/merged.h b/reftable/merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d9f95d27ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef MERGED_H
+#define MERGED_H
+
+#include "pq.h"
+
+struct reftable_merged_table {
+	struct reftable_table *stack;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+
+	/* If unset, produce deletions. This is useful for compaction. For the
+	 * full stack, deletions should be produced. */
+	int suppress_deletions;
+
+	uint64_t min;
+	uint64_t max;
+};
+
+struct merged_iter {
+	struct reftable_iterator *stack;
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	size_t stack_len;
+	uint8_t typ;
+	int suppress_deletions;
+	struct merged_iter_pqueue pq;
+};
+
+void merged_table_release(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/merged_test.c b/reftable/merged_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..24461e8a802
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/merged_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,468 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "merged.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+static void write_test_table(struct strbuf *buf,
+			     struct reftable_ref_record refs[], int n)
+{
+	int min = 0xffffffff;
+	int max = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t ui = refs[i].update_index;
+		if (ui > max) {
+			max = ui;
+		}
+		if (ui < min) {
+			min = ui;
+		}
+	}
+
+	w = reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, min, max);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		uint64_t before = refs[i].update_index;
+		int n = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT(n == 0);
+		EXPECT(before == refs[i].update_index);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static void write_test_log_table(struct strbuf *buf,
+				 struct reftable_log_record logs[], int n,
+				 uint64_t update_index)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = {
+		.block_size = 256,
+		.exact_log_message = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_writer *w = NULL;
+	w = reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, buf, &opts);
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, update_index, update_index);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_writer_add_log(w, &logs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_merged_table *
+merged_table_from_records(struct reftable_ref_record **refs,
+			  struct reftable_block_source **source,
+			  struct reftable_reader ***readers, int *sizes,
+			  struct strbuf *buf, int n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_table *tabs =
+		reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_table));
+	*readers = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_reader *));
+	*source = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(**source));
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		write_test_table(&buf[i], refs[i], sizes[i]);
+		block_source_from_strbuf(&(*source)[i], &buf[i]);
+
+		err = reftable_new_reader(&(*readers)[i], &(*source)[i],
+					  "name");
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&tabs[i], (*readers)[i]);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, tabs, n, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	return mt;
+}
+
+static void readers_destroy(struct reftable_reader **readers, size_t n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < n; i++)
+		reftable_reader_free(readers[i]);
+	reftable_free(readers);
+}
+
+static void test_merged_between(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1, 2, 3, 0 };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = { {
+		.refname = "b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+		.value.val1 = hash1,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2 };
+	int sizes[] = { 1, 1 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[2] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 2);
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(ref.update_index == 2);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	readers_destroy(readers, 2);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bufs); i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_merged(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1 };
+	uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 2 };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r1[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		}
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
+		.refname = "a",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+	} };
+	struct reftable_ref_record r3[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash2,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "d",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
+		r2[0],
+		r1[1],
+		r3[0],
+		r3[1],
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
+	int sizes[3] = { 3, 1, 2 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[3] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt =
+		merged_table_from_records(refs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 3);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "a");
+	struct reftable_ref_record *out = NULL;
+	size_t len = 0;
+	size_t cap = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_hash_id(mt) == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(mt) == 1);
+
+	while (len < 100) { /* cap loops/recursion. */
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (len == cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			out = reftable_realloc(
+				out, sizeof(struct reftable_ref_record) * cap);
+		}
+		out[len++] = ref;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	EXPECT(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&out[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(out);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	readers_destroy(readers, 3);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_merged_table *
+merged_table_from_log_records(struct reftable_log_record **logs,
+			      struct reftable_block_source **source,
+			      struct reftable_reader ***readers, int *sizes,
+			      struct strbuf *buf, int n)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_table *tabs =
+		reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_table));
+	*readers = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(struct reftable_reader *));
+	*source = reftable_calloc(n * sizeof(**source));
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		write_test_log_table(&buf[i], logs[i], sizes[i], i + 1);
+		block_source_from_strbuf(&(*source)[i], &buf[i]);
+
+		err = reftable_new_reader(&(*readers)[i], &(*source)[i],
+					  "name");
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&tabs[i], (*readers)[i]);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, tabs, n, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	return mt;
+}
+
+static void test_merged_logs(void)
+{
+	uint8_t hash1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 1 };
+	uint8_t hash2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 2 };
+	uint8_t hash3[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 3 };
+	struct reftable_log_record r1[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 2,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value.update = {
+				.old_hash = hash2,
+				/* deletion */
+				.name = "jane doe",
+				.email = "jane@invalid",
+				.message = "message2",
+			}
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value.update = {
+				.old_hash = hash1,
+				.new_hash = hash2,
+				.name = "jane doe",
+				.email = "jane@invalid",
+				.message = "message1",
+			}
+		},
+	};
+	struct reftable_log_record r2[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value.update = {
+				.new_hash = hash3,
+				.name = "jane doe",
+				.email = "jane@invalid",
+				.message = "message3",
+			}
+		},
+	};
+	struct reftable_log_record r3[] = {
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 2,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
+		},
+	};
+	struct reftable_log_record want[] = {
+		r2[0],
+		r3[0],
+		r1[1],
+	};
+
+	struct reftable_log_record *logs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
+	int sizes[3] = { 2, 1, 1 };
+	struct strbuf bufs[3] = { STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct reftable_block_source *bs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_reader **readers = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = merged_table_from_log_records(
+		logs, &bs, &readers, sizes, bufs, 3);
+
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, "a");
+	struct reftable_log_record *out = NULL;
+	size_t len = 0;
+	size_t cap = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_hash_id(mt) == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(mt) == 1);
+
+	while (len < 100) { /* cap loops/recursion. */
+		struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (len == cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			out = reftable_realloc(
+				out, sizeof(struct reftable_log_record) * cap);
+		}
+		out[len++] = log;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	EXPECT(ARRAY_SIZE(want) == len);
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&want[i], &out[i],
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(mt, &it, "a", 2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&out[0]);
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &out[0]);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&out[0], &r3[0], GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(&out[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(out);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		strbuf_release(&bufs[i]);
+	}
+	readers_destroy(readers, 3);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	reftable_free(bs);
+}
+
+static void test_default_write_opts(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_table *tab = reftable_calloc(sizeof(*tab) * 1);
+	uint32_t hash_id;
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	hash_id = reftable_reader_hash_id(rd);
+	EXPECT(hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab[0], rd);
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&merged, tab, 1, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	reftable_merged_table_free(merged);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+/* XXX test refs_for(oid) */
+
+int merged_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged_logs);
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged_between);
+	RUN_TEST(test_merged);
+	RUN_TEST(test_default_write_opts);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-merged.h b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a6d16915ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-merged.h
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+#define REFTABLE_MERGED_H
+
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+/*
+ * Merged tables
+ *
+ * A ref database kept in a sequence of table files. The merged_table presents a
+ * unified view to reading (seeking, iterating) a sequence of immutable tables.
+ *
+ * The merged tables are on purpose kept disconnected from their actual storage
+ * (eg. files on disk), because it is useful to merge tables aren't files. For
+ * example, the per-workspace and global ref namespace can be implemented as a
+ * merged table of two stacks of file-backed reftables.
+ */
+
+/* A merged table is implements seeking/iterating over a stack of tables. */
+struct reftable_merged_table;
+
+/* A generic reftable; see below. */
+struct reftable_table;
+
+/* reftable_new_merged_table creates a new merged table. It takes ownership of
+   the stack array.
+*/
+int reftable_new_merged_table(struct reftable_merged_table **dest,
+			      struct reftable_table *stack, int n,
+			      uint32_t hash_id);
+
+/* returns an iterator positioned just before 'name' */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns an iterator for log entry, at given update_index */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				      struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				      const char *name, uint64_t update_index);
+
+/* like reftable_merged_table_seek_log_at but look for the newest entry. */
+int reftable_merged_table_seek_log(struct reftable_merged_table *mt,
+				   struct reftable_iterator *it,
+				   const char *name);
+
+/* returns the max update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* returns the min update_index covered by this merged table. */
+uint64_t
+reftable_merged_table_min_update_index(struct reftable_merged_table *mt);
+
+/* releases memory for the merged_table */
+void reftable_merged_table_free(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* return the hash ID of the merged table. */
+uint32_t reftable_merged_table_hash_id(struct reftable_merged_table *m);
+
+/* create a generic table from reftable_merged_table */
+void reftable_table_from_merged_table(struct reftable_table *tab,
+				      struct reftable_merged_table *table);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 0b5a1701df1..8087f2da4e6 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	basics_test_main(argc, argv);
 	block_test_main(argc, argv);
+	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (14 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (2 subsequent siblings)
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

The packed/loose format has restrictions on refnames: a and a/b cannot
coexist. This limitation does not apply to reftable per se, but must be
maintained for interoperability. This code adds validation routines to
abort transactions that are trying to add invalid names.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 |   1 +
 reftable/refname.c       | 209 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/refname.h       |  29 ++++++
 reftable/refname_test.c  | 102 +++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 342 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/refname_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index b81e3e73354..6c652fcacbd 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2458,6 +2458,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/refname.c b/reftable/refname.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..95734969324
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.c
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+
+struct find_arg {
+	char **names;
+	const char *want;
+};
+
+static int find_name(size_t k, void *arg)
+{
+	struct find_arg *f_arg = arg;
+	return strcmp(f_arg->names[k], f_arg->want) >= 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref(struct modification *mod, const char *name)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len && !strcmp(mod->add[idx], name)) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->del,
+			.want = name,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->del_len && !strcmp(mod->del[idx], name)) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_table_read_ref(&mod->tab, name, &ref);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void modification_release(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	/* don't delete the strings themselves; they're owned by ref records.
+	 */
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->add);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(mod->del);
+	mod->add_len = 0;
+	mod->del_len = 0;
+}
+
+static int modification_has_ref_with_prefix(struct modification *mod,
+					    const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (mod->add_len > 0) {
+		struct find_arg arg = {
+			.names = mod->add,
+			.want = prefix,
+		};
+		int idx = binsearch(mod->add_len, find_name, &arg);
+		if (idx < mod->add_len &&
+		    !strncmp(prefix, mod->add[idx], strlen(prefix)))
+			goto done;
+	}
+	err = reftable_table_seek_ref(&mod->tab, &it, prefix);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (mod->del_len > 0) {
+			struct find_arg arg = {
+				.names = mod->del,
+				.want = ref.refname,
+			};
+			int idx = binsearch(mod->del_len, find_name, &arg);
+			if (idx < mod->del_len &&
+			    !strcmp(ref.refname, mod->del[idx])) {
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (strncmp(ref.refname, prefix, strlen(prefix))) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int validate_refname(const char *name)
+{
+	while (1) {
+		char *next = strchr(name, '/');
+		if (!*name) {
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		}
+		if (!next) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (next - name == 0 || (next - name == 1 && *name == '.') ||
+		    (next - name == 2 && name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.'))
+			return REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR;
+		name = next + 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz)
+{
+	struct modification mod = {
+		.tab = tab,
+		.add = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+		.del = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * sz),
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	for (; i < sz; i++) {
+		if (reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&recs[i])) {
+			mod.del[mod.del_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		} else {
+			mod.add[mod.add_len++] = recs[i].refname;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = modification_validate(&mod);
+	modification_release(&mod);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void strbuf_trim_component(struct strbuf *sl)
+{
+	while (sl->len > 0) {
+		int is_slash = (sl->buf[sl->len - 1] == '/');
+		strbuf_setlen(sl, sl->len - 1);
+		if (is_slash)
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod)
+{
+	struct strbuf slashed = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < mod->add_len; i++) {
+		err = validate_refname(mod->add[i]);
+		if (err)
+			goto done;
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, "/");
+
+		err = modification_has_ref_with_prefix(mod, slashed.buf);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+			goto done;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&slashed);
+		strbuf_addstr(&slashed, mod->add[i]);
+		while (slashed.len) {
+			strbuf_trim_component(&slashed);
+			err = modification_has_ref(mod, slashed.buf);
+			if (err == 0) {
+				err = REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT;
+				goto done;
+			}
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+	}
+	err = 0;
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&slashed);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/refname.h b/reftable/refname.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a24b40fcb42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+  license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+  https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+#ifndef REFNAME_H
+#define REFNAME_H
+
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+struct modification {
+	struct reftable_table tab;
+
+	char **add;
+	size_t add_len;
+
+	char **del;
+	size_t del_len;
+};
+
+int validate_ref_record_addition(struct reftable_table tab,
+				 struct reftable_ref_record *recs, size_t sz);
+
+int modification_validate(struct modification *mod);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/refname_test.c b/reftable/refname_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8645cd93bbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/refname_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "blocksource.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+struct testcase {
+	char *add;
+	char *del;
+	int error_code;
+};
+
+static void test_conflict(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options opts = { 0 };
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *w =
+		reftable_new_writer(&strbuf_add_void, &buf, &opts);
+	struct reftable_ref_record rec = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "destination", /* make sure it's not a symref.
+						*/
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_block_source source = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct testcase cases[] = {
+		{ "a/b/c", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "b", NULL, 0 },
+		{ "a", NULL, REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT },
+		{ "a", "a/b", 0 },
+
+		{ "p/", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p//q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/./q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+		{ "p/../q", NULL, REFTABLE_REFNAME_ERROR },
+
+		{ "a/b/c", "a/b", 0 },
+		{ NULL, "a//b", 0 },
+	};
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(w, 1, 1);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_add_ref(w, &rec);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(w);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_writer_free(w);
+
+	block_source_from_strbuf(&source, &buf);
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &source, "filename");
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_table_from_reader(&tab, rd);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cases); i++) {
+		struct modification mod = {
+			.tab = tab,
+		};
+
+		if (cases[i].add) {
+			mod.add = &cases[i].add;
+			mod.add_len = 1;
+		}
+		if (cases[i].del) {
+			mod.del = &cases[i].del;
+			mod.del_len = 1;
+		}
+
+		err = modification_validate(&mod);
+		EXPECT(err == cases[i].error_code);
+	}
+
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int refname_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_conflict);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 8087f2da4e6..c8db6852c35 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	merged_test_main(argc, argv);
 	pq_test_main(argc, argv);
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
+	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (15 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                  |    1 +
 reftable/reftable-stack.h |  128 ++++
 reftable/stack.c          | 1396 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 reftable/stack.h          |   41 ++
 reftable/stack_test.c     |  953 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 t/helper/test-reftable.c  |    1 +
 6 files changed, 2520 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/reftable-stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.c
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack.h
 create mode 100644 reftable/stack_test.c

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 6c652fcacbd..29344440715 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2459,6 +2459,7 @@ REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/readwrite_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/refname_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/stack_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/test_framework.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/tree_test.o
 
diff --git a/reftable/reftable-stack.h b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b602dda58a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/reftable-stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef REFTABLE_STACK_H
+#define REFTABLE_STACK_H
+
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+
+/*
+ * The stack presents an interface to a mutable sequence of reftables.
+
+ * A stack can be mutated by pushing a table to the top of the stack.
+
+ * The reftable_stack automatically compacts files on disk to ensure good
+ * amortized performance.
+ *
+ * For windows and other platforms that cannot have open files as rename
+ * destinations, concurrent access from multiple processes needs the rand()
+ * random seed to be randomized.
+ */
+struct reftable_stack;
+
+/* open a new reftable stack. The tables along with the table list will be
+ *  stored in 'dir'. Typically, this should be .git/reftables.
+ */
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config);
+
+/* returns the update_index at which a next table should be written. */
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* holds a transaction to add tables at the top of a stack. */
+struct reftable_addition;
+
+/*
+ * returns a new transaction to add reftables to the given stack. As a side
+ * effect, the ref database is locked.
+ */
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Adds a reftable to transaction. */
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg);
+
+/* Commits the transaction, releasing the lock. After calling this,
+ * reftable_addition_destroy should still be called.
+ */
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* Release all non-committed data from the transaction, and deallocate the
+ * transaction. Releases the lock if held. */
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add);
+
+/* add a new table to the stack. The write_table function must call
+ * reftable_writer_set_limits, add refs and return an error value. */
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					  void *write_arg),
+		       void *write_arg);
+
+/* returns the merged_table for seeking. This table is valid until the
+ * next write or reload, and should not be closed or deleted.
+ */
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* frees all resources associated with the stack. */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Reloads the stack if necessary. This is very cheap to run if the stack was up
+ * to date */
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* Policy for expiring reflog entries. */
+struct reftable_log_expiry_config {
+	/* Drop entries older than this timestamp */
+	uint64_t time;
+
+	/* Drop older entries */
+	uint64_t min_update_index;
+};
+
+/* compacts all reftables into a giant table. Expire reflog entries if config is
+ * non-NULL */
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+
+/* heuristically compact unbalanced table stack. */
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* delete stale .ref tables. */
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single ref. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref);
+
+/* convenience function to read a single log. Returns < 0 for error, 0 for
+ * success, and 1 if ref not found. */
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log);
+
+/* statistics on past compactions. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats {
+	uint64_t bytes; /* total number of bytes written */
+	uint64_t entries_written; /* total number of entries written, including
+				     failures. */
+	int attempts; /* how often we tried to compact */
+	int failures; /* failures happen on concurrent updates */
+};
+
+/* return statistics for compaction up till now. */
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st);
+
+/* print the entire stack represented by the directory */
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack.c b/reftable/stack.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df5021ebf08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "reader.h"
+#include "refname.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "writer.h"
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg);
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config);
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name);
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add);
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open);
+
+static void stack_filename(struct strbuf *dest, struct reftable_stack *st,
+			   const char *name)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, st->reftable_dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, "/");
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, name);
+}
+
+static ssize_t reftable_fd_write(void *arg, const void *data, size_t sz)
+{
+	int *fdp = (int *)arg;
+	return write(*fdp, data, sz);
+}
+
+int reftable_new_stack(struct reftable_stack **dest, const char *dir,
+		       struct reftable_write_options config)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *p =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_stack));
+	struct strbuf list_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (config.hash_id == 0) {
+		config.hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	}
+
+	*dest = NULL;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&list_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, dir);
+	strbuf_addstr(&list_file_name, "/tables.list");
+
+	p->list_file = strbuf_detach(&list_file_name, NULL);
+	p->reftable_dir = xstrdup(dir);
+	p->config = config;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(p, 1);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(p);
+	} else {
+		*dest = p;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int fd_read_lines(int fd, char ***namesp)
+{
+	off_t size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+	char *buf = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (size < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	buf = reftable_malloc(size + 1);
+	if (read(fd, buf, size) != size) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	buf[size] = 0;
+
+	parse_names(buf, size, namesp);
+
+done:
+	reftable_free(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***namesp)
+{
+	int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+	int err = 0;
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT) {
+			*namesp = reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+	err = fd_read_lines(fd, namesp);
+	close(fd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+struct reftable_merged_table *
+reftable_stack_merged_table(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return st->merged;
+}
+
+static int has_name(char **names, const char *name)
+{
+	while (*names) {
+		if (!strcmp(*names, name))
+			return 1;
+		names++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Close and free the stack */
+void reftable_stack_destroy(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+		st->merged = NULL;
+	}
+
+	err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		FREE_AND_NULL(names);
+	}
+
+	if (st->readers) {
+		int i = 0;
+		struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+		for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(st->readers[i]);
+			strbuf_reset(&filename);
+			if (names && !has_name(names, name)) {
+				stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+			}
+			reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+
+			if (filename.len) {
+				/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+				unlink(filename.buf);
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&filename);
+		st->readers_len = 0;
+		FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+	}
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->list_file);
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->reftable_dir);
+	reftable_free(st);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static struct reftable_reader **stack_copy_readers(struct reftable_stack *st,
+						   int cur_len)
+{
+	struct reftable_reader **cur =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * cur_len);
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		cur[i] = st->readers[i];
+	}
+	return cur;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_once(struct reftable_stack *st, char **names,
+				      int reuse_open)
+{
+	int cur_len = !st->merged ? 0 : st->merged->stack_len;
+	struct reftable_reader **cur = stack_copy_readers(st, cur_len);
+	int err = 0;
+	int names_len = names_length(names);
+	struct reftable_reader **new_readers =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_reader *) * names_len);
+	struct reftable_table *new_tables =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct reftable_table) * names_len);
+	int new_readers_len = 0;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *new_merged = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	while (*names) {
+		struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+		char *name = *names++;
+
+		/* this is linear; we assume compaction keeps the number of
+		   tables under control so this is not quadratic. */
+		int j = 0;
+		for (j = 0; reuse_open && j < cur_len; j++) {
+			if (cur[j] && 0 == strcmp(cur[j]->name, name)) {
+				rd = cur[j];
+				cur[j] = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!rd) {
+			struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+			struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+			err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src,
+							      table_path.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&table_path);
+
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+
+			err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+			if (err < 0)
+				goto done;
+		}
+
+		new_readers[new_readers_len] = rd;
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&new_tables[new_readers_len], rd);
+		new_readers_len++;
+	}
+
+	/* success! */
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&new_merged, new_tables,
+					new_readers_len, st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	new_tables = NULL;
+	st->readers_len = new_readers_len;
+	if (st->merged) {
+		merged_table_release(st->merged);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(st->merged);
+	}
+	if (st->readers) {
+		reftable_free(st->readers);
+	}
+	st->readers = new_readers;
+	new_readers = NULL;
+	new_readers_len = 0;
+
+	new_merged->suppress_deletions = 1;
+	st->merged = new_merged;
+	for (i = 0; i < cur_len; i++) {
+		if (cur[i]) {
+			const char *name = reader_name(cur[i]);
+			struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
+			stack_filename(&filename, st, name);
+
+			reader_close(cur[i]);
+			reftable_reader_free(cur[i]);
+
+			/* On Windows, can only unlink after closing. */
+			unlink(filename.buf);
+
+			strbuf_release(&filename);
+		}
+	}
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < new_readers_len; i++) {
+		reader_close(new_readers[i]);
+		reftable_reader_free(new_readers[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(new_readers);
+	reftable_free(new_tables);
+	reftable_free(cur);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* return negative if a before b. */
+static int tv_cmp(struct timeval *a, struct timeval *b)
+{
+	time_t diff = a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec;
+	int udiff = a->tv_usec - b->tv_usec;
+
+	if (diff != 0)
+		return diff;
+
+	return udiff;
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(struct reftable_stack *st,
+					     int reuse_open)
+{
+	struct timeval deadline = { 0 };
+	int err = gettimeofday(&deadline, NULL);
+	int64_t delay = 0;
+	int tries = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	deadline.tv_sec += 3;
+	while (1) {
+		char **names = NULL;
+		char **names_after = NULL;
+		struct timeval now = { 0 };
+		int err = gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+		int err2 = 0;
+		if (err < 0) {
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* Only look at deadlines after the first few times. This
+		   simplifies debugging in GDB */
+		tries++;
+		if (tries > 3 && tv_cmp(&now, &deadline) >= 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+		err = reftable_stack_reload_once(st, names, reuse_open);
+		if (err == 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err != REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		/* err == REFTABLE_NOT_EXIST_ERROR can be caused by a concurrent
+		   writer. Check if there was one by checking if the name list
+		   changed.
+		*/
+		err2 = read_lines(st->list_file, &names_after);
+		if (err2 < 0) {
+			free_names(names);
+			return err2;
+		}
+
+		if (names_equal(names_after, names)) {
+			free_names(names);
+			free_names(names_after);
+			return err;
+		}
+		free_names(names);
+		free_names(names_after);
+
+		delay = delay + (delay * rand()) / RAND_MAX + 1;
+		sleep_millisec(delay);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* -1 = error
+ 0 = up to date
+ 1 = changed. */
+static int stack_uptodate(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	char **names = NULL;
+	int err = read_lines(st->list_file, &names);
+	int i = 0;
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		if (!names[i]) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+
+		if (strcmp(st->readers[i]->name, names[i])) {
+			err = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (names[st->merged->stack_len]) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(names);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_reload(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err > 0)
+		return reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, 1);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+		       int (*write)(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg),
+		       void *arg)
+{
+	int err = stack_try_add(st, write, arg);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		if (err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR) {
+			/* Ignore error return, we want to propagate
+			   REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR.
+			*/
+			reftable_stack_reload(st);
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if (!st->disable_auto_compact)
+		return reftable_stack_auto_compact(st);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void format_name(struct strbuf *dest, uint64_t min, uint64_t max)
+{
+	char buf[100];
+	uint32_t rnd = (uint32_t)rand();
+	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0x%012" PRIx64 "-0x%012" PRIx64 "-%08x",
+		 min, max, rnd);
+	strbuf_reset(dest);
+	strbuf_addstr(dest, buf);
+}
+
+struct reftable_addition {
+	int lock_file_fd;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name;
+	struct reftable_stack *stack;
+
+	char **new_tables;
+	int new_tables_len;
+	uint64_t next_update_index;
+};
+
+#define REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT                \
+	{                                     \
+		.lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT \
+	}
+
+static int reftable_stack_init_addition(struct reftable_addition *add,
+					struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	add->stack = st;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&add->lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&add->lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	add->lock_file_fd = open(add->lock_file_name.buf,
+				 O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (add->lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (err > 1) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->next_update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st);
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_addition_close(add);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void reftable_addition_close(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	struct strbuf nm = STRBUF_INIT;
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		stack_filename(&nm, add->stack, add->new_tables[i]);
+		unlink(nm.buf);
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+		add->new_tables[i] = NULL;
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	if (add->lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(add->lock_file_fd);
+		add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (add->lock_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(add->lock_file_name.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&nm);
+}
+
+void reftable_addition_destroy(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	if (!add) {
+		return;
+	}
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	reftable_free(add);
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_commit(struct reftable_addition *add)
+{
+	struct strbuf table_list = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	if (add->new_tables_len == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < add->stack->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->stack->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, add->new_tables[i]);
+		strbuf_addstr(&table_list, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(add->lock_file_fd, table_list.buf, table_list.len);
+	strbuf_release(&table_list);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = close(add->lock_file_fd);
+	add->lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(add->lock_file_name.buf, add->stack->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	/* success, no more state to clean up. */
+	strbuf_release(&add->lock_file_name);
+	for (i = 0; i < add->new_tables_len; i++) {
+		reftable_free(add->new_tables[i]);
+	}
+	reftable_free(add->new_tables);
+	add->new_tables = NULL;
+	add->new_tables_len = 0;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(add->stack);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_new_addition(struct reftable_addition **dest,
+				struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_addition empty = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	*dest = reftable_calloc(sizeof(**dest));
+	**dest = empty;
+	err = reftable_stack_init_addition(*dest, st);
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_free(*dest);
+		*dest = NULL;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_try_add(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			 int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					    void *arg),
+			 void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition add = REFTABLE_ADDITION_INIT;
+	int err = reftable_stack_init_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(&add, write_table, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(&add);
+done:
+	reftable_addition_close(&add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_addition_add(struct reftable_addition *add,
+			  int (*write_table)(struct reftable_writer *wr,
+					     void *arg),
+			  void *arg)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	int tab_fd = 0;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&next_name);
+	format_name(&next_name, add->next_update_index, add->next_update_index);
+
+	stack_filename(&temp_tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(&temp_tab_file_name, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (tab_fd < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd,
+				 &add->stack->config);
+	err = write_table(wr, arg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = stack_check_addition(add->stack, temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (wr->min_update_index < add->next_update_index) {
+		err = REFTABLE_API_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	format_name(&next_name, wr->min_update_index, wr->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&next_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&tab_file_name, add->stack, next_name.buf);
+
+	/*
+	  On windows, this relies on rand() picking a unique destination name.
+	  Maybe we should do retry loop as well?
+	 */
+	err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, tab_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	add->new_tables = reftable_realloc(add->new_tables,
+					   sizeof(*add->new_tables) *
+						   (add->new_tables_len + 1));
+	add->new_tables[add->new_tables_len] = strbuf_detach(&next_name, NULL);
+	add->new_tables_len++;
+done:
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (temp_tab_file_name.len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab_file_name.buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	return err;
+}
+
+uint64_t reftable_stack_next_update_index(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	int sz = st->merged->stack_len;
+	if (sz > 0)
+		return reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[sz - 1]) +
+		       1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_locked(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+				struct strbuf *temp_tab,
+				struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	struct strbuf next_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int tab_fd = -1;
+	struct reftable_writer *wr = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	format_name(&next_name,
+		    reftable_reader_min_update_index(st->readers[first]),
+		    reftable_reader_max_update_index(st->readers[last]));
+
+	stack_filename(temp_tab, st, next_name.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(temp_tab, ".temp.XXXXXX");
+
+	tab_fd = mkstemp(temp_tab->buf);
+	wr = reftable_new_writer(reftable_fd_write, &tab_fd, &st->config);
+
+	err = stack_write_compact(st, wr, first, last, config);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	err = reftable_writer_close(wr);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = close(tab_fd);
+	tab_fd = 0;
+
+done:
+	reftable_writer_free(wr);
+	if (tab_fd > 0) {
+		close(tab_fd);
+		tab_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (err != 0 && temp_tab->len > 0) {
+		unlink(temp_tab->buf);
+		strbuf_release(temp_tab);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&next_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_write_compact(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_writer *wr, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int subtabs_len = last - first + 1;
+	struct reftable_table *subtabs = reftable_calloc(
+		sizeof(struct reftable_table) * (last - first + 1));
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = NULL;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+	uint64_t entries = 0;
+
+	int i = 0, j = 0;
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct reftable_reader *t = st->readers[i];
+		reftable_table_from_reader(&subtabs[j++], t);
+		st->stats.bytes += t->size;
+	}
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+				   st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+
+	err = reftable_new_merged_table(&mt, subtabs, subtabs_len,
+					st->config.hash_id);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		reftable_free(subtabs);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_ref(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_ref_record_is_deletion(&ref)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, &ref);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+
+	err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, "");
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, &log);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (first == 0 && reftable_log_record_is_deletion(&log)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->min_update_index > 0 &&
+		    log.update_index < config->min_update_index) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (config && config->time > 0 &&
+		    log.value.update.time < config->time) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = reftable_writer_add_log(wr, &log);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		entries++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	if (mt) {
+		merged_table_release(mt);
+		reftable_merged_table_free(mt);
+	}
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&ref);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+	st->stats.entries_written += entries;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* <  0: error. 0 == OK, > 0 attempt failed; could retry. */
+static int stack_compact_range(struct reftable_stack *st, int first, int last,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *expiry)
+{
+	struct strbuf temp_tab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf lock_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf ref_list_contents = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf new_table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+	int have_lock = 0;
+	int lock_file_fd = 0;
+	int compact_count = last - first + 1;
+	char **listp = NULL;
+	char **delete_on_success =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	char **subtable_locks =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(char *) * (compact_count + 1));
+	int i = 0;
+	int j = 0;
+	int is_empty_table = 0;
+
+	if (first > last || (!expiry && first == last)) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	st->stats.attempts++;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&lock_file_name);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, st->list_file);
+	strbuf_addstr(&lock_file_name, ".lock");
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	/* Don't want to write to the lock for now.  */
+	close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+
+	have_lock = 1;
+	err = stack_uptodate(st);
+	if (err != 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	for (i = first, j = 0; i <= last; i++) {
+		struct strbuf subtab_file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf subtab_lock = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int sublock_file_fd = -1;
+
+		stack_filename(&subtab_file_name, st,
+			       reader_name(st->readers[i]));
+
+		strbuf_reset(&subtab_lock);
+		strbuf_addbuf(&subtab_lock, &subtab_file_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&subtab_lock, ".lock");
+
+		sublock_file_fd = open(subtab_lock.buf,
+				       O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+		if (sublock_file_fd > 0) {
+			close(sublock_file_fd);
+		} else if (sublock_file_fd < 0) {
+			if (errno == EEXIST) {
+				err = 1;
+			} else {
+				err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			}
+		}
+
+		subtable_locks[j] = subtab_lock.buf;
+		delete_on_success[j] = subtab_file_name.buf;
+		j++;
+
+		if (err != 0)
+			goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	err = stack_compact_locked(st, first, last, &temp_tab_file_name,
+				   expiry);
+	/* Compaction + tombstones can create an empty table out of non-empty
+	 * tables. */
+	is_empty_table = (err == REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR);
+	if (is_empty_table) {
+		err = 0;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	lock_file_fd =
+		open(lock_file_name.buf, O_EXCL | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	if (lock_file_fd < 0) {
+		if (errno == EEXIST) {
+			err = 1;
+		} else {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		}
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 1;
+
+	format_name(&new_table_name, st->readers[first]->min_update_index,
+		    st->readers[last]->max_update_index);
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_table_name, ".ref");
+
+	stack_filename(&new_table_path, st, new_table_name.buf);
+
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		/* retry? */
+		err = rename(temp_tab_file_name.buf, new_table_path.buf);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+			goto done;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < first; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	if (!is_empty_table) {
+		strbuf_addbuf(&ref_list_contents, &new_table_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+	for (i = last + 1; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, st->readers[i]->name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ref_list_contents, "\n");
+	}
+
+	err = write(lock_file_fd, ref_list_contents.buf, ref_list_contents.len);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	err = close(lock_file_fd);
+	lock_file_fd = 0;
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = rename(lock_file_name.buf, st->list_file);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+		unlink(new_table_path.buf);
+		goto done;
+	}
+	have_lock = 0;
+
+	/* Reload the stack before deleting. On windows, we can only delete the
+	   files after we closed them.
+	*/
+	err = reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse(st, first < last);
+
+	listp = delete_on_success;
+	while (*listp) {
+		if (strcmp(*listp, new_table_path.buf)) {
+			unlink(*listp);
+		}
+		listp++;
+	}
+
+done:
+	free_names(delete_on_success);
+
+	listp = subtable_locks;
+	while (*listp) {
+		unlink(*listp);
+		listp++;
+	}
+	free_names(subtable_locks);
+	if (lock_file_fd > 0) {
+		close(lock_file_fd);
+		lock_file_fd = 0;
+	}
+	if (have_lock) {
+		unlink(lock_file_name.buf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_name);
+	strbuf_release(&new_table_path);
+	strbuf_release(&ref_list_contents);
+	strbuf_release(&temp_tab_file_name);
+	strbuf_release(&lock_file_name);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_compact_all(struct reftable_stack *st,
+			       struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	return stack_compact_range(st, 0, st->merged->stack_len - 1, config);
+}
+
+static int stack_compact_range_stats(struct reftable_stack *st, int first,
+				     int last,
+				     struct reftable_log_expiry_config *config)
+{
+	int err = stack_compact_range(st, first, last, config);
+	if (err > 0) {
+		st->stats.failures++;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int segment_size(struct segment *s)
+{
+	return s->end - s->start;
+}
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz)
+{
+	int l = 0;
+	if (sz == 0)
+		return 0;
+	for (; sz; sz /= 2) {
+		l++;
+	}
+	return l - 1;
+}
+
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	struct segment *segs = reftable_calloc(sizeof(struct segment) * n);
+	int next = 0;
+	struct segment cur = { 0 };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (n == 0) {
+		*seglen = 0;
+		return segs;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		int log = fastlog2(sizes[i]);
+		if (cur.log != log && cur.bytes > 0) {
+			struct segment fresh = {
+				.start = i,
+			};
+
+			segs[next++] = cur;
+			cur = fresh;
+		}
+
+		cur.log = log;
+		cur.end = i + 1;
+		cur.bytes += sizes[i];
+	}
+	segs[next++] = cur;
+	*seglen = next;
+	return segs;
+}
+
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, n);
+	struct segment min_seg = {
+		.log = 64,
+	};
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < seglen; i++) {
+		if (segment_size(&segs[i]) == 1) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (segs[i].log < min_seg.log) {
+			min_seg = segs[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	while (min_seg.start > 0) {
+		int prev = min_seg.start - 1;
+		if (fastlog2(min_seg.bytes) < fastlog2(sizes[prev])) {
+			break;
+		}
+
+		min_seg.start = prev;
+		min_seg.bytes += sizes[prev];
+	}
+
+	reftable_free(segs);
+	return min_seg;
+}
+
+static uint64_t *stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes =
+		reftable_calloc(sizeof(uint64_t) * st->merged->stack_len);
+	int version = (st->config.hash_id == GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID) ? 1 : 2;
+	int overhead = header_size(version) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < st->merged->stack_len; i++) {
+		sizes[i] = st->readers[i]->size - overhead;
+	}
+	return sizes;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_auto_compact(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t *sizes = stack_table_sizes_for_compaction(st);
+	struct segment seg =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, st->merged->stack_len);
+	reftable_free(sizes);
+	if (segment_size(&seg) > 0)
+		return stack_compact_range_stats(st, seg.start, seg.end - 1,
+						 NULL);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct reftable_compaction_stats *
+reftable_stack_compaction_stats(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	return &st->stats;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_ref(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_ref_record *ref)
+{
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	return reftable_table_read_ref(&tab, refname, ref);
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_read_log(struct reftable_stack *st, const char *refname,
+			    struct reftable_log_record *log)
+{
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *mt = reftable_stack_merged_table(st);
+	int err = reftable_merged_table_seek_log(mt, &it, refname);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_iterator_next_log(&it, log);
+	if (err)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (strcmp(log->refname, refname) ||
+	    reftable_log_record_is_deletion(log)) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if (err) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(log);
+	}
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int stack_check_addition(struct reftable_stack *st,
+				const char *new_tab_name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table tab = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_ref_record *refs = NULL;
+	struct reftable_iterator it = { NULL };
+	int cap = 0;
+	int len = 0;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (st->config.skip_name_check)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, new_tab_name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_reader_seek_ref(rd, &it, "");
+	if (err > 0) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto done;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = { NULL };
+		err = reftable_iterator_next_ref(&it, &ref);
+		if (err > 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto done;
+
+		if (len >= cap) {
+			cap = 2 * cap + 1;
+			refs = reftable_realloc(refs, cap * sizeof(refs[0]));
+		}
+
+		refs[len++] = ref;
+	}
+
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&tab, reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+
+	err = validate_ref_record_addition(tab, refs, len);
+
+done:
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+	}
+
+	free(refs);
+	reftable_iterator_destroy(&it);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int is_table_name(const char *s)
+{
+	const char *dot = strrchr(s, '.');
+	return dot && !strcmp(dot, ".ref");
+}
+
+static void remove_maybe_stale_table(struct reftable_stack *st, uint64_t max,
+				     const char *name)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	uint64_t update_idx = 0;
+	struct reftable_block_source src = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_reader *rd = NULL;
+	struct strbuf table_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	stack_filename(&table_path, st, name);
+
+	err = reftable_block_source_from_file(&src, table_path.buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_new_reader(&rd, &src, name);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	update_idx = reftable_reader_max_update_index(rd);
+	reftable_reader_free(rd);
+
+	if (update_idx <= max) {
+		unlink(table_path.buf);
+	}
+done:
+	strbuf_release(&table_path);
+}
+
+static int reftable_stack_clean_locked(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	uint64_t max = reftable_merged_table_max_update_index(
+		reftable_stack_merged_table(st));
+	DIR *dir = opendir(st->reftable_dir);
+	struct dirent *d = NULL;
+	if (!dir) {
+		return REFTABLE_IO_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		int i = 0;
+		int found = 0;
+		if (!is_table_name(d->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		for (i = 0; !found && i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+			found = !strcmp(reader_name(st->readers[i]), d->d_name);
+		}
+		if (found)
+			continue;
+
+		remove_maybe_stale_table(st, max, d->d_name);
+	}
+
+	closedir(dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_clean(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+	int err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		goto done;
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean_locked(st);
+
+done:
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int reftable_stack_print_directory(const char *stackdir, uint32_t hash_id)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { .hash_id = hash_id };
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged = NULL;
+	struct reftable_table table = { NULL };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	merged = reftable_stack_merged_table(stack);
+	reftable_table_from_merged_table(&table, merged);
+	err = reftable_table_print(&table);
+done:
+	if (stack)
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/reftable/stack.h b/reftable/stack.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f57005846e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#ifndef STACK_H
+#define STACK_H
+
+#include "system.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+
+struct reftable_stack {
+	char *list_file;
+	char *reftable_dir;
+	int disable_auto_compact;
+
+	struct reftable_write_options config;
+
+	struct reftable_reader **readers;
+	size_t readers_len;
+	struct reftable_merged_table *merged;
+	struct reftable_compaction_stats stats;
+};
+
+int read_lines(const char *filename, char ***lines);
+
+struct segment {
+	int start, end;
+	int log;
+	uint64_t bytes;
+};
+
+int fastlog2(uint64_t sz);
+struct segment *sizes_to_segments(int *seglen, uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+struct segment suggest_compaction_segment(uint64_t *sizes, int n);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/reftable/stack_test.c b/reftable/stack_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb0b7228b0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/stack_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,953 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "stack.h"
+
+#include "system.h"
+
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "merged.h"
+#include "basics.h"
+#include "constants.h"
+#include "record.h"
+#include "test_framework.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+
+static void clear_dir(const char *dirname)
+{
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, dirname);
+	remove_dir_recursively(&path, 0);
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+}
+
+static int count_dir_entries(const char *dirname)
+{
+	DIR *dir = opendir(dirname);
+	int len = 0;
+	struct dirent *d;
+	if (dir == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
+		if (!strcmp(d->d_name, "..") || !strcmp(d->d_name, "."))
+			continue;
+		len++;
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+	return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Work linenumber into the tempdir, so we can see which tests forget to
+ * cleanup.
+ */
+static char *get_tmp_template(int linenumber)
+{
+	const char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
+	static char template[1024];
+	snprintf(template, sizeof(template) - 1, "%s/stack_test-%d.XXXXXX",
+		 tmp ? tmp : "/tmp", linenumber);
+	return template;
+}
+
+static char *get_tmp_dir(int linenumber)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_template(linenumber);
+	EXPECT(mkdtemp(dir));
+	return dir;
+}
+
+static void test_read_file(void)
+{
+	char *fn = get_tmp_template(__LINE__);
+	int fd = mkstemp(fn);
+	char out[1024] = "line1\n\nline2\nline3";
+	int n, err;
+	char **names = NULL;
+	char *want[] = { "line1", "line2", "line3" };
+	int i = 0;
+
+	EXPECT(fd > 0);
+	n = write(fd, out, strlen(out));
+	EXPECT(n == strlen(out));
+	err = close(fd);
+	EXPECT(err >= 0);
+
+	err = read_lines(fn, &names);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; names[i]; i++) {
+		EXPECT(0 == strcmp(want[i], names[i]));
+	}
+	free_names(names);
+	remove(fn);
+}
+
+static void test_parse_names(void)
+{
+	char buf[] = "line\n";
+	char **names = NULL;
+	parse_names(buf, strlen(buf), &names);
+
+	EXPECT(NULL != names[0]);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(names[0], "line"));
+	EXPECT(NULL == names[1]);
+	free_names(names);
+}
+
+static void test_names_equal(void)
+{
+	char *a[] = { "a", "b", "c", NULL };
+	char *b[] = { "a", "b", "d", NULL };
+	char *c[] = { "a", "b", NULL };
+
+	EXPECT(names_equal(a, a));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, b));
+	EXPECT(!names_equal(a, c));
+}
+
+static int write_test_ref(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct reftable_ref_record *ref = arg;
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, ref->update_index, ref->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_ref(wr, ref);
+}
+
+struct write_log_arg {
+	struct reftable_log_record *log;
+	uint64_t update_index;
+};
+
+static int write_test_log(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	struct write_log_arg *wla = arg;
+
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, wla->update_index, wla->update_index);
+	return reftable_writer_add_log(wr, wla->log);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add_one(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	printf("testing print functionality:\n");
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_print_directory(dir, GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_uptodate(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "branch2",
+		.update_index = 2,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+
+	/* simulate multi-process access to the same stack
+	   by creating two stacks for the same directory.
+	 */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_reload(st2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st2, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_transaction_api(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_addition *add = NULL;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "HEAD",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_new_addition(&add, st);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_add(add, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_addition_commit(add);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_addition_destroy(add);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, ref.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF == dest.value_type);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp("master", dest.value.symref));
+
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_validate_refname(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int i;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "a/b",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	char *additions[] = { "a", "a/b/c" };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(additions); i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = additions[i],
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_NAME_CONFLICT);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static int write_error(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	return *((int *)arg);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_update_index_check(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref1 = {
+		.refname = "name1",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref2 = {
+		.refname = "name2",
+		.update_index = 1,
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "master",
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref1);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref2);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_lock_failure(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err, i;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	for (i = -1; i != REFTABLE_EMPTY_TABLE_ERROR; i--) {
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_error, &i);
+		EXPECT(err == i);
+	}
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_add(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		.exact_log_message = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	st->disable_auto_compact = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+		refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = N + i + 1;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&dest, refs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct reftable_log_record dest = { NULL };
+		int err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, refs[i].refname, &dest);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+		EXPECT(reftable_log_record_equal(&dest, logs + i,
+						 GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+		reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	}
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_log_normalize(void)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = {
+		0,
+	};
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	uint8_t h1[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x01 }, h2[GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ] = { 0x02 };
+
+	struct reftable_log_record input = { .refname = "branch",
+					     .update_index = 1,
+					     .value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+					     .value = { .update = {
+								.new_hash = h1,
+								.old_hash = h2,
+							} } };
+	struct reftable_log_record dest = {
+		.update_index = 0,
+	};
+	struct write_log_arg arg = {
+		.log = &input,
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one\ntwo";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_API_ERROR);
+
+	input.value.update.message = "one";
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "one\n"));
+
+	input.value.update.message = "two\n";
+	arg.update_index = 2;
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, input.refname, &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(0 == strcmp(dest.value.update.message, "two\n"));
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&dest);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_tombstone(void)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_ref_record refs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[2] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(refs);
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+	struct reftable_log_record log_dest = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* even entries add the refs, odd entries delete them. */
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		const char *buf = "branch";
+		refs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		refs[i].update_index = i + 1;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			refs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1;
+			refs[i].value.val1 = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(refs[i].value.val1, i);
+		}
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		/* update_index is part of the key. */
+		logs[i].update_index = 42;
+		if (i % 2 == 0) {
+			logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+			logs[i].value.update.new_hash =
+				reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+			set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+			logs[i].value.update.email =
+				xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &refs[i]);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st, "branch", &dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, "branch", &log_dest);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log_dest);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		reftable_ref_record_release(&refs[i]);
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_hash_id(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+		.refname = "master",
+		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+		.value.symref = "target",
+		.update_index = 1,
+	};
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg32 = { .hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID };
+	struct reftable_stack *st32 = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg_default = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st_default = NULL;
+	struct reftable_ref_record dest = { NULL };
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* can't read it with the wrong hash ID. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st32, dir, cfg32);
+	EXPECT(err == REFTABLE_FORMAT_ERROR);
+
+	/* check that we can read it back with default config too. */
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st_default, dir, cfg_default);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_ref(st_default, "master", &dest);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_ref_record_equal(&ref, &dest, GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ));
+	reftable_ref_record_release(&dest);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st_default);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_log2(void)
+{
+	EXPECT(1 == fastlog2(3));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(4));
+	EXPECT(2 == fastlog2(5));
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 };
+	/* .................0  1  2  3  4  5 */
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(segs[2].log == 3);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].start == 5);
+	EXPECT(segs[2].end == 6);
+
+	EXPECT(segs[1].log == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].start == 2);
+	EXPECT(segs[1].end == 5);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_empty(void)
+{
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs = sizes_to_segments(&seglen, NULL, 0);
+	EXPECT(seglen == 0);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 5, 5 };
+
+	int seglen = 0;
+	struct segment *segs =
+		sizes_to_segments(&seglen, sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(seglen == 1);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].start == 0);
+	EXPECT(segs[0].end == 2);
+	reftable_free(segs);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 128, 64, 17, 16, 9, 9, 9, 16, 16 };
+	/* .................0    1    2  3   4  5  6 */
+	struct segment min =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(min.start == 2);
+	EXPECT(min.end == 7);
+}
+
+static void test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing(void)
+{
+	uint64_t sizes[] = { 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2 };
+	struct segment result =
+		suggest_compaction_segment(sizes, ARRAY_SIZE(sizes));
+	EXPECT(result.start == result.end);
+}
+
+static void test_reflog_expire(void)
+{
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	struct reftable_log_record logs[20] = { { NULL } };
+	int N = ARRAY_SIZE(logs) - 1;
+	int i = 0;
+	int err;
+	struct reftable_log_expiry_config expiry = {
+		.time = 10,
+	};
+	struct reftable_log_record log = { NULL };
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		char buf[256];
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "branch%02d", i);
+
+		logs[i].refname = xstrdup(buf);
+		logs[i].update_index = i;
+		logs[i].value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE;
+		logs[i].value.update.time = i;
+		logs[i].value.update.new_hash = reftable_malloc(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ);
+		logs[i].value.update.email = xstrdup("identity@invalid");
+		set_test_hash(logs[i].value.update.new_hash, i);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
+		struct write_log_arg arg = {
+			.log = &logs[i],
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+		};
+		int err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_log, &arg);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[9].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[11].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	expiry.min_update_index = 15;
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st, &expiry);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[14].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT(err == 1);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_read_log(st, logs[16].refname, &log);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	/* cleanup */
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	for (i = 0; i <= N; i++) {
+		reftable_log_record_release(&logs[i]);
+	}
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_log_record_release(&log);
+}
+
+static int write_nothing(struct reftable_writer *wr, void *arg)
+{
+	reftable_writer_set_limits(wr, 1, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void test_empty_add(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	int err;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	struct reftable_stack *st2 = NULL;
+
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_nothing, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 100;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	st->disable_auto_compact = 1; /* call manually below for coverage. */
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_auto_compact(st);
+		EXPECT(i < 3 || st->merged->stack_len < 2 * fastlog2(i));
+	}
+
+	EXPECT(reftable_stack_compaction_stats(st)->entries_written <
+	       (uint64_t)(N * fastlog2(N)));
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+static void unclean_stack_close(struct reftable_stack *st)
+{
+	/* break abstraction boundary to simulate unclean shutdown. */
+	int i = 0;
+	for (; i < st->readers_len; i++) {
+		reftable_reader_free(st->readers[i]);
+	}
+	st->readers_len = 0;
+	FREE_AND_NULL(st->readers);
+}
+
+static void test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean(void)
+{
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+	struct reftable_stack *st1 = NULL, *st2 = NULL, *st3 = NULL;
+	char *dir = get_tmp_dir(__LINE__);
+
+	int err, i;
+	int N = 3;
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st1, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+		char name[100];
+		struct reftable_ref_record ref = {
+			.refname = name,
+			.update_index = reftable_stack_next_update_index(st1),
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_SYMREF,
+			.value.symref = "master",
+		};
+		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "branch%04d", i);
+
+		err = reftable_stack_add(st1, &write_test_ref, &ref);
+		EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	}
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st2, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(st1, NULL);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	unclean_stack_close(st1);
+	unclean_stack_close(st2);
+
+	err = reftable_new_stack(&st3, dir, cfg);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+
+	err = reftable_stack_clean(st3);
+	EXPECT_ERR(err);
+	EXPECT(count_dir_entries(dir) == 2);
+
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st1);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st2);
+	reftable_stack_destroy(st3);
+
+	clear_dir(dir);
+}
+
+int stack_test_main(int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+	RUN_TEST(test_empty_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_log2);
+	RUN_TEST(test_names_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_parse_names);
+	RUN_TEST(test_read_file);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reflog_expire);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_add_one);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_auto_compaction);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_compaction_concurrent_clean);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_hash_id);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_lock_failure);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_log_normalize);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_tombstone);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_transaction_api);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_update_index_check);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_uptodate);
+	RUN_TEST(test_reftable_stack_validate_refname);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_all_equal);
+	RUN_TEST(test_sizes_to_segments_empty);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment);
+	RUN_TEST(test_suggest_compaction_segment_nothing);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index c8db6852c35..996da85f7b5 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	record_test_main(argc, argv);
 	refname_test_main(argc, argv);
 	readwrite_test_main(argc, argv);
+	stack_test_main(argc, argv);
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 18/19] reftable: add dump utility
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (16 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

provide a command-line utility for inspecting individual tables, and
inspecting a complete ref database

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Helped-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/dump.c | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 107 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 reftable/dump.c

diff --git a/reftable/dump.c b/reftable/dump.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..155953d1b82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reftable/dump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2020 Google LLC
+
+Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
+https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
+*/
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "hash.h"
+
+#include "reftable-blocksource.h"
+#include "reftable-error.h"
+#include "reftable-merged.h"
+#include "reftable-record.h"
+#include "reftable-tests.h"
+#include "reftable-writer.h"
+#include "reftable-iterator.h"
+#include "reftable-reader.h"
+#include "reftable-stack.h"
+#include "reftable-generic.h"
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static int compact_stack(const char *stackdir)
+{
+	struct reftable_stack *stack = NULL;
+	struct reftable_write_options cfg = { 0 };
+
+	int err = reftable_new_stack(&stack, stackdir, cfg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	err = reftable_stack_compact_all(stack, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto done;
+done:
+	if (stack) {
+		reftable_stack_destroy(stack);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void print_help(void)
+{
+	printf("usage: dump [-cst] arg\n\n"
+	       "options: \n"
+	       "  -c compact\n"
+	       "  -t dump table\n"
+	       "  -s dump stack\n"
+	       "  -6 sha256 hash format\n"
+	       "  -h this help\n"
+	       "\n");
+}
+
+int reftable_dump_main(int argc, char *const *argv)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	int opt_dump_table = 0;
+	int opt_dump_stack = 0;
+	int opt_compact = 0;
+	uint32_t opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA1_FORMAT_ID;
+	const char *arg = NULL, *argv0 = argv[0];
+
+	for (; argc > 1; argv++, argc--)
+		if (*argv[1] != '-')
+			break;
+		else if (!strcmp("-t", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_table = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-6", argv[1]))
+			opt_hash_id = GIT_SHA256_FORMAT_ID;
+		else if (!strcmp("-s", argv[1]))
+			opt_dump_stack = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-c", argv[1]))
+			opt_compact = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp("-?", argv[1]) || !strcmp("-h", argv[1])) {
+			print_help();
+			return 2;
+		}
+
+	if (argc != 2) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "need argument\n");
+		print_help();
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	arg = argv[1];
+
+	if (opt_dump_table) {
+		err = reftable_reader_print_file(arg);
+	} else if (opt_dump_stack) {
+		err = reftable_stack_print_directory(arg, opt_hash_id);
+	} else if (opt_compact) {
+		err = compact_stack(arg);
+	}
+
+	if (err < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", argv0, arg,
+			reftable_error_str(err));
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
-- 
gitgitgadget


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH v4 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command.
  2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
                         ` (17 preceding siblings ...)
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2021-10-07 20:25       ` Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
  18 siblings, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget @ 2021-10-07 20:25 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, Han-Wen Nienhuys,
	Han-Wen Nienhuys

From: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>

This command dumps individual tables or a stack of of tables.

Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
---
 Makefile                 | 1 +
 t/helper/test-reftable.c | 5 +++++
 t/helper/test-tool.c     | 1 +
 t/helper/test-tool.h     | 1 +
 4 files changed, 8 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 29344440715..0d189a72410 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -2454,6 +2454,7 @@ REFTABLE_OBJS += reftable/writer.o
 
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/basics_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/block_test.o
+REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/dump.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/merged_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/pq_test.o
 REFTABLE_TEST_OBJS += reftable/record_test.o
diff --git a/t/helper/test-reftable.c b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
index 996da85f7b5..26b03d7b789 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-reftable.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-reftable.c
@@ -14,3 +14,8 @@ int cmd__reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
 	tree_test_main(argc, argv);
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	return reftable_dump_main(argc, (char *const *)argv);
+}
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.c b/t/helper/test-tool.c
index f7c888ffda7..338a57b104d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.c
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.c
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ static struct test_cmd cmds[] = {
 	{ "read-midx", cmd__read_midx },
 	{ "ref-store", cmd__ref_store },
 	{ "reftable", cmd__reftable },
+	{ "dump-reftable", cmd__dump_reftable },
 	{ "regex", cmd__regex },
 	{ "repository", cmd__repository },
 	{ "revision-walking", cmd__revision_walking },
diff --git a/t/helper/test-tool.h b/t/helper/test-tool.h
index 25f77469146..48cee1f4a2d 100644
--- a/t/helper/test-tool.h
+++ b/t/helper/test-tool.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ int cmd__dump_cache_tree(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_fsmonitor(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_split_index(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__dump_untracked_cache(int argc, const char **argv);
+int cmd__dump_reftable(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__example_decorate(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__fast_rebase(int argc, const char **argv);
 int cmd__genrandom(int argc, const char **argv);
-- 
gitgitgadget

^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* [PATCH] reftable tests: use C syntax compatible with old xlc
  2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
@ 2022-01-13 11:38         ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  2022-01-13 14:23           ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  0 siblings, 1 reply; 111+ messages in thread
From: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason @ 2022-01-13 11:38 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: git
  Cc: Junio C Hamano, Han-Wen Nienhuys, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón,
	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason

Change code added in 1ae2b8cda84 (reftable: add merged table view,
2021-10-07) to be compatible with older versions of AIX's IBM xlc
compiler. Version V12.1 of it (on gcc111.fsffrance.org) will hard
error with:

    "reftable/merged_test.c", line 211.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "char*" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
    "reftable/merged_test.c", line 212.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned long long" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
    "reftable/merged_test.c", line 213.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "enum {...}" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
    "reftable/merged_test.c", line 214.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned char*" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
    "reftable/merged_test.c", line 349.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "char*" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.
    "reftable/merged_test.c", line 350.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned long long" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.
    "reftable/merged_test.c", line 351.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "enum {...}" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.

Its newer V13.1.3 sibling (on gcc119.fsffrance.org, a AIX 7.2 box)
will compile the pre-image without issues. Let's not make git's
sources incompatible with this older AIX 7.1 compiler.

Perhaps there's a better way to do this, but just duplicating the
earlier struct values declared earlier in these functions works, and
is probably the least bad solution.

Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
---
 reftable/merged_test.c | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 66 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/reftable/merged_test.c b/reftable/merged_test.c
index 24461e8a802..bf231990a84 100644
--- a/reftable/merged_test.c
+++ b/reftable/merged_test.c
@@ -206,12 +206,38 @@ static void test_merged(void)
 			.value.val1 = hash1,
 		},
 	};
-
+	/*
+	 * We don't use { r2[0], r3[0], ... } for compatibility with
+	 * older IBM xlc.
+	 */
 	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
-		r2[0],
-		r1[1],
-		r3[0],
-		r3[1],
+		/* Same as r2[0] */
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 2,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
+		},
+		/* Same as r1[1] */
+		{
+
+			.refname = "b",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
+		/* Same as r3[0..1] */
+		{
+			.refname = "c",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash2,
+		},
+		{
+			.refname = "d",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_VAL1,
+			.value.val1 = hash1,
+		},
 	};
 
 	struct reftable_ref_record *refs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
@@ -345,10 +371,42 @@ static void test_merged_logs(void)
 			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
 		},
 	};
+	/*
+	 * We don't use { r2[0], r3[0], ... } for compatibility with
+	 * older IBM xlc.
+	 */
 	struct reftable_log_record want[] = {
-		r2[0],
-		r3[0],
-		r1[1],
+		/* Same as r2[0] */
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 3,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value.update = {
+				.new_hash = hash3,
+				.name = "jane doe",
+				.email = "jane@invalid",
+				.message = "message3",
+			}
+		},
+		/* Same as r3[0] */
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 2,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_DELETION,
+		},
+		/* Same as r1[1] */
+		{
+			.refname = "a",
+			.update_index = 1,
+			.value_type = REFTABLE_LOG_UPDATE,
+			.value.update = {
+				.old_hash = hash1,
+				.new_hash = hash2,
+				.name = "jane doe",
+				.email = "jane@invalid",
+				.message = "message1",
+			}
+		},
 	};
 
 	struct reftable_log_record *logs[] = { r1, r2, r3 };
-- 
2.35.0.rc0.850.gcc6bf5af6b1


^ permalink raw reply related	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] reftable tests: use C syntax compatible with old xlc
  2022-01-13 11:38         ` [PATCH] reftable tests: use C syntax compatible with old xlc Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
@ 2022-01-13 14:23           ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  2022-01-13 16:22             ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  2022-01-13 19:09             ` Junio C Hamano
  0 siblings, 2 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Han-Wen Nienhuys @ 2022-01-13 14:23 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  Cc: git, Junio C Hamano, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

On Thu, Jan 13, 2022 at 12:38 PM Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
<avarab@gmail.com> wrote:
> Change code added in 1ae2b8cda84 (reftable: add merged table view,
> 2021-10-07) to be compatible with older versions of AIX's IBM xlc
> compiler. Version V12.1 of it (on gcc111.fsffrance.org) will hard
> error with:
>
>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 211.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "char*" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 212.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned long long" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 213.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "enum {...}" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 214.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned char*" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 349.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "char*" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.
>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 350.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned long long" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.
>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 351.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "enum {...}" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.

Weird. What C standard does xlc implement?

> Perhaps there's a better way to do this, but just duplicating the
> earlier struct values declared earlier in these functions works, and
> is probably the least bad solution.

I'd rather not duplicate anything. Can't you do

  struct foobar *want = { &r[0], &r[2] .. }

-- 
Han-Wen Nienhuys - Google Munich
I work 80%. Don't expect answers from me on Fridays.
--

Google Germany GmbH, Erika-Mann-Strasse 33, 80636 Munich

Registergericht und -nummer: Hamburg, HRB 86891

Sitz der Gesellschaft: Hamburg

Geschäftsführer: Paul Manicle, Halimah DeLaine Prado

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] reftable tests: use C syntax compatible with old xlc
  2022-01-13 14:23           ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
@ 2022-01-13 16:22             ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
  2022-01-13 19:09             ` Junio C Hamano
  1 sibling, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason @ 2022-01-13 16:22 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys; +Cc: git, Junio C Hamano, Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón


On Thu, Jan 13 2022, Han-Wen Nienhuys wrote:

> On Thu, Jan 13, 2022 at 12:38 PM Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
> <avarab@gmail.com> wrote:
>> Change code added in 1ae2b8cda84 (reftable: add merged table view,
>> 2021-10-07) to be compatible with older versions of AIX's IBM xlc
>> compiler. Version V12.1 of it (on gcc111.fsffrance.org) will hard
>> error with:
>>
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 211.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "char*" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 212.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned long long" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 213.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "enum {...}" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 214.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned char*" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 349.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "char*" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 350.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "unsigned long long" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 351.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "enum {...}" and "struct reftable_log_record" is not allowed.
>
> Weird. What C standard does xlc implement?

I don't know. Your guess (and searching through IBM's website) is as
good as mine.

AFAICT it mostly implements the C99 semantics, but doesn't grok the
interpolation of structs-within-structs

>> Perhaps there's a better way to do this, but just duplicating the
>> earlier struct values declared earlier in these functions works, and
>> is probably the least bad solution.
>
> I'd rather not duplicate anything. Can't you do
>
>   struct foobar *want = { &r[0], &r[2] .. }

Maybe I'm just not understanding what you mean, but this:

        struct reftable_ref_record *want = {
                &r2[0],
                &r1[1],
                &r3[0],
                &r3[1],
        };

Gives us the predictable compiler error on gcc/clang, nevermind
xlc. Turn that into:

        struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
                &r2[0],
                &r1[1],
                &r3[0],
                &r3[1],
        };

And you can get gcc/clang to emulate what that xlc version (mis)parses
that as. I.e. it takes it as a reference to the nth element in that
struct.

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

* Re: [PATCH] reftable tests: use C syntax compatible with old xlc
  2022-01-13 14:23           ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
  2022-01-13 16:22             ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
@ 2022-01-13 19:09             ` Junio C Hamano
  1 sibling, 0 replies; 111+ messages in thread
From: Junio C Hamano @ 2022-01-13 19:09 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: Han-Wen Nienhuys
  Cc: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason, git,
	Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón

Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com> writes:

> On Thu, Jan 13, 2022 at 12:38 PM Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
> <avarab@gmail.com> wrote:
>> Change code added in 1ae2b8cda84 (reftable: add merged table view,
>> 2021-10-07) to be compatible with older versions of AIX's IBM xlc
>> compiler. Version V12.1 of it (on gcc111.fsffrance.org) will hard
>> error with:
>>
>>     "reftable/merged_test.c", line 211.19: 1506-196 (S) Initialization between types "char*" and "struct reftable_ref_record" is not allowed.
> ...
> Weird. What C standard does xlc implement?

Interesting.  It is complaining about this thing:

	struct reftable_ref_record r2[] = { {
		.refname = "a",
		.update_index = 2,
		.value_type = REFTABLE_REF_DELETION,
	} };
	...
	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
		r2[0],
		r1[1],
		r3[0],
		r3[1],
	};

and somehow assuming that r2[0] corresponds to the first member of a
"struct reftable_ref_record" structure, which is "char *refname".
Of course, you cannot initialize a character pointer with a whole
struct, which is *not* what the code wants to do.  I would
understand if it were written incorrectly like so

BAD:	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
BAD:		{ r2[0] },
BAD:		{ r1[1] },
BAD:		{ r3[0] },
BAD:		{ r3[1] },
BAD:	};

but that is not what we fed the compiler.  But apparently the
compiler is confused.

I wonder if it helps to use designated initializer on the latter, i.e.

	struct reftable_ref_record want[] = {
		[0] = r2[0],
		[1] = r1[1],
		[2] = r3[0],
		[3] = r3[1],
	};


^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] 111+ messages in thread

end of thread, other threads:[~2022-01-13 19:09 UTC | newest]

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2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
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2021-09-02  6:12   ` [PATCH] fixup! " Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
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2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
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2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-08-30 14:57 ` [PATCH 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-08-30 15:22 ` [PATCH 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys
2021-09-08  7:45 ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: reading/writing blocks Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 3/4] fixup! Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-08  7:45   ` [PATCH 4/4] fixup! reftable: utility functions Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-08 18:50   ` [PATCH 0/4] fixup for hn/reftable Junio C Hamano
2021-09-09 18:47 ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-15  7:34     ` Carlo Arenas
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-24 11:52     ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 18:47   ` [PATCH v2 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-09 20:02   ` [PATCH v2 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Junio C Hamano
2021-09-09 20:32   ` Junio C Hamano
2021-09-13 10:14     ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
2021-09-13 18:30       ` Junio C Hamano
2021-09-13 19:29         ` Carlo Arenas
2021-09-13 20:34           ` Junio C Hamano
2021-09-28 15:09   ` [PATCH v3 " Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:09     ` [PATCH v3 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:09     ` [PATCH v3 02/19] reftable: RFC: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-30 12:23       ` [PATCH] squash! " Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-10-07 16:34         ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 15:10     ` [PATCH v3 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-09-28 18:17     ` [PATCH v3 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Junio C Hamano
2021-10-02  9:20       ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
2021-09-30  5:40     ` hn/reftable "fixes" Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 1/4] fixup! reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 2/4] fixup! reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-10-01 15:37         ` C++(C99)-style comments in git.git Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 3/4] config.mak.uname: last release and snapshots of Minix still use zlib 1.2.3 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-30  5:40       ` [PATCH 4/4] reftable: avoid non portable compile time pointer to function Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón
2021-09-30 20:35       ` hn/reftable "fixes" Junio C Hamano
2021-10-07 20:24     ` [PATCH v4 00/19] Adds reftable library code from https://github.com/hanwen/reftable Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 01/19] hash.h: provide constants for the hash IDs Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 02/19] reftable: add LICENSE Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:24       ` [PATCH v4 03/19] reftable: add error related functionality Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 04/19] reftable: utility functions Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 05/19] reftable: add blocksource, an abstraction for random access reads Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 06/19] reftable: (de)serialization for the polymorphic record type Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 07/19] Provide zlib's uncompress2 from compat/zlib-compat.c Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 08/19] reftable: reading/writing blocks Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 09/19] reftable: a generic binary tree implementation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 10/19] reftable: write reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 11/19] reftable: generic interface to tables Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 12/19] reftable: read reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 13/19] reftable: reftable file level tests Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 14/19] reftable: add a heap-based priority queue for reftable records Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 15/19] reftable: add merged table view Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2022-01-13 11:38         ` [PATCH] reftable tests: use C syntax compatible with old xlc Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
2022-01-13 14:23           ` Han-Wen Nienhuys
2022-01-13 16:22             ` Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
2022-01-13 19:09             ` Junio C Hamano
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 16/19] reftable: implement refname validation Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 17/19] reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 18/19] reftable: add dump utility Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget
2021-10-07 20:25       ` [PATCH v4 19/19] Add "test-tool dump-reftable" command Han-Wen Nienhuys via GitGitGadget

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