[GSoC][RFC/PATCH v3 2/2] submodule: port subcommand foreach from shell to C

[Prathamesh Chavan <pc44800@gmail.com>]

This aims to make git-submodule foreach a builtin. This is the very
first step taken in this direction. Hence, 'foreach' is ported to
submodule--helper, and submodule--helper is called from git-submodule.sh.
The code is split up to have one function to obtain all the list of
submodules. This function acts as the front-end of git-submodule foreach
subcommand. It calls the function for_each_submodule_list, which basically
loops through the list and calls function fn, which in this case is
runcommand_in_submodule. This third function is a calling function that
takes care of running the command in that submodule, and recursively
perform the same when --recursive is flagged.

The first function module_foreach first parses the options present in
argv, and then with the help of module_list_compute, generates the list of
submodules present in the current working tree.

The second function for_each_submodule_list traverses through the
list, and calls function fn (which in case of submodule subcommand
foreach is runcommand_in_submodule) is called for each entry.

The third function runcommand_in_submodule, generates a submodule struct sub
for $name value and then later prepends name=sub->name and other
value assignments to the env argv_array structure of a child_process.
Also the <command> of submodule-foreach is push to args argv_array
structure and finally, using run_command the commands are executed
using a shell.

The third function also takes care of the recursive flag, by creating
a separate child_process structure and prepending "--super-prefix displaypath",
to the args argv_array structure. Other required arguments and the
input <command> of submodule-foreach is also appended to this argv_array.

The commit 1c4fb136db (submodule foreach: skip eval for more than one
argument, 2013-09-27), which explains that why for the case when argc>1,
we do not use eval. But since in this patch, we are calling the
command in a separate shell itself for all values of argc, this case
is not considered separately.

Both env variable $path and $sm_path were added since both are used in
tests in t7407.

Mentored-by: Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com>
Mentored-by: Stefan Beller <sbeller@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Prathamesh Chavan <pc44800@gmail.com>
---

In this new version of patch, following changes were added:

foreach_submodule was renamed to runcommand_in_submodule

We module_foreach into two parts, such that, module foreach
generates the list of submodules present in the cwd. And later
calls for_each_submodule_list which basically loops through the
list of submodule and calls the passed function fn.

Additionally, this patch also pass all those test, which it
failed earlier.

Since in the run-command API errors out when child
process with no arguments is passed, for test #10
from t7407-submodule-foreach, additional condition
was added in runcommand_in_submodule funciton to
handle this case instead of modifying the run-command.

Complete build report is available at:
https://travis-ci.org/pratham-pc/git/builds/
branch: foreach
build #52

It can been seen that the patch fails in test #9
of t7407-submodule-foreach, which is the newly added
test to that suite. The main reason of adding this test
was to bring the behavior of $path for the submodule
foreach --recursive case.

The observation made was as follows:

For a project - super containing dir (not a submodule)
and a submodule sub which contains another submodule
subsub. When we run a command from super/dir:

git submodule foreach "echo \$path-\$sm_path"

actual results:
Entering '../sub'
../sub-../sub
Entering '../sub/subsub'
../subsub-../subsub

ported function's result:
Entering '../sub'
sub-../sub
Entering '../sub/subsub'
subsub-../sub/subsub

This is occurring since in cmd_foreach of git-submodule.sh
when we use to recurse, we call cmd_foreach
and hence the process ran in the same shell.
Because of this, the variable $wt_prefix is set only once
which is at the beginning of the submodule foreach execution.
wt_prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)

And since sm_path and path are set using $wt_prefix as :
sm_path=$(git submodule--helper relative-path "$sm_path" "$wt_prefix") &&
path=$sm_path
It differs with the value of displaypath as well.

This make the value of $path confusing and I also feel it
deviates from its documentation:
$path is the name of the submodule directory relative
to the superproject.

But since in refactoring the code, we wish to maintain the
code in same way, we need to pass wt_prefix on every
recursive call, which may result in complex C code.
Another option could be to first correct the $path value
in git-submodule.sh and then port the updated cmd_foreach.

 builtin/submodule--helper.c | 145 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 git-submodule.sh            |  39 +-----------
 2 files changed, 146 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

diff --git a/builtin/submodule--helper.c b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
index 566a5b6a6..1a5b26c22 100644
--- a/builtin/submodule--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/submodule--helper.c
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "connect.h"
 
+typedef void (*submodule_list_func_t)(const struct cache_entry *list_item, void *cb_data);
+
+
+
 static char *get_default_remote(void)
 {
 	char *dest = NULL, *ret;
@@ -331,6 +335,15 @@ static int module_list(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void for_each_submodule_list(const struct module_list list, submodule_list_func_t fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+		fn(list.entries[i], cb_data);
+
+	return;
+}
+
 static void init_submodule(const char *path, const char *prefix, int quiet)
 {
 	const struct submodule *sub;
@@ -487,6 +500,137 @@ static int module_name(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct cb_foreach {
+	int argc;
+	const char **argv;
+	const char *prefix;
+	int quiet;
+	int recursive;
+};
+
+static void runcommand_in_submodule(const struct cache_entry *list_item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct cb_foreach *info = cb_data;
+	const char *toplevel = xgetcwd();
+	const struct submodule *sub;
+	struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sub_sha1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char* displaypath = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	/* Only loads from .gitmodules, no overlay with .git/config */
+	gitmodules_config();
+
+	if (info->prefix && get_super_prefix()) {
+		die("BUG: cannot have prefix '%s' and superprefix '%s'",
+		    info->prefix, get_super_prefix());
+	} else if (info->prefix) {
+		displaypath = xstrdup(relative_path(list_item->name, info->prefix, &sb));
+	} else if (get_super_prefix()) {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s/%s", get_super_prefix(), list_item->name);
+		displaypath = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+	} else {
+		displaypath = xstrdup(list_item->name);
+	}
+
+	sub = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, list_item->name);
+
+	if (!sub)
+		die(_("No url found for submodule path '%s' in .gitmodules"),
+		      displaypath);
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sub_sha1, oid_to_hex(&list_item->oid));
+
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "name=%s", sub->name);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "sm_path=%s", displaypath);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "path=%s", list_item->name); 
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "sha1=%s", sub_sha1.buf);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "toplevel=%s", toplevel);
+
+	cp.use_shell = 1;
+	cp.dir = list_item->name;
+	prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+	argv_array_pushf(&cp.env_array, "%s", GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < info->argc; i++)
+		argv_array_push(&cp.args, info->argv[i]);
+
+	if (!is_submodule_populated_gently(list_item->name, NULL))
+		return;
+	
+	if (!info->quiet)
+		printf(_("Entering '%s'\n"), displaypath);
+	if (info->argv[0] && run_command(&cp))
+		die(_("run_command returned non-zero status for %s\n."), displaypath);
+
+	if (info->recursive) {
+		struct child_process cpr = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+		cpr.use_shell = 1;
+		cpr.dir = list_item->name;
+		prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cpr.env_array);
+
+		argv_array_pushl(&cpr.args, "git", "--super-prefix", displaypath,
+				 "submodule--helper", NULL);
+
+		argv_array_pushl(&cpr.args, "foreach", "--recursive", NULL);
+
+		if (info->quiet)
+			argv_array_push(&cpr.args, "--quiet");
+
+		for (i = 0; i < info->argc; i++)
+			argv_array_push(&cpr.args, info->argv[i]);
+
+		run_command(&cpr);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&sub_sha1);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	free(displaypath);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+static int module_foreach(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct cb_foreach info;
+	struct pathspec pathspec;
+	struct module_list list = MODULE_LIST_INIT;
+	int quiet = 0;
+	int recursive = 0;
+
+	struct option module_foreach_options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("Suppress output of entering each submodule command")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "recursive", &recursive,
+			 N_("Recurse into nested submodules")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	const char *const git_submodule_helper_usage[] = {
+		N_("git submodule--helper foreach [--quiet] [--recursive] <command>"),
+		NULL
+	};
+
+	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, module_foreach_options,
+			     git_submodule_helper_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
+
+	if (module_list_compute(0, NULL, prefix, &pathspec, &list) < 0)
+			die("BUG: module_list_compute should not choke on empty pathspec");
+
+	info.argc = argc;
+	info.argv = argv;
+	info.prefix = prefix;
+	info.quiet = quiet;
+	info.recursive = recursive;
+
+	for_each_submodule_list(list, runcommand_in_submodule, &info);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int clone_submodule(const char *path, const char *gitdir, const char *url,
 			   const char *depth, struct string_list *reference,
 			   int quiet, int progress)
@@ -1212,6 +1356,7 @@ static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
 	{"relative-path", resolve_relative_path, 0},
 	{"resolve-relative-url", resolve_relative_url, 0},
 	{"resolve-relative-url-test", resolve_relative_url_test, 0},
+	{"foreach", module_foreach, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
 	{"init", module_init, SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
 	{"remote-branch", resolve_remote_submodule_branch, 0},
 	{"push-check", push_check, 0},
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index c0d0e9a4c..032fd2540 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -322,45 +322,8 @@ cmd_foreach()
 		shift
 	done
 
-	toplevel=$(pwd)
+	git ${wt_prefix:+-C "$wt_prefix"} ${prefix:+--super-prefix "$prefix"} submodule--helper foreach ${GIT_QUIET:+--quiet} ${recursive:+--recursive} "$@"
 
-	# dup stdin so that it can be restored when running the external
-	# command in the subshell (and a recursive call to this function)
-	exec 3<&0
-
-	{
-		git submodule--helper list --prefix "$wt_prefix" ||
-		echo "#unmatched" $?
-	} |
-	while read -r mode sha1 stage sm_path
-	do
-		die_if_unmatched "$mode" "$sha1"
-		if test -e "$sm_path"/.git
-		then
-			displaypath=$(git submodule--helper relative-path "$prefix$sm_path" "$wt_prefix")
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Entering '\$displaypath'")"
-			name=$(git submodule--helper name "$sm_path")
-			(
-				prefix="$prefix$sm_path/"
-				sanitize_submodule_env
-				cd "$sm_path" &&
-				sm_path=$(git submodule--helper relative-path "$sm_path" "$wt_prefix") &&
-				# we make $path available to scripts ...
-				path=$sm_path &&
-				if test $# -eq 1
-				then
-					eval "$1"
-				else
-					"$@"
-				fi &&
-				if test -n "$recursive"
-				then
-					cmd_foreach "--recursive" "$@"
-				fi
-			) <&3 3<&- ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Stopping at '\$displaypath'; script returned non-zero status.")"
-		fi
-	done
 }
 
 #
-- 
2.11.0